Ethiopia : Draft report on the development of statistical services in Ethiopia

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ORIGDlAL: ANGLAIS

TRADlJCTION FHANCAIS;:: ]jM cmJRS

ECONOMIC COi'III:IISSION FOR AFJ.ICA CONFERSNCE OF AFRICAN STATISTICIANS SECOND CONFERENCE

JUNE, 1961 TUNT S, TU~TISIA

Previsional Agenda Item No. 5(a)

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ETHIOPIA

JlllAFT REPORT ON THE

IlEVELOPMEI,T OF STATISTICAL SE:lVICES IN ETHIOPIA

(Prepared by the Inter - TIinisterial Committee or Statisticians)

61-762

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1; ,The 'programme whioh the Inter Liinisterial Committee of, Statisticians proposes during the next five years to develop the'Statistioalservices of. Ethiopia may be divided into the following heads.- '

(a) The expansion and development of the eXisting Statistical Servioes (0) The establishment of priorities fat new statistical services

which do not exist at present.•

(c) The initiation and development of a statistical organisation to ciJ,rry out the above two prOjects.

(d) The initiation of training'schemes'for personnel to staff this

organisation.

B. DIPROV;JjjL:.NT OF,:axIS.TING SERVIC":S

2. The existing Statistical services in Ethiopia were enumerated and desoribed in a paper prepared by ,the Inter-Ministerial Co~ttge of

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Statisticians in July 1959, and subsequently presented,as Working Paper 22 at the Conference of African Statistioians held in Addis Ababa from .c· 29thSeptomber to lOth Ootober 1959. For ease of'referenoe:this paper

is reproduoed as Annex I hereto.

3. From a study of the eXisting servioes in Ethiopia it appears that they suffer generally from the laok of the necessary Legislation for their establishment and aperat~on, so that they are not given the legal power to enable th~m to collect the data necessary ,for the produotion of oomplete and accurate statistics. As a result of the lack of this basio legal recognition, it has followed that, the services havo been to a great extent neglected, and suffer from tho attondant ills of lack of proper administration, personnel •. adequate equipment_{,'. '. . . .} .and- office space.

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It is essential that every effort shou:d be made to ensure that the

or~isationwhich it is proposed tp create within the fivo year period should be established by Law, and it is felt that this basic requirement

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must be followed by better organisation of the ~ersonnel into dofinite time-scales, with incentives and a planned scheme of training and

promoticnal outlets within the Statistical service. In addition it will

~e mcst necessary that adequate budgetary provision should be made for proper equipment and offioe a.ocommode.tion, in order that the personnel oan b<:l utilised to full advantage.

It is also felt that there has in the past been insuffici<:lnt liason and cooperation between Ministries and Departments. This has reoently been rectified by the formation of the Inter-Ministerial Committee of Statistioians, which is now established as an active body, under the

direction of His Excellenoy the Minister of Commerce, Industry and Planning.

It has served to bring together representatives of all the existing statistical services. It is expected that this Committee will beoome a regular part of the National Statistics Organisation now under

contemplation.

4. Apart from these general re~uirements, the follOWing particular aotion is recommended in speoifio fields for the expansion and development af the eXisting statistical services:-

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(a) Agricultural _Statist~aompiled by the Ministry of Agrioulture.

(i) The sample Survey being conducted in Shoa Province shculd be extended to other provinces gradually, as a contribution tc the National Sample Survey proposed under the new servioes.

(ii) The coded list of ~dministrativeunits of ~mpire compiled by the Department of :Jconomics and Statistics in the

Ministry of Agriculture should be adopted as a basis for future statistical activities.

(b) Industrial Statistios, compiled by tho Ministry of Ccmmerce and Industry.

(i) The necessary legislation shculd be introduced for a census cf industrial establishments throughout the Empire and fer the collection of other conneoted data at regular intervals

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according to internation~lrequirements. The censue should be extended to cover mining and building enterprises to be conducted by the appropriate Ministries ·concerned.

(ii) Periodic surveys of coffeoand grain cleaner3 _~hould be oontinued and sample survey of small scale Anterprisos and crafts such as shoowakers, tailors and weavers should be instituted, starting with Addis Ababa.

(iii)

An

index of induotrial production using net output as weights should be introduoed: so far only gross outputs have been used.

(0) Transport and Communications

(i) A statistical unit should be set up in the Ministry of Public Works and Communications to oonsolidate and compile existing statistical data from the railway companies, the Civil AViation Department and the Imperial Highway Authority, (ii) In addition to the exioting data this section should oollect

and issue statistics concerning the registration of motor vehicles on an annual basis.

(iii) The j.jarine Department of the Ministry of National Defenoe should separate the figures for International and Coastal shipping.

(d) External Trade Statistics, compiled by the Customs Administration.

(i) A complete revision of commodity classification based on the Standard International Trade Classifioation adapted

·to tho needs of trade in Ethiopia. Preliminary work _h~s already boan undertakon and a proposed modifioation of the Trade Classification prepared. It is felt however that its &pplioation may be delayed until the introduction of some form of mechanical processing equf pmenb, .

(ii) The adoption of standard methods for valuation both for imports and exports •

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(iii) Greater attention to the proper and more detailed olassifioation by oountries of origin and destination, partioularly in relation to the entrGPo·' trede through Aden and Djibouti.

(iv) The oompilation of separate import and export figures by Customs stations and oommodities, to show the distribution of trade.

(v) The oompilation of forecast figures by taking imports and exports from tho four main Customs stations (Assab, Massewe, Dire Dawa and Addis Ababa~ Steps should be taken to publish monthly data in addition to the quarterly and annual reports published. at present.

(vi) The provision of better data more expeditiously by the re- designing and simplifyiag of the present Customs deolarations and cards and their division into separate series for import, export, transit, etc.

(Vii) The provision of unit of weight/quantity figures as well as value in those items where they are at present not provided.

It is felt that these improvements can be aohieved by internal reorganisation and training. Tho present statistical staff are not

oonsidered to be of a high enough educational standard, and it is suggested that the engagemant of secondary school graduates should beurtently

oonsidered.

Tho Government should procure the services of a trade statistics expert to assist the Customs Department in the implementation of the programme detailad above. The Government should also explore the pOSSi- bility of installing punch-card equipment for a mora satisfaotory and expeditious processing of the customs returns. It is hoped that the Boonomic Commission for Afrioa would offer assistanoe in this field.

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(e) Finanoial Statistios, (Govern~entAooounts) oompiled by the Ministry of Finanoe.

(i)'A statistioal unit should be established in the Ministry of Finanoe for the oompilation and improvement of statistios oolleoted'by the Ministry.

(ii) Budgetary aotuals should be provided on a quarterly basis.

(iii) A revised classification of budgetary expenditure more amenable to eoonomio analysis should be constituted.

(iv) Statistioal staff should be'provided for the Inoome Tax Department and the present income tax returns should be broken down to show separately personal and corporate taxes, late payments eto., by location and by taxable inoome groups.

(v) The Excise Taxes Department should be encouraged to expand its present statistical unit, and to publish statistios under their separate heads.

(f)

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llankine; and Balance of Payments, oompiled by the State Bank of Ethiopia and the Development Bank.

Data published under these heads by the State Bank of Ethiopia

and the Development Bank should continue to pe published in the

~.esent form except that figures for loans granted by the two banks should be further claSSified and listed under separate heads.

(g) Price Statistios

(i) The present duplioation of statistics should be eliminated.

(11) WholeSale prices should be ,collected on a monthly basis for all the major commodities by the State Bankof.Ethiop3B whioh will also be responsible for the construotion.'and

publioation of an index of wholesale prices.

(iii) The Ministry of Commeroe and Industry, on the other hand, should oonoentrata on retail: prices' and revis€) the list of oommodities in that conneotion with a view to prOduoing an 'index to living oost based on weights obtained from family

budget studies.

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(iv) The Ministry of Agriculture should oontinue to oolleot and publish produoers' prioes of products ·on a monthly basis.

Every effort should be made to expand and improve the ooverage.

(h) Iduoational Statistios, oompiled by the Ministry of Bduoation and Fine Arts.

(i) The annual sohool oensus should be extended to oover

oompletely ohuroh, mission and private sohools in addition to Government sohools.

(ii) The present reporting forms and prooedures should be simplified and improved to eliminate the time lag in oolleotion.

(:U1) The present marginal punoh-oard system whioh has so far been used on a limited soale should be more fully utilized and expanded.

Public Health Statistios, oompiled by the Minist~l of .?nblio Health.

(i) Continued efforts should be made to obtain improved annual data on medical personnel.

(11) Morbidity and mortality statistics should be improved and broken down into in-patients and out-patients~·

C. OOHPIL.\TION OF NEW STJ.TISTICAL SERIES

5.

The available statistical data and servioes should be improved and expanded in the next five years as outlined in the preoeding paragraphs.

This improvement and expansicn must, however, be aooompanied by development

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new statistics whioh are so urgently required for development planning.

Annex II gives a summary of the existing and new statistica1 series to be promoted and strengthened during the next five years together with an indioation of priority (the year inwhioh aotion on

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partioular item is to be initiated) and periodioity (for the oollectionof eaoh item), The arrangement in

Annex

^II is based on the content of the Statistioal Survey of Atrioa adopted at ths First ·Conferenoe of African Statisticians in Ootober la.st year,

6., The statistical' programma for each year in respect of tho new statistical series is described belcw:

1960-61 (First year)

(a) Data on Labour. At present only limited data on labour employed in the manufacturing industry are available. It is recommended that the proposed Central Bureau of Census and Statistics, in co-cperationwith the existing sources of statistics, should plan to oovar all the larger establishments in all sectors of the economy according to t~e details listed in Annex II. Small establishments may bG covered on a sample

basis at a later date while data on govornwent employees oould be obtained through the Ministry of Finance. All data on labour should be compiled on an annual basis except whon there are significant seasonal variations in which caso quarterly data may be more useful.

(b) Road transport and building enterprises. A new Statistical

Unit should be established in the Ministry of Public Works and Communications to compile annual statistics on road transport and, building entorprises

on the pattern of the annual survey of industrial establishments carried on by the Ministry of Commerce and Industry.

(c) Mining statistics. A small statistical unit should also be organized in the Ministry of lanes and State Domain to institute and carry out annual reporting of operational and output data in respect of minas throughout tho Empire.

(d) Extension of the agricultural survey. The sample survey currently in progress in the Shoa Province under tho supervision of the FAO Agri- cultural lilx:pert assigned to Ethiopia should forr.l part of the Natipnal Sample survey discussed later in this papor. As resources permit this survey will be expanded to other Provinces in the course of the next five years, the ultimate objectivo beine to take an agricultural census.

In this connection it is recommend~dthat the services of the FAO

Agricul tural 3xpcrt should be retaine,d for t~e duration of tho programme (see aloo paragr~ph 30 of this paper). The proposed Central Bureau of

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Census and Statistics, in which a strong Survey Seotion is recommended to be set up, should assist the Ministry of Agrioulture actively in this undertaking. As a result of this survey it is expected that data on crop production and livestock, which have been lacking till now, will become available on a country-wide basis.

(e) As a result of the spreading of the extension service network the Ministry of Agriculturo should initiate a crop reporting service, leading to the measurement of crop production.

(f) Other new items planned for the first year inolude.

(i) annual reporting by the Ministry of Agriculture on areas undor new forest plantations;

(ii) data on livestock slaughtered from the slaughter houses (Ministry of Agriculture with the assistance of the Munioipal Committees);

(iii) quarterly reports by the Ministry of Public Works and Communioat ions on freight tariffs by different modes of transportation for fixed distances;

(iv) annual statistioal reports by the Ministry of Publio Health on the operation of hospitals and clinics.

(v) statistical survey of plantations and large farms by the Ministry of Agriculture, to bo continued subsequently on an annual basis.

(vi) Data on ax-factory prices of seme selected products from large industrial establishments by the Ministry of Commerce and Industry on an annual basis.

1961.62 (Second year)

7. (a) National Inoome and _~penditure (Monetary Sector). The

programme outlined in Annex II provides for estimates of national income and expenditure in the monetary seotor to be startod in the second year of the programmo. The Central Bureau of Oensus and Statistics will in this oonneotion try to organise the compilation of data on gross and

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net produots for various seotors of the eoonomy. Data from other souroes, suoh as budget, external tradQ and production (agrioultural and industrial) will be used for this purpose as well. Some work on oapital formation is also likely to be attempted during the seoond year.

(b) Vital Statistios. In the second year a beginning will also be made for the registration of births, deaths, marriages and divorces in the municipal areas, starting with Addis Ababa. The neoessary

legislation will be drafted and enacted to make registration obligatory in some limited areas. llliile the returns will be originally oolleoted in the Munioipal offioes they will be prooessed by the Central Bureau of Census and Statistios on an annual basis.

(0) New series to be started in the seoond year Will bel Data.on fellings and yield of other forest produots by the Ministry of Agrioulture, to be oontinued on an annual basis sUbsequently:

1962-65 (Third, fourth and fifth years)

8. Multi-purpose national sample survey. The oentral oore of the five years programme is a multi-purpose national sample survey designed to oolleot basic statistioal data in suoh fields as population struoture, housing, agrioulture, oottage industries and handiorafts, personal inoome and expenditure, etc., expeditiously and most eoonomically. Preliminary work in the field of agrioultura is already under way in the Shoa Provinoe under the direotion of the Ministry of Agrioulture. This work will be gradually expanded as part of the proposed multi-purpose national sample survey as visualized in paragraph 6(d). In order to organise sample enquiries on an integrated basis in othor fields it will be neoessary to set up an efficient statistioal organisation at the oentre with a strong oensus and survey unit and a largo field staff. It is anticipated that it will take at least two years to oomplete the neoessary preparatory arrangements and training programmes before the national sample survey in other fields oould be launohed. It is proposed therefore to initiate the national sample survoy in tho third yoar of tho programmo with tho activo aooiotanco of tho ~conomic Commission for Afrioa •

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9. The first phase will cover data on population as to population cenSUS has been taken in the country so far. A complete cenSUS is contemplated in the principal towns. In' other areas the entire population will be listed by sex through complete enumeration while other characteristics will be obtained by sampling techniques. The population inquiry will be combined with a housing survey, again on a sampling basis. It is considered that the Central Bureau of Census and Statistics should maintain the closet co- operation with the Ministry of the Intcrior throughout the planning and implementation of this wcrk; the field staff necessary during all phases will be suppLded by the IUnistry of the Intericr and the Ministry of Education out' of their provincial staff.

10. As already indicated the sample s~'vey now being conducted by the Ministry of Agriculture will be gradually dovetailed into the multi-purpose national sample survey. It is probable that as a result of the resources and experienee accumulated by the Central Bureau of Census and Statistics ' during the operation of the,fir8t p~as~ of the national sample sQrvey it may be able to offer increased assistance in expanding ths eXisting sample survey in the i'ield of agrj,culture. 1'his will 'Ghen Lonsti tute the second.

phase of the national sur-vey >rh'cch will be cond.ucted in the closest co- operation with the Ministry cf Agriculture.

11. The third and ,;he subs'3ql<.ent phases will coyer cottage industries,

rural handicrafts, farm inoome~, personal income, exp0~ditureand consumption and any other relevant elata requf.r

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by the do-,''''lopment planners. It is anticipated that bho Irul ti·-puxpose sur"":,,. "iI}, be more or Lcas a oontinuing operation and will e..xtcnd far ~vyond tho 5 year period no" undez- review.

It is absolutely imperative, however-, that the crganLaatn.cn and preparations in that connection S1101.'ld be o,,,":cn in hand as early as possible and the neceseary funds allocated to enable -oha >fork to prog-ress unhamper-ed, The suocess of the >r:J.ole undet'takj,ng uill clepend on efficient organisation and oontinuous operation and every effort should be ~ade to achie~e

those two objectives.

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12. (a) Also in the third year the Ministry of Education and Fine Arts should organise the compilation of data on oultural statistios on an annual 'basis.

(b) ,In the same year the Ministry of Public Works and COllUllUnioations shouldoolleot data on new dwellings andpublioand government buildings lnths 'Municipalities.

13. The data oolleoted from the sample surveys together with es'timates

o~.~~ioulturalproduotion should be of importance for estimates of various aggregates to be oarried out in the fifth year of the programme (total , nationa,l, inoome and expenditure, including subsistence. sectors).

"~14~ The fourth and fifth years should witness the beginning ofstatistioal , w'ork·;<lon.o'ent'rated on prooessing tho data furnished by the sample survey

as,wail'a~ oonsolidating statistios produoed by tho various existing st'afilltioal units.

15. The data oollected from the initiation of a crop reporting servioe,

+aading

to the measurement of crop produotion, will eventually be _use~

as a basis for the preparation of an Index on Agrioultural Produotion.

,16. c Every effort should be made by the Central Bureau of Census and Statisiiios to organise as early as possible a complete register' 'of'.a1J.

establishments in which it will rooord all structural changes. 'Th:l.:s will be of use for, different statistical purposes particularly when any new statistioalundertaking is to be initiated; a ccverage as oomp.leteas ..

!pOSSible should be at'temptod.

11. This programme of compilation of new statistical serios oan be implemented only by means of an adequate statistical organisation with the setting up of the Central Bureau cf Census and Statistics and with the strengthening and reorganisation of existing statistical units in dep&rtments supported by an adoquate budgetary provision from the:

Imperial Government.

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D. STATISTICAL ORGANISATION AND COORDINATION

18. The setting up of a Central Buroau of Census and Statistios does not imply the oentralisation of statistioal services entirely. In

oonformity with the general approaoh indioatod in paragraph 1, the statistioal organisation envisagod to imploment the programme outlined in tho preoeding paragraphs will proceed on the following lines :

(a) Organisation of a Central Bureau of Census and Statistios as an independent government agenoy.

(b) Reorganisation and strengthening of tho existing statistioal offioes in tho various departments and ministries of the government.

(0) Setting up of an Inter-Ministerial Statistioal Coordination Committee to serve as a working link in matters of methodology, training and othor matters of national statistical polioy between the Central Bureau of Census and Statistios on the one hand and the statistioal offices in tho various ministries and departments on the other.

19. Small. statistioal units oxist at present in the Ministry of Commeroe and Industry, the Planning Board, Ministry of Agrioulture, Customs

Department and Exoise Taxes Department of the Ministry of Finanoo, Ministry of Eduoation, Ministry of Publio Health, the State Bank of Ethiopia and the Ethiopian Air Lines. Those units will oontinue to exist as at present exoept that their personnel re~uiremontswill have to bb kept under oonstant review as the programme outlined above progresses. Ma.r..y of these units are at present under-staffed even in rvspeot of their existing commitments and most of the statistical personnel have had hardly any statistical training. It is hoped that the training of statistioal personnel will be organised on a pool basis under the auspices of the Central Bureau consi- dering the re~uirements of the statistical offices together. The Central Bureau will further assist the departmental and the ministerial offioes by providing assistanoe in field work, data processing and publishing of results. If bUdgetary and other considerations _dic~ato such a procedure

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the Central ~ureau may also take over part of the resppnsibility of one or more of these offices. It is, however, clearly understood that priorities and mothodological details in respeot of tho work programme of all the statistical offices will be referred to and cleared through the Inter-Ministerial Statistical Coordination Committee and that the Central Bureau Will generally advise on the formulation and aesist in the implemlmtation of those work programmes within the framework of the 5-year programme described above.

20. In addition to the existing offioes mentioned in paragraph 17 it is reoommended that new statistical units should be organised:-

(a) In the Ministry of Interior for the . colleotion of routine statistics as a by-product of administration, (e.g. statistios on prisons, etc.)

(b) In the Ministry of Finance (Head~uarters) and in the Inland Revenue Department to compile and consolidate the available data on Government revenue, expenditure and public debt;

(0) In the Ministry of Public Works and Communications to oompile statistics of road transport and bUilding enterprises;

(d) In the Ministry of Mines and State Domains for the oolleotion and scrutiny of statistical data from mines throughout the Empire;

(e) In the Imperial Ethiopian Light and Power Authority for the compilation of eloctrioity statistics.

21. An affective formulation of national policy in statistioal matters and its implementation is contingent amongst other things on the existenoe of a strong and independent Central Statistioal Agency endowed with

sufficient prestige and resources to enlist the support and cooperation of all seotions of the Governmont in order to fill in the vital gaps in the basio statistical data re~uired for development planning in as short a period as possiblo. It is hoped that such an agency will be set up without· any further dolay. Top-most priority is given to this measure·

in this programme.

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22. The functions of this agoncy will be ,

(a) formulation and implementation of statistical programmes in conformity with the general polioy laid down by the Counoil of Ministers;

(b) assistance to the departmental statistioal offioes in the formulation and ado~tion of standards, statistioal methods and proformas in oonformity With the recommendations of the United Nations and other international agonoies;

(0) oollation and analysis of all economic and social statistics oolleoted by tho various statistical offioes in the Government and allied departments;

(d) organisation of oensuses and surveys and other statistioal inquiries to fill the major gaps in offioial statistios;

(e) publioation of statistical data in the form of periodioal bulletins, year-books, _broohur~s etc;

(f) provision of facilities for the training of statistical personnel; and

(g) maintenanoe of liaison between the Government and external statistioal agencies.

23. It is proposed that the central statistical agency be designated as the Central Bureau of Census and Statistics. To give it prestige and maintain its independent charactor this Bureau should not be attached to

any partioular Ministry. It should preferably be linked directly to the

Counoil of Ministers or become part of His Imperial Majesty's Private Cabinet.

Whatever the location tho llureau must haJc its own independent budget, manning table and time scales for the personnel. The statistical offioes should be given tho necessary statutory authority fer the oollection and publication of all eoonomic and sooial statistics through tho enaotment of oomprehensive statistioal legislation. The Central Bureau Should also maintain a very olose link with tho office of the Planning lloard. A decision on these points should be taken as tho first step towards the adoption of this 5-year programme.

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24. A suggested intornal organisation, staff requirements, and budget of the Central Bureau are outlined in Annex III and IV. Since the Bureau will b~ an organisation'new to Ethiopia, the ostimate of costs is oaloulated

on a specimen oz-gandsat'Lon , based on those found in othor parts of Afrioa, and Oonsidered sUitable' for Ethiopia. The object is to give an approxi- mation of the expenditure whieh will be involved in setting up the

proposed Bureau." It is expected that the chief executive of the Bureau will in the first place have the ra~~ and title of a Director General, but it is hoped that, as the Bureau develops and takes over more fully the funotions proposed for it, the elevation of the post to that of Assistant Minister will bo considered. In tho Hrst year the Direotor General will be assisted by a total staff of about 30 employees. In

addition one or more foreign stat~stical advisors either recruited direotly by the 'Govornment or secured under the technioal assistance programmes operating in the country 1;111 also be attached to the Central Bureau

to assist in general organisation and/or specialised inquiries, methodology and training programmes, No significant change in the staff pattern is expeoted in the second year. In the third year, however, with the inauguration of the first phase of the National Sample Survey a very large oomponent of fiold personnel 1dll become necessary. It is

reoommended that the fiold personnel, most of which will be of a quasi- permanent or temporary nature, should be drawn largely from amengst the teaohers and students in their vacatien periods through the courtosy of the Ministr~ of ~duoation, provincial staff o~ the Ministry of Interior and such field staff of the Ministry of Agriculture and other Ministries as oxist and oan be spared for short intervals. To maintain continuity and ensure effective supervision the supervisory staff for field operations will however be dralm almost exclusively from amongst the permanent staff of the Central Bureau. It is recommended that the salaries of the person- nel temporarily seconded to the Central Bureau for field _e~erations will continue to be borne by th'3 parent organisatiens while the' Central Bureau would defray their tr~vellinc ~d cthor sundry expenses.

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25. As the National Samplo SurV0Y will extend far beycnd tha five year period covored by the programme und.cr- roviow the need for field staff will oontinue to exist all through the third, fourth and the fifth years of the programme in v·arying dcgr ee , As "ill be noticed provision has also boon made in Ar~ex III for tho installation of punch-oard a~uipment

in the fourth year to .assist in the handling and processing of data collected in connection with. the sample survey ~d also to reorganise the processing of trado returns as ilid.ioated earlier. It is understood that the ~conomic Commission for Africa is oontemplating the installation of punch card e~uipmGnt at its hoed~ua.rtorsfor assisting Member States both through demonstration projects and by actually handling somo routine

jobs entrusted to it by the various countries who are not in a position to afford ths costly e~uipment themselvos. Though it is oonsidered that it should be the established policy of tho Government to install suoh

e~uipment in the Central Bureau as early as possible the Gcvernment should plan at ·the samo time on utilizing the far.ilitiesafforded by the ECA in this rospect to the fullost for -,he next fa" years and take advantage of its olose prOXimity to the head~uarters of tho Co~nission-

26. While the effective organisation of the Central Buroau is likely to tako some time, the following interim moasures arc recommended to facilitate its emergence as an independent, statutory llod;y- withou, unnecessary delay i

(i) L deoision should be taken forthwith regarding the location of the Central Bureau.

(U) A :Director-Goneral should be designated and provided with a nucleus staff of 10 to 15 persons to take the necessary steps towards the implementation of the 5-ycar programme .and to organise the Burea~. It may perhaps be possible '.0 soconc some employees :;'rom tho existing statistical offices to the Central Bureau as an interim measure.

recruitment of fresh graduates from the University College and/or Commercial School may also meet tho i~ediate requirements.

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(iii) A suitable office equiPPed with the neoessary appurtenances, furniture eto.,· should ^be found and assigned to the Central Bureau.

(iV) The budget for the fisoa1 year'1953, Ethiopian calendar, should inolude the provision for a total expenditure of lfth. S for the Central Bureau, as explained in Annex IV, bearing in mind that this figure repressnts the expenditure in the first formative year, and shoul~ not prejudioe the amounts whioh will be requirGd in subsequent years as the Bureau beoomes more fully staffed &n. operational,'

..('9') The sernoes of foreign statistical expElrts should be obtained to assist in the organisation of the Oentral Bureau, drafting of statistioal legislation a.nd training of personnel.

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^An lntu-Ministerial Statistioal Coordination Oommitt.ee should be set up with the folloWing funotionsl

«:I.)

Determining priorities and programmes for development of

statistioal servioes in oonsultation with the Central ~eau of· Census and Statistios and other statistioal offioes;

(ii) aohie'V'ing inter-ministerial oooperation and ooordination in .fieldsur'V'BYs and other matters of oommon intElrElst,

(iil) adVising the Central Bureau in the forlll1'lation of training programmes.

The membership of the Committee will oomprise of senior rElpresentat1ves from all Statistioal Offioes. The appointmont and working of the Committee 1I'ill be dElfined by a statute and it will meet as often as its rules of

prooedures m:l.ght lay down.

E. T!lA1NING

28. An intensive programme for tho tra.ining of statistical personnel must be foresElen if the statistical offices in theoountry havEl to be adequately staffed in the noxt five years. Most of thEl staff in the existing offices as mentioned earlier have had hardly any statistioal training. The training programma will be carried out in two parts.

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long term and short torm. Tho long term programme will oomprise of the institution of statistioal oourSGS in the University coll~ge and the Commeroial. School and also the sending of suitable candidates abroad for training in universities, statistical institutions and offices in other oountries whers.adequato facilities for tho training ef foreign students exist. In the short term, however, emphasis should bo plaood on the following measures:

(a) an in-service training programmo carried out by technioal assistanoe experts and sGniDr Ethiopian persennel in statistical offices. This training will cover only the junior 'personnel and will be·limited to tho operational aspects of the work being handled by thorn.

.. (b) Organisation of training COVXS8S and seminars for junior and middle lovel personnel within tho country on specific ~ro~lems

(trade statistics, national aceounts, census methoda , eta.). . (0) Study tours for senior personnel to enable them to·'visit well organised national statistical offices in some selected countries and observe both the organisation and working of these offioes.

29. It is diffioult to statistioal personnel at in tha next five years.

foresoe at this stage the total number of

different levels which would require to be trained On a very conaervative estimate, however, provision should·be made for tho sending of about 20 young university graduates for training abroad for a period of nine months to two years depending upon the fields. of study and institutions selected for each; a study tour for the Direotor-Goneral of the Contral Bureau and two or three other senior officials tc enablo them to observe the organisation ~nd working of' statistioal offices in some more ad.anced countries and in one or two selectod Afrioan countries for a pe~iod of six to 12 weeks eaah; institu- tion of about five short term co~ses sproad ovor the first three years in cooperation with the Eoonomic Commission for Africa for tho training of middle lavel personnel within the oountry (the fields of study suggaeted are trade statistics, financiaJstatistics,national aocounts, census an~

survey methods and sampling teohniques).

•

F. T3CHNICAL ASSISTANCE

30. In order to implement the five year programme disoussed in the preoeding paragraphs and to train tho porsonnel roquired for staffing of the statistical offices, it is imperative that the Government should secure the services of one or more technioal assistance exports either through direot employment from its own budget or by utilising the faoilities offered by the United Nations and Specialized Agencies. As a preliminary to the organiSation

of the Central Bureau of Census and Statistics it is necessary to secure the services of a statistical advisor in the vary first year of the programme.

The services of this expert will havo to be continued throughout tho 2nd and the 3rd year of the programme. At the same time it is recommended that the assistanoe of a short term (6 months) expert on trade statiotics be secured to reorganise trade statistics on the lines mentioned earlier. In the 3rd year of the prQgr~mme when the natienal sample survey is expected te be initiated the Government will have to request frem the Unitod Nations or througn some other channels the sorvices of a sampling expert to plan and supervise the series of sample surveys visualized as part ef tho multi-purpose natlonal sample survey. The FAO has at present assigned an Agricultural

Statistics Expert to Ethiopia for the planning and supervision ef,the various statistioal surveys in the field of Agriculture and it is recommended that this assignment should be continued for the duration ef the pregramme. As most ef the surveys will be carried eut on a sampling basis, the terms of

,referenoe shouLd be expanded to c onbane this post with that of the genera.l sampling Expert now reccmmended.

31. In addition to the need fer experts the Oover.~ent should also explore the possibilities of obtaining a seleotion ef books, documents and statistical oquipment which are so urgently needed for the 'training Qf statistiCal personnel and transport vohioles fer field surveys under one or more foreign-aid programmes. The estimated value ef these items is as follows ,

- 20 -

Beeks and documents Eth.3 6,000

Adding and Caloulating I

Maohines Eth.$ 12,000

Drafting equipment and

ether aids Eth.$ 2,000

Duplioating maohine and

aooessories Eth.S 10,000

Typewriters Eth.S 6,000

Office furniture (inol.

filing oabinets) I Eth.S 15,000

8 Land Rovers with oamping

equipment I Eth.S 64,000

Total Eth.$1l5,000

32. It is understood that the Eoonomic Commission for Africa is

oonsidering plans for assisting Afrioan oountrios in the implementation of the statistioal programmes as part of the statistical survey of Afrioa adopted at tho First Conferenoe of Afrioan Statisticians. The Governmeht should keep this in view and try to take the maximum advantage of any assistance that might be available through the Eoonomio Commission for Africa in this regard.

•

•

CENTRAL BUREAU OF CENSUS AND STATISTICS Division of rosponsibility

The DIRECTOR GENERAL will ass~~e full responsibility for the organization and functioning of tha Bureau an~ its various sections. He will be the chief exeoutivo rssponsible for, administration as well as the execution of technical functions entrusted to the Bureau. He will also be the ex-officio Chairman of the Inter-Ministerial Statistical Coordination Committee. In consultation with the Inter~JinisterialCommittee and with the activo assistance of the foreign Statistical Adviser he will prepare work-programmo, priorities and budget estimatos for the Central Bureau, and make arrangements for the training of statistical personnel belonging to the Central Bureau and the statistical offices attached to the various ministries and departments of tho Government, He will maintain liaison on behalf of the Government with other Government and international statistical agencies and othor external organizationsin statistical ma~ters. He will be the Chief Edttor of' all stati3tic,ll;1 publications i,ssued by the Central Bureau.

The STATISTICAL ADVIS3R (s) will be responsible for the technioal

, ,

-

planning and supervision of field. surveys and inq,uiriesi trainin~of

statistical personnel; improvoments in methods, 'definitions' and proformas;

general assistance to tho Director-General in the organization of the

Central Bureau and adVising the st~tistical offices attached to the various ministries and departments of ~he Government in all substantive matters

in which their assistance is soug~t.

The ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL STJ.TISTICS SECTION: will receive, scrutinize, collate and analyze all statistical data falling under economic and

social categories that might be collected and oompiled by the statistioal offices attached to the ministries and departments of the Government. It will assume full responsibility for the collection an1 oompilation of all data falling under these categorios whioh m~.ght "to', be colI acted or compiled

._-'--~----~-~-,."..~,," '

---~~_._

..

_~-_._-_._--_._----~-

- 22 -

by any of tho departmental or ministerial statistical officos. It will be responsible for tho estimation of national accounts. It will also be responsible for the preparation of the various statistioal publioations not specifioally assigned to any other seotion or office.

The CENSUS AND SURVEY sECTIa, will be rosponsible for the planning and organization of the National Sample Survey and for all the field inquiries whioh might bo entrustod to the Central Bureau. It will also assist the statistioal offices attached to tho various ministries and departmonts of the Government in carrying out fiold surveys by the lean of field personnel, transportation, etc. whenever it is in a position to do so.

The PUBLICATIONS SECTION will be responsible for the publishing and distribution of all the statistioal publioations issued by the

Bureau; for tho library; for th~rGproductionef documents, tables, reports, etc., prepared by tho various units in tho Buroau.

The DATA PROCESSING UNIT cemprising punch oard installaticn will service the Contral Bureau, Customs Departmant and an~ other sectien of the Government roquiring the USc of the punch car~ equipment.

The ADMINISTRATIVE SECTION will be in charge of general oifioe management, accounts, personnel management,. transportation, oto,

;.'-:'

C4NTRAL BUREAU OF CENSUS AND STATISTICS

BTAFP' REQUIllBMENTS

Oategory

Averaf$e Annual Rate (including allowanoes)

Number of employees eaoh year

fL

^{II III}

..l!...:JJ

Arinual Staff Re~uirements •••••••••••••• 28 34

fuaft sma.n. ..

Aoootultant ..

.Cashier ..

1 3 1 10 10 8 1 3

1 1 1 1 9 6

56

1 3 1 10 10 8 1 3 1 1 1 1 9 6

56

1 3 1 10 10

8

1 2 1 1 1 1

9

6 55

1 2 1

8

5

4 1 2 1

1 1 1

2 4 1 2 1 6 5 2

2 1

1 1 1 1 4 9,240

7,740 6,000 4,200

4,200

3,600 3,600 2,400 1,500 3,000 2,400 1,800 1,500·

360

...

Direotor-General

Field SuperviBors •••••••••.••

Direotors of teohnica1 sections Direotor of administration •• , Statistical Assistants ••••••••

Storeke~per ••••••••••••••••••

Driver meohanics ••.••.•••••••

Typists ,. ..

Registry Clerk ..

Maohine Operator ••••••.•••••.

9%fioe B~ls ..•..•...•..•••

- 24 -

CENTRAL BUREAU OF CENSUS AND STATISTIC,S :B01lCET. ESTIMATES

Years

•

Items

Sala.ries & allolTances

JJ ..

Travel &Per diem •••.••.•.••••••••••

Pootage, Tel~phones, Cables, etc • • • • Rents and Utilities ....•••.••....•••

Printing and Publishing •••.••.••••••

Office Equipment ....••.••.••••••••••

/1:- -.ll....

III (in Zth.

104 130 192

10. 20 60

I I I

20· .. 20 25 10 15.. ;1.5 26 10. . 8

--TI....

$'000) 198

60 1 30 15

206 60

1 30 15 Punch-oard Equipment and personnel ••

Office Supplies (incl. books &doc~~~nts)5

Field Equipment 2

Purchase of vehicles ".. '. .. .. 8 Maintenance of vehioles and oquipment 1.

Fuel and Lubricants •.••.•.••••.••.• .3

Contingency "... .10 .

TOTAL. 200

.6. 6

4

^1,2

16 48.

.3, 6

9 20

20 .25 254 418

150 6

6 20

25

511

34 6

6 20 25 403

~oluding travel costs outside of Addis inclUding an annual salary increment of personnel.

Ababa, but

510

for junior

*

Salaries and allowances payable to foreign oxperts and advisers are not accounted for as it is expected they will be made available under the technical aid programmes operating in th~ country.

-

^{- - . _ •.} -_..•- -- _.. - - -- • 1 .

Type of Data

•

Priority 1)[ Periodicity

by sex and broad age-groups ,

Population by principel economic oharacte- ristics (urban ana rural population,

economically active and non-active popula- POPULATION

, .

011 Population 012

01

tion by industri~l groups)

013 Population by languistic and ethnio characteristics

l _,

014 Population by level of education and other characteris,tic

. Ol5, .Data on births anp. dea ths 016 Households by size and other

characteristics

011 till 016 census and

"lOJllplo survey

•

J

I

E denotes existing data already being colleoted.

Numbers Ist_

5

^{t h} indicate years in which the work expected to be, started on the item concerned.

E (partly) .annually 02

"^,,",'.",~

011 Registration of births, deaths, marriages and divorces

018 Migration (moveme~t of Ethi9pians and foreigners into and out of country) LABOUR

021 .Persons. employed in organized seotor by divisions and major groups of aotivities 0211 By cox

0212 By nationality

0213 By occupational status 0214 Wages and salaries

1)

E

annually

. annually

r

!

I

Type of data

- 2 -

Priority

1

Periodicity

-

.

03

04

AGGREGATES .

031 Estimates of national income and expenditure

l"onetary sector 2n d

Total 5^{t h}

032 Estimates of capital formation

0321 By divisions and major groups of activitios

0322 By eouroe of financing

0323 BreackdoHn on land, bUilding,

o~uipment, motor vehicles 0321 till 0323

033 Commodity balance sheets (estimates) by origin and kind of consumption AGRICUIJroRE

041 Estimates of land use

042 Area and production under principalorops 043 Estimated landholdings by size

044 ietimates of livestock population by

annually annually

annually annually

species

045 Estimates of production of dairy and livestock products

041 till 045

046 Reporting on crop conditione by extension agents

047 Area, production and machinery by kind of Plantations and of larger farms

048 Average agrioultural prices (received and paid by farmers) for each important crop or product

049 Estimates of slaughtering by speclos in principal towns

E (Shoa.Prov, ) sample survs to be extended

seasonally , annually

.sample survey annually quarterly

Type of data Priority

I

Periodicity FORESTRY

051 Quantity and valu? of fellings by kind and yield of other forest products 052 Area and new forest plantation by kind INDUSTRY (mining,olectricity and construction) 061 Number of establishments, persons employed

and output

Large establishments Small establishments

062 Fixed capital assests and major groups of

·activities for lat-ga 9stablishments 063 'Consumption, purchaee of iaw material,

eleotrioity and fuel for large establisb- ments

064 Output of industrial products of large establishments

0641 for selected products 0642 for all products

.,

^..

,^.

05

06

065 066 067

Index-numbers of industrial production Ex-factory prioes for seleoted products of large eetablishments_,

New oonstruction 0671 llwellings

06711 by kind of material 06712 by area in sq. m

06713 by number of floors, flats and rooms

06711 till 06713 0672 Public buildings

As dwellings under 06711 0673 Industrial buildings

06731 by kind of material

E

E

E E

E (partly)

annually annually

annually sample survey annually

annually

monthly annually quarterly quarterly

amlUally annually

.

'---._---_.,,---_. ---

- 4 -

Type of data Priority

' t

Perod1c1ty , •

E

E

,

01

06,32 by area in s~. m.

06,31 till 06,32 TRJNSPORT AND COll'll'lUNICATIONS 0,1 Road transport

0,11 Length of road classified by kind cr.

surfaces

0,12 Road construction embetterment and maintenanoe by sections

08121 Costs 08122 Employment

08121 till 08123 E

0,13 Motor vehicles registered by kind etc. E 0,14 Counting of traffic density on neural-

gical points E

0,15 Road transport enterprises

0,151 Freight traffic in ton-kilometer , for selected enterprises only 1s t 0,152 Passenger traffic in passenger-

kilometers, for seleoted

enterprises only 1st

07153 Ccr.sumpticn cf fuel snd lubri-

cants, for selected enterprises 1s t

0,154 Accidents 1s t

0,2 Rail transport

0,21 Number, power and oarrying capaoity of vehicles by type

0722 Net freight ton-kilometers and

" " " '"

annually

annually

annually annually periodio sur- very

monthly

monthly annually annually

annually passenger-kilometers performed

,0,23 Freight loaded, unloaded and trans- ported

0,24 Consumption of fuel and lubricants 0,3 Civil air transport

E

E E

monthly monthly annually

•

Typo of data Priority

I

Peri odicity 0131 Aircrafts by type

0132 Freight anc mail in ton-kilometers, passengers in pass~nger-kilometer3

0733 Cargo loaded and unloaded in tens 0734 Pcs sengc r s embarkine and diser.lb=rldng 0735 .Consumption of fuel and lubrioants 0736 Aooid<mts

074 .Airports (landing and take or) 075 Naritime navigation

0751 Coast".l navigation 07511 Freightearric.d

07512 NRT of loaded ships entering and leaVing the harbo~

07513 Capacity of passonger ships 0152 International sea navigation

07521 Freight Loaded and unloaded 07522 NRT of loaded ships entering

harbour in internat. trade 07523 CRT of ships by kind and

flag of registration 07524 Passengers €mbarked and

disembarked 076 Telecommunications

0761 Domestic and international tolephone calls

0762 Tolephone apparatus connocted, apparatus in use

0763 Telegrams 077 Posts

0771 Letters and parcels 0772 Sale of stamps

E

E

;']3

1st 1st 1

st

.~

E

E

E

annually

monthly monthly monthly annually annually . annually

monthly monthly

annually annually

monthly

monthly

3.nnually

monthly

monthly

annually montbly

monthly quarterly

~~----_._-_._-

.. __ ._---

- 6 -

•

Type of data Priority

I

^Perodicity

80 EXT3RNAL TRADE 081 Exports

0811 2xportG in quantity and value 08111 By commodity and country of

destination

Adaptation to SITC

05~12 By cootionu and divisions Adaptation to SITC

0812 Index-numbers of volume and. unit value of commodity groups

0813 Revenue collected by commoditioo 082 Imports

0812 Imports in ~uantity end value 08121 By commodity and country of

origin

08122 Adaptation to SITC

08122 Dy sections and divisions Adaptation to SITe

0813 Iniex numbors of volume and unit

value of commodity grcups 0814. Classification of imports

08141 Rav materials (industrial, agricultural)

08142 Semifinished Goods

08143 Final goods (Consumer &oods,

capital goods, _ot~ers)

08141 till 08143

09 FOREIGN ASSISTAllCZ (Grants in Aid) 0911 By projects end activities

0912 :By kind of expenditure

0913 In kind and counterpart funds

<luartorly monthly quarterly monthly quarterly quarterly

quarterly monthly quarterly monthly

~uarterly

annually

aIUlually

I

E monthly

E annually

E monthly

E quarterly

E monthly

]I .semiannually

E q1,l8.rlerly

•

Type of data 10 MONEY AND llANKING

101 . Finanoial Statements, State Bank of Ethio- pia and other banks

102 Balanoe sheets of banks and insuranoe oompanies

103 Money supply

104 Loans by purpose and by aotivities l050ffioial and bank holdings of gold and

foreign exchange

106 Balance of payments, classified by type and transactions

11 GOVIDlNML'NT ACCOUNTS

III Budgetary revenue estimates and aotua1s 112 Budgetary revenue aotuals

1121 Colleoted by Customs Administration 1122 Exoise duties by Excise Duty Depart.

1123 Inoome tax by Income tax ~partment

1121 till 1123

113 Budgetary expenditure estimates and aotuals 1131 Salaries

1132 Operating costs 1133 Capital Expenditure

1131 till 1133 114 Publio debt

12 DISTRIBUTION

121 Number of establishments and employment by kind of distributive trade in prinoipal towns

122 Turnover, net product 13 PRICES

131 Wholesale prioes and Wholesale prioe indices cf domestio. products and imported goods

Priority

E

E E

E

Perodioity

monthly

quarterly quarterly

oensus

sample survey

monthly

- D -

' . ' ..

Type of data Priority

I

^Perodicity

•

.

•

132 Retail prices for main commodities in principal to~ms

133 Freight tariffs for various transportation branches on fixed distances

14 PERSONAL INCOME EXPENDITURE AND CONSUMPTION 15 HOUSThG

151 BUildings and flats in principal towns rooms ~~d dwellings area, utility, rent 16 EDUCATION AND CULTURE

161 Enrolment by sex

1611 By types of schools , 1612 By grade and levels

1613 By administrative units 1611 till 1613

162 Class units

1621 By typo of schools 1622 By grades and levels 1623 By administrative units

1621 till 1622 163 Schools

1631 By types 1632 By grades

1633 By administrative units 1631 till 1633

164 T8achers by sex and 1641 By nationality 1642 By lov131s

1643 By Qualifications 1641 till 1643

165 Examinations (number of students who passed, ~umber of repeaters by grades, diplomas, degree awarded

E

E

E

monthly Quarterly sample survey

oensus and sample survey

annually

annually

annually

annually

annually

•

\ - 9 -

Type of data Priority

I

^Perodioity

166 Eduoat i onal finanoe 1s t annually

167 Students abroad and returned J!I annually

168 Oulture (oinemas, theatres, sports, press,

libraries, museum eto.) 3r d

annually 17 PUBLIO HIALTH

171 Morbidity and mortality in hospitals and olinio by sex, age-groups and by oauses 0711 In-patients

0712 Out-patients E monthly

172 Medioal praotitioners and middle medioal

personnel by sex and qualifioations E annually 173 Hospitals and olinios

1731 By type and oapaoity 1s t annually

1732 By hospital-days and oonsultations 1s t annually 174 Vaooinations and inooulations performed 1s t annually

-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.