Chromosome constitution of a hybrid between East African Buffalo (Syncerus caffer caffer) and Dwarf Forest Buffalo (Syncerus caffer nanus)

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Chromosome constitution of a hybrid between East

African Buffalo (Syncerus caffer caffer) and Dwarf

Forest Buffalo (Syncerus caffer nanus)

Edmond Cribiu, C.P. Popescu

To cite this version:

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NOTE

Chromosome constitution of

a

hybrid

between East African

Buffalo

_(Syncerus

_caffer

_caffer)

and Dwarf Forest Buffalo

(Syncerus caffer nanus)

E. P. CRIBIU C. P. POPESCU

Jeanine BOSCHER

Laboratoire de Cytogénétique UNGEIA-LN.R.A.,

Centre national de Recherches _{zootechniques,}LN.R.A., .,

F ₇₈₃₅₀ _{Jouy-en-Josas (Prance)}

Summary

The chromosome constitution of a male hybrid of first backcross between a female Fi

East African X Dwarf African Buffalo _{(Syncerus cafler cagey}X Syncerus catfer nanus) and a

male Dwarf Forest Buffalo (Syncerus cagey nanus) had a chromosome number of 53 : zi

acro-centric pairs, 2

_unpaired

acrocentrics, 3 meta-submetacentric pairs, I

_unpaired

submetacentric and I acrocentric XY sex chromosome _pair. The

_R-banding

pattern shows that the chromo-somic difference between the subspecies catfer (2n = ₅₄₎and nanus _{(2n ! 52}₎is due to a centric fusion between two acrocentric _pairs.

Karyotypes

of the two

_subspecies

of African

Buffalo,

East African

_(Syncerus

cage

7 ca f e

y

)

and Dwarf Forest

_{(Syncevus caffer nanus),}

have

_already

been described

(W

URS

T

F

’

R

and

BE

NIRS

C

HKE

,

I

g6

7 ;

BRICH rUr and

_F

_I

_SO

_HER

_,

₁₉₆₇

and HECK et

al.,

19 68).

The Dwarf Forest

type

had ₅₄

_chromosomes,

_amongwhich 3 autosomal

pairs

were meta-submetacentric and 23 were

_acrocentric,

with the X and Y

being

acrocentric. When

_compared

to the

_karyotype

of Dwarf Forest

_Buffalo,

the

East

African Buffalo demonstrated ₅₂ chromosomes with one submetacentric

pair

instead of two acrocentric

_pairs.

The

_{present report}

describes the chromosome constitution of a male

_hybrid

of first backcross between a female FI and a male Dwarf Forest Buffalo. The

(3)

(4)

slaugh-tered in

_{April 19}

₈

₀

_.

It has

_recently

been included in a

study

for

heredity

of

coat colour variation

_by

l,auv!xGN! and R!ErrvoisE

_(ig8o).

For chromosome

_{observations,}

a blood

_sample

was obtained from the

_jugular

vein and cultivated

_according

to the method of DE GROUCHY et al.

_(ig6

_¢

_);

R-banding

was achieved

_by

the

technique

of DUTRILLAUX et al.

_(z

₉₇₃

_).

The number of chromosomes in the

hybrid

is ₅₃_,_amongwhich a

submeta-centric and two acrocentrics are not

_paired.

All other chromosome

_pairs

are

homomorphic

except

the XY sex chromosome

pair.

Two acrocentric

pairs

exhibit

large

small arms

_(fig.

i,

a).

By

using R-banding technique,

all chromosome

_pairs

could be identified.

R-banding

pattern

of !

and _qarms of the

_unpaired

submetacentric chromosome is characteristic of the two

_unpaired

acrocentric autosomes

_(fig.

I,

_b).

It is obvious that the

_unpaired

submetacentric chromosome

_originated

from

the East African

_type

whereas the two

_unpaired

acrocentric autosomes were

derived from the Dwarf Forest

_type.

In

_regard

to the

_karyotype

evolution of the two

_subspecies

of African

Buffalo,

it could be

suggested

that the Dwarf

_type

with 2n = ₅₄occured first and

during

evolution,

the East

_{African type}

should have

_{developed by}

Robertsonian fusion

of two acrocentric

_pairs.

Received for publication in novembey ig8o.

Résumé

Le

_caryotype

d’un

_hybride

entre le

_Buffle

_Africain

_(Syncerus

caffer

_caffer)

et le

_Bu!e

nain

_(Syncerus

caffer

_nanus)

Le caryotype d’un _mâle,_produitde croisement de retour d’une femelle hybride Fi Buffle Africain X Buffle nain _{(Syncevus ca}_f_{fer caffer}X Syncevus caffer nanus) et d’un Buffle nain mâle

(Syncerus caffer nanus) est _composéde 53chromosomes : zr _paires

_{acrocentriques,}

2chromosomes acrocentriques non _appariés,3 paires méta-submétacentriques, i chromosome _{submétacentrique}

et 2 chromosomes sexuels X et Y _{acrocentriques.}Le marquage R a _{montré que la différence}

de _caryotypede ces deux sous-espèce est due à une fusion _centriqueentre deux

_paires

de

chro-mosomes _{acrocentriques.}

References

DE GROUCHY _J.,Rouairr M., PASSAGE _{?;., 19}64. Microtechnique pour 1’6tude des

chromo-somes humains à _partird’une culture de leucocytes sanguins. Ann. _Genet.,_7,_q₅_. D

U T RILL A

UX B., LAURENT M., RETURIOUC J., ZaEJ!uN! J., 1973. Coloration pour 1’acridi!le orange de chromosome _{préalablement}trait6s _par_{le 5} _{bromodeoxyuridine (B.U.D.R.).}C. R. Acad. Sci. (Paris), 276, 3179-3181.

HECK H. D., WuRS2!x D. H., BENIRSCHKE K., 1968. Chromosome study of numbers of the subfamilies Capriuae and Bovidae: the muskox, ibec, aoudad, Congo buffalo and Gaur. Z. Saiigetievk, 33, 172-179.

LnuvE R G N

E J. J., RBNVOISB C., 1980. Hérédité des variations de couleur du

pelage

du Buffle africain (Syncerus caffer). Ann. Génét. Sit. _Anim.,_12,₁_-₇_.

Ur.sxicx F., FISCHER M., 1967. The chromosomes of the Asiatic buffalo _{(Bubalus bubalis)} and the African buffalo (Syncevus caJfev). Z. Tievz. _{Ziichtbiol., 83,}₂₁₉_-₂₂₃_.

W UR STE R