HANDBOOK FOR THE INTEGRATION OF THE OIE PERFORMANCE OF VETERINARY SERVICES RESULTS INTO THE JOINT EXTERNAL EVALUATION PROCESS

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HANDBOOK

FOR THE INTEGRATION OF THE OIE PERFORMANCE OF VETERINARY SERVICES RESULTS INTO THE JOINT

EXTERNAL EVALUATION PROCESS

INTERNATIONAL HEALTH REGULATIONS (2005) IHR MONITORING AND EVALUATION FRAMEWORK

Related to the 2

^nd

Edition of the JEE tool

and Sixth edition (2013) of the OIE PVS Tool

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INTERNATIONAL HEALTH REGULATIONS (2005) IHR MONITORING AND EVALUATION FRAMEWORK

HANDBOOK

FOR THE INTEGRATION OF THE OIE PERFORMANCE OF VETERINARY SERVICES RESULTS INTO THE JOINT

EXTERNAL EVALUATION PROCESS

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Handbook for the integration of the World Organisation for Animal Health Performance of Veterinary Services results into the Joint External Evaluation process

ISBN 978-92-4-151494-1

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

This publication was supported by Grant/Cooperative Agreement Number BIO-2016-0023 from Department of Foreign Affairs, Trade and Development of Canada, through its Global Partnership Program (GPP), Ottawa, Canada. Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the

GPP.

WHO and the OIE would like to acknowledge with thanks all the experts who contributed to the development and review of this handbook, more specifically Guillaume Belot, Maud Carron, François Caya, Stella Chungong, Nadège Leboucq, Stéphane de la Rocque, Rajesh Sreedharan and Emily Tagliaro.

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CONTEXT

With the coming into force of the revised International Health Regulations (IHR (2005)), all States Parties are required to assess the ability of their national structure and resources to meet minimum national core capacities for surveillance and response, and to develop a plan of action to ensure that these capacities be present and functioning throughout their territories.

Annex 1 of the IHR (2005) provides a list of core capacities – the capacity to detect, report, assess and respond to Public Health Events of International Concern (PHEIC) - expected at the three levels of implementation in countries – central, intermediate and community levels. All States Parties have committed to report their level of compliance with IHR Annex 1 to the World Health Assembly (WHA) on a yearly basis.

In order to assist States Parties in their assessment, WHO and partners have developed an external evaluation (Joint External Evaluation, JEE) process and a tool (the JEET¹).

The first stage of the evaluation is a survey completed by the country using self- reported data for the various indicators on the JEET. A joint external evaluation team comprised of national and international subject matter experts then visit the country for facilitated in-depth discussions. As a result, a draft report identifies status levels for a set of indicators, as well as an analysis of the country’s capabilities, gaps, opportunities and challenges.

When it comes to the specific contribution from Veterinary Authorities in reaching the objectives of the IHR (2005), the OIE’s Performance of Veterinary Services (PVS) Pathway assesses the performance of the national Veterinary Services and their compliance with OIE international standards on the quality of Veterinary Services. All aspects relevant to the OIE Terrestrial Animal Health Code and the quality of Veterinary Services, as per OIE definition², are reviewed using the OIE PVS Tool during an initial OIE PVS Evaluation.

The PVS Expert Team collects and analyses baseline information against 47 Critical Competencies. More details on OIE PVS Pathway and corresponding capacity-building activities can be found in Annex 2 of this handbook.

Each State Party shall develop, strengthen and maintain, as soon as possible but no later than five years from the entry into force of these Regulations (…), the capacity to detect, assess, notify and report events in accordance with these Regulations… and...

the capacity to respond promptly and effectively…

IHR (2005), Articles 5 and 13

1 - http://www.who.int/ihr/publications/WHO_HSE_GCR_2018_2/en/

2 - In this manual, the terms “Veterinary Authorities” and “Veterinary Services” refer to the definitions in the OIE Code - “Veterinary Authority” means the governmental authority, comprising veterinarians, other professionals and

paraprofessionals, having the responsibility and competence for ensuring or supervising the implementation of animal health and welfare measures, international veterinary certification and other standards and recommendations in the OIE Terrestrial Code in the whole territory.

- “Veterinary Services” means the governmental and non-governmental organisations that implement animal health and welfare measures and other standards and recommendations in the Code in the territory. The veterinary Services are under the overall control and direction of the Veterinary Authority. Private sector organisations, veterinarians, veterinary paraprofessionals are normally accredited or approved by the Veterinary Authority to deliver the delegated functions.

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OBJECTIVE OF THE HANDBOOK

The objective of the Handbook is to facilitate the assessment of core capacities by taking into consideration the Veterinary Services’ contribution to a country’s compliance to the IHR (2005).

OIE PVS Pathway reports can greatly facilitate the work of the JEE, both for the self- review and for the evaluation by the JEE external team, by providing concrete information regarding the national Veterinary Services’ contribution for each technical area. This input may be obvious for some specific components (zoonoses, food safety, antimicrobial resistance). However, there are other key areas that should also be considered for a more thorough and holistic review of strengths and gaps. This Handbook has been developed to facilitate this exercise; it highlights the linkages and complementarities between the JEE and the OIE PVS Pathway and explains how to use the data contained in an OIE PVS Evaluation report to assist in the implementation of the JEE.

This handbook is related to the 2^nd edition of the JEE tool and sixth edition (2013) of the OIE PVS Tool.

CONTENT OF THE HANDBOOK

This Handbook identifies the several areas in which the indicators in the JEET match, overlap and synergize with the Critical Competencies used in the OIE PVS Pathway Evaluation missions. The JEET is organised through 19 technical areas, classified around 4 thematic areas (Table 1).

Every technical area is informed by one or several indicator(s) with attributes that reflect various levels of capacity with scores of 1-5 (1 indicates that implementation has not occurred; 5 indicates that implementation has occurred, is tested/reviewed/exercised and that the country has a high level of capability for the indicator). Technical Questions are proposed to facilitate the determination of the appropriate score.

There are 49 indicators in the JEET (2^nd edition), covering 19 technical areas.

In total, the Handbook identifies 37 PVS critical competencies which can provide relevant information with respect to the contribution of the VS to 14 of the JEE technical areas.

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Thematic area 1 - Prevent - National Legislation, Policy and

Financing

- IHR Coordination, Communication and Advocacy

- Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) - Zoonotic Disease

- Food Safety

- Biosafety and Biosecurity - Immunization

Thematic area 2 - Detect:

- National Laboratory System - Surveillance

- Reporting - Human Resources

Thematic area 3 - Respond:

- Emergency Preparedness - Emergency Response Operations - Linking Public Health and Security

Authorities

- Medical Countermeasures and Personnel Deployment - Risk Communication

Thematic area 4 - Other IHR- related hazards

- Points of Entry (PoE) - Chemical Events - Radiation Emergencies

How to access the OIE PVS Pathway reports

The OIE PVS Pathway reports are the property of the country. A number of countries have waived the confidentiality of their OIE PVS Pathway reports, authorizing the OIE to share their report with partner organizations and donors. In addition, some countries have authorized the OIE to make their OIE PVS Pathway reports fully public; these can be viewed on the OIE website:

- for the OIE PVS Evaluation reports: under www.oie.int/en/support-to-oie- members/pvs-evaluations/oie-pvs-evaluation-reports/

- for the OIE Gap Analysis reports: under www.oie.int/en/support-to-oie-members/

pvs-gap-analysis/pvs-gap-analysis-reports/

If the confidentiality of the OIE PVS Pathway reports has not been waived, the JEE team can ask the Veterinary Services (directly or through the OIE) for a copy of the reports to be made available for the JEE self-assessment and/or the JEE mission.

Table 2 on the next page summarizes the relationship between the indicators from the JEET and the PVS Tool Critical Competencies.

TABLE 1: The JEET is organised through 19 technical areas, classified around 4 thematic areas

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Table 2: Table of correspondence between the technical areas in the JEET and the Critical Competencies in the OIE PVS Pathway Tool

PVS PA THWAY

Human, physical & financial resourcesTechnical authority & capability Interaction withstakeholders Access to market

I.1. Pr ofessional and technical staffing

of the Veter inary Ser vices

I.2.

Competencies of veter

inarians essionals a-prof inary par & veter

I.3.

Continuing education

I.4.

Technical independence I.5.

Stability of str uctures and

sustainability of policies I.6.

Coordination ca

pability inary Ser of the Veter

vices

I.7.

Physical r esources

I.8.

Operational funding I.9.

Emergenc y funding

I.10.

Capital in vestment

I.11.

Management of r esources

and operations II.1.

Veter inary la borator y diagnosis

II.2.

Labor atory quality assur ance

II. 3.

Risk analysis II.4.

Quarantine and bor der security

II.5.

Epidemiological sur

veillance and early detection

II.6.

Emergenc y response

II.7.

Disease pre vention, control

and eradication II.8.

Food safety II.9.

Veter inary medicines and biologicals

II.10.

Residue testing II.11.

Animal f eed safety

II.12.

Identification and tracea bility

II.13.

Animal w elfar e

III.1.

Communication III.2.

Consultation with interested parties

III.3.

Official repr esentation

III.4.

Accreditation / author isation /

delegation III.5.

Veter inary Statutor y Body

III.6.

Par ticipation of producer

s & ties in joint progr interested par

ams

IV .1.

Prepar

ation of legislation and regulations

IV .2.

Implementation of legislation and

regulations and compliance IV .3.

International har monisation

IV .4.

International cer tification

IV .5.

Equiv alence and other types of sanitary agr eements

IV .6.

Transpar ency

IV .7.

Zoning IV .8.

Compartmentalisation

JOINT EXTERNAL EVALU ATION (JEE)

Prev ent

National Legislation, Policy & Financing IHR Coordination, Communication & Advocacy Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Zoonotic Disease Food Safety Biosafety & Biosecurity Immunization Detect National Laboratory System Surveillance Reporting Workforce Development / Human Resources

Respond

Preparedness / Emergency Preparedness Emergency Response Operations Linking Public Health & Security Authorities Medical Countermeasures & Personnel Deployment Risk Communication Other Points of Entry (PoE) Chemical Events Radiation Emergencies

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INDICATORS IN THE JOINT EXTERNAL EVALUATION TOOL AND ASSOCIATED CRITICAL COMPETENCIES IN THE PVS

EVALUATION REPORTS

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PREVEN T 1: N ATION AL LEGISL ATION, POLICY AND FIN ANCING JEE Indicators P.1.1 The State has assessed, adjusted and aligned its domestic legislation, policies and administrativ e arrangements in all r ele vant sectors to enable compliance with the IHR P.1.2 Financing is a vailable for the implementation of IHR capacities P.1.3 A financi ng mechanism and funds ar e a vailable for t imely r esponse to public health emer gencies Ke y PVS Critical Competency Car ds to consult I-8. Operational funding

This CC reviews the ability of the VS to access financial resources adequate for their continued and expanded operations (i.e. disease surveillance, early detection and rapid response, and veterinary public health), independent of political pressure.

I-9. Emer gency funding

This CC reviews the capability of the VS to access extraordinary financial resources in order to respond to emergency situations or emerging issues. The CC reviews inter alia: - Approval process for accessing additional resources and financial arrangements.

IV -1. Pr eparation of legislation and r egulations

This CC reviews the authority and capability of the veterinary services (VS) to actively participate in the preparation of national legislation and regulations in domains that are under their mandate, in order to guarantee its quality with respect to principles of legal drafting and legal issues and its accessibility, acceptability, and technical, social and economic applicability. This competency involves collaboration with relevant authorities, including other ministries and competent authorities, national agencies and decentralised institutions that share authority or have mutual interest in relevant areas. The CC can cover inter alia: - The legislative and regulatory framework of the veterinary domain and the mandate of the Veterinary Authority; - The coordination of VS with relevant authorities on developing legislation and regulations regarding areas of joint or shared responsibility; - The evidence that national legislation identifies VS roles and responsibilities related to activities where there is shared authority with other competent authorities.

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IV -2. Implementation of legislation and r egulations and compliance ther eof

This CC reviews the authority and capability of the VS to ensure compliance with legislation and regulations under the VS mandate. This CC can cover inter alia: - The capacity of the VS to take legal action - The formal agreement and standard procedures for collaboration with other relevant authorities.

Other r ele vant PVS Critical Competency Car ds I-5. Stability of structur es and sustainability of policies

This CC reviews the capability of the VS structure and/or leadership to implement and sustain policies over time.

I-10. Capital inv estment

This CC reviews the capability of the VS to access funding for basic and additional investments (material and non material) that lead to a sustained improvement in the VS operational infrastructure.

IV -3. International harmonisation

This CC reviews the authority and capability of the VS to be active in the international harmonisation of regulations and sanitary measures and to ensure that the national legislation under their mandate take account of relevant international standards, as appropriate.

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PREVEN T 2: IHR COORDIN ATION , COMMUNICA TION AND AD VOCA CY JEE Indicators P.2.1 A functional mechanism is established for the coor dination and integration of r ele vant sectors in the implementation of IHR Ke y PVS Critical Competency Car ds to consult I-6. Coor dination capability of the V eterinar y Ser vices

A. Internal coordination

This CC reviews the capability of the VS to coordinate its resources and activities (public and private sectors) with a clear chain of command, from the central level (the Chief Veterinary Officer), to the field level of the VS in order to implement all national activities relevant for the Codes (i.e. surveillance, disease control and eradication, food safety and early detection and rapid response programmes).

I-6. Coor dination capability of the V eterinar y Ser vices

B. External coordination

This CC reviews the capability of the VS to coordinate its resources and activities at all levels with other relevant authorities as appropriate, in order to implement all national activities relevant for OIE Codes (i.e. surveillance, disease control and eradication, food safety and early detection and rapid response programmes). This includes inter alia: - Coordination mechanisms with other authorities on area of joint responsibility; - Procedures and agreements with relevant competent authorities (may include those responsible for human health, security, customs, wildlife…).

III-2. Consultation with inter ested par ties

This CC reviews the capability of the VS to consult effectively with interested parties on VS activwities and programmes, and on developments in animal health and food safety. It covers collaboration with relevant authorities, including other ministries and competent authorities, national agencies and decentralised institutions that share authorities or have mutual interest in relevant areas. This can cover inter alia: - Procedure for formal consultation with interested parties; - Establishment of inter-institutional committees.

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Other r ele vant PVS Critical Competency Car ds III-1. Communications

This CC reviews the capability of the VS to keep interested parties informed, in a transparent, effective and timely manner, of VS activities and programmes, and of developments in animal health and food safety. This competency includes collaboration with relevant authorities, including other ministries and Competent Authorities. The CC explores inter alia: - The available infrastructure and the mechanisms in place for communication with interested parties.

III-3. Official r epr esentation

III-6. P ar ticipation of pr oducers and other inter ested par ties in joint pr ogrammes

This CC reviews the capability of the VS to consult effectively with interested parties on VS activwities and programmes, and on developments in animal health and food safety. It covers collaboration with relevant authorities, including other ministries and competent authorities, national agencies and decentralised institutions that share authorities or have mutual interest in relevant areas. This can cover inter alia: - Procedure for formal consultation with interested parties; - Establishment of inter-institutional committees.

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PREVEN T 3: AN TIMICROBI AL RESIST AN CE (AMR) JEE Indicators P.3.1 E ff ectiv e multisectoral coor dination on AMR P.3.2 Sur veillance of AMR P.3.3 Inf ection pr ev ention and contr ol P.3.4 Optimiz e use of antimicr obial medicines in human and animal health and agricultur e Ke y PVS Critical Competency Car ds to consult II-1. V eterinar y laborator y diagnosis

A. Access to veterinary laboratory diagnosis B. Suitability of national labora- tory infrastructures

This CC reviews the authority and capability of the VS to identify and record pathogenic agents, including those relevant for public health, that can adversely affect animals and animal products, and the suitability, effectiveness and efficiency of the national (public and private) laboratory infrastructures to service the needs of the VS. This CC considers inter alia: - The list of notifiable and reportable diseases, present in the country, present in the region or that could enter the country, including emerging diseases, for which the access to laboratory diagnostic is lacking; - The list of foreign laboratories providing access to diagnostic work; - The access to human health laboratory services when needed, and agreement on diagnostic methods and procedures including for an emerging event/new pathogens) in animals and humans; The formal links between laboratories and the laboratory network structure organogram, including the existence of a shared database system.

III-9. V eterinar y medicines and biologicals

This CC reviews the capability of the VS to undertake residue testing programmes for veterinary medicines (e.g. antimicrobials and hormones), chemicals, pesticides, radionuclides, metals, etc. This can cover inter alia: - The regulatory framework and the national standards on AMR control and testing; - The official programmes on AMR control and results; - The access to an AMR testing laboratory with adequate competency and resources; - Evidence of action taken based on results from AMR testing programme, including the collaborative actions with other Competent Authorities.

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II-10. Residue testing

This CC reviews the capability of the VS to undertake residue testing programmes for veterinary medicines (e.g. antimicrobials and hormones), chemicals, pesticides, radionuclides, metals, etc. This can cover inter alia: - The regulatory framework and the national standards on AMR control and testing; - The official programmes on AMR control and results; - The access to an AMR testing laboratory with adequate competency and resources; - Evidence of action taken based on results from AMR testing programme, including the collaborative actions with other Competent Authorities.

III-3. Official r epr esentation

Other r ele vant PVS Critical Competency Car ds II-2. Laborator y quality assurance

This CC reviews the quality of laboratories (that conduct diagnostic testing or analysis for chemical residues, antimicrobial residues, toxins, or tests for, biological efficacy, etc.) as measured by the use of formal QA systems and participation in relevant proficiency testing programmes. This can cover inter alia: - Documented procedures; - Evidence of proficiency testing programmes: - Feedback from laboratories on sample submission processes; - Evidence that laboratory diagnostic procedures are in line with OIE standards.

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PREVEN T 4: Z OON OTIC DISEASES (1/2) JEE Indicators P.4.1 Coor dinated sur veillance systems in place in the animal health and public health sectors for z oonotic diseases/ pathogens identified as joint priorities PP .4.2 Mechanisms for r esponding to inf ectious and potential z oonotic diseases established and functional Ke y PVS Critical Competency Car ds to consult I-6. Coor dination capability of the V eterinar y Ser vices

I-6. Coor dination capability of the V eterinar y Ser vices

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II-1. V eterinar y laborator y diagnosis

A. Access to veterinary laboratory diagnosis

This CC reviews the authority and capability of the VS to identify and record pathogenic agents, including those relevant for public health, that can adversely affect animals and animal products, and the suitability, effectiveness and efficiency of the national (public and private) laboratory infrastructures to service the needs of the VS. This CC considers inter alia: - The list of notifiable and reportable diseases, present in the country, present in the region or that could enter the country, including emerging diseases, for which the access to laboratory diagnostic is lacking; - The list of foreign laboratories providing access to diagnostic work; - The access to human health laboratory services when needed, and agreement on diagnostic methods and procedures including for an emerging event/new pathogens) in animals and humans; - The formal links between laboratories and the laboratory network structure organogram, including the existence of a shared database system.

II-1. V eterinar y laborator y diagnosis

B. Suitability of national laborator

y infrastructures

This CC reviews the suitability, effectiveness and efficiency of the national (public and private) laboratory infrastructures to service the needs of the VS. The CC considers inter alia: The organisation, management and accessibility of the laboratory network to meet the country’s needs.

II-5. Epidemiological sur

veillance and early warning

A. Passive epidemiological surveillance B. Active epidemiological surveillance

These CC review the authority and capability of the VS to determine, verify and report on the sanitary status of the animal populations, including wildlife, under their mandate. The CC considers inter alia: - The list of notifiable diseases; - Contacts in other agencies on relevant areas (e.g. food safety; zoonoses, emerging diseases, wildlife) and procedures for sharing relevant surveillance information; - Knowledge of OIE standard on surveillance, including reporting duties and procedures on suspicions and confirmed cases.

II-6. Emer gency r esponse

This CC reviews the authority and capability of the VS to response rapidly to a sanitary emergency (such as a significant disease outbreak or a food safety emergency). The CC considers inter alia: - Network of human and physical resources available for emergency response; - Documented national contingency plans and appropriate chain of command. - Evidence of simulation exercises and pre-established procedures.

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PREVEN T 4: Z OON OTIC DISEASES (2/2) II-7. Disease pr ev ention, contr ol and eradication

This CC reviews the authority and capability of the VS to actively perform actions to prevent, control or eradicate OIE listed diseases and/or to demonstrate that the country or a zone are free of relevant diseases. The CC can consider inter alia: - The list of disease of epizootic or zoonotic importance - The prevention, control and eradication programmes to be conducted in collaboration with other relevant parties; - The procedures and/or protocols on roles and responsibilities of different parties (VS and other Competent Authorities).

Other r ele vant PVS Critical Competency Car ds I-8. Operational funding

II-2. Laborator y quality assurance

This CC reviews the quality of laboratories (that conduct diagnostic testing or analysis for chemical residues, antimicrobial residues, toxins, or tests for, biological efficacy, etc.) as measured by the use of formal QA systems and participation in relevant proficiency testing programmes. This CC can cover inter

alia: - Documented procedures; - Evidence of proficiency testing programmes: - Feedback from laboratories on sample submission processes; - Evidence that laboratory diagnostic procedures are in line with OIE standards. This CC reviews the authority and capability of the VS to base its risk management decisions on risk

II-3. Risk analysis

assessment. The CC considers inter alia: - Database of hazards relevant to animal health and food safety; - Database and procedures or tools used for risk analyses; - Documented risk management decision-making based on risk analyses.

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PREVEN T 5: FOOD SAFET Y (1/2) JEE Indicators P.5.1 Sur veillance systems in place for the detection and monitoring of foodborne diseases and food contamination P.5.2 Mechanisms ar e established and functioning for the r esponse and management of food saf ety emer gencies Ke y PVS Critical Competency Car ds to consult I-6. Coor dination capability of the V eterinar y Ser vices

I-6. Coor dination capability of the V eterinar y Ser vices

II-1. V eterinar y laborator y diagnosis

A. Access to veterinary laboratory diagnosis B. Suitability of national laborator

This CC reviews the authority and capability of the VS to identify and record pathogenic agents, including those relevant for public health, that can adversely affect animals and animal products, and the suitability, effectiveness and efficiency of the national (public and private) laboratory infrastructures to service the needs of the VS. This CC considers inter alia: - The list of notifiable and reportable diseases, present in the country, present in the region or that could enter the country, including emerging diseases, for which the access to laboratory diagnostic is lacking; - The list of foreign laboratories providing access to diagnostic work; - The access to human health laboratory services when needed, and agreement on diagnostic methods and procedures including for an emerging event/new pathogens) in animals and humans; - The formal links between laboratories and the laboratory network structure organogram, including the existence of a shared database system.

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II-5. Epidemiological sur

veillance and early warning

These CC review the authority and capability of the VS to determine, verify and report on the sanitary status of the animal populations, including wildlife, under their mandate. The CC consider inter alia:

- The list of notifiable diseases; - Contacts in other agencies on relevant areas (e.g. food safety; zoonoses, emerging diseases, wildlife) and procedures for sharing relevant surveillance information; - Knowledge of OIE standard on surveillance, including reporting duties and procedures on suspicions and confirmed cases.

II-8. F ood saf ety

A - Regulation, authorisation and inspection of establishments for pr

oduction, processing

and distribution of food of animal origin This CC reviews the authority and capability of the VS to establish and enforce sanitary standards for establishments that produce, process and distribute food of animal origin. This CC can consider inter

alia: - The legislativ

e framework and documented chain of command - Procedures for inspection and approval of establishments such as slaughter plants, to ensure compliance with international norms.

II-8. F ood saf ety

B - Ante and post mortem

inspection at abattoirs and associated pr

emises

This CC reviews the authority and capability of the VS to implement and manage the inspection of animals destined for slaughter at abattoirs and associated premises, including for assuring meat hygiene and for the collection of information relevant to livestock diseases and zoonoses. The CC reviews inter alia: - Procedures for animal and carcass inspection, including the collection and analysis of relevant samples. - The collection of information relevant to livestock diseases, foodborne disease and zoonoses; - Evidence of coordination between PH and VS regarding the occurrence of human foodborne illness and potential linkages to food of animal origin, including actions of the VS.

II-8. F ood saf ety

C - Inspection for collection, processing and distribution of products of animal origin

This CC reviews the authority and capability of the VS to implement, manage and coordinate food safety measures on collection, processing and distribution of products of animal (e.g.; milk and honey), including programmes for the prevention of specific food-borne zoonoses and general food safety programmes. The CC can consider inter alia: - The respective roles and responsibilities of competent authorities (national VS, specific agency or department, Ministry of Health, local government or administration, private sector, etc.); - The procedures followed by personnel, including for the collection and analysis of relevant samples; - The coordination between relevant competent authorities regarding the occurrence of human foodborne illness and potential linkages to food of animal origin.

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PREVEN T 5: FOOD SAFET Y (2/2) II-10. Residue testing

This CC reviews the capability of the VS to undertake residue testing programmes for veterinary medicines (e.g. antimicrobials and hormones), chemicals, pesticides, radionuclides, metals, etc). This can cover inter alia: - The regulatory framework and the national standards on AMR control and testing; - The official programmes on AMR control and results; - The access to an AMR testing laboratory with adequate competency and resources; - Evidence of action taken based on results from AMR testing programme, including the collaborative actions with other Competent Authorities.

II-12. Identification and traceability

.

B - Identification and traceability of animal pr

oducts

This CC reviews the authority and capability of the VS, normally in collaboration with producers and other interested parties to identify and trace products of animal origin for the purpose of food safety animal health or trade. The CC covers inter alia: - Tracing procedures and databases as a tool to support the investigation of foodborne disease outbreaks - List of identified and traced food products of animal origin.

Other r ele vant PVS Critical Competency Car ds II-2. Laborator y quality assurance

alia: - Documented procedures; - Evidence of proficiency testing programmes: - Feedback from laboratories on sample submission processes; - Evidence that laboratory diagnostic procedures are in line with OIE standards. This CC reviews the authority and capability of the VS to base its risk management decisions on risk

II-3. Risk analysis

assessment. The CC considers inter alia: - Database of hazards relevant to animal health and food safety; - Database and procedures or tools used for risk analyses; - Documented risk management decision-making based on risk analyses.

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PREVEN T 6: BIOSAFET Y AND BIOSECURI TY JEE Indicators P.6.1 Whole-of-go vernment biosaf ety and biosecurity system in place for all sectors (including human, animal and agricultur e facilities) P.6.2 Biosaf ety and biosecurity training and practices in all r ele vant sectors (including human, animal and agricultur e) Ke y PVS Critical Competency Car ds to consult II-1. V eterinar y laborator y diagnosis

A - Access to veterinary laboratory diagnosis B - Suitability of national laborator

This CC reviews the authority and capability of the VS to identify and record pathogenic agents, including those relevant for public health, that can adversely affect animals and animal products, and the suitability, effectiveness and efficiency of the national (public and private) laboratory infrastructures to service the needs of the VS. This CC considers inter alia: - The list of notifiable and reportable diseases, present in the country, present in the region or that could enter the country, including emerging diseases, - The formal links between laboratories and the laboratory network structure organogram, including the existence of a shared database system. - The organisation, management and financing of laboratory infrastructure.

II-2. Laborator y quality assurance

alia: - Documented procedures; - Evidence of proficiency testing programmes: - Feedback from laboratories on sample submission processes; - Evidence that laboratory diagnostic procedures are in line with OIE standards.

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Other r ele vant PVS Critical Competency Car ds II-7. Disease pr ev ention, contr ol and eradication

This CC reviews the authority and capability of the VS to actively perform actions to prevent, control or eradicate OIE listed diseases and/or to demonstrate that the country or a zone are free of relevant diseases. The CC considers inter alia: - The prevention, control and eradication programmes to be conducted in collaboration with relevant parties and beneficiaries; - The procedures and/or protocols on roles and responsibilities of different parties.

PREVEN T 7: IMMUNIZ ATION

There is no clear reference to this technical area in the OIE PVS Tool

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DETEC T 1: N ATION AL L ABORA TOR Y SY STEM JEE Indicators D.1.1 Laborator y testing for detection of priority diseases D.1.2 Specimen r ef erral and transpor t system D.1.3 E ff ectiv e national diagnostic network D.1.4 Laborator y quality system Ke y PVS Critical Competency Car ds to consult II-1. V eterinar y laborator y diagnosis

A - Access to veterinary laboratory diagnosis

This CC reviews the authority and capability of the VS to identify and record pathogenic agents, including those relevant for public health, that can adversely affect animals and animal products. The CC considers inter alia: - The lists of categories and distribution of laboratories in the country; - The physical, human (including competencies and continuing education) and financial resources of laboratories; - The list of notifiable and reportable diseases, present in the country, present in the region or that could enter the country, including emerging diseases, for which the access to laboratory diagnostic is lacking; - The list of foreign laboratories providing access to diagnostic work; - The access to human health laboratory services when needed , and agreement on diagnostic methods and procedures including for an emerging event/new pathogens) in animals and humans; - The list of diagnostic tests (defined for each disease) available for the VS.

II-1. V eterinar y laborator y diagnosis

B - Suitability of national laborator

This CC reviews the suitability, effectiveness and efficiency of the national (public and private) laboratory infrastructures to service the needs of the VS: The CC considers inter alia: The organisation, management and accessibility of the laboratory network to meet the country’s needs.

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II-2. Laborator y quality assurance

This CC reviews the quality of laboratories (that conduct diagnostic testing or analysis for chemical residues, antimicrobial residues, toxins, biological efficacy, etc.) as measured by the use of formal Quality Assessment systems and participation in relevant proficiency testing programmes. The CC considers inter alia: - The list of authorised / accredited laboratories; - The QA systems used (including SOPs, testing manuals, records of results); - The procedures for audit and updating of sampling, submission and laboratory analytical procedures; - The procedures for national authorisation / accreditation of laboratories; - The existing accreditation and/or twinning programmes.

Other r ele vant PVS Critical Competency Car ds II-10. Residue testing

This CC reviews the capability of the VS to undertake residue testing programmes for veterinary medicines (e.g. antimicrobials and hormones), chemicals, pesticides, radionuclides, metals, etc). This can cover inter alia: - The regulatory framework and the national standards on AMR control and testing; - The official programmes on AMR control and results; - The access to an AMR testing laboratory with adequate competency and resources; - Evidence of action taken based on results from AMR testing programme, including the collaborative actions with other Competent Authorities.

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DETEC T 2: REAL TIME SUR VEILL ANCE JEE Indicators D.2.1 Sur veillance systems D.2.2 Use of electr onic tools D.2.3 A nalysis of sur veillance data Ke y PVS Critical Competency Car ds to consult II-5. Epidemiological sur

veillance and early detection

A - Passive epidemiological surveillance B - Active epidemiological surveillance

These CC review the authority and capability of the VS to determine, verify and report on the sanitary status of the animal populations, including wildlife, under their mandate. The CC considers inter alia: - The list of diseases on the territory, and the list of priority zoonosis diseases (e.g. rabies, brucellosis, bovine tuberculosis, anthrax, leptospirosis and other relevant diseases for the country) covered by specific active surveillance programmes; - The chain of command and information flow; - The procedures for data recording and management, and notifications of diseases; - Database on people involved in surveillance (e.g. professionals, paraprofessionals, producers, etc.); - The network of contact points for surveillance in other agencies on relevant areas (e.g. food safety, zoonoses, emerging diseases, wildlife diseases); - The procedures for sharing relevant surveillance information with relevant partners.

Other r ele vant PVS Critical Competency Car ds I-6. Coor dination capability of the V eterinar y Ser vices

A - Internal coordination This CC reviews the capability of the VS to coordinate its resources and activities (public and private sectors) with a clear chain of command, from the central level (the Chief Veterinary Officer), to the field level of the VS in order to implement all national activities relevant for the Codes (i.e. surveillance, disease control and eradication, food safety and early detection and rapid response programmes).

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I-6. Coor dination capability of the V eterinar y Ser vices

B - External coordination

This CC reviews the capability of the VS to coordinate its resources and activities at all levels with other relevant authorities as appropriate, in order to implement all national activities relevant for OIE Codes (i.e. surveillance, disease control and eradication, food safety and early detection and rapid response programmes). This CC considers inter alia: - Coordination mechanisms with other authorities on area of joint responsibility; - Procedures and agreements with relevant competent authorities (may include those responsible for human health, security, customs, wildlife…).

II-3. Risk analysis

This CC reviews the authority and capability of the VS to base its risk management decisions on risk assessment. The CC considers inter alia: - Database of hazards relevant to animal health and food safety; - Database and procedures or tools used for risk analyses; - Documented risk management decision-making based on risk analyses.

III-6. P ar ticipation of pr oducers and other inter ested par ties in joint pr ogrammes

This CC reviews the capability of the VS and producers and interested parties to formulate and implement joint programmes in regard to animal health and food safety. This competency includes collaboration with relevant authorities, including other ministries and competent authorities, national agencies and decentralised institutions that share authorities or have mutual interest in relevant areas. The CC explores inter alia evidence of active involvement of producers and interested parties in the development, organization and delivery of programmes.

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DETEC T 3: REPOR TING JEE Indicators D.3.1 System for efficient r epor ting to F AO , OIE and WHO D.3.2 Repor ting network and pr otocols in countr y Ke y PVS Critical Competency Car ds to consult II-6. Emer gency r esponse

This CC reviews the authority and capability of the VS to respond rapidly to a sanitary emergency (such as a significant disease outbreak or food safety emergency). The CC considers inter alia: - Evidence that mandatory disease notification system operates effectively; - Evidence of simulation exercises.

IV -6. T ranspar ency

This CC reviews the authority and capability of the VS to notify the OIE of its sanitary status and other relevant matters (and to notify the WTO SPS Committee where applicable), in accordance with established procedures. The CC considers inter alia: - Procedures and organised mechanism for notifications to the OIE and other relevant international organisations (OIE focal points, Codex and WTO notification and enquiry points where applicable); - Knowledge of duties and obligations of membership.

Other r ele vant PVS Critical Competency Car ds I-6. Coor dination capability of the V eterinar y Ser vices

A - Internal coordination This CC reviews the capability of the VS to coordinate its resources and activities (public and private sectors) with a clear chain of command, from the central level (the Chief Veterinary Officer), to the field level of the VS in order to implement all national activities relevant for the Codes (i.e. surveillance, disease control and eradication, food safety and early detection and rapid response programmes).

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I-6. Coor dination capability of the V eterinar y Ser vices

II-5. Epidemiological sur

veillance and early warning

These CC review the authority and capability of the VS to determine, verify and report on the sanitary status of the animal populations, including wildlife, under their mandate. The CC considers inter alia: - The list of notifiable diseases; - Contacts in other agencies on relevant areas (e.g. food safety; zoonoses, emerging diseases, wildlife) and procedures for sharing relevant surveillance information; - Knowledge of OIE standard on surveillance, including reporting duties and procedures on suspicions and confirmed cases.

IV -2. Implementation of legislation and r egulations and compliance ther eof

This CC reviews the authority and capability of the VS to ensure compliance with legislation and regulations under the VS mandate. The CC considers inter alia: - The capacity of the VS to take legal action; - The formal agreement and standard procedures for collaboration with other relevant authorities.

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DETEC T 4: WORKFORCE DEVEL OPMEN T JEE Indicators D.4.1 A n up-to-date multisectoral workfor ce strategy is in place D.4.2 Human r esour ces ar e a vailable to eff ectiv ely implement IHR D.4.3 In-ser vice trainings ar e a vailable D.4.4 FETP or other applied epidemiology training pr ogramme is in place Ke y PVS Critical Competency Car ds to consult I-1. Pr of essional and technical staffing of the Veterinar

y Ser vices

A - Veterinary and other professionals B - Veterinary para-professionals and other technical personnel

This CC reviews the appropriate staffing of the VS to allow for veterinary and technical functions to be undertaken efficiently and effectively. The CC considers inter alia: - The number of vacant professional positions compared to the VS’ needs. - The approach for defining job descriptions, qualifications, experiences and formal appointment procedures; - The procedures for performance assessment and management; - The procedures for supervision of technical staff.

I-2. Competencies of veterinarians and v

eterinar y para-pr of essionals

A - Professional competencies of

veterinarians (including the OIE Day 1 competencies) B - Competencies of veterinary para-professionals

This CC reviews the capability of the VS to efficiently carry out their veterinary and technical functions, measured by the qualifications of their personnel in veterinary and technical positions. The CC considers

inter alia: - The curriculum of veterinary faculties, including education on public health and One health issues; - The curriculum of courses for veterinary para-professionals, and description of specialist qualifications and competencies; - The number of veterinarians holding postgraduate qualifications; - The number of para-veterinarians with specialist qualifications and competencies.

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I-3. Continuing education

This CC reviews the capability of the VS to maintain and improve the competence of their personnel in terms of relevant information and understanding; measured in terms of the implementation of a relevant training. The CC considers inter alia: - Existing training programmes for relevant staff and procedures for continuing education linked to functions or positions; including on trans-sectoral thematic and One Health topics; - Procedures for continuing education management and individual follow-up; - Existence of continuing professional development programmes.

Other r ele vant PVS Critical Competency Car ds I-8. Operational funding

I-11. Management of resour

ces and operations

This CC reviews the capability of the VS to document and manage their resources and operations in order to analyse, plan and improve both efficiency and effectiveness. The CC considersinter alia:: - Procedures for most operations and resources allocations (budgets, human resources); - PStrategic plan including analysis and regular updates.

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RESPONSE 1: PREP AREDNESS JEE Indicators R.1.1 Strategic emer gency risk assessments1 conducted and emer gency r esour ces identified and mapped R.1.2 National multisectoral multi-hazar d emer gency pr epar edness measur es, including emer gency r esponse plans2, ar e de veloped, implemented and tested Ke y PVS Critical Competency Car ds to consult I-9. Emer gency funding

This CC reviews the capability of the VS to access extraordinary financial resources in order to respond to emergency situations or emerging issues. The CC considers inter alia: - Funding of emergency operations including inter-institutional coordination; - Approval process for additional resources and financial arrangements (e.g. special funds).

II-6. Emer gency r esponse

This CC reviews the authority and capability of the VS to respond rapidly to a sanitary emergency (such as a significant disease outbreak or food safety emergency). The CC considers inter alia: - Physical and financial resources, available for emergency response; - Financial support and emergency equipment and consumables.

Other r ele vant PVS Critical Competency Car ds I-6. Coor dination capability of the V eterinar y Ser vices

A - Internal coordination

I-6. Coor dination capability of the V eterinar y Ser vices

This CC reviews the capability of the VS to coordinate its resources and activities at all levels with other relevant authorities as appropriate, in order to implement all national activities relevant for OIE Codes (i.e. surveillance, disease control and eradication, food safety and early detection and rapid response programmes). This includesinter alia: - Coordination mechanisms with other authorities on area of joint responsibility; - Procedures and agreements with relevant competent authorities (may include those responsible for human health, security, customs, wildlife…).

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I-7. Physical r esour ces

I-7. Physical resources I-11. Management of resources and operations

I-11. Management of resour

ces and operations

This CC reviews the capability of the VS to document and manage their resources and operations in order to analyse, plan and improve both efficiency and effectiveness. The CC considers inter alia: - Procedures for most operations and resources allocations (budgets, physical and/or human resources); - Strategic plan including analysis and planning.

II-3. Risk analysis

This CC reviews the authority and capability of the VS to base its risk management decisions on risk assessment. The CC considers inter alia: - Database of hazards relevant to animal health and food safety; - Database and procedures or tools used for risk analyses; - Documented risk management decision-making based on risk analyses.

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RESPONSE 2: EMERGENCY RESPONSE OPERA TIONS JEE Indicators R.2.1 Emer gency r esponse coor dination R.2.2 Emer gency operations centr e (EOC ) capacities, pr ocedur es and plans R.2.3 Emer gency ex er cise management pr ogramme Ke y PVS Critical Competency Car ds to consult I-9. Emer gency funding

This CC reviews the capability of the VS to access extraordinary financial resources in order to respond to emergency situations or emerging issues. The CC considers inter alia: - Funding of emergency operations including inter-institutional coordination; - Approval process for additional resources and financial arrangements (e.g. special funds).

II-6. Emer gency r esponse

This CC reviews the authority and capability of the VS to respond rapidly to a sanitary emergency (such as a significant disease outbreak or food safety emergency). The CC considers inter alia: - Network of human and physical resources available for emergency - Documented chain of command, and evidence of effective coordination of response activities (including with other authorities); - Procedures that identify roles and responsibilities of different parties for emergency response; - Specific trainings; - Evidence of simulation exercises and pre-established communication procedures; - Financial support and emergency equipment and consumables.

II-7. Disease pr ev ention, contr ol and eradication

This CC reviews the authority and capability of the VS to actively perform actions to prevent, control or eradicate OIE listed diseases and/or to demonstrate that the country or a zone are free of relevant diseases. This CC considersinter alia: - The prevention, control and eradication programmes to be conducted in collaboration with relevant parties and beneficiaries; - The procedures and/or protocols on roles and responsibilities of different parties.

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Other r ele vant PVS Critical Competency Car ds I-6. Coor dination capability of the V eterinar y Ser vices

A - Internal coordination

I-6. Coor dination capability of the V eterinar y Ser vices

This CC reviews the capability of the VS to coordinate its resources and activities at all levels with other relevant authorities as appropriate, in order to implement all national activities relevant for OIE Codes (i.e. surveillance, disease control and eradication, food safety and early detection and rapid response programmes). This includes inter alia: - Coordination mechanisms with other authorities on area of joint responsibility; - Procedures and agreements with relevant competent authorities (may include those responsible for human health, security, customs, wildlife…).

I-7. Physical r esour ces

This CC reviews the access of the VS to relevant physical resources including buildings, transport, telecommunications, cold chain, and other relevant equipment.

HANDBOOK FOR THE INTEGRATION OF THE OIE PERFORMANCE OF VETERINARY SERVICES RESULTS INTO THE JOINT EXTERNAL EVALUATION PROCESS

HANDBOOK

FOR THE INTEGRATION OF THE OIE PERFORMANCE OF VETERINARY SERVICES RESULTS INTO THE JOINT

EXTERNAL EVALUATION PROCESS

Related to the 2

Edition of the JEE tool

and Sixth edition (2013) of the OIE PVS Tool

HANDBOOK

FOR THE INTEGRATION OF THE OIE PERFORMANCE OF VETERINARY SERVICES RESULTS INTO THE JOINT

EXTERNAL EVALUATION PROCESS

TABLE OF CONTENTS

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

CONTEXT

OBJECTIVE OF THE HANDBOOK

CONTENT OF THE HANDBOOK

INDICATORS IN THE JOINT EXTERNAL EVALUATION TOOL AND ASSOCIATED CRITICAL COMPETENCIES IN THE PVS

EVALUATION REPORTS

I-9. Emer gency funding

IV -1. Pr eparation of legislation and r egulations

IV -2. Implementation of legislation and r egulations and compliance ther eof

Other r ele vant PVS Critical Competency Car ds I-5. Stability of structur es and sustainability of policies

I-10. Capital inv estment

IV -3. International harmonisation

I-6. Coor dination capability of the V eterinar y Ser vices

III-2. Consultation with inter ested par ties

Other r ele vant PVS Critical Competency Car ds III-1. Communications

III-3. Official r epr esentation

III-6. P ar ticipation of pr oducers and other inter ested par ties in joint pr ogrammes

III-9. V eterinar y medicines and biologicals

II-10. Residue testing

III-3. Official r epr esentation

Other r ele vant PVS Critical Competency Car ds II-2. Laborator y quality assurance

I-6. Coor dination capability of the V eterinar y Ser vices

II-1. V eterinar y laborator y diagnosis

II-1. V eterinar y laborator y diagnosis

II-5. Epidemiological sur

veillance and early warning

II-6. Emer gency r esponse

PREVEN T 4: Z OON OTIC DISEASES (2/2) II-7. Disease pr ev ention, contr ol and eradication

Other r ele vant PVS Critical Competency Car ds I-8. Operational funding

II-2. Laborator y quality assurance

II-3. Risk analysis

I-6. Coor dination capability of the V eterinar y Ser vices

II-1. V eterinar y laborator y diagnosis

II-5. Epidemiological sur

veillance and early warning

II-8. F ood saf ety

II-8. F ood saf ety

II-8. F ood saf ety

PREVEN T 5: FOOD SAFET Y (2/2) II-10. Residue testing

II-12. Identification and traceability

.

Other r ele vant PVS Critical Competency Car ds II-2. Laborator y quality assurance

II-3. Risk analysis

II-2. Laborator y quality assurance

Other r ele vant PVS Critical Competency Car ds II-7. Disease pr ev ention, contr ol and eradication

PREVEN T 7: IMMUNIZ ATION

II-1. V eterinar y laborator y diagnosis

II-2. Laborator y quality assurance

Other r ele vant PVS Critical Competency Car ds II-10. Residue testing

DETEC T 2: REAL TIME SUR VEILL ANCE JEE Indicators D.2.1 Sur veillance systems D.2.2 Use of electr onic tools D.2.3 A nalysis of sur veillance data Ke y PVS Critical Competency Car ds to consult II-5. Epidemiological sur

veillance and early detection

Other r ele vant PVS Critical Competency Car ds I-6. Coor dination capability of the V eterinar y Ser vices

I-6. Coor dination capability of the V eterinar y Ser vices

II-3. Risk analysis

III-6. P ar ticipation of pr oducers and other inter ested par ties in joint pr ogrammes

DETEC T 3: REPOR TING JEE Indicators D.3.1 System for efficient r epor ting to F AO , OIE and WHO D.3.2 Repor ting network and pr otocols in countr y Ke y PVS Critical Competency Car ds to consult II-6. Emer gency r esponse

IV -6. T ranspar ency

Other r ele vant PVS Critical Competency Car ds I-6. Coor dination capability of the V eterinar y Ser vices

I-6. Coor dination capability of the V eterinar y Ser vices

II-5. Epidemiological sur

veillance and early warning

IV -2. Implementation of legislation and r egulations and compliance ther eof

y Ser vices

I-2. Competencies of veterinarians and v

eterinar y para-pr of essionals

I-3. Continuing education

Other r ele vant PVS Critical Competency Car ds I-8. Operational funding

I-11. Management of resour

ces and operations