Optimal Justice in a General Equilibrium Model with Non Observable Individual Productivities

Montréal Octobre 1999

Série Scientifique

Scientific Series

Optimal Justice in a

General Equilibrium Model

with Non Observable

Individual Productivities

CIRANO

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Les organisations-partenaires / The Partner Organizations $École des Hautes Études Commerciales

$École Polytechnique $Université Concordia $Université de Montréal

$Université du Québec à Montréal $Université Laval

$Université McGill $MEQ

$MRST

$Alcan Aluminium Ltée $Banque Nationale du Canada $Bell Québec

$Développement des ressources humaines Canada (DRHC) $Egis

$Fédération des caisses populaires Desjardins de Montréal et de l=Ouest-du-Québec $Hydro-Québec

$Imasco

$Industrie Canada $Microcell Labs inc.

$Raymond Chabot Grant Thornton $Téléglobe Canada

$Ville de Montréal

© 1999 Pierre Lasserre et Antoine Soubeyran. Tous droits réservés. All rights reserved. Reproduction partielle permise avec citation du document source, incluant la notice ©.

Short sections may be quoted without explicit permission, provided that full credit, including © notice, is given to the source.

ISSN 1198-8177

Ce document est publié dans l=intention de rendre accessibles les résultats préliminaires de la recherche effectuée au CIRANO, afin de susciter des échanges et des suggestions. Les idées et les opinions émises sont sous l=unique responsabilité des auteurs, et ne représentent pas nécessairement les positions du CIRANO ou de ses partenaires.

This paper presents preliminary research carried out at CIRANO and aims at encouraging discussion and comment. The observations and viewpoints expressed are the sole responsibility of the authors. They do not necessarily represent positions of CIRANO or its partners.

Optimal Justice in a General Equilibrium Model with

Non Observable Individual Properties

Pierre Lasserre

, Antoine Soubeyran

Résumé / Abstract

Nous étudions dans un modèle d'équilibre général le rôle du système judiciaire comme instrument d'allocation des activités de production et de prédation. Les décisions individuelles se prennent compte tenu, à la fois des sentences que l'on peut escompter à la suite d'activités prohibées, et de la mesure dans laquelle, à l'équilibre, les producteurs peuvent s'approprier le fruit de leurs efforts. Comme les capacités productives diffèrent d'une personne à l'autre, il est socialement désirable de prendre en compte des considérations d'équité et d'efficacité dans la conception des institutions : la prédation est une forme de redistribution des plus productifs vers les moins productifs. Nous étudions les faits stylisés qui caractériseraient un tel système lorsque les productivités individuelles ne sont pas observables et que tant le niveau de détection que la précision des décisions de justice sont des caractéristiques coûteuses des institutions.

In this general equilibrium model, justice and police institutions are treated as a mechanism that induces individuals to extend some desirable productive effort. This determines individual encroachment activities which in turn determine the proportion of aggregate production that fails to be appropriated, and the private incentives to choose productive activities. Since individuals have different productive abilities society would ideally take both equity and efficiency into consideration in the design of its institutions: encroachment is a form of redistribution from the most talented individuals to the least talented ones. We study the stylized properties that should arise when individual productivities are not observable by the system, and when both detection levels and justice accurary are costly instruments.

Mots Clés : Justice, institutions, incitations, crime, information, observabilité, agence, équilibre général

Keywords: Justice, institutions, incentives, crime, information, observability, agency, general equilibrium

JEL: D23, D62, D63, D7, D82

* _{Corresponding Author : Pierre Lasserre, CIRANO, 2020 rue University, 25}ème _{étage, Montréal, Qc, Canada}

H3A 2A5 Tél. : (514) 985-4011 Fax : (514) 985-4039 courriel : lasserrp@cirano.umontreal.ca Financial support from theFCAR funds and the CNRS is gratefully acknowledged.

†

Université du Québec à Montréal and CIRANO

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