Page1sur 3 D- Turn the following sentences into active,or passive.
1) The song was being sung.' ~l
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i. "1) My grandfather was nÜiety whèn he died. '[,1\)1•.-0 [)~c)[A.rt:L,.) 1h;') " 1 cl! 'v' ~,\ ' :
2) Maurelle visits her boyfriend twice a week. I;-'~.Cl'" C,,'i '.' " ,1'te,' .;:" ;'
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5) The headmaster's Peugeot 306 cost forty million in 1995. WJ\,"'! ',n~.L \/_.~~1/1/..;,.
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Rewrite the'following sentences usiIig the prompts given. Don't change their mèanirtg~-1., 1)' They cancelled ail flights because .of bad(;\)'(eather. " .. ' ,'. All the
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'-'-_;-~..I-~---~_;----'2) Althoughhe ispOÇlr,he is h1)ne,st." . .
• Despite -..x.j_r",_i.":2_",~J._:;}~_~~;.d'__L\,;L5::.tL'2:..'d'.f:-~'L_:~:'_~__::__:"_/~~-~--
---,,---3) I've never ~~.eIvuch ahigh building., " ,
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---4) You inay gôto Nigeria, 1'11marry you. ,
,• No matter ---~---~--- -5) Don'ttry to convince him.,
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.J'Cl, , ,J' '.'A- FiUin each gap with the right answer. Oon't copy the sentences. 1) --- children must have time to play. '
a) The b) their c) ~ d) a
2) Adjovi won the first press production --- of the yêar. a) Present b) price c) prize d) gift 3) Dogs don't fly. Pigs don't --- ,
a)so' b) neither c)either d)nor
4) Still water ----'- deep.
a)Had run b) runs c) run d) ran
5) He hasn't eaten anything sirice his father
---a) had died b)death c) died d) dies
6) Nelly has been playing the piano
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7) ---she went, she couldn't find matches to buy.
a) 'whenever
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b) no matter where c) no matter when ~8 The criteria of ---- beauty change with the time.
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b) the c) any d) a9 Sherri is ---- hard-working girl in the form.
a) niost b) the most c) more d) the more
10 The highest mark ---::.- l've ever got is 19.75.
a) Which b) that c) whom d) who
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Page 2 sur 3
As a follow-up to the initial Christian-Muslim eommittee, the government felt the need
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create a permanent inter-religious council to foster co-existence among Christians and MuslimsLIt established the Advisory Council on religious Affairs (AC RA) in July 1987, which consisted of 24 religious leaders drawn equally from the Christian 'and Muslirn communitie~ ACRA nin into difficulties in its very first meeting when if was unable to appoint a chairman for the.council. Its suggestion that there be two chairmen acting in rotation was rejected by government, A December meeting of ACRA. resulted in a protest from Christian members over matters of substance regarding
the government decree that established the council. Of particular concem was the defining of Council as: "serving as an avenue for articulating cordial. relationship among the various religious groups and between the Federal Government" and "serving as a forum for hamessing religions toserve national
.goals to,:~rds ~conomic recovery'l'consolidation of nati?nal unity, and pr<2Fo.tion of political cohesio? and stability. [I'he government amended the decree In February 1988~ nevertheless, the Council remained idle~en as religious tensions were rising in the country. _: . .
The next attetppts at religious dialogue came during the government of Chief Olusegun Obasanjo, 1999-20rl7. President Obasanjo instituted the Nigeria Inter religious Council (NIREC),
which was established Inlate.2000 after the devastating religious riot over sharia in Kaduna State. The polarization between Christians and Muslims in reaction to the large-scale destruction of lives and properties eventually led ta the division of the city of Kaduna into sharia areas and non-sharia areas. lfresident Obasanjo, shocked by the magnitude of the déstruction, established NIREC and appointed a
person who had been serving as chaplain ta the president, Rev. Professor yesufu obaje, as NIREC's national Coordinator and secretary. The Council was organized to provide a permanent forum where Christians and Muslims could foster and strengthen mutual understanding through dialogue. The
. <council was made up of an equal number of Christians and Muslims and was headed by the Sultan of
Sokoto (the leading Muslim ruIer) and the National President of the Christian association' of Nigeria. Text: Inter-Religious Peace Building Opportunities i ,)
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J ,"~- Suspicion and conflict have characterized Christian-Muslim relations in Nigeria since the era. Political manipulation of religious sentiments from the 19605 to the 1980s pitted religious
_..·,~,_. commuuities.cagainst.ceac __ o.tb.eLand_intensi ~r.Q.l!p_pereeQ.tiQ!lLQf. _poli!Jcal insec~ri!y..and _
marginalization un both sides of tho, religious divide. Addcd to this were ethnie identities that overlapped with religious affiliations in a context where national cohesion was rather low. Consequently, one religious crisis mërged into another while no concrete attempts were made to address root causes of any of these cries.
In 1986 thé first attempt was made to facilitate religious dialogue between Christians and Muslims. This attempt grew out of yet another religious crisis, this one also of national proportions. In January 1986, it was leaked to the Nigerian press that Nigeria had been admitted into the organization of the Islamic Conference (OIC) - after maintaining an observer status for 17 years. The OIC, largely dominated by Arab countries and steeped in Islamic principles, purports to foster economie activities among member states. Not surprisingly, there was a flood of'protests about this membership from Christians and secularists in the country. Tensions flared when Ebitu Ukiwe, a Christian who was second in command in the Nigerian government; claimed to know nothing about membership and insisted that the Armed forces Ruling Couricil (the governing body during military rule in Nigeria) had made no such decision.
In .order to defuse the tensiong Ibrahim Babangida, the then head of state,'set up an ad-hoc committee comprised of Christians and Muslims to investigate the implications of Nigeria's membership in OIC. The committee met but n~rer arrived at any concrete decision, largely~ecau~e the members ~ere polar.ized alon~ religi~us lin~l Moreov~r,the fact that ~ulari~ts were not iricluded on the committee, despite the national dimensions of the Issue, showed insincerity on the part of the government. (Interestingly, the 1987 religious riot in Kafachan took place as this debate was ranging.)
~.', II-READING COMPREHENSION
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3). Someone broke thewindow pane few minutes ago,
4) Wasn't a record player brought by Mahugbètchè? 5) Who srnokes cigarette?
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Page3 sur 3 NB;-Not more than 20 lines.
III-WRITING
Suppose you were member of a religious peace keeping organization. What should you do to
promote peace in electoral period?
Translate the following passage of the text iuto French:
"President Obasanjo, shocked bythe magnitude --.;.~~---"
Down to ,,---Christian Assoc-- iation ofNigeria."
Find in the text word or expression meaning: Be allowed to (paragraph 2)
Reduce the dangerous tension inadifficult situation (paragraph 3) Importance or degree of (paragraph 5)
Make stronger (paragraph 5)
Give answers to the following questions.
Was the Babangida's approach to defuse the religious tension born from the so-called admission of Nigeria into OIC work? Why?
What was the aim behind the establishment of the Advisory Council on Religious Affairs (ACRA)? When was it amended?
What was the event that led to the establishment of the NIREC by Olusegun Obasanjo?
Why does NIREC continue fighting for peaceful coexistence between Muslims and Christians . where ACRA failed? B-I) 2) 3) 4)
...
C-l) 2) 3) 4) D -FromA- Choose the best ending for the following sentences. Use letters and numbers only.
1) NIREC stands for:
a) Nigeria Independent relation for Economy and commerce
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c) Nigeria inter religious Council
d) Nigeria Inter religious Council for peace and tolerance . 2) AeRA ran into difficulties iri its very first meeting because:
a) The government of Ibrahim Babangida rejected the suggestion of two chairmen in the headof ACRA
b) The Council remained idle even as religious tensions were rising in the country c) The Nigerian government hadn't enough money to open an office for ACRA. d) The Nigeria religious leaders were unable to make peace
3) The Nigeria Inter Religious Council was established in: a) -2oo7
b) July 1987 c) January 1986
d) Late 2000 .
4) ln order to create permanent ·inter religious council to foster peaceful co-existence between Christians and Muslims, the gii),vemment of Babangida established the:
a) Organization of the Islamië conferencè+Olf.)
b) Nigeria Inter religious Cou ne il (NIREC)
c) Advisory Council on religious affairs (ACRA) d) Christian Association of Nigeria (CAN)
~~~~--~~~~~~~~--~~~~~~~~~~~--~~---_-
-Source: Internet press release, Nigeria
An' office was operied in Abuja and regular meetings were scheduled.rCurrently, a new national
coordinator, Prof essor Ishaq Oloyede, continues to pursue the agenda of peaceful co-existence
between the major religions in the country.'
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