Contribution to the establishment of the R-banded karyotype in dogs

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Contribution to the establishment of the R-banded

karyotype in dogs

M Moreno-Millán, A Rodero, Fj Alonso, C Falcón

To cite this version:

Contribution

to

the establishment

of the R-banded

_karyotype

in

_dogs

M

Moreno-Millán

A Rodero FJ Alonso

C

Falcón

Facultad de

_Ueterinaria,

Universidad de

_Cordoba,

Laboratorio de

_{Citogenetica, Departamento}

de

Gen6tica,

14005 -

C6rdoba, Spain

(Proceedings

of the 9th

_{European Colloquium}

on

_Cytogenetics

of Domestic

_Animals;

Toulouse-Auzeville,

10-13

_July

₁₉₉₀₎

karyotype

/

R-banding

/

dog

The

_diploid

number of the domestic

_dog

_(Canis

_familiaris

_L)

is

_composed

of

78

chromosomes,

all of them

_{morphologically}

acrocentric with the

_exception

of

the X chromosome which is submetacentric and the metacentric Y chromosome. Howard-Peebles and

_Pryor

₍₁₉₈₀₎

_published

the first results of

_R-banding

in

this

_{species. Mayr}

et al

₍₁₉₈₃₎

later

_proposed

a

_system

of

_arranging

R-bands. We

describe a new contribution to the canine

karyotype

obtained after treatment with

bromodeoxyuridine

(BrdU).

The chromosomes of 4

_dogs,

3 males and 1

_female,

were obtained from cultures

of

_integral

blood

_according

to the method of de

_Grouchy

et al

₍₁₉₆₄₎

_slightly

mod-ified for domestic animals. R-bands were

produced using

a modified version of the method described

_by

Di Berardino et al

_(1985):

20

_!g/ml

of BrdU under a UV

lamp

after

_staining

with

1%

orange acridine in

phosphate

buffer,

pH

6.8.

Pho-tographs

were obtained with a Universal Zeiss R-III fluorescence

_{photomicroscope}

on Kodalith film. Five

_metaphases

per animal were

analyzed.

Figure

1 shows a male

_{metaphase. Figure}

2

_presents

the

_idiogram

with the

_images

obtained in the R-band of the

_species

studied.

The

_description

of the

_banding

of each

chromosome,

in accordance with the nomenclature

proposed

at the Paris

conference,

is as follows: 1: 6

positive

bands

separated

3-to-3 with a

_prominent

_negative

band in the

_middle;

2: 5

bands,

the most intense one is located in a central

_position;

3: 6 bands

_regularly

spaced;

4: 5

_positive

_bands,

two in the first

_1/3

and 3 in the

_remaining

_{2/3 regularly}

_spaced,

all of similar

_intensity;

5: 2 _very intense

_positive

bands each one located

_centrally

in the

_proximal

and distal

_halves;

6: 5

_bands,

the most

_prominent

are located in the

proximal

2/3;

7: 4

_positive

bands

_regularly

_spaced

with the 2 distal bands

_being

more

_intense;

8: 4

_{positive bands,}

but the distal half is more

_strongly

fluorescent;

9: 4 bands and one

_{prominent negative}

band at the end of the

_proximal

_1/3;

10: 4

_positive

bands

_regularly

spaced;

11: 1

_negative

band in the

_proximal

_1/3

bands of similar

_intensity

and

_regularly

_spaced;

13:

_proximal

half _very

_intensely

stained with 2

_positive

bands while the distal half has 2

_bands;

14: 3

_positive

bands and 1

_negative

band at the

_end;

15: the distal

_2/3

is more

_intensely

stained than

the

_proximal

_1/3

with 1

_negative

band between

_them;

16: 4

_positive

bands with the most

_intensely

labeled one located

proximally,

close to the

_centromere;

17: 3

regularly

spaced bands;

18: 3

bands,

the distal band is

_pale;

19: 3 bands of similar

intensity

and

_regularly

_spaced;

20: _{2 very}

_strong

_positive

bands in the distal half and 1

_positive

band in the

_{proximal half;}

21: _{2 very intense} bands in the distal

_2/3;

22: 3

_{positive bands,}

1 in the

proximal

1/3;

23: 3

_regularly

_{spaced bands;}

24: 2

prominent positive bands,

each one in a

_half;

25: 3

_positive

_{regularly spaced}

_bands;

26: 2

_positive

bands of similar

_intensity;

27: 3 bands with the 2 distal bands

_being

more intense and the centromere is

_pale;

28: 2

_positive

bands with the most intense

one located

_centrally

and the centromere is

_pale;

29: 2

bands,

the

proximal

band is

strongly

fluorescent and the centromere is

_pale;

30: 2

_bands,

1 medium and 1

_distal;

31: 2

_positive

_bands,

the

_proximal

one

being

more intense than the distal one; 32:

2 very intense bands in the distal

_half;

33: 3

_{regularly spaced bands;}

34: 2 bands

separated by

a

central, prominent negative band;

35: 1

_positive

band at the

end;

36: 1

_{prominent positive}

band at the

_end;

37: 2 bands in the distal

_2/3;

fluorescent; Xq:

4

_bands,

the central band is the most

_{intense; Yp:}

1

_pale

band at

the

_end;

_Yq:

1

_positive

band at the end.

In the same _way that certain standards have been studied and established for

the

_karyotypes

of other

_species

of domestic

_animals,

we think that it is _necessary to

investigate

further the chromosomes of canine

_species

to attain different

_objectives.

On one

_hand,

the

_study

and characterization of different

_karyotypes

from an

evolutionary

viewpoint

by using high-resolution banding techniques

should be

envisaged;

on the

_other,

the effect of chromosome anomalies on the

_fertility

of

the different breeds of domestic

_dogs

should be

explored.

REFERENCES

de

Grouchy

J, Roubin M,

Passage

E

₍₁₉₆₄₎

_{Microtechnique}

_pour 1’6tude des chromosomes humains a

partir

d’une culture de

_{leucocytes sanguins.}

Ann Genet

_7,

45-46

Di Berardino

_D,

Lioi

_MB,

lannuzzi L

₍₁₉₈₅₎

Identification of nucleolus

_organizer

chromo-somes in cattle

_(Bos

taurus

_{L) by sequential}

silver

staining

+ RBA

_{banding. Caryotogia}

38,

95-102

Howard-Peebles

_{PN, Pryor}

JC

₍₁₉₈₀₎

The

R-banding

pattern of the canine

_karyotype.

J Hered 71, 361-362

Mayr B,

Schweizer

_{D, Schleger}

W

₍₁₉₈₃₎

Characterization of the canine

_{karyotype by}