UNIT 9 :

2 ^nd YEAR BACCALAUREATE

UNIT 9 :

SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

LISTENING

YOUR TASK ?

 LISTEN TO A NEWS REPORT ABOUT COVID- 19 ( ORIGINS & INITIAL OUTBREAK )

 ANSWER RELATED QUESTIONS ACCORDINGLY

Before you listen 1

1. Which one of these is the appropriate definition of a virus ?

A a microscopic infectious agent which can infect a living organism and cause disease by continuingly changing its composition and multiplying

B a microscopic ( usually one-celled ) bacterium that can be found everywhere, in soil, water, and air

2. The science that stdudies viruses is called _____ .

A _biology B _virology C _zoology

3. A sudden,violent increase in virus activity is technically called ____ .

A _{a disaster} B _{a risk} C an outbreak

Before you listen 2

A. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS NOT CHARACTERISTIC OF VIRUSES :

1 6

2 7

3 8

4 9

5 10

Spread : Grow to have a rapid effect on a wider area Seasonal : Happen just during a certain time of the year Contagious : You can catch it from someone else

Microscopic : Can be visible only with a microscope Breathing problems : Can cause breathing problems

Selective : Affect only old people Mutate : Change into new forms Tangible : Can be seen and touched

Origins : Come only from China Scary : Cause people to panic

B. Scientists and medical doctors from the World Health Organization have

always believed the best cure ( medical solution) against any virus is primarily :

A _prevention B healthy food C medications

C. Name some common deadly viruses that you’ve heard of.

1 . Coronavirus first appeared in the city of ___ .

A _China B _Wuhan C _Beijing

2 . As a start, the number of people who’ve caught the virus is more than _ .

A ₅₇₀ B ₅₆₀ C ₅₅₀

3 . Pick the other countries that were affected by the spread of the virus.

A _Beijing B _U.S.A C _Japan D _{Hong Kong} E Thailand F _Korea

Listen First …

4 . The Chinese government urges its people not to_______ .

A travel B _panic C _{go out}

5 . ^{The 36} -year old woman from Beijing is in a state of panic because ____ . A _she’s caught the virus

B _{she thinks she’s} got a weak immune system

C _{she fears there’s} no cure for the virus

Listen once more …

6 . The Chinese government suspended public transport systems to______ . A out break the virus B kill the virus C stop the spread of the virus

7 . Dr. Linfa Wang from the Duke-National University is a _______ .

A _geologist B virologist C _zoologist

8 . Pick the Corona Virus’s symptoms mentioned in the news report.

A blood from the nose B severe headahes C _cough D difficulty breathing F a sore throat E fever

Listen again…

POST-LISTENING ACTIVITY

Morocco recorded its first case of coronavirus on March 2 ^nd . As of March ₂₀

_, the government has implemented a state of health emergency and has taken several

*precautionary measures to stop the spread of the virus and limit the increasing numbers of people testing positive everyday.

As a concerned citizen, what actions or steps would you urge your fellow Moroccan citizens to take in order to help put an end to such * pandemic.

First pick 5 priority actions or steps to consider.

 leave your house without a good reason  wear facemasks all the time

 take all official precautionary measures seriously  wash your hands with soap and water often

 spread rumors about the virus  go over-shopping every weekend (panic buying)

 avoid close physical contact with people in public  touch your face with unwashed hands

 panic too much  use hand sanitiser at home

Now use the tips you’ve picked to voice them out using the modals suggested.

Dear fellow Moroccan citizens,

 You must…

 You should …

 You musn’t…

 You shouldn’t…  You needn’t…

 You don’t have to…

Ibn Soulaymane Arrassmouki Unit 9: Writing

Technical High School Writing an Expository Article

The Expository Article

Expository articles are:

• Written to inform, explain, describe, or define things.

• Although it may be impossible to avoid giving opinions the article is not written to argue a point or be an opinion piece.

• The personal pronoun “I” (e.g. I think ) is not used. Instead you will see written: This article proposes, this response will, some may believe, it can be assumed, it appears that, we might feel, one could think, you could be forgiven for... One good reason for this is so that the writer can keep herself/himself and their article separate. It gives their article greater independence and professionalism.

N.B.

• An essay usually consists of a couple of paragraphs.

• Usually an Article is a piece of writing that is included with others in a newspaper, magazine or other publication, while an Essay is usually about a topic of discussion; generally written as a response to a question or proposition.

AN ESSAY/ARTICLE is a group of related paragraphs which develop and discuss a central idea. A standard essay must include the following parts: 1. The introduction 2. The body 3. The conclusion.

ü The introduction

• Start your introduction broad, but not too broad. ...

• Provide relevant background, but don't begin your true argument. ...

• Provide a thesis. ...

• Provide only helpful, relevant information. ...

• Try to avoid clichés. ...

• Don't feel pressured to write your intro first. ...

• Make the reader feel that your essay/article is worth reading.

ü

The body consists of at least two paragraphs.

- Each paragraph begins with a clear topic sentence that is thematically related to the thesis statement or central idea in the introductory paragraph.

- Each paragraph contains within it supporting sentences to support the topic sentence and ends with a concluding sentence.

- Supporting sentences provide explanation, give examples, present facts and statistics.

- Transition expressions are used to relate paragraphs.

- Transitions expressions are used to relate sentences.

ü The conclusion: The concluding paragraph summarizes the main points

discussed in the essay and contains a call for action from the part of the writer.

A PARAGRAPH is a group of complete sentences that are related together to discuss a main idea. A standard paragraph must include these elements: 1. The topic sentence.

2. Supporting sentences 3. The concluding sentence 4. Transition words (connectives):

ü The topic sentence is the first sentence in the paragraph. It’s a complete sentence that summarizes the content of the paragraph in a general way.

ü

Supporting sentences are the complete sentences that come after the topic sentence to support, develop, or explain it. Supporting sentences should: - be specific enough to give relevant details 
 - present examples, statistics, facts, ideas... 
 - be related together through the use of transition words to achieve unity and coherence of the paragraph.

ü The concluding sentence is the last sentence in the paragraph. It restates (repeats in different words) the main idea of the paragraph or summarizes the

information presented in it.

Paragraph Sample (Example)

Technology has many advantages. To begin with, it’s making our lives easier and more

comfortable. In other words, people save more time and effort with the use of technology. For

example, machines and robots can perform all of our hard tasks perfectly and in no time. Also,

great inventions, like the telephone, computers, the television, the cell-phone, and the internet

have made communication easier and better. Additionally, findings have shown the positive

effect of technology on our economic growth. Nowadays, 70% of world businesses rely on

technology to improve the quality of their products or services. Moreover, the various

technological advances in transportation have turned our world into a small village. This

allows for effective interaction between people from different places and cultures. In fact, with

all these advantages, technology has brought about many positive changes to our every-day

lives.

Essay Sample (The advantages and Drawbacks of Technology)

Technology is the application of science for economic, social, commercial, or practical purposes. It has certainly changed our ways of life both positively and negatively. So, I believe that technology has some drawbacks in addition to its many advantages, too.

On the one hand, Technology has many advantages. To begin with, it’s making our lives easier and more comfortable. In other words, people save more time and effort with the use of technology. For example, machines and robots can perform all of our hard tasks perfectly and in no time. Also, great inventions, like the telephone, computers, the television, the cell-phone, and the internet have made communication easier and better. Additionally, findings have shown the positive effect of technology on our economic growth. Nowadays, 70% of world businesses rely on technology to improve the quality of their products or services. Moreover, the various technological advances in transportation have turned our world into a small village. This allows for effective interaction between people from different places and cultures.

In fact, with all these advantages, technology has brought about many positive changes to our every-day lives.

On the other hand, there are some drawbacks to technology. First, people are becoming more and more over-dependent on technology. Second, machines are replacing humans in factories.

This means that more people are losing their jobs to automation; this leads to a rapid increase in unemployment rates, especially among young people. Also, because of the incredible breakthroughs in entertainment industry, people have become less active. That’s to say, they exercise less and spend more time sitting before the TV set or before their computers surfing the internet or playing video games. Additionally, the technological advancements in chemical industry have led to the spread of many dangerous diseases, like cancer, HIV, and H1N1.

What’s more, internet addiction is one of the negative outcomes of modern technology. Thus, technology can be a harmful and destructive tool sometimes.

To sum up, technology has become an essential part of our life. However, it’s a double-edged

sword that can change our lives to the better or to the worst. So, it’s entirely up to us to use it

wisely either or foolishly.

IBN SOULAYMANE ARRASSMOUKI

Unit 9

TECHNICAL HIGH SCHOOL Writing Assignment (pages 136/137)

An Article about Modern Smart Phones

I. Activity 1 page 136. Read the paragraph and answer the two questions.

II. Activity 2 page 136.

Fill in the table below with information about the characteristics of the latest mobile phones:

Form (outward qualities; design, size…) Functions (features, options, apps…)

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III. Activity 3 page 136. Follow the outline in activity 3, page 136, to structure and write your article.

N.B. Use the appropriate vocabulary and linking words/conjunctions.

Write well-structured paragraphs. (A Topic sentence, supporting sentences and a concluding sentence)

Respect the guidelines provided in the writing handout. (writing an expository article)

Modern Smart Phones

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Ibn Soulaymane Arrassmouki Unit 9: Grammar I Technical High School Worksheet 1 Correction Sheet

Expressing Hopes and Wishes (Present & Future)

• Hope mainly expresses a desire that is possible or likely to happen. (usually used with a verb in the present or future) My classmates hope our teacher postpones/will postpone the test. (possible or likely to happen)

I hope I finish this project on time. (I’m working really hard and it’s very likely that I will)

• Wish usually expresses a desire that is impossible or unlikely to happen. (used with the past or would/could…) Susan wishes she were rich so she could buy a new car. (very unlikely or almost impossible to happen)

I wish I could speak Japanese. (but it’s really hard for me to do so / very unlikely)

N.b. If only can also be used to express wishes. If only I had enough money to buy a new phone. = I wish.

Expressing

Wishes

Present Wishes Future Wishes

... Wish(es) + subject + past simple

We form wish clause using past simple to express our wishes or regrets for the present. Examples: • I wish I were rich as a princess. • She wishes she had a bigger house. • Thomas wishes he weren't a policeman. • They wish they could go to Paris.

... Wish(es) + subject + would We form wish clauses using would to express our wishes for the future. Examples: • I wish my son would go to a good high school. • My mother wishes I would become an engineer when I grow up. • the father wishes his son would do well at school this term.

Exercise 1. Write hope or wish(es) to complete the statements.

1. We hope that our children will be successful. (they usually get good marks) 2. I wish that Christmas were over.

3. We hope that this is satisfactory.

4. I wish I were ten again.

5. I wish I could go home now.

6. I hope she understands that she cannot expect a raise.

7. I wish you a good night. (expression)

8. I wish I would finish this work by to morrow evening.

9. The host wishes that the guests would leave very soon.

10.Tim wishes he lived in Italy.

11.The employees hope for a greater pay raise.

12.I hope that the police will take the strongest action against them.

13.I wish I knew more people.

14. Karim wishes he were doing well this semester. (But he is not)

Exercise 2. Put the verbs in the convenient forms, making present/future wishes.

1. I wish I (be) were/would be³ the manager of this company.

2. I wish my brother (get) would get marks in the exams next June². (but he’s lazy and reluctant) 3. Larry wishes he (be) were¹ on a spa holiday relaxing rather than working in the office now¹. 4. Mary feels homesick. She wishes she (be) were¹ in her home with her parents now¹.

5. If only I (finish) finished/would finish³ this project.

6. I wish you (bring) brought/would bring³ me a glass of water. I am very thirsty.

7. You look overweight. I wish you (attend) would attend² a gym this summer².

8. Michael wishes his father (give) Would give² him £100 for the school trip next month².

9. Mr. Parker wishes there (not/be) weren’t/wouldn’t be³ mosquitoes around. They bite him badly.

10. I wish people (not/cut) wouldn’t cut⁴ the trees any more.

11. My mother wishes I (take) would take² her to the hospital for her operation this weekend². 12.Pam wishes she (have) had¹ an mp3 player. She could listen to music now¹.

13.I wish I (know) knew¹ more about cooking. I have to prepare something special for my guests. (now) 14. We wish we (win) would win² the match next Sunday². We will be this year's champion then.

15. Ashley's mother wishes she (do) would do² well in her job interviews next week².

1 Notice that wish/if only + the past simple is mainly used when you want things to happen now, at the moment of speaking (or around it.)

2 Notice that would/could + infinitive is used to refer to future actions, when a future time expressions is used.

3 In these examples you can use both forms with a slightly different meaning. If you use the past simple (finished) , it would mean that you need to finish now (the present time) not before, not later. But if you use would/could + infinitive (would finish) , in this case more focus is put on the future; you want to finish sooner.

4 Notice that Would/could + infinitive is the preferred form when expressing annoyance/when you want people to change a bad habit, etc.

Ibn Soulaymane Arrassmouki Unit 9: GRAMMAR 2 Technical High School Wishes / Conditional Type 3

Correction Sheet

I. Present/Future and Past Wishes

Exercise. 1

N.B. if you have a verb in the present simple tense/… (Make a present wish: wish/if only+past simple/…) Ö Example: I don’t understand this lesson. I wish I understood this lesson.

if you have a verb in the past simple tense/… (Make a past wish: wish/if only+past perfect/…) Ö Example: I lost my keys. I wish / If only I hadn’t lost my keys.

Notice how affirmative forms turn into negative ones and vice versa, to sustain the same meaning in the sentences below (example: if you don’t have something you’d wish you had it). Review the detailed lessons before answering.

1) I don’t have a bigger house. If only I had a bigger house. (I need it now that’s why the past simple is better) 2) George isn’t here and I need him. I wish were here. (I need him now, not later)

3) My house doesn’t get sun. I wish got sun. (I wish my house got sun now, not later) 4) I didn’t bring my camera (I needed it to take some photographs).

If only I had brought my camera. (I need my camera now, not later)

5) A lot of people drop litter in the street. You don’t like this. What do you say?

I wish wouldn’t drop litter in the street. (would + infinitive is used when you people to change bad habits) 6) Ahmed missed the lesson yesterday.

Ahmed wished/wishes hadn’t missed the lesson. (This is a past wish/regret = impossible to change)

7) Leila didn’tlearn English in high school. (She can’t communicate with foreigners.)

Leila wished/wishes she had learned/learnt English in high school. (This is a past wish/regret)

8)Ali didn’trevise well for the exam. (He finds it a bit challenging.)

Ahmed wished/wishes had revised well for the exam. (This is a past wish/regret = impossible to change) N.B.

Notice how affirmative statements become negative and vice versa when you make present/future or past wishes.

II. Conditional Type 3:

If + Subject + Past Perfect ,+ Subject + Would/could… have + Past Participle Subject +Would/could… have + Past Participle + If + Subject + Past Perfect

Exercise. 2

1) The weather was not fine, so I stayed at home.

If had been fine, I wouldn’t have stayed at home.

2) I didn’t have money, so I couldn’t buy the book.

If I had had money, I could have bought the book.

3) We went to the beach, but it rained and we got wet.

If it hadn’t rained, we wouldn’t have gotten wet.

If we hadn’t gone to the beach, we wouldn’t have gotten wet.

4) She touched my new vase, and broke it.

If she hadn’t touched my vase, she wouldn’t have broken it.

5) We didn’t buy the house we wanted because it was too far from the city.

We would have bought the house if it hadn’t been too far from the city.

6) Peter twisted his ankle because he fell.

Peter wouldn’t have twisted his ankle if he hadn’t fallen.

7) We didn’t move to London last year and so I didn’t learn English.

If we had moved to London last year, I would/could have learned/learnt English.

8) My parents didn’t buy the car as it was too expensive.

If the car hadn’t been too expensive, my parents would/could have bought it.

9) His sister didn’t get the job because she didn’t have a driving license.

His sister would/could have gotten the job if she had had a driving license.