Census financing and the role of the external support

UNITED NATIONS

ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COUNCIL

n

Distr.;

LIMITED

ECA/STAT/WG/PHC/95/19 22 January 1996

Original: ENGLISH ECONOMIC COMMISSION FOR AFRICA

Regional Working Group on Recommendations for the 2000 Round of Population and Housing Censuses in Africa 22-26 January 1996

Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

CENSUS FINANCING AND THE ROLE OF THE EXTERNAL SUPPORT

BY

DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMIC AND SOCUL INFORMATION AND POLICY ANALYSIS (DESIPA)

ECONOMIC COMMISSION FOR AFRICA

Regional Working Group on Rec.mo.enW.onsfrf 2000 Round of Population and Hous.ng Censuses m Afnca

Addis Ahaha. 22 to 26 January 1996

CENSUS FINANCING AND THE ROLE OF

EXTERNAL SUPPORT

Paper prepared by:

Statistics Division

Department for Economic and Social Information

and Policy Analysis (DESIPA),

United Nations, New York

SSi1SSi---'*-«i*-

1. Introduction

In addition to other sources of statistical data, population and housing censuses are essential for the study and evaluation of the social and economic situation of countries. Census

results are necessary for the formulation of economic and social development policies and

programmes, especially in the Africa region, including employment, education, urbanization, housing, and public health.

The population and housing censuses provide necessary data for the analysis and appraisal of the growth of the population as well as the degree of urbanization, the spatial distribution of

the population according to such variables as education and occupation, the changes in sex and age structure of the population, the mortality and fertility differentials for various population groups, and so on. Furthermore, accurate information on the size of the population by gender and by administrative division of the country is the basis for estimating consumer demands for a variety of goods and services such as housing, food, transportation, education, etc. Census data also provide a benchmark for current demographic statistics and a frame for sample surveys in demographic and other fields, as well as for other statistical and demographic research.

To undertake a population census is a very expensive operation for any country, regardless of the size of the population. Census financing has been a major problem in many African countries. Fortunately, external assistance has been available for the last three decades, primarily from the United Nations. Since the inception of UNFPA in 1969, this funding agency has been in the fore front in providing technical assistance for the population censuses in

developing countries, particularly in Africa. During the last decade other agencies like the World

Bank, European Union and bilateral institutions have also contributed in providing assistance for population census projects in developing countries.

2. Population census activities in the African Region since 1945

Out of the 53 countries in the region, the number of countries that have carried out population census activities during the past several decades can be summarized as follows:

Census Decade

1945-1954 1955-1964 1965-1974

!975-!984 1985-1994

Number of countries

17 22 27 42 43

For the hrst time ever

J

16 1

The above data show that in the 1950 round (1945-1954) and the 1960 round (1955- 1964) less than half of the countries conducted censuses. In the 1970 round (1965 - 1974), there have been some increase in the number of countries that had conducted censuses. During the

1960 round of censuses, a number of countries gained independence from the colonial rule. These countries felt a dire need for accurate population and other data for effective economic

development planning. In the next decade, the 1970 round of censuses, only a slight increase was observed, and most importantly, 4 countries conducted censuses for the first time ever.

Unfortunately, most of the newly independent countries did not have financial and technical resources to undertake a large-scale nationwide statistical activity such as population census, despite its paramount need.

The African Census Programme (ACP) was established in 1970 in response to requests from African Governments for technical and financial assistance to enable them to participate in the 1970 round of population censuses. Assistance was provided to 22 countries, including Benin, Burkina Faso. Burundi, Cameroon, the Central African Republic, Chad, Congo, Cote d'lvoire, Ethiopia. Gambia, Liberia, Libya, Madagascar, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia and Sudan. But not all these countries were able to carry out their censuses in the 1970 round. The development objective of the ACP was to enable these African countries to have the technical expertise to carry out future censuses without recourse to internationally recruited experts \J.

Due to delays, some of the 22 countries carried out their censuses during the 1980 round.

Chad could not participate in either the 1970 or 1980 round because of internal strife and

conducted its first census in 1993. Nigeria canceled its 1973 census results, because of suspected widespread falsification and did not take a census in the 1980 round but conducted a census in

991.

During the 1990 round of censuses (1985 - 1994), 43 countries in the region conducted a population census. According to our record, the following countries did not conduct a census in

1990 round: Angola, Cr ■ :o, Eritrea, Ghana, Guinea. Liberia, Libya, Mozambique, Tunisia, and Zaire.

The ACP encountered serious initial problems because the programme had assumed that all 22 countries would be covered by 1974. This implied the recruitment and deployment of a large number of census experts in different fields such as cartography, organization, data

processing, sampling, education/publicity and analysis. There was an average of eight months time lag between the identification of the need for an expert and the fielding of that expert JV.

This does not mean that the ACP was a failure. It had its successes in various fields, especially in the training of local staff. So successful was the training programme that it was expected that very few internationally recruited experts would be needed for the 1980 round of population censuses in Africa. Unfortunately, that expectation had not taken account of the transfer and brain drain from national statistical offices 21.

In spite of the fact that the ACP had encountered several difficulties, the programme achieved significant results, such as; a) encouraging countries to conduct population censuses,

especially countries that had never taken a census before; b) improving national statistical office

capabilities by training national personnel; c) providing key equipment (cartographic, printing, data processing, office equipment and vehicles); d) accelerating the data processmg, publication and dissemination of census results; and e) improving the analysis and utilization of the data collected.

Notwithstanding, the weakness in the institutional capability to organize and execute

population censuses is still a persistent problem in numerous countries. This involves the limited

number of technical personnel, a high turnover of personnel and a lack of effectively organized census units/sections on a permanent basis.

Turning to the census activities, data processing continues to be the most critical of all.

Although some advancements have been achieved through the provision of better data processing equipment and software packages, and training programmes to upgrade the capability and number of national personnel, the problem persists. In addition, cartographic work and census data analysis also need special attention. Demographic analysis of census data should be put in the proper context right from the start of census planning.

3. External assistance to population censuses, 1969-1994 at UNFPA assistance

Since the inception of UNFPA in 1969, the United Nations assistance to population

censuses in developing countries has been very significant. There have been countries which

would have not been able to conduct population censuses without the UNFPA's assistance,

particularly those that were taking their census for the first time after their independence and had no expertise or experience in their statistical organization to conduct such a targe statistical

operation.

In the 1970 round, 16 countries in Africa received assistance from UNFPA to. carry out their census. In the 1980 round 41 countries received assistance and in the 1990 round 42 countries received assistance from UNFPA. Three countries, Congo, Mozambique and Zaire did not take a full census while technical assistance projects in population census activities were recorded. Among the 42 countries, 9 countries had received UNFPA assistance for three censuses and 30 countries received assistance for two censuses during the last three census decades. South Africa had not received technical assistance during the past decades. The ne\; census of South .Africa will be in November this year, for which technical assistance is being provided by UNFPA.

During the 1990 round, the UNFPA assistance for censuses in Africa has amounted to

S48.3 million which came from its regular budget and multi-bi sources. This amount does not

include UNFPA-supported projects to the following countries in .Africa: .Algeria, Djibouti, Egypt, Libya. Morocco, Somalia. Sudan and Tunisia. In this round, UNSD executed population census projects in Egypt: S752.019; Somalia:$l, 169,205 and Sudan:$677,287, for a total $2.6 million.

In addition, UNFPA provided funds for regional support in advisory services and census training programme in Sub-Saharan Africa, in the amount of 7.4 million, including $2.2 million multi-bi fund from the Government of Canada. The total amount of UNFPA assistance in the 1990 round is. therefore, at least $58.3 million.

In comparison, the total UNFPA assistance to population censuses to countries in the African region, excluding the above-mentioned eight countries, during the 1980 round was $39.9 million. This amount does not include UNFPA assistance for regional activities, which amounted to about $6.2 million. The above amounts shows that during the 1990 round the UNFPA

assistance to population censuses in Africa has continued to increase. Since 1969 to 1994, it is estimated that UNFPA provided a total of about SI 20 million for population census activities in Africa.

Table 1. UNFPA Assistance for Population Census Projects in Africa1)

Personnel Sub-contract Training Equipment Others Total:

1975-1984 (in thousand US$)

(1)

22,586.7 328.2 1,912.1 11,821.5 3,188.1 39,853.7

% (2)

56.7 0.8 4.8 29.7 8.0 100

1985-1994 (in thousand US$)

(3)

21,489.8 593.7 4.888.7 15,648.6 5,686.9 48.307.8

% (4)

44.5 1.2 10.1 32.4 11.8 100

% Change (Col.4/Col.2).

(5)

78.5 150.0 210.4 109.1 147.5

Source: UNFPA

]) Does not include UNFPA assistance to Algeria. Djibouti. Egypt, Libya, Morocco, Somalia,

Sudan and Tunisia.

Table 1. above gives comparisons of UNFPA assistance to countries in the Sub-Saharan Africa, by components, in the 1980 and 1990 rounds of censuses. The table shows that, in the

1990 round, the proportion of expenses on personnel decreased by 21.5% as compared to that in the 1980 round, while proportion of assistance for all other components has increased. The proportion of assistance for training component in 1990 round has more than doubled. This shows that by the end of 1990 round, many countries have acquired substantial technical

capabilities, both from abroad and within the country in census taking during the last two or three

decades. However, as mentioned earlier, the staff turn over and brain drain have continued to be a major problem in many countries.

The percentage assistance for personnel in Table I was not broken down by

"international" and "local" personnel. In some countries, where there was no long-term international personnel, under this component, assistance was provided for payment of local personnel, including, in some cases, enumerators, supervisors, coders, editors, data entry operators, etc. Therefore, while the percentage had declined, personnel component was still dominating the technical assistance during the 1990 decade.

The percentage for equipment component has increased slightly in the 1990 round. In the 1990 round, the types of data processing equipment procured have been microcomputers

compared to the previous decade which still predominantly relied on mainframe computers. Since there has been a declining cost of computer equipment, the impact of slight increase in the

UNFPA assistance has been a) reduced duration of data processing time required to process the census and b) a higher quality of the outputs, through provision of more powerful and more versatile hardware and software .

As regard the miscellaneous component, there has also been an increase in the 1990 round as compared to the 1980 round from 8% to 12 % of the overall assistance. This component consists of operation and maintenance of the equipment, report and printing and sundry costs. It is suspected that budget line for "report and printing" has been mainly the cause of the increase.

In particular, during the 1990 round there have been increasing requests for assistance in the procurement of paper and the provision of printing costs for census questionnaires and other forms. There has also been a significant increase in the cost of printing paper compared to last decade.

b) Other sources of assistance

In addition to UNFPA sources, during the 1990 round of censuses, UNDP contributed more than $6.9 million in nine countries in Africa. These are: Benin, Central African Republic, Chad, Madagascar, Mali. Niger, Rwanda. Uganda and Zambia. The World Bank also has

contributed to the census costs in several countries. It is not clear, however, whether these costs are direct assistance or loans to the Government.

Bilateral sources, such as France. Sweden (SIDA), the Netherlands, the United Kingdom (ODA), USAID, etc. also contributed to the technical support for census activities in the region.

Unfortunately, detailed data are not available on those assistance. UNSD executed census projects from some of the above sources amounting to about $6.6 million. -

4. Role of external assistance to censuses in Africa

In 1994, the UN Statistics Division sent out a Questionnaire to all national statistical organization to collect information on population and housing censuses carried out from 1985 to

1994. Among the information collected in this Questionnaire is census cost. The national statistical or census organizations were requested to till out the estimated total census

expenditures in local currency and its equivalent in US Dollar. Thirty three countries in Africa provided answers to this question.

Some countries only provided the cost in local currency. In such cases estimates in US dollars have been calculated based on the prevailing exchange rate in the respective years as provided in the Monthly Bulletin of Statistics published by the United Nations. While it is understood that some of those figures might be very rough estimates of census costs,

nevertheless, they are useful in assessing the financing of the census projects in the region. It was explained in the questionnaire that the total expenditure should include all sources of funds including central government, local government, and other sources. It is unclear, however, whether external assistance has been included in this census cost in all cases. For the purpose of assessing the role of external assistance in the census financing, it is assumed that external assistance has been included. See Table 2.

Table 2. shows that in the 33 countries in Africa, for which data on census costs are available, comparison with the external inputs from the United Nations assistance (UNFPA, Multi-bi and UNDP) were made. In total, this assistance during 1990 round of censuses

amounting to about 37% of the overall census costs. As mentioned above, there are many other external sources, particularly from bilateral assistance, for which data are not available.

As an example, according to information in the UNSD's file, Gabon received bilateral assistance from several donors, including France, Belgium, Japan, Spain. European Union, etc., which amounted to more than 900 million CFA francs or $1.7 million or 75% of the total census cost. However. UNFPA contribution of $74,053 was only 3.22% of the census cost. In view of this, it is therefore suggested that the figures on external assistance in this table should be

considered only as partial assistance, where the source of funds is the United Nations, which include UNFPA (both Regular and Multi-bi sources) and UNDP sources.

As expected, the table shows that the proportion of the United Nations assistance to the population censuses during the last decade has been varied from country to country, ranging from around 4% in Egypt to more than 95% in the Gambia. Out of the 33 countries for which

information are available, 20 countries received more than 40% of the total census cost from the United Nations sources. Among these, 15 countries received more than 50% and 7 countries received more than 75% of their census cost.

Table 2. Census costs and United Nations Technical Assistance during the 1990 Population Census Round (1985-1994)

1

1

2 :- 4

6

s

9

10 il 12 13 14 15 16

i -

■8 19 2>)

Z-i

:o 30

?]

"\ i

33

Country

or area

-

Census Year

->

Benin 1992

Botswana 1991

Burkina Faso 1985

Burundi 1990

Cameroon 1987

Cape Verde' 1990

Cenral Afr. Rep. 1988

Chad 1993

Comoros 1991

Cotedivoire 1988

Egypt 1986

Ethiopia 1994

Gabon 1992

Gambia 1993

Guinea-Bissau 1991

Kenya 1989

Madagascar 1993

Malawi 1987

Mali 1987

Mauritania 1988

Mauritius 1990

Vamibia 1991

Vigor 1988

Rwanda 1991

Sao Tome &. Principe j 991

Senegal 1988

Seychelles 1987

Somalia 1987

Sudan 1993

Swaziland 1986

I'ganda 1991

/.amhia 1990

Zimbabwe 1992

>1" 33 Countries 47

Census costs in local currency ±1 ( in thousands of currency units)

4 5

1.300.000.0 CFA francs

<>. 797.1 Pulax 708.694.3 CFA francs 780.249.0 Bur. francs 3.425,596- 0 (. TA francs

164.605.1 Escttdos 960.000.0 CFA francs 2.498.605.3 CFA francs 513.6044 Com. francs 3.500.000.0 CFA francs

47.650.0 Pounds 17.600.0 Birrs 1,197.615.0 CFAfraws

13.557.3 Dalasis 267.876.0 Pesos 2S4.708.6 Shillings 10.000.000.0 .V faig. francs

13.306.9 Kwachas 1.650.936.3 CFA francs

320.000.0 Ouguiyas 25.000.0 Rupees 11.4642 Rands 25.500.000.0 (:FA francs

1.250.000.0 Francs 6S5.393.8 Dobras 1.842.500.0 CFA francs

305.5 . Rupees 9.911,825.0 Som. dollars

300.000.0 Pounds 1.363. 7 Emalangenis 4. 700,000.0 Xew shillings

190.259,2 Kwac/uts 76.O12.S Zun. dollars

Census costs (in thousands of

U.S. dollars) V 6

4.400.0 3.747.4 1.771.7 3.121.0 5.906.2 2.180.2 3.398.7 4.502.0 1.873.1 12.764.4 20.400.0 2.810.0 2.303.1

1.457.8

! .797.7 4.366.7 2.681.0 3.168.3 3.512.6 4.000 0 1.600.0 4.094.3 9.272.7 5.000.0 569.7 6.700.0 61.1 1.982.4 1.500.0 611.7 13.400.0 10.500.0 9.489.7 154.943.7

Tech. Assistance (INFPA/rNDPl (in thousands of t .S. dollars 13/

7

3?435.3 1.337.1 989.0 816.3 131.0 1.383.2 2.313.9 2.180.5 766.9 831.6 752.0 2379.6 74.1 1.392.2 1.640.2 1.825.9 2.263.8 585.7 1.479.0 880.0 582.4 2.353.5 1,880.6 4.072.7 463.1 775.8 23.2 1,169.2 677.3 414.2 9,592.6 5.253.8 1.568.0 57.413.9

Techncl.

Assistnce (as % )

8

78.08 35.68 55.82 26.16 21.35 63.44 68.08 48.43 40.94 6.51 3.69 84.68 3.22 95.50 91.24 41.81 84.44 18.49 42.11 22.00 36.40 57.48 20.28 81.45 81.30 11.58 37.92 58.98 45.15 67.71 71.59 50.04 16.52

37.05 Remarks: i - Census costs as reported by the naiional statistical organizations to IJNSI) in the 199(1 census round Questionnaire

Z - Census costs in US dollars either as reported bv (he national statistical organizations or estimated by annual exchange rates 3 - Technical assistance Tor population census projects Irom UNH'A. UNDP and other UN agencies

4 - Comparable data are available onlv lor 33 countries

From these figures, it is obvious that United Nations assistance, particularly UNFPA, as well as other sources of assistance have played a very significant role in the financing of population censuses in the 1990 round, for countries in Africa. More importantly, external assistance are always in hard currency which provided the most needed equipment, supplies and technical expertise which normally have to be imported. Although some bilateral assistance can only be used to procure or hire

consultants from the donor countries, nevertheless, such assistance were valuable to the success of the

census project.

5. Changes in the technical cooperation ai Changes in technicalcooperation arrangement

During the past four years, the amount of United Nations technical assistance in statistics, as reported to the 28th session of the UN Statistical Commission in February/March 1995, has been declining 3./, see Tables 3 and 4. These figures retlect the amount of funds allocated for the overall technical cooperation in statistics from 1991 to 1994. It should be indicated that in 1994, the amount is about half of that allocated in 1991.

The decline in the ftinding of technical assistance in statistics reported by the United Nations systems, as shown in this table, was panly caused by the changes which have been effected since 1991 in the execution and implementation of technical cooperation projects. In the area of population, the General Assembly resolution 44/211 4/ and the UNDP and UNFPA Governing Council decision 91/37 calls for the maximum use of national and regional capacities in population activities and Governments to assume the management of the UNFPA-funded programmes and projects 5/. In this context, the amount of funds that channeled through the United Nations Secretariat, including the Regional Commissions, has declined.

In addition, both UNFPA and UNDP have adopted decentralization of projects approval to their country's representatives, which has resulted in the restructuring of technical cooperation activities in the UN Statistics Division and in the Regional Commissions. The elimination of technical advisory services at the Headquarters means that UNSD will no longer be in the position to execute many population census projects and provide technical backstopping of these projects as in the past.

At the same time, in order to strengthen the technical advisory services to the population projects in the countries, UNFPA established the Country Support Teams, and pooled the regional technical advisorv services, including those in population censuses, which in the past were located at the Regional Commission premisses.

Moreover, the above change, should not, in general, affect the amount of funds provided to developing countries for various programmes and projects. In the new system, project approval will be largely made by UNFPA Representative in the country which should be more advantages to the Government, since the Government will be closer to the decision making authority. On the other hand, at the country levei. there will be many competing projects submitted by the Government, and population census may not be in the high priority of the overall UNFPA country programme. It is understandable that, after providing assistance of several censuses in the past, UNFPA would scale down their level of assistance to this activity. This means that technical capacity for organizing large scale data collection activities has been developed in the national statistical and census offices. From

the past experience. Government funding commitment to the population census project would always t be helprul in securing UNFPA's and other external assistance.

In view of the above changes in the arrangement of technical cooperation in the United

' Nations, there will be an apparent reduction in direct involvement of the UN Statistics Division and the Statistics Division of the Regional Commission in assisting developing countries for their census projects. However, this reduction of technical cooperation activities should not be interpreted that the role of international assistance in the 2000 round of population census activities in the developing countries- particularly in Africa, will be diminished. But rather to be interpreted as taking a different

approach.

b) Follow up of the ICPD Programme of Action

In addition to the above changes, there have been changes in the focus of UNFPA assistance, which emphasizes multi-sectoral approach as proposed in the ICPD Programme of Action. In the past, UNFPA assistance was implemented according to eight programme categories, in which basic data collection is one of the programme categories. The post-Cairo UNFPA assistance will now be in three core areas, i.e. a) reproductive health including family planning and sexual health; b) population and development strategy; and c) advocacy 6/. The new approach has classified the support for data collection activities as pan of the second core area, population and development strategy.

The new emphasis following the ICPD Programme of Action (ICPD/POA) has resulted in the adjustments in the priorities of UNFPA programme in the countries, which places women at the centre of the population and development and reproductive and sexual health to be at the heart of the

population agenda. This change of priorities has required a major shift of focus in the UNFPA

proeramme policy guidelines and involved more integrated approach and gender concerns as a cross- cutting dimension. In the area of basic data collection, there will also be a shift in the UNFPA

support. In particular, UNFPA will take the lead in ensuring that donor agencies provide technical and financial assistance within the common framework based on national needs requirements (UNFPA

1995). Population census results, will not only be needed for planning and monitoring population proaramme. but also for other areas of social and economic development, and therefore other donor agencies should also contribute assistance for the population census project.

The new approach will require data and information for the programme design and monitoring.

With the limited resources and competing demands. UNFPA would seek (a) innovative

approaches/methodologies (i.e. simplified mapping) for the design and processing of census and to minimize costs; (b) the establishment of data bank to facilitate retrieval and monitor trends and for effective data management; C timely analysis, dissemination and utilization of data; and (d) building up national and sub-national capability through training 7/. It is very important that statistical concepts and indicators should for the census reflect gender dimensions properly and that disaggregation of information by sex is always made.

In view of the shift from data collection to comprehensive national population data and information systems, the ability of the Government to reflect population census activities in the new approach, in the preparation of the overall population and sustainable development strategy in the

country to be submitted to UNFPA for assistance will be crucial. Within this framework, in the

UNFPA Global Meeting in June 1995, it was recommended that UNFPA should make population data

10

and information systems relevant to the needs of monitoring the ICPD/POA and other UN-sponsored international conferences, a thorough revision of the statistical data collection systems in the countries is needed, identifying duplications, overlapping areas, gaps in data coverage while reviewing the compatibility and equivalence of concepts, indicators and classification systems (Recommendation 3 12) II. Further, it was recommended that UNFPA should provide continued support for population and housing censuses and vital registration system according to the needs of countries, taking into account their level of existing expertise {Recommendation 3.17) II. The above changes, therefore, does not necessarily imply that there will be any reduction in the amount of funds which UNFPA and other donor would provide to support population censuses in the developing countnes in Africa in the future.

References:

\J United Nations Economic Commission for Africa, i4A Strategy for Statistical Development in Africa in the 1990s". Consultant's Report to the ECA Working Group on the mplementation of the Addis Ababa Plan of Action for Statistical Development in Africa in the 1990s, Nairobi, Kenya, 16-20 July 1991.

2/ United Nations Department for Economic and Social Information and Policy Analysis, Statistical Division. "Census Training Programme for Sub-Saharan Africa - Final Report of Project RAF/87/P03". New York. June 1995.

3/ United Nations Economic and Social Commission, 'Technical Cooperation in Statistics - Report of the Secretary-General", Statistical Commission, Twenty-eighth session (Document:

E/CN.3/1995/21), New York, 27 February-3 March 1995.

4/ United Nations General Assembly Official Record: 44th Session (19 September to 29 December 1989). Supplement No.49(A/44/49) pp. 133-137, New York.

5J United Nations Population Fund, "UNFPA Technical Support Services Arrangement - Report of the Executive Director", Executive Board of the UNDP and UNFPA, Third regular session

1995, New York, 11-15 September 1995.

6/ United Nations Population Fund. '"Programme Priorities and Future Directions of UNFPA in li. it of the International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD) - Report of the Executive Director". Executive Board of the UNDP and UNFPA. Annual session. New York, 5-16 June 1995.

7/ United Nations Population Fund. "Report of the UNFPA Global Meeting - Preparing for the 21st Century: Meeting the challenges of Cairo". New York, 18-21 June 1995.

11

Table 3. Unrted Nations Technical Assistance in Statistics, by organizastion and by major subject area (In thousands of U.S. dollars)

0

Organization

*

United Nations Secretariat ECA

WHO FAO UNESCO ILO UPU

United Nations Secretariat ECA

WHO FAO UNESCO ILO UPU

United Nations Secretariat ECA

WHO FAO UNESCO 10 UPU

United Nations Secretariat ECA

WHO FAO UNESCO ILO UPU

Notes: a/ United b/ Health

Year TOTAL

1991 a/ 30377 26760

2356

9802 14800 623 778 92

1992 a/ 19306 16876 1073

8740 9096 1037 831 7

1993 a/ 17716 15499 1001

10536 9809 723 684 46 e/

1994 a/ 17658 14731 1262

9767 9131 723 684 46

Demographic Statistics

Total

Population

censuses

Dem -Soc

statistics

Cartography Ct'asus. surveys

Sampling

& surveys

19920

18192 13514 4059 467 152

1151

0 0 0 0 0

12593

11523 7514 3334 529 146

796

0 0 0 0 0

10831

9798 6192 3262 305 39

720

0 0 0 0 0

13446

11589 6414 4736 305 134

975

0 0 0 0 0

Nations Secretariat and regional commissions, excluding ECLAC statistics related to epidemiology, health services, health resources [WHO c/ Educational, technological and culture-related areas [UNESCO]

d/ Labour statistics [ILO]

e/ Estimates based on the 1994 budget at the beginning of the year

Source: Unrted Nations document E/CN.3/1995/21 (Table A.4.), New York, 20 Decembe

Data processing, informatics

4322 3943 229

302 3040 0 0 58

1738 1372 176

0 1365 0 0 0

1818 1435 178

180 1603 0 0 58

1052 534 182

10 1747 0 0 58

r1994

Nat.

Accts

& Econ.

statistics

3821 3294 163

0 0 0 0 0

3308 2748 101

0 2270 0 0 0

2520 2054 103

0 3355 0 0 0

2321 1571 105

0 3345 0 0 0

Multi- sectoral statistics

1331 1331 0

0 11760 0 0 0

1277 1233 0

0 5461

0 0 0

2255 2212 0

0 4851 0 0 0

759 677 0

0 4039 0 0 0

Other

983 0 813

b/ 9500 0 c/ 623 d/ 778 34

390 0 0

b/ 8740 0 c/ 1037 d/ 831 7

292 0 0

b/10356 0 c/ 723 d/ 684 46

80 0 0

b/ 9757 0 c/ 723 d/ 684 46

Table 4. United Nations Technical Assistance in Statistics by major budget components (In thousands of U.S. dollars and in %) Organization

United Nations Secretariat ECA ECE ESCAP ESCWA ECLAC United Nations

Other 5 org-s

United Nations Secretariat ECA

United Nations Secretariat ECA

United Nations Secretariat ECA

United Nations Secretariat ECA

United Nations

Secretariat

ECA

Year

1991-94

1991-94

1991-94

1991

1992

1993

d 1994

1991 1992 1993 d 1Q94

1991 1992 1993 c/ 1994

1991 1992 1993 c/ 1994

Total Personnel a/

86079 73506 5692 0 853 408 203

86079 100.00

87991 100.00

100.00 100.00 100.00

100.00 100.00 100.00

100.00 100.00 100.00

100.00 100.00 100.00

100.00 63.83 58.63 59.02

100.00 63.06 57.92 53.70

100.00 45.54 42.49 53.56

16476 6883 5212

638 408 101

16476 19.14

18396 20.91

16.75 7.85 79.63

20.29 12.10 100.00

19.81 10.57 100.00

21.28 7.65 100.00

100.00 77.30 69.30 74.98

100 00 97.38 78.00 52.38

100.00 57.20 53 36 67.27

Field Training Equipment

staff b/

36929 36332 3

15

36929 42.90

35257 40.07

35 68 41.86 0.13

50.89 57.98

50.22 57 21

37.53 45.10

100.00 83.55 80.25 60.39

100.00 87.36 79.17 57.37 100.00

11789 9786 200 215 83

11789 13.70

13757 15.63

13.52 13.58 8.49

10.50 8.77

10.55 10.12

20.58 21.59

100.00 49.60 45.78 89.86

100.00 40.72 43.16 85.33 100.00

13789 13686 17

13789 16.02

9514 10.81

22.49 25.62 0.72

11.98 13.85

12.54 14.17

12.89 15.96

100.00 34.02 32.71 33.83

100.00 34.09 32.02 33.43

100.00

Notes: a/ United Nations Secretariat regional commissions

b/ Not including training provided by interregional, regional and technical advisers or protect staff: such expenditure is included under personnel and field staff d Estimates based on the 1994 budget at the beginning of the year

Source: United Nations document E/CN 3/1995/21 New York, 20 December 1994

Other

7096 6819 260

4

7096 8.24

11067 12.58

10.56 11 09 11.03

6.34 7.30

6.88 7.93

7.72 9.70

100.00 38.36 38.14 43.19

100.00 41.44 41.44 47.03 100.00