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ﺭﻭﺘﻜﺩﻝﺍ ﻑﺍﺭﺸﺇ
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ﻡﺴﻻﺍ ﺏﻘﻠﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﺒﺘﺭﻝﺍ ﺔﻌﻤﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﻔﺼﻝﺍ ﺩ/ ﷲﺍ ﺏﺎــﺠ ﺩﻤــﺤﺃ ﺃ ﺭﻀﺎﺤﻤ ﺫﺎﺘﺴ ﺔﻌﻤﺎﺠ ﺝﺎﺤﻝﺍ ﻝ ﺭﻀﺨ -ﺔﻨﺘﺎﺒ ﺎﺴﻴﺌﺭ ﺩ/ ﻋ ﺒ ﻥﺒ ﺩﻴﻤﺤﻝﺍ ﺩ ﺔﻴﺭﺨﺴ ﺃ ﺭﻀﺎﺤﻤ ﺫﺎﺘﺴ ﺔﻌﻤﺎﺠ ﺝﺎﺤﻝﺍ ﻝ ﺭﻀﺨ -ﺔﻨﺘﺎﺒ ﺍﺭﺭﻘﻤﻭ ﺎﻓﺭﺸﻤ ﺩ/ ﺴﻴﻋ ـ ﻤ ﻰ ـ ﺭﻭﺩ ﺭﻀﺎﺤﻤ ﺫﺎﺘﺴﺃ ﻤﺎﺠ ﺔﻌ ﺝﺎﺤﻝﺍ ﻝ ﺭﻀﺨ -ﺔﻨﺘﺎﺒ ﺎﺸﻗﺎﻨﻤ ﺍﻭﻀﻋ ﺩ/ ﻤﺤﻤﺃ ـ ﻓ ﺩ ـ ﺭﺍﺭﻭ ﺭﻀﺎﺤﻤ ﺫﺎﺘﺴﺃ ﺭﻀﻴﺨ ﺩﻤﺤﻤ ﺔﻌﻤﺎﺠ . ﺓﺭﻜﺴﺒ ﺎﺸﻗﺎﻨﻤ ﺍﻭﻀﻋ
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2007
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ﺔـــﻤﺩﻘـﻤ : ﻪﺒﺎﺤـﺼﺃ ﻭ ﺭﺎـﻬﻁﻷﺍ ﻪـﺘﻴﺒ لﺁ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻭ ﺩﻤﺤﻤ ﺎﻨﻴﺒﻨ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻡﻼﺴﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺓﻼﺼﻝﺍ ﻭ ﷲ ﺩﻤﺤﻝﺍ ﺩﻌﺒ ﺎﻤﺃ ﺭﺎﻴﺨﻷﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻡﻬﻨﺄﺸ ﻥﻭﺭﻜﺫﺘﻴ ﻻ ﻩﺭﻌﺸ ﻭﺃ ﻪﺒﺩﺃ ﻭ ﺱﻝﺩﻨﻷﺍ ﻥﻭﺭﻜﺫﻴ ﻥﻴﺤ ﻥﻴﺼﺼﺨﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺩﺎﻘﻨﻝﺍ لﻌﻝ ﻙﻝﺫ ﻥﻭﺭﻜﺫﻴ ﻭﺃ ،ﻼﻴﺩﺒ ﺎﻨﻴﻨﺍﺩﺘ ﻥﻤ ﻲﺌﺎﻨﺘﻝﺍ ﻰﺤﻀﺃ ﺩﻗ ﻭ ﺓﺩﻻﻭ ﻭ ﻥﻭﺩﻴﺯ ﻥﺒﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ ،ﻡﻫﺭﻴﻏ ﻥﺄﺸ ﻡﻬﻠﻴﻤﺘـﺴﺘ ﻭﺃ ﺔـﻨﺘﺎﻔﻝﺍ ﺎﻫﺭﻭﺼ ﻲﻓ ﻥﻭﻤﻴﻬﻴﻓ ﺔﺒﻼﺨﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺴﻝﺩﻨﻷﺍ ﺔﻌﻴﺒﻁﻝﺍ ﻑﺼ ﻭ ﻑﺼﻭﻝﺍ ﺭﻌﺸ ـﻬﺘﺠﺎﺒﻴﺩ ﺀﺍﺭﻌـﺸﻝﺍ ﻥﺴﺤﺃ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻌﺸﻷﺍ ﻙﻠﺘﺒ ﻡﻬﺤﻭﺭ ﺵﺘﻨﺘﻓ ﻥﻭﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺱﻨﻷﺍﻭ ﻭﻬﻠﻝﺍ ﺱﻝﺎﺠﻤ ﺎ ﺎﻋﻭﻀﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻫﺭﻴﻏﻭ ﺔﺒﻭﺫﻋ ﻭ ﺔﻤﻼﺴ ﻭ ﺔﻗﺩ ﺎﻬﻠﻜ ﻲﻨﺎﻌﻤ ﺭﻋﺎﺸﻝﺍ ﻡﻬﻠﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺕ . ﺓﻻﻭﻝﺍ ﺩﻬﻋ ﻲﻓ ﺔﺼﺎﺨ ﻭ ﺱﻝﺩﻨﻷﺍ ﺡﺎﺘﺘﻓﺍ ﺦﻴﺭﺎﺘ ﺢﻔﺼﺘﺃ ﺎﻨﺃﻭ ﻲﻫﺎﺒﺘﻨﺍ ﺕﻔﻝ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻥﻜﻝ ) 92 ـﻫ -129 ـﻫ ( ﺔﻴﻭﻤﻷﺍ ﺔﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺩﻬﻋ ﻭ ) 138 ـﻫ -422 ـﻫ ( ﺔﻴﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻋﺍﺭﺼﻝﺍ ﻙﻠﺘ ﻭﻫ ﻻﺎﻐﺸﻨﺍ ﻭ ﺎﻴﺎﻀﻗ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻬﻨﻋ ﺏﺘﺭﺘ ﺎﻤ ﻭ ﺔﻴﺠﺭﺎﺨﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺔﻴﻠﺨﺍﺩﻝﺍ ﺕـﻜﺭﺤ ﻭ ﺱﺎﻨﻝﺍ ﺭﻋﺎﺸﻤ ﺕﺒﻝﺃ ﺕ ﻪـﻨﻜﻝ ﺩﺤﺍﻭ ﻊﻤﺘﺠﻤ ﺎﻫﺍﻭﺘﺤﺍ ﻰﺘﺸ ﺭﺼﺎﻨﻋ ﺕﺒﻁﻘﺘﺴﺍ ﺱﻝﺩﻨﻷﺍ ﺩﻼﺒ ﻥﺃ ﻭ ﺔﺼﺎﺨ ﺓﺎﻴﺤﻝﺍ ﺏﻴﻝﺍﻭﺩ ﻕﺎﻘﺸ ﺙﺩﺤ لﺒ ،ﻯﺭﺎﺼﻨﻝﺍ ﻭ ﻥﻴﻤﻠﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺏﻭﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﺼﺘﻘﻴ ﺫﺇ ﻉﺍﺭﺼﻝﺍ ﻉﺍﻭﻨﺄﺒ ﻲﻠﻐﻴ ﻥﺎﻜ ﺒ ﺔﺼﺎﺨ ﺏﺍﺯﺤﻷﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺭﺸﻝﺍ ﺏﺼﻭﺼﻋﺍ ﻭ ﺔﻨﺘﻔﻝﺍ ﺕﻤﺎﻗ ﻭ ﻡﻬﺴﻔﻨﺃ ﻥﻴﻤﻠﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺭﻴﺒﻜ لﺌﺎﺒﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﻴ ﻥﻴـﺒ ﺔـﻴﺒﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎـﻋﺯﺎﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻭ ،ﺔـﻴﻠﺒﻘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺒﺼﻌﻝﺍ ﻡﻬﻌﻤ ﺕﻠﻘﺘﻨﺎﻓ ﻕﺭﺸﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻤﺩﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻁﻠﺴﻝﺍ ﻭ ﻡﻜﺤﻝﺍ لﻭﺤ ﺔﻴﻨﻤﻴﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺔﻴﺴﻴﻘﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﻨﺩﻌﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﻁﺤﻘﻝﺍ . ﻰـﻠﻋ ﺏﺭﻐﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺭﺒﺍﺭﺒﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﺜ ﻥﺃ ﺙﺩﺤﻓ ﻡﻬﺴﻔﻨﺄﺒ ﻥﻭﺩﺘﻌﻴ ﺍﻭﻨﺎﻜ ﺭﺒﺭﺒﻝﺍ ﻥﺄﺒ ﺕﺩﺠﻭ ﻭ ﻷﺍ ﺕﺎﺒﻓ ،ﻥﻴﻴﺭﺼﻤﻝﺍ ﻭ ﻥﻴﻴﻤﺎﺸﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻭﻤﻷﺍ ﺔﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ لﻅ ﻲﻓ ﻰﺘﺤ ﺎﻬﻨﻤ ﻡﻠﺴﺘ ﻡﻝ ﻭ ﻰﻀﻭﻓ ﻲﻓ ﺱﻝﺩﻨ ﺽﻌﺒـﻝﺍ ﻡﻬـﻀﻌﺒﻝ ﻡﺎـﻜﺤﻝﺍ ﺎﻫﺭﻴﺩﻴ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺩﺌﺎﻜﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻭﺃ ﻥﻴﺩﻝﻭﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻤﻝﺎﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻑﺭﻁ ﻥﻤ ﺔﺼﺎﺨ ﺭﺨﺁ ﻭﺃ ﺏﺒﺴﻝ . ﺓﺭﻜﻓ ﻲﻨﻫﺫﺒ ﺕﻘﻠﻋ ﻕﻠﻁﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻥﻤ " ﺕﺎﻋﺍﺭﺼﻝﺍ ." ﺒ ﺎﻬﺘﻴﻤﺴﺘ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺢﻠﻁﺼﺍ ﻥﺁﺭﻘﻝﺍ ﺕﺩﺠﻭﻓ ﻲﻨﻴﺩﻝﺍ ﺎﻨﺜﺍﺭﺘ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺭﻫﺎﻅﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻥﻋ ﺕﺜﺤﺒ ﻊﻓﺍﺩﺘﻝﺎ ﺩﻭﺠﻭﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺌﺎﻨﺜﻝ ﺔﻴﺎﻤﺤ ﻲﻫ ﻲﺘﻝﺍﻭ . ﻪـﻴﻓ ﺭﺩﻗ ﻡﻭﻴ لﻭﺃ ﺫﻨﻤ ﺭﻭﻀﺤ ﺎﻬﻝ ﻥﺎﻜ ﺔﻴﻨﻭﻜﻝﺍ ﺔﻨﺴﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻭ ﺎﻤﺩﻁﺼﻴ ﻥﺃ لﻁﺎﺒﻝﺍﻭ ﻕﺤﻠﻝ . ﻯﻭﺘـﺴﻤ ﻰـﻠﻋ ﺩـﺠﻴ ﺎـﻤﻜ ﺩﺍﺭـﻓﻷﺍ ﻯﻭﺘﺴﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺩﺠﻴ ﻪﻨﺃ ﺎﻤﻜ ﺕﻝﺀﺎﺴﺘ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﺄﺘ ﺔﻔﻗﻭ ﺩﻌﺒ ﻭ ﻡﻤﻷﺍﻭ ﺕﺎﻋﺎﻤﺠﻝﺍ : ﺩﺎـﻌﺒﻷﺍﻭ لﺎﻜﺸﻷﺍ ﺓﺩﺩﻌﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻋﺍﺭﺼﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻬﻝ لﻫ ﻲﻓ ﻯﺩﺼ ﻪـﻝ ﺔـﻴﻝﻭﺃ ﺓﺭﻭـﺼ ﻁﻴـﻁﺨﺘ ﻭ ﻪﻠﻤﺄﺘ ﻭ ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺏﻴﻠﻘﺘ ﺭﺜﺇ ﻭ ؟ﻲﺴﻝﺩﻨﻷﺍ ﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ
ﻲﺴﻝﺩﻨﻷﺍ ﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ " ﺓﺭﺎﻤﻹﺍ ﺩﻬﻋ ﻲﻓ " ﻭ ﺎـﻬﺜﺩﺍﻭﺤ ﺔـﻌﻴﺒﻁﻝ ﺔـﺴﺍﺭﺩ لﺤﻤ ﺓﺭﺘﻔﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺕﺭﺘﺨﺍ ﺎﻫﺭﻌﺸ . ﺭﻜﻔﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﻁﺘ ﻲﻫﺎﺒﺘﻨﺍ ﺩﺸ ﺩﻗ ﻭ ﺘﺴﺍﻭ ﻲﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﻲﻋﺍﺭﺼﻝﺍ ﺎﻔ ﻉﻭـﻀﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺡﺭﻁ ﻲﻓ ﻪﺘﻀ ﻰﻝﻭﻷﺍ ﺕﺩﺠﻭﻓ ﻊﻓﺍﺩﺘﻝﺍ ﻭ ﻉﺍﺭﺼﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺕﻨﺯﺍﻭ ﻉﺍﺭﺼﻝﺍ ﺢﻠﻁﺼﻤ ﻲﻓ ﻩﺭﺼﺤﺘ ﺔﻴﺩﺎﻤ ﺔﻴﻭﺍﺯ ﻥﻤ ﻭ ﺔـﻴﺩﺎﻤﻝﺍ ﺢﻝﺎﺼﻤﻝﺍ ﺽﺭﺎﻌﺘ لﻌﻔﺒ لﺼﺎﺤﻝﺍ ﻡﺼﺎﺨﺘﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺏﺫﺎﺠﺘﻝﺍ ﻙﻝﺫ ﺔﺠﻴﺘﻨ ﺓﺭﺘﻔﻝﺍ ﻙﻠﺘﻝ ﺢﻠﺼﺃ ﺔﻴﻌﻗﺍﻭﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﻫﺎﻔﻤﻝﺍ . ﺍﻭﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻊﻤ ﻲﺘﻠﺤﺭ ﺕﺃﺩﺒ ﺍﺫﻜﻫ ﻲـﻓ ﺔـﻠﺜﻤﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﺘﺩﺎـﻤ ﻊﻤﺠﺘـﺴﺍ ﺕﺤﺭﻓ ﻊﻀ ﺓﺭـﻜﻓ لـﻜﻓ ﺔﺒﻌﺸﺘﻤ ﺎﻬﺘﺎﻋﻭﻀﻭﻤ ﺕﺩﺠﻭﻓ ﺓﺭﻜﻔﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻝﺍﺩﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺎﻬﺒﺎﺤﺼﺃ ﺎﻬﻤﻅﻨ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻌﺸﻷﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﺎﻤ ﺔﻓﺭﻌﻤ ﻭ ﺎﻬﺌﺎﺼﻘﺘﺴﺍ ﻭ ﻲﻨﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺝﻭﻝﻭﻝ ﻲﺒﺤ ﻲﻓ ﺩﺍﺯ ﺎﻤ ﻭﻫ ﻭ ﺎﻬﺘﺨﺃ ﻕﻨﻌﺒ ﺩﺸﺘ ﺎﻨﻓ ﻭ ﺍﺭﻜﻓ ﻉﺍﺭﺼ . ﻥﺃ ﻭ ﺔﺼﺎﺨ ﺔﻴﻤﻫﺃ ﻲﺴﺘﻜﻴ ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﺕﺩﺠﻭ ﺍﺫﻬﻝ ﻭ ﻥﻤ ﻪﻴﻓ ﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺍﺫـﻫ ﻥﻤ ﻭﻫ ﻭ ﺭﺨﺁ ﺏﻌﺸ ﺭﻌﺸ ﻲﻓ ﻩﺩﺠﻨ ﻻ ﺎﻤ ﺔﻴﺨﻴﺭﺎﺘﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻤﺘﺠﻻﺍ ﻭ ﺔﻴﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﺕﻻﻻﺩﻝﺍ ﻡﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻭ ﻡﻠﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻕﺭﺸﻝﺍ ﻭ ﻲﺤﻴﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﺏﺭﻐﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ لﺼﻭ ﺔﻘﻠﺤ لﺜﻤﻴ ﻭﻬﻓ ﻲﻤﻝﺎﻋ ﺏﺩﺃ ﻕﻠﻁﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﺎـﺜﺁ ﻲﻓ ﻰﻠﺠﺘﺘ ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻤ ﻯﻭﻗ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺎﺤﺠﺭﺄﺘ ﻭ ﺎﻋﺍﺭﺼ لﺜﻤﻴ ﻲﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﻡﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﻭ ﻲﺒﺭﻐﻝﺍ ﻲـﻀﺎ ﺔـﺴﻜﺎﺸﺘﻤ ﺕﺎـﻗﻼﻋ ﺎـﻬﻨﺇ ﻪﺘﺎﻴﻠﺠﺘﺒ ﺩﻴﺩﺠﻝﺍ ﻱﺭﺎﻀﺤﻝﺍ ﻊﻗﺍﻭﻝﺍ ﻭ ﻪﺘﺎﻴﺒﺼﻋ ﻭ ﻪﺘﺎﻋﺍﺯﻨﺒ ﻲﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺩﺩـﻌﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺥﺎـﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺍﺫـﻫ ﺭﻓﻭ ﺩﻗ ﻪﻨﺎﻓ ﺕﺎﻫﺎﺠﺘﻻﺍ ﻭ ﺏﺭﺎﺸﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻤ ﺭﺎﻜﻓﺃ لﻌﻔﺒ ﺎﻨﺎﻴﺤﺃ ﺓﺭﻓﺎﻨﺘﻤ ﺩﺎﻌﺒﻷﺍ . ﺎﻫﺩﺎﻔﻤ ﺓﺭﻜﻓ ﺡﺭﻁﺃ ﻥﺃ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﺕﻝﻭﺎﺤ ﺩﻗ ﻭ : 1 . ﻥﻤ ﺓﺎﻴﺤﻠﻝ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﺔﺒﻜﺍﻭﻤ ﻯﺩﻤ ﻭ ﺎـﻬﺒ ﻪـﻝﺎﻌﻔﻨﺍ ﻭ ﺎـﻬﻌﻤ ﻪﻠﻋﺎﻔﺘ ﻭ ﺙﺍﺩﺤﻷﺍ لﻼﺨ ﺽﺭﺃ ﻕﻭـﻓ ﻡﺌﺎـﻘﻝﺍ ﻲﻨﺎـﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﻉﺍﺭـﺼﻝﺍ ﻲﻫ ﻭ ﺔﻴﻨﻭﻜﻝﺍ ﺔﻨﺴﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﺘﺤ ﻡﻀﺨ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﻨﻋ ﻩﺭﻴﺒﻌﺘ ﺱﻝﺩﻨﻷﺍ . 2 . لـﺤﺍﺭﻤ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻠﺤﺭﻤ لﻜ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﻤﺎﻀﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ لﺼﺎﺤﻝﺍ ﺩﺩﺠﺘﻝﺍ ﻙﻝﺫ ﺔﻅﺤﻼﻤ ﺎﻴﺠﺭﺎﺨ ﻡﺃ ﺎﻴﻠﺨﺍﺩ ﻥﺎﻜ ﺀﺍﻭﺴ ﻉﺍﺭﺼﻝﺍ . 3 . ﺍ ﺹﺌﺎﺼﺨﻝﺍ ﺯﺍﺭﺒﺇ ﺔﻝﻭﺎﺤﻤ ﻲـﻓ ﻱﺭﻌـﺸ ﻥﻭﻝ لﻜﻝ ﺔﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻤﺴﻝﺍ ﻭ ﻯﺭﺒﻜﻝﺍ ﻲﻨﻔﻝ ﻊﻓﺍﺩـﺘﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻊﻤ ﺎﺒﻴﻜﺭﺘ ﻭ ﺎﻅﻔﻝ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﻡﻏﺎﻨﺘﺘ ﻑﻴﻜ ﻯﺭﺨﺃ ﺓﺭﺎﺒﻌﺒ ﻭﺃ ﻉﺍﺭﺼﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺭﻴﺒﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﻡﻀﺨ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﺏﺭﺎﺠﺘﻝﺍ ﻭ ﻑﻗﺍﻭﻤﻝﺍ لﻜ لﻘﻨﻝ ﺔﻴﻌﻴﺒﻁ ﺓﺍﺩﺃ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺎﺒ لﺎﻜﺸﻷﺍ ﺩﺩﻌﺘﻤﻝﺍ .
لﻭﺼﻓ ﺔﺜﻼﺜ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺕﻠﻤﺘﺸﺍ ﺔﻁﺨ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺕﻀﺭﻋ ﺩﻗ ﻭ . ﻓ ﺕﺎـﻨﺌﺎﻜﻝﺍ ﺓﺎـﻴﺤ ﻲﻓ ﻉﺍﺭﺼﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻫﺎﻤ ﻑﺭﻋﺃ ﻥﺃ ﻪﻴﻓ ﺕﻝﻭﺎﺤ ﺎﻴﺩﻴﻬﻤﺘ ﻥﺎﻜ لﻭﻷﺍ لﺼﻔﻝﺎ ﺓﺩـﻋﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻡﻋ ﺎﻫﺭﻭﺼ ﻰﻗﺭﺃ ﻭﻫ ﻭ ﻥﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﺫﺸﻴ ﻡﻝ ﻭ ،ﺓﺎﻴﺤﻝﺍ ﻥﻭﻨﺎﻗ ﻪﻨﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺕﺍﺩﻭﺠﻭﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﺒﻝﺎﻐﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﻊﻓﺍﺩﺘﻠﻝ ﻪﻌﻓﺩﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻩﺯﺌﺍﺭﻏ ﻥﻤ ﺕﺩﺤ ﻭ ﻩﺍﻭﻗ ﺕﻤﻅﻨ لﻘﻌﻝﺍ ﻭ ﻥﺎﻴﺩﻷﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻡﻏﺭ . ﻨﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻙﻝﺫ ﺩﻌﺒ ﺕﻠﻘﺘﻨﺍ ﻥـﻋ ﺎﻨﻔﻗﻭﺘـﺴﺘ ﺕﺎﻁﺤﻤ ﺭﺒﺘﻌﺘ ﺙﺩﺍﻭﺤ ﺕﺩﺭﺴﻓ ﻲﺨﻴﺭﺎﺘﻝﺍ ﺏ ﺔﻴﺎﻏ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺓﺭﺎﻤﻹﺍ ﻭ ﺓﻻﻭﻝﺍ ﺩﻬﻋ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺩﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﻭ ﻙﻭﻠﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﻜﺤ لﺤﺍﺭﻤ ﻑﻠﺘﺨﻤ ﻲﻓ ﻪﺘﺎﻴﻝﺁ ﻭ ﻉﺍﺭﺼﻝﺍ ﺀﺍﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺓﺎﻴﺤ ﻭ ﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻙﻝﺫ ﺭﺜﺃ ﻑﺸﻜﻝ ﺔﺒﻁﺭﻗ ﻁﻭﻘﺴ ﻭ ﻯﺭﺒﻜﻝﺍ ﺔﻨﺘﻔﻝﺍ ﺙﻭﺩﺤ . ﺤﻤﺘﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻌﺸﻷﺍ ﻙﻠﺘ ﻥﻋ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﻜﻓ ﻲﻨﺎﺜﻝﺍ لﺼﻔﻝﺍ ﺎﻤﺃ ﻭ ﺔﻴـﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﺓﺎﻴﺤﻝﺍ لﻭﺤ ﺭﻭ ﻲﻓ لﺜﻤﺘﺘ ﺔﻴﻠﺨﺍﺩ ﻭﺃ ﻥﻴﺩﻝﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻥﻴﺭﺌﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﻭ ﻯﺭﺎﺼﻨﻝﺍ ﻊﻤ ﺔﻴﺠﺭﺎﺨ ﺕﺎﻋﺍﺭﺼ ﻥﻤ ﻪﺘﺯﺭﻓﺃ ﺎﻤ ﻭ ﺍﺭﺒﺭﺒ ﻭﺃ ﺎﺒﺭﻋ ﺕﺎﻴﻠﺒﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺕﺍﺭﻭﺜﻝﺍ ﻭ ﻥﺘﻔﻝﺍ . ﻕـﻤﻋ ﻭ ﺓﺭﺍﺭـﻤ ﻥﻋ ﻑﺸﻜﺘ ﻯﺭﺨﺃ ﺭﺎﻌﺸﺃ ﻡﺜ ﺃ ﺎﻬﺒﺒـﺴﺒ ﻭ ﻡـﻜﺤﻠﻝ ﺔﻀﻫﺎﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﻬﻔﻗﺍﻭﻤ ﺀﺍﺭﺠ ﻥﻤ ﺀﺍﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺽﻌﺒ ﺎﻬﺸﻴﻌﻴ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺓﺎﺴﺄﻤﻝﺍ ﺍﻭـﻋﺩﻭ ﺕـﻀﺨﻤﺘ ﺎـﻤﻜﺤ ﺎﻨﺎﻴﺤﺃﻭ ﺕﺎﻫﻭﺄﺘ ﻭ ﺕﺎﻫﺁ ﻡﻫﺭﻌﺸ ﺍﻭﻨﻤﻀ ﺩﻗ ﻭ ﺔﻴﺍﺫﻺﻝ ﺍﻭﻀﺭﻌﺘ ﻭﺃ ﻥﻭﺠﺴﻝﺍ ﻉﺩـﺨﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﺒﺩﺘ ﻲﻓ ﻡﻬﺴﻔﻨﺃ ﻡﺎﻜﺤﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻉﺍﺭﺼﻝﺍ لﺎﻜﺸﺃ ﺽﻌﺒ ﺩﺠﻨ ﺎﻤﻜ ﻲﺴﻔﻨﻝﺍ ﻉﺍﺭﺼﻝﺍ ﻭﺠ ﻥﻋ ﻡﻜﺤﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﺴ ﻲﻓ ﺀﺎﻘﺒﻠﻝ ﻡﺼﺨﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ لﺎﻨﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻀﺭﻐﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﺎﻋﺩﻝﺍﻭ . ﺍﺭﺠ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻌﻴﻀﻓ ﺕﺍﺩﺎﻘﺘﻨﻻ ﻡﺎﻜﺤﻝﺍ ﺽﺭﻌﺘ ﺩﻗ ﻭ ﺭﻴﻁﺨ ﻡﺍﺩﺼ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻲﻀﻔﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻡﻬﻔﻗﺍﻭﻤ ﺀ ﺔﻴﻋﺭﻝﺍ ﻊﻤ ﺠ ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻤ ﺭﻭﺼ ﻲﻓ ﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻪﻠﻤ . ﺔﻴـﺴﺎﻤﻝ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻴﻭﻨﺴﻝﺍ ﻭ ﻡﻜﺤﺘﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﺔﻴﺭﻭﺘﺎﻜﻴﺭﺎﻜ ﺎﻤﺃ ﻥﻴﺩﻗﺎﺤﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﻴﺒﻴﻠﺼﻝﺍ ﺩﻀ ﻭﺃ ﻥﺎﻁﻠﺴﻝﺍ ﻱﻭﺫ ﻭ ﺀﺎﻬﻘﻔﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺍﺭﺩﺎﺼ ﻥﺎﻜ ﺍﺫﺇ ﺔﻴﻨﻴﺩ . ﻥﻤ ﻊﻤﺘﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻘﺒﻁ ﻑﻠﺘﺨﻤ ﻊﻤ ﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻉﺍﺭﺼ ﺀﺍﺩﺼﺃ ﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺎﻨﻴﻝﺇ لﻤﺤ ﺎﻤﻜ ﺓﺎﻀﻗ ﺔﺤﻴـﻀﻓ ﺭﻫﺎـﻅﻤ ﻭ لﺎﻜـﺸﺃ ﻑﻗﻭﺘﺘ ﺔﻁﻴﺴﺒ ﺢﺌﺍﺭﺸ ﻥﻤ ﺩﺍﺭﻓﺃ ﻊﻤ ﻰﺘﺤ ﻭ ﺏﺎﺠﺤ ﻭ ﻥﻴﻴﻨﻐﻤ ﻭ ﺎﻬﻝ ﺓﺭﻭﺼ ﻡﺴﺭﻴﻓ . ﻭ ﺔـﺴﺎﻤﺤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻭﺠ ﺀﺎﻔﻀﺇ ﻲﻓ لﺜﻤﺘﺘ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﺕﺭﺜﺃ ﻊﻴﻀﺍﻭﻤ ﻉﺍﺭﺼﻝﺍ ﺭﻌﺸ ﺯﺭﻓﺃ ﺩﻗ ﻭ ﻥﻴﺩـﻫﺎﺠﻤ ﺓﺍﺯﻏ ﺔﻴﺒﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﻙﺭﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻑﻠﺘﺨﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺍﻭﻠﺘﻗ ﻥﻴﺫﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﺀﺎﺜﺭ ﻭ لﺎﻁﺒﻷﺍ ﺡﺩﻤ ﻭ ﺭﺨﻔﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﺴﺭﻓ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻴﻠﺒﻘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻋﺍﺭﺼﻝﺍ . ﻙﺭﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻭ ﻑﻭﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻭ لﻭﻴﺨﻝﺍ ﻑﺼﻭﻜ ﻑﺼﻭﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻋﻭﻀﻭﻤ ﻥﻤ ﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ لﺨﻴ ﻡﻝ ﻭ ﺔﻴﺒﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﻥﻔﺴﻝﺎﻜ ﺫﺌﺭﺼﻋ ﺭﺎﻤﺩﻝﺍ لﺌﺎﺴﻭ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻩﺍﺩﻌﺘ لﺒ ﺔﻴﺭﺎﻀﻝﺍ .
ﻱﻭﻤﻷﺍ ﺭﺼﻌﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺹﺌﺎﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺽﻌﺒ ﺭﻴﺒﻜ ﺩﺤ . ﻤﻜ ﻥﻭـﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﻭ ﻭـﻬﻠﻝﺍ ﻉﺎـﺒﺘﺇ ﻲـﻓ ﻑﺭﻁﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻥﻭﻝ ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻤﺘﺠﻻﺍ ﺓﺎﻴﺤﻝﺍ ﻙﻠﺘ ﻥﻋ ﻡﺠﻨ ﺎ ﻭـﻫ ﻪﻌﻗﺍﻭ ﻭﺃ ﻪﺴﻔﻨ ﻭ ﻥﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻲﻠﺨﺍﺩ ﻉﺍﺭﺼ ﻥﻋ ﻑﺸﻜﻴ ﻱﺭﻜﻓ ﻲﻠﻤﺄﺘ ﺭﻌﺸ ﻪﻨﻋ ﺽﺨﻤﺘ ﺕﺎﺼﺤﻤﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻌﺸ ﻪﻨﻋ ﻕﺜﺒﻨﺍ ﻰﻠﺠﺘﻴ ﻑﺭﺼﺘﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺩﻫﺯﻝﺎﺒ ﻪﺒﺸﺃ . ﺔﻴﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﻴﺘﻝﺍ ﺓﺎﻨﺒ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺩﺘﺸﺍ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻉﺍﺭﺼﻝﺍ ﻙﻝﺫ لﺎﻤﻫﺇ ﻥﻜﻤﻴ ﻻ ﻭ ﻩﺎﺠﺘﻻﺍ ﻭ ﺓﺩﻓﺍﻭﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺔﻝﺎـﺼﻷﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻉﺍﺭﺼ ﻪﻨﺍ ،ﺓﺩﻴﺩﺠﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻓﺎﻘﺜﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺓﺭﻭﺜﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ ﻡﻴﺩﻘﻝﺍ ﺱﻴﺩﻘﺘ ﺏﻭﺠﻭﺒ لﺌﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﻱﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﻡﻭﻴﻝﺍ ﻥﺤﻨ ﺎﻨﻤﻭﻬﻔﻤﺒ ﺓﺭﺼﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻭ . ﻥﻤ ﻉﺍﺭﺼﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ لﺍﺩﻝﺍ ﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻱﺃ ﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝ ﻪﺘﺼﺼﺨﻓ ﺙﻝﺎﺜﻝﺍ لﺼﻔﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻤﺃ ﺎﻫﺍﺭﺃ ﺏﻨﺍﻭﺠ ﻪﻴﻓ ﻑﺸﻜﺃ ﻥﺃ ﺕﻝﻭﺎﺤﻓ ﺔﻴﻨﻔﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺤﺎﻨﻝﺍ ﻲﻫ ﻭ ﺔﻤﺎﻫ : ﻭ ﻡﻴﺩـﻘﺘﻝﺍ ،ﺀﺎـﺸﻨﻹﺍ ﻭ ﺭـﺒﺨﻝﺍ ،لﻌﻔﻝﺍ ﺔﻝﻻﺩ ، لﻤﺠﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺏﻴﻜﺍﺭﺘﻝﺍ ،ﺎﻬﺘﻻﻻﺩ ﻭ ﻅﺎﻔﻝﻷﺍ ﻉﺍﺭﺼﻝﺍ ﻭﺠ ﻲﻓ ﻩﺭﺜﺃ ﻭ ﺭﻴﺨﺄﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴـﺴﻔﻨ ﺱﻜﻌﺘ ﻑﻴﻜ ﻭ ﺔﻴﺌﺎﺸﻨﻹﺍ ﺔﻠﻤﺠﻝﺍ ،ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﺭﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﻭ ﻁﺭﺸﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﺩ ﻭ ﺔﻴﻁﺭﺸﻝﺍ ﺔﻠﻤﺠﻝﺍ ﺭﻋﺎﺸﻝﺍ . ﻑﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﺭﻜﺘ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﻉﺍﺭﺼﻝﺍ ﺩﺎﻌﺒﺃ ﻑﺸﻜ ﻲﻓ ﻰﻘﻴﺴﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﺩ ﻥﺯﻭﻝﺍ ﺭﺜﺃ ﻭ ﻅﻔﻠﻝﺍ ﻭ ﻻﻭﺎـﺤﻤ ﻡﺼﺎﺨﺘﻝﺍ ﻭ ﻊﻓﺍﺩﺘﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻜﻔﺒ ﺎﻬﺘﻗﻼﻋ ﻭ ﺓﺭﻭﺼﻝﺍ ﺕﻝﻭﺎﻨﺘ ﺭﻴﺨﻷﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻭ ﻙﻝﺫ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻓﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﻭ لﻭﻝﺩﻤﻠﻝ ﺔﻴﻠﺠﺘ ﻭ ﻰﻨﻌﻤﻠﻝ ﺎﻘﻴﻤﻌﺘ ﻉﺍﺭﺼﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻭﺼ ﻡﺴﺭ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﺘﻤﻫﺎﺴﻤ ﻥﺎﻴﺒﺘ . ﺎﻬﻴﻝﺇ ﺕﻠﺼﻭﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺞﺌﺎﺘﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﺼﻼﺨ ﺎﻬﻨﻤﻀﺃ ﻥﺃ ﺕﻝﻭﺎﺤ ﺔﻤﺘﺎﺨﺒ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺕﻴﻬﻨﺃ ﺩﻗ ﻭ لﺎﺠﻤ لﻜ ﻲﻓ ﻩﺫـﻫ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺩﻤﺘﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻊﺠﺍﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺭﺩﺎﺼﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﺌﺎﻗ ﺕﻀﺭﻋ ﻡﺜ ،ﻉﺍﺭﺼﻝﺍ ﺕﻻﺎﺠﻤ ﻥﻤ ﺓﺭﻜﺫﻤﻝﺍ . ﻑﺭﺼﺘﻝﺍ ﻕﻴﺜﻭﺘ ﻲﻓ ﻡﻴﻗﺭﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺩﻤﺘﻋﺎﻓ ﻪﻨﺘﻤ ﻭ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﺵﻤﺎﻫ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺔﻗﻼﻌﻝﺍ ﺹﺨﻴ ﺎﻤﻴﻓ ﺎﻤﺃ ﺔـﻤﺠﺭﺘﻝﺍ ﻊـﻀﺍﻭﻤ ﻲـﻓ ﺔـﻤﺠﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﻗﻼﻋ ﺕﺩﻤﺘﻋﺍ ﻥﻴﺤ ﻲﻓ ،ﺭﺎﻜﻓﻷﺍ ﻭ ﻑﺭﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺭﺎﺒﺨﻷﺍ ﻭ ﻤﻬﺒﻤ ﻭﺩﺒﻴ ﺩﻗ ﺎﻤ ﺡﺭﺸ ﻭﺃ ﻡﻼﻋﻸﻝ ﺎ.
ﺍﺫﻫ ﺎﻬﻤﻫﺃ ﻕﺌﺍﻭﻋ ﺍﺫﻫ لﻜ ﻲﻓ ﻲﻨﺘﻀﺭﺘﻋﺍ ﺩﻗ ﻭ : 1 . ﻲـﻓ ﻉﺍﺭﺼﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻫﺎﻅ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﻱﺃ ﻪﻴﻝﺇ ﻲﻤﺭﺃ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺡﺭﻁﻝﺎﺒ ﻪﻝﻭﺍﺩﺘ ﺔﻠﻗ ﻭ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﺤ ﻲﻨﻔﻝﺍ ﻭ ﻲﺘﺎﻋﻭﻀﻭﻤﻝﺃ ﺎﻫﺭﺎﻁﺇ ﻲﻓ ﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ . 2 . ﻱﺃ ﻡﺎﺨﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﺎﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻓﻭﺘ ﻡﻏﺭ ﺔﻴﺒﺩﺃ ﺕﺎﻌﻠﻁﺘ ﻥﻤ ﺓﺭﻫﺎﻅﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺕﻝﻭﺎﻨﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻊﺠﺍﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻠﻗ ﻜ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﺔﻝﺍﺩﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻌﺸﻷﺍ ﺎﻬﺒ ﺭﻴﻨﺘﺴﺃ ﻲ . 3 . ﺔﻴـﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﺓﺎﻴﺤﻠﻝ ﻯﺩﺼ ﺎﻬﻨﻭﻜ ﻉﺍﺭﺼﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻌﺸﺃ ﻪﻓﺭﻌﺘ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ لﺨﺍﺩﺘﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺏﻌﺸﺘﻝﺍ ﻙﻝﺫ لﻜﻜ ﻥﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﺓﺎﻴﺤﻝ لﺒ . ﻪـﻴﺭﺘﻌﺘ ﻥﺃ ﺩـﺒ ﻻ ﻱﺭـﺸﺒ ﺩـﻬﺠ ﺔﺼﻼﺨ لﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻥﺃ ﺩﻜﺅﺃ ﺔﻤﺩﻘﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺭﺨﺁ ﻲﻓﻭ ﻥﺎـﺼﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﻥـﻤ ﻪﻴﻓ ﺎﻤ ﺕﻤﻠﻋ ﺎﻤﻝ ﻭ ،ﺹﻘﻨ ﻥﻤ ﻪﻴﻓ ﺎﻤﻝ ﻊﻔﺸﻴ ﺏﺍﻭﺼ ﻥﻤ ﻪﻴﻓ ﺎﻤ لﻌﻠﻓ ،ﺹﺌﺎﻘﻨ ﻲﻓ لﺎﻗ ﻻﺇ ﻪﻤﻭﻴ ﻲﻓ ﺎﺒﺎﺘﻜ ﻥﺎﺴﻨﺇ ﺏﺘﻜﻴ ﻻ ﻪﻨﺃ ﺕﻴﺃﺭ ﻲﻨﺄﻜﻝ ﻭ لﻴﻗ ﺩﻗ ﻭ ،ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﻭﻫ ﺎﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻪﺘﻤﺩﻗ ﻥﺴﺤﺘﺴﻴ ﻥﺎﻜﻝ ﺩﻴﺯ ﻭﻝ ﻭ ﻥﺴﺤﺃ ﻥﺎﻜﻝ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺭﻴﻏ ﻭﻝ ﻩﺩﻏ ... ﻥﺃ ﺩﻭﺃ ﺃ ﺕﻔﻝ ﻩﺎﺒﺘﻨﺍ ﺔـﺒﺎﺤﺭﺒ ﺎﻫﺎﻘﻠﺘﺄﺴ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻅﺤﻼﻤﻝﺍ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﻲﺼﺌﺎﻘﻨ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻲﺘﺫﺘﺎﺴﺃ ﻲﻓ ﻡﻫﺭﺒﺼ ﻭ ﻡﻫﺩﻬﺠ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﻔﻠﺴ ﻥﻭﺭﻭﻜﺸﻤ ﻡﻫﻭ ﺭﺩﺼ ﻡﻬﻤﻴـﻴﻘﺘﻭ ﻡﻬﻤﻴﻭﻘﺘ ﻭ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺓﺀﺍﺭﻗ ﺎـﺼﻴﺭﺤ ﻥﺎﻜ ﻪﻨﻷ ﻥﺎﻨﺘﻤﻻﺍ ﻭ لﻀﻔﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﺨﺴ ﻥﺒ ﺩﻴﻤﺤﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ ﺭﻭﺘﻜﺩﻝﺍ ﻑﺭﺸﻤﻝﺍ ﻱﺫﺎﺘﺴﻷ ﻭ ﻲﻝ ﺩﻭﻝﺍ ﺹﻝﺎﺨﻭ ﺭﻜﺸﻝﺍ لﻴﺯﺠ ﻲﻨﻤ ﻊﻴﻤﺠﻠﻠﻓ ﻲﻓﺎﻜﻝﺍ ﻪﻴﺠﻭﺘﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺔﻴﺎﻋﺭﻝﺍ ﻭ ﻡﻴﻘﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﺘﻜﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻓﻭﺘ ﻰﻠﻋ . ﻰﺘﺃ ﺎﻤ ﺀﺎﺨﺴ ﻥﺎﻜﺃ ﻰﺘﻔﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ لﺩﺘ ﻕﻼﺨﺃ ﺱﻔﻨﻠﻝ ﻭ ﺎﻴﺨﺎﺴﺘ ﻡﺃ
ﻪﻋﻭﻗﻭ ﻥﻤ ﺩﺒ ﻻ ﺭﻤﺃ ﻪﻨﻷ ،ﺓﺎﻴﺤﻝﺍ ﻥﻭﻨﺎﻗ ﻭﻫ لﺒ ،ﺓﺎﻴﺤﻝﺍ ﺔﻌﻴﺒﻁ ﻥﻤ ﺀﺎﻴﺤﻷﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻉﺍﺭﺼﻝﺍ ﻙﻝﺫ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺩﻫﺎﺸﻝﺍﻭ ،ﻡﻬﺘﺭﺎﻀﺤ ﺕﺭﻭﻁﺘ ﻭ ﻡﻬﻓﺭﺎﻌﻤ ﺕﻤﺩﻘﺘ ﻭﺃ ﻡﻫﺭﺎﻜﻓﺃ ﺕﻘﺘﺭﺍ ﺎﻤﻬﻤ ﺱﺎﻨﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻤ لﻭﺯﻴ ﻥﺃ ﻥﻜﻤﻴ ﻻ ﻉﺍﺭﺼﻝﺎﻓ ﻪﻴﻠﻋﻭ ،ﺔﻤﺩﺎﺼﻤﻭ ﺔﺒﻝﺎﻐﻤ ﻥﻤ ﻡﻤﻷﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻊﻘﻴ ﺎﻤ ﻑﺨﺘ ﻭﺃ ﺎﻴﻨﺩﻝﺍ ﻥ ﺔﻜﺭﺤﻝﺍﻭ ،ﺔﻜﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﻲﻫ ﺓﺎﻴﺤﻝﺎﻓ ،ﺎﻫﺭﻫﺍﻭﺠ ﻥﻤ ﺭﻫﻭﺠﻭ ﺓﺎﻴﺤﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﺭﺴﺃ ﻥﻤ ﺭﺴ ﻪﻨﻷ ﻙﻝﺫ ،ﻩﺩﺤ ﺭﻤﺘﺴﻤ ﻉﺍﺭﺼﻭ ﻡﺍﺩﺼﻭ ﻙﺎﻜﺘﺤﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻪﺜﺩﺤﺘ ﺎﻤﺒ ﺎﻫﺭﻴﻐﺘﻭ ﺓﺩﺎﻤﻝﺍ لﻭﺤﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻲﻫ : ﻪﻝﻭﻗ ﻰﻝﺎﻌﺘ :@ ŽËŽ×ÿjł~ŁÚ<ÿáç₣Ö]ÿˆÿè<ş÷ÿæ<ğìÿ‚Žu]ÿæ<ğíĆÚ₣_<ÿŒ^ĆßÖ]<ÿØÿÃÿrşÖ<şÔćeÿ…<ð^ÿ<łçşÖÿæ ÿ° ? ) 1 ( . ﺀﺍﻭﻬﻝﺍﻭ ﺀﺎﻤﻝﺎﻓ ،ﺭﻤﺘﺴﻤ ﻉﺍﺭﺼ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻁﻴﺴﺒ ﻭﺃ ،ﺔﺒﻜﺭﻤ ﺭﺼﺎﻨﻋ ﻥﻤ ﻥﻭﻜﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻤ لﻜ ﻥﺇ ﺔﻤﺌﺍﺩ ﺏﺭﺤ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﻠﻜ ﺭﺼﺎﻨﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻘﺒﻭ ﺓﺭﺍﺭﺤﻝﺍﻭ ... ﺭﻫﺍﻭﻅﻝﺍ ﻊﻴﻤﺠ ﺄﺸﻨﺘ ﺏﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻥﻤﻭ ﺓﺎﻴﺤﻝﺍ ﺡﺭﺴﻤ ﻑﻝﺅﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻓﺍﺭﻐﺠﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻌﻴﺒﻁﻝﺍ . لﻭﻴﺴﻝﺍﻭ ﻕﻋﺎﺼﻝﺍﻭ ﺩﻭﻋﺭﻝﺍﻭ ﻕﺭﺒﻝﺍﻭ ﺏﺤﺴﻝﺍﻭ ﻑﺼﺍﻭﻌﻝﺍﻭ ﺡﺎﻴﺭﻝﺎﻓ ﻲﻫ ﺭﺎﻬﻨﻷﺍﻭ ﻉﺍﺭﺼﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﻯﺭﺠﻴﻭ ﻻﺇ ﻥﻭﻜﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺫ ﻥﻤ ﺓﺭﺫ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻤﻓ ،لﺎﺘﻘﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺭﻬﻅﻤ ) 2 ( . ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﻯﺭﻨﻝ ﻡﺩﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺓﺭﻁﻗ ﻭﺃ ﺭﻬﺠﻤﻝﺍ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﺀﺎﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺓﺭﻁﻗ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺭﻅﻨﻨ ﻥﺃ ﺎﻨﺒﺴﺤﻭ ﻥﺈﻓ ،ﻪﻋﺭﺼﻴ ﻥﺃ ﺩﻌﺒ ﺭﺨﻵﺍ ﺽﻌﺒﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻀﻌﺒ ﻡﻬﺘﻠﻴ ،ﺭﺎﺒﺩﺇﻭ لﺎﺒﻗﺇﻭ ﺭﻓﻭ ﺭﻜ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺭﺍﺭﺠ ﺎﺸﻭﻴﺠ ﺭﺒﻜﻤ ﻙﻝﺫ ﻯﺭﺘ ﻥﺃ ﺕﺌﺸ ﺹﺨﺘ ﺙﻴﺤ ﺔﺒﺎﻐﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺓﺭﻅﻨﺒ ﻲﻘﻠﺘ ﻥﺃ ﻻﺇ ﻙﻴﻠﻋ ﺎﻤﻓ ﺓﺭﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﻌﻝﺎﺒ ﺍ ﺭﺘﻔﻴ ﻻ ﻱﺩﺒﺃ ﻉﺍﺭﺼﻭ ﺔﺼﺍﺭﺘﻤ ﺏﺭﺤ ﻲﻓ ﻙﻔﻨﺘ ﻻ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﺤﺭﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﻴﻁﻝﺍﻭ ﺓﺭﺴﺎﻜﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻨﺍﻭﻴﺤﻝﺎﺒ ﺔﻅﺤﻝ . ﻰﻏﺎﺒﺘﺘ ﺭﺼﺤﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻜﺭﺩﻴ ﻻ ﺎﺸﻭﻴﺠ ﻙﻝﺫ لﺜﻤ ﺕﺩﺠﻭﻝ ﻁﻴﺤﻤﻝﺍ ﻉﺎﻗ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺕﺭﻅﻨ ﻭﻝﻭ ﺕﻭﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺓﺎﻴﺤﻝﺍ لﻭﺤ ﻉﺭﺎﺼﺘﺘﻭ لﺘﺎﻘﺘﺘﻭ . ﻜ ﺎﻤﻭ ﺭﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻡﻏﺭﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺓﺎﻴﺤﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﺼ ﻰﻗﺭﺃ ﻭﻫﻭ ﺓﺩﻋﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻥﻋ ﺫﺸﻴﻝ ﻥﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﻥﺎ ﺕﻠﻅ ﺩﻘﻓ ،ﺍﺩﺒﺃﻭ ﺎﻤﺌﺍﺩ لﺎﺘﻘﻠﻝ ﻪﻌﻓﺩﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻩﺯﺌﺍﺭﻏ ﻥﻤ ﺩﺤﻝﺍﻭ ﻩﺍﻭﻗ ﻡﻴﻅﻨﺘ ﻲﻓ ﻥﺎﻴﺩﻷﺍ ﻪﺘﺒﻌﻝ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ) 1 ( – ﺩﻭﻫ ﺓﺭﻭﺴ -ﺔﻴﻵﺍ : 118 -119 . ) 2 ( – ﻥﻴﺴﺤ ﺩﻤﺤﺃ -ﺔﻨﺴﻝﺍﻭ ﺏﺎﺘﻜﻝﺍ ﻱﺩﻫ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺏﺭﺤﻝﺍ -ﻁ -ﺓﺭﻫﺎﻘﻝﺎﺒ ﻰﻠﻋﻷﺍ ﺱﻠﺠﻤﻝﺍ : 1974 ﺹ 11 .
ﺎﻬﻴﻋﺍﻭﺩ ﺕﺩﺠﻭ ﻰﺘﻤ ﻡﺩﺘﺤﺘ ﻥﺃ ﺙﺒﻠﺘ ﻻ ﺱﻭﻔﻨﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻨﻤﺎﻜ ﻉﺍﺭﺼﻝﺍﻭ لﺎﺘﻘﻝﺍ ﺓﺯﻴﺭﻏ ﺭﺜﻜﺃ ﺎﻤﻭ ﺎﻬﺒﺎﺒﺴﺃ ﺕﺄﻴﻬﺘﻭ ﻲﻨﺒ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻊﻓﺍﺩﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﺴﻓﺎﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻲﻀﻔﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻊﻓﺍﻭﺩﻝﺍﻭ ﺏﺎﺒﺴﻷﺍ ﺭﺸﺒﻝﺍ ) 1 ( . ﻲﻓ ﻲﻠﺌﺎﻌﻝﺍﻭ ﻲﻋﺎﻤﺘﺠﻻﺍ ﻪﻤﻼﺴ ﺩﻘﻔﻴ ﻪﻠﺨﺍﺩ ﻲﻓ ﻲﺴﻔﻨﻝﺍ ﻪﻤﻼﺴ ﺩﻘﻔﻴ ﻥﻴﺤ ﻥﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍﻭ ﺵﻭﻴﺠ ﻻﺇ ﻯﺭﻴ ﻼﻓ لﺎﻤﺸﻭ ﻥﻴﻤﻴ ﻥﻋ ﺕﻔﺘﻠﻴﻭ ،ﻁﺎﺒﻀﻨﻻﺍﻭ ﺀﻭﺩﻬﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﺤﺍﺭﻝﺍ ﻡﺩﻌﻴﻭ ،ﻪﺠﺭﺎﺨ ﻊﻤﺎﻁﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺓﺭﺜﻷﺍ ﻕﻝﺎﻴﻓﻭ ﺕﺍﻭﺯﻨﻝﺍﻭ ﺀﺍﻭﻫﻷﺍ ﺔﻤﻼﺴﻭ ﻲﺘﺍﺫﻝﺍ ﻩﺭﺍﺭﻗ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻨﻠﻌﻤ ،ﺎﻬﻝﻭﺒﻁ ﻕﺩﺘ ﺩﻤﺘﻝ ﻩﺭﻋﺎﺸﻤ لﺎﺠﻤﻭ ﻪﻨﺍﺩﺠﻭ ﻥﺍﺩﻴﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﺒ ﻕﻴﻀﻴ ﻥﻴﺤ ﺙﺒﻠﺘ ﻻ ﺎﺴﻭﺭﻀ ﺏﺭﺤ ﻲﺴﻔﻨﻝﺍ ﺭﺫﺘ ﻻﻭ ﻲﻘﺒﺘ ﻻ ﺱﻴﻁﻭﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﺎﺤ ﺎﻬﺘﻨﺴﻝﺃ . ﺕﺎﻋﺯﻨﻝﺍﻭ ﺓﺫﻓﺎﻨﻝﺍ ﺀﺍﻭﻫﻷﺍ ﺏﺌﺭﺸﺘﻭ ﺔﻨﺘﻔﻝﺍ ﻥﺭﻗ ﻪﻴﻓ ﺭﺫﻴ ﻡﻭﻴ ﻥﻤ لﻴﻭﻝﺍ لﻜ لﻴﻭﻝﺎﻓ ﻙﻝﺫﻝﻭ ﺭﻏﺎﻔﻝﺍ ﻊﻤﺎﻁﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺓﺩﺭﺎﺸﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺏﺠﻭﺘﺴﻴ ﺎﻤ ﻭﻫﻭ ،ﻪﻠﻫﺃﻭ ﻕﺤﻝﺍ ﺱﻤﻁ ﻥﻋ ﺎﻫﺭﺍﺭﺼﺇ ﺔﻨﻠﻌﻤ ﺓ ﻪﻋﺎﺒﺘﺃﻭ لﻁﺎﺒﻝﺍ لﻫﺃ ﺔﻬﺠﺍﻭﻤﻝ ﺩﺍﺩﻌﺘﺴﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻥﻭﻜﻴ ﻥﺃ لﺒﺎﻘﻤﻝﺍ ﻑﺭﻁﻝﺍ . » ﺎﺤﻀﺍﻭ ﺢﺒﺼﺃ ﺩﻘﻝ ﺩﺭﻭ ﻥﺍﻭﺩﻌﻝﺍ ﺀﺭﺩ ﺩﻨﻋ ﺎﻌﻴﻤﺠ ﻲﻘﺘﻠﺘ ،لﺎﺘﻘﻝﺍﻭ ﻉﺍﺭﺼﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﺒﺴﺃ ﻥﺃ ﺭﺴﻜﻭ ﻡﻠﻅﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﺫﺠ ﻉﻼﺘﻗﺍﻭ ﺔﻀﻴﻬﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﺍﺭﻜﻝﺍﻭ ﺏﻴﻠﺴﻝﺍ ﻕﺤﻝﺍ ﺩﺍﺩﺭﺘﺴﺍﻭ ﻡﻭﺠﻬﻝﺍ ﻻﻭﻝﻭ ،ﻪﺘﺩﺤ ﻕﺤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻬﻬﺠﻭ ﻼﺨﻝﻭ ﺓﺎﻴﺤﻝﺍ ﺭﻤﺃ ﺏﺭﻁﻀﺍﻭ ﻥﻴﺯﺍﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﻔﻠﺘﺨﺍﻭ ﻡﻴﻫﺎﻔﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﻠﺘﻋﺍ ﻻ ﻙﻝﺫ ﻩﺩﻨﺠﻭ « ) 2 ( . ﻯﺭﺸﺘﺴﺍﻭ ﺎﻫﺩﻭﻋ لﺤﻔﺘﺴﺍ ﺍﺫﺇ ﺔﻨﺘﻔﻝﺍ ﺀﺭﺩ ﺩﻨﻋ ﻉﺍﺭﺼﻝﺍﻭ لﺎﺘﻘﻝﺍ ﺙﻋﺍﻭﺒ ﺎﻀﻴﺃ ﻲﻘﺘﻠﺘﻭ ﻊﻨﻤﻴﻭ ﻥﻴﻤﻁﺤﻤﻝﺍ ﺫﻘﻨﻴ ﺩﺍﺩﺴﻨﺍ لﺒﺤ لﺎﺤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ لﺜﻤ ﻲﻓ لﺎﺘﻘﻝﺍ ﺢﺒﺼﻴ ﺫﺇ ،ﺎﻫﺭﺭﺸ ﺭﻴﺎﻁﺘﻭ ،ﺎﻫﺭﺸ لﺴ ﻥﻤﻭ ﺎﻫﺭﺎﻨ ﻰﻠﺼ ،ﺔﻨﺘﻔﻝﺍ لﻌﺸﺃ ﻥﻤﻓ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻤﻼﻤ ﻻﻭ ﺩﻴﺯﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﻊﺴﻭﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻥﻴﺭﻤﺂﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻪﺒ ﻉﺭﺼ ﻲﻐﺒﻝﺍ ﻑﻴﺴ . ﻥﻤﻷﺍ ﻥﻭﺩﺩﻬﻴ ﻥﻤﻝ ﺎﻀﻴﺃ ﻥﻭﻜﻴ ﻥﺘﻔﻝﺍﻭ ﺩﺎﻬﻁﻀﻻﺍﻭ ﻥﺍﻭﺩﻌﻝﺍ لﻫﻷ لﺎﺘﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﻭﻜﻴ ﺎﻤﻜﻭ ﻡﻭﻤﺴﻝﺍ ﻥﻭﺜﻔﻨﻴﻭ ﻑﻴﺠﺍﺭﻷﺍ ﻥﻭﺭﺸﻨﻴﻭ ﻑﻭﺨﻝﺍ ﻥﻭﺜﺒﻴﻭ ﺔﻌﻴﻗﻭﻝﺍ ﻥﻭﻋﺭﺯﻴﻭ ﻡﻠﺴﻝﺍ ﻥﻭﻘﻠﻘﻴﻭ ﻷ ﻥﻭﺠﻭﺭﻴﻭ ﺭﺎﻤﺩﻝﺍﻭ ﻡﺩﻬﻝﺍ ﺏﻴﻝﺎﺴ ) 3 ( . ) 1 ( – ﻡﻼﺴﻹﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺏﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﻡﺎﻅﻨ -ﺓﺎﻴﺤﻝﺍﻭ ﻥﻴﺩﻝﺍ -ﺍ ﺓﺭ-ﺍﺯﻭ ﻑﺎﻗﻭﻷ -ﺭﻁﻗ -ﻁ : 1973 -ﺝ 14 ﺹ 12 . ) 2 ( – ﻡﻼﺴﻹﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺏﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﻡﺎﻅﻨ -ﺓﺎﻴﺤﻝﺍﻭ ﻥﻴﺩﻝﺍ -ﻑﺎﻗﻭﻷﺍ ﺓﺭﺍﺯﻭ -ﻁ : 1973 -ﺝ 14 ﺹ 12 . ) 3 ( – ﻡﻼﺴﻹﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺏﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﺭﻫﺎﻅﻤ ﺹ 18 .
ﻭﻤﻨﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻭﻴﺤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﺤﻝﺍ لﻴﺒﺴ ﻭﻫ ﻊﻓﺍﺩﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﻉﺍﺭﺼﻝﺍ ﻥﻷ لﺩﺒﺘﺘ ﻻﻭ ﻑﻠﺘﺨﺘ ﻻ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻪﻨﻴﻨﺍﻭﻗﻭ ﻤ ﻭﻠﺨﺘ ﻻ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻤﺘﺠﻻﺍ ﺓﺎﻴﺤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻜﺭﺤﻤ ﻯﺩﺤﺇ ﻭﻫﻭ ،ﺭﺍﺭﻤﺘﺴﻻﺍﻭ ﺓﺎﻴﺤﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﻼﻋﻭ ﻉﺍﺭﺼﻝﺍ ﻥ ﻕﺤﻝﺍﻭ ،ﺓﺭﺜﻷﺍﻭ ﺭﺎﺜﻴﻹﺍﻭ ﺭﺄﺜﻝﺍﻭ ﻭﻔﻌﻝﺍﻭ ﺏﺤﻝﺍﻭ ﺩﻘﺤﻝﺍﻭ ﻡﻠﻅﻝﺍﻭ لﺩﻌﻝﺍﻭ ﺭﺸﻝﺍﻭ ﺭﻴﺨﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺭﻜﻨﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﻑﻭﺭﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻉﺍﺭﺼﻝﺍ لﻤﺠﺃ ﺓﺭﺎﺒﻌﺒﻭ لﻁﺎﺒﻝﺍﻭ . ﺏﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺦﻴﺭﺎﺘ ُلﺨﻴ ﻡﻝ ﻙﻝﺫﻝﻭ – ﷲﺍ ﻕﻠﺨ ﻥﻤ ﺀﺯﺠ ﻡﻫﻭ ﺫﻨﻤ ﻉﺍﺭﺼﻝﺍ ﺭﻫﺎﻅﻤ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻴﺴﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﺔﻌﻴﺒﻁﻝﺍ ﺏﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﻉﺭﺎﺼ ﺩﻘﻓ ﻡﻭﻴﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﻴﻠﻫﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﻉﺭﺎﺼﻭ ،ﺎﻀﻌﺒ ﻡﻬﻀﻌﺒ ﻉﺭﺎﺼﻭ ﻡﻠﻅﻝﺍﻭ ﻲﻐﺒﻝﺍﻭ ﺭﻔﻜﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻁﺎﺴﺃﻭ ﻙﺭﺸﻝﺍ لﻓﺎﺤﺠ ﻡﻼﺴﻹﺍ . ﻥﻴﻤﺃ ﺩﻤﺤﺃ ﺭﻴﺸﻴﻭ ﻲﻤﻼﺴﻹﺍ ﺦﻴﺭﺎﺘﻝﺍ ﺭﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺕﻝﺍﻭﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﺼﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﺩﻴﺩ ﻉﺍﺭﺼﻝﺍ لﻅﻭ ﺎﻬﻨﻤ ﻉﺍﺭﺼﻝﺍ ﻉﺍﻭﻨﺃ ﻥﻤ ﺭﻴﺜﻜ ﻰﻝﺇ : -ﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻤﻝ ﺭﻜﻨﺘﻝ-ﺍ ﻩﺩﺭﻤ ﻱﺫﻝ-ﺍ ﻡﻝﺎﻅﺘﻝ-ﺍﻭ لﺎﺘﻘﻝ-ﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺎﺒﻨﺎﺠ لﺜﻤﻴ ﻱﺫﻝ-ﺍ ﻱﺭﺼﻨﻌﻝ-ﺍ ﻉ-ﺍﺭﺼﻝ-ﺍ ﺀﺎﺨﺭﻝ ﻲﻨﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ . ﺓﺭﻅﺎﻨﻤﻝﺍﻭ لﺩﺠﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺙﺭﻭﻴ ﺙﻴﺤ ﺭﻁﺨﺃ ﻭﻫﻭ ﻲﺒﻫﺫﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﻲﻔﺌﺎﻁﻝﺍ ﻉﺍﺭﺼﻝﺍﻭ لﺘﺎﻘﺘﻭ ﻡﺩﺎﺼﺘ ﻰﻝﺇ لﻭﺤﺘﺘ ﻥﺃ ﺓﺭﻴﺜﻜ ﻥﻴﻴﺎﺤﺃ ﻲﻓ ﺙﺒﻠﺘ ﻻ ﺔﻀﺭﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍﻭ ) 1 ( . ﺭﺼﻌﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺙﺩﺤ ﺎﻤﻜ ﺍﺩﻴﺩﺠ ﺎﺌﻴﺸ ﻉﺍﺭﺼﻝﺍ ﺱﻴﻝ ﺎﻫﺭﺍﺯﻭﺃ ﺏﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﺕﻌﻀﻭ ﺍﺫﺇ ﻰﺘﺤ ﺍ ﺩﺘﺸﺍ ﺙﻴﺤ ﺔﻴﻠﻘﻌﻝﺍ ﺓﺎﻴﺤﻝﺍ ﻉﺍﺭﺼﻝﺍ ﻑﻠﻏ ﺩﻘﻓ ﻲﺴﺎﺒﻌﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﺼﻨﺃﻭ ﻡﻴﺩﻘﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﺼﻨﺃ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻉﺍﺭﺼﻝ ﻪﻴﻓ ﺍﻭﺭﺸﻨﻭ ﺍﺩﻴﺩﺸ ﺎﺜﺒﻋ ﻩﺩﻴﻝﺎﻘﺘﻭ ﻪﺒﺍﺩﺂﺒ ﺍﻭﺜﺒﻋﻭ ﻊﻤﺘﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺓﺭﻭﺜﻝﺍ ﺀﺍﻭﻝ ﻡﻬﻀﻌﺒ ﻊﻓﺭﻓ ﺩﻴﺩﺠﻝﺍ ﻲﻘﻠﺨﻝﺍ ﺏﺍﺭﻁﻀﻻﺍﻭ ﻲﻋﺎﻤﺘﺠﻻﺍ ﻕﻠﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺎﺌﻴﺸ ) 2 ( . ﺩﺎﻀﺘﻝﺍﻭ لﺒﺎﻘﺘﻝﺍ ﻭﻫ ﻉﺍﺭﺼﻝﺍ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﻡﻭﻘﺘ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺩﺎﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﺩﻴﻬﻤﺘﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﻥﻴﺒﺘ ﺩﻘﻝ ﺭﺴ لﺜﻤﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻕﻨﺎﻌﺘ ﺓﺎﻴﺤﻝﺎﻓ ﻩﺩﻀ ﺩﺤﺍﻭ لﻜ ﻪﻴﻓ لﻤﺤﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺩﻭﺠﻭﻝﺍ " ﻻ ﺩﻭﺠﻭﻝﺍﻭ ،ﺕﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﻕﻘﺤﺘﻴ ﻻ ﺎﻤ ﻭﻫﻭ ﻪﺘﺍﺫ ﻕﻴﻘﺤﺘ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻥﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﻰﻌﺴﻴ ﻥﺃ ﺔﺒﺍﺭﻏ ﻼﻓ ﻡﺜ ﻥﻤﻭ ،ﺎﻤﻬﻌﻓﺍﺩﺘﺒ ﻻﺇ ﻡﻴﻘﺘﺴﻴ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﺵﻴﻌﻴ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﺌﻴﺒﻝﺍﻭ ﺎﻬﻴﻝﺇ ﻲﻤﺘﻨﻴ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻋﺎﻤﺠﻝﺍ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﻪﻀﺭﻔﺘ ﺎﻤﻤ ﺍﺭﻴﺜﻜ ﺽﻓﺭ ﺍﺫﺇ ﻻﺇ . ) 1 ( – ﻥﻴﻤﺃ ﺩﻤﺤﺃ ﺏﺎﺘﻜ ﻊﺠﺍﺭ -ﻡﻼﺴﻹﺍ ﺭﻬﻅ -ﺝ 3 -ﺔﻴﺭﺼﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻀﻬﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﺒﺘﻜﻤ -ﻁ 4 ﺹ 68 ﺎﻫﺩﻌﺒ ﺎﻤﻭ . ) 2 ( – ﺱﻔﻨ ﻊﺠﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﺹ 68 ﺎﻫﺩﻌﺒ ﺎﻤﻭ .
ﻥﻤ ﺔﻠﻴﻭﻁ ﺭﻭﺼﻋ ﻪﺘﻗﺯﻤ ﺩﻘﻓ ،ﺱﺅﺒﻝﺍﻭ ﺀﺎﻘﺸﻝﺍ ﻑﻭﻨﺼ ﻲﻨﺎﻌﻴ ﻲﻨﺎﺒﺴﻻﺍ ﻊﻤﺘﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﻜ ﻥﻭﻤﻌﻨﻴﻭ ،ﺓﺩﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﺒﻠﻐﻝﺍ ﺎﻴﺍﺯﻤﺒ ﻥﻭﺭﺜﺄﺘﺴﻴ ﺍﻭﻨﺎﻜ ﻁﻭﻘﻝﺎﻓ ،ﺕﺎﻋﺍﺭﺼﻝﺍﻭ ﻕﺎﻫﺭﻹﺍﻭ ﻡﻠﻅﻝﺍ ﻪﻤﺍﻭﻘﻓ ﺏﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻘﺒ ﺎﻤﺃ ،ﻡﺎﻜﺤﻝﺍﻭ ﺓﺩﺎﺴﻝﺍ ﻡﻫﺩﺤﻭ ﻡﻬﻨﻤ ،ﺔﻌﺴﺍﻭﻝﺍ ﻉﺎﻴﻀﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﺎﻋﺎﻁﻗﻹﺍ ﺯﺍﺭﺤﺈﺒ ﺕﻭﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺓﺎﻴﺤﻝﺍ ﻕﺤ ﻡﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﺩﻴﺴﻠﻝ ﺀﺎﻗﺭﺃ ﻉﺍﺭﺯﻭ ،لﺎﺤﻝﺍ ﺔﻘﻴﻗﺭ ﺔﻘﺒﻁ . ﺔﻠﺘﻜ ﻭﻫﻭ ﺩﻭﻬﻴﻝﺍ ﻥﻜﻴ ﻡﻝﻭ ﺏﺼﻌﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺽﻐﺒﻝﺍ ﻊﻀﻭﻤ ﺍﻭﻨﺎﻜ ﺩﻘﻓ ﻲﻨﺎﺒﺴﻻﺍ ﺏﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﺎﻋ ﻥﻤ ﻻﺎﺤ ﻥﺴﺤﺃ ﺱﻝﺩﻨﻷﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺭﻴﺒﻜ ﺩﺎﻬﻁﻀﻻﺍﻭ ﺭﻭﺠﻝﺍ ﻥﺍﻭﻝﺃ ﻊﻨﺸﺃ ﻥﻭﻨﺎﻌﻴ لﻤﺎﺤﺘﻝﺍﻭ ) 1 ( . ﺭﻴﺒﺩﺘﻭ ﺭﻤﺂﺘﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻡﻬﻌﻓﺩ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺭﻤﻷﺍ ﺇ ﻊﻤ ﺓﺭﻭﺜﻝﺍ ﺏﺭﻐﻤﻝﺍ ﺩﻭﻬﻴ ﻡﻬﻨﺍﻭﺨ ) 2 ( . ﺩﻘﻓ ﻡﻬﺘﺎﻨﺎﻌﻤ ﺩﺍﺩﺯﺘﻝ ﺓﺭﻤﺍﺅﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﻔﺸﺘﻜﺍ ﻅﺤﻝﺍ ﺀﻭﺴﻝ ﻥﻜﻝﻭ ﻱﺩﺒﻷﺍ ﻕﺭﻝﺎﺒ ﻡﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﻲﻀﻗﻭ ﻕﺯﻤﻤ لﻜ ﺍﻭﻗﺯﻤﻭ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﺒﺴﻻﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻻﻭﻝﺍ ﺭﺌﺎﺴ ﻲﻓ ﻡﻬﻜﻼﻤﺃ ﺕﻋﺯﺘﻨﺍ ﻯﺭﺎﺼﻨﻠﻝ ) 3 ( . ﺎﻴﻨﺎﺒﺴﺍ ﻙﻠﻤ ﺭﺭﻗ ﻥﺃ ﺩﻌﺒ » ﺔﻴﻨﺍﺭﺼﻨﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺩ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻥﻭﺒﺭﻴﻭ ﺔﻌﺒﺎﺴﻝﺍ ﺫﻨﻤ ﻡﻫﺅﺎﻨﺒﺃ ﻉﺯﻨﻴ ﻥﺃ ﻋ ﺝﻭﺯﺘﻴ ﻻﺃﻭ ﻲﻨﺍﺭﺼﻨﺒ ﻻﺇ ﺔﻴﺩﻭﻬﻴ ﺝﻭﺯﺘﺘ ﻻﻭ ﺔﻴﻨﺍﺭﺼﻨ ﺔﻴﺭﺎﺠﺒ ﻻﺇ ﻱﺩﻭﻬﻴ ﺩﺒ ) 4 ( . ﻡﻅﻨﻝﺍﻭ ﻥﻴﻨﺍﻭﻘﻝﺍ ﻪﻴﺠﻭﺘ ﺍﻭﻋﺎﻁﺘﺴﺍ ﺫﺇ ﻡﻫﺫﻭﻔﻨﻭ ﻡﻬﻨﺎﻁﻠﺴ ﻥﻭﻁﺴﺒﻴ ﻥﻴﺩﻝﺍ لﺎﺠﺭ ﻥﺎﻜ ﺩﻘﻝ ﻲﻓ ﺩﻼﺒﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﻭﺭﺜ ﺕﺯﻜﺭﻤﺘﻓ ﺎﻬﺘﺎﻴﺎﻏﻭ ﺔﺴﻴﻨﻜﻝﺍ لﺜﻤﻝ ﺎﻘﻓﻭ ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻤﺘﺠﻻﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻠﻘﻌﻝﺍ ﺓﺎﻴﺤﻝﺍ ﺔﻏﺎﻴﺼﻭ ﻥﻴﺩﻝﺍ لﺎﺠﺭﻭ ﻑﺍﺭﺸﻷﺍ ﺔﻘﺒﻁ ) 5 ( . ﻥﺎﻜ ،ﻑﺴﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﻩﺎﻨﻀﺃ ﺏﻌﺸﻭ ﻑﻼﺨﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻗﺭﻓ ﺔﻜﻠﻤﻤ ﻲﻤﻼﺴﻹﺍ ﺢﺘﻔﻝﺍ لﺒﻗ ﺎﻴﻨﺎﺒﺴﺍ لﺎﺤ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻥﻤ ﺹﻠﺨﺘﻠﻝ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﺭﺠﻔﺘﻴ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻋﺎﺴﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻡﺭﺎﻋ ﻕﻭﺸ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺭﻭﺜﻭ ﺎﺒﻀﻏ ﻡﺭﻁﻀﻴ ﺎﻨﺎﻜﺭﺒ لﺒ ﻥﻭﻔﻘﻴ ﺍﻭﻨﺎﻜ ﺩﻼﺒﻝﺍ لﻫﺃ ﻥﺃ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻥﻭﺴﺭﺍﺩﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﺸﻴ ﻙﻝﺫﻝﻭ ،ﺭﻭﺠﻝﺍﻭ ﺭﻬﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﻁﻠﺴﻭ ﺔﻴﺩﻭﺒﻌﻝﺍ ﺩﻭﻴﻗ ﺭﻴﻐﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻴﺒﻠﺴ ﺎﻔﻗﻭﻤ ﺔﻤﻭﺎﻘﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﻡﻬﻴﻓ ﻥﻴﻌﻤﺎﻁﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ ﻡﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﻥﻴ – ﺕﺩﺠﻭ ﻥﺇﻭ ﻻﺇ ﻥﻜﺘ ﻡﻝ ﺔﻤﻭﺩﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﻜﺤ ﻲﻓ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻔﻴﻔﻁ ) 6 ( . ) 1 ( – ﻥﺎﻨﻋ ﷲﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ ﺩﻤﺤﻤ -ﺱﻝﺩﻨﻷ ﻲﻓ ﻡﻼﺴﻹﺍ ﺔﻝﻭﺩ : ﺭﺼﺎﻨﻝﺍ ﺩﻬﻋ ﺔﻴﺍﺩﺒ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺢﺘﻔﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ -ﺓﺭﻫﺎﻘﻝﺎﺒ ﻲﺠﻨﺎﺨﻝﺍ ﺔﺒﺘﻜﻤ -ﻁ 4 1949 -ﺹ 30 . ) 2 ( – ﻪﺴﻔﻨ ﻊﺠﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﺹ 32 . ) 3 ( – ﻪﺴﻔﻨ ﻊﺠﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﺹ 32 . ) 4 ( – ﻊﺠﺭﻤﻝﺍ _ ﻪﺴﻔﻨ ﺹ 32 . ) 5 ( – ﻪﺴﻔﻨ ﻊﺠﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﺹ 30 . ) 6 ( – ﺏﺸﺨﻝﺍ ﻭﺒﺃ ﻲﻠﻋ ﻡﻴﻫﺍﺭﺒﺇ -ﺱﻝﺩﻨﻷﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻲﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﺦﻴﺭﺎﺘ -ﻲﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺭﻜﻔﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﺩ -ﺓﺭﻫﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﺩ . ﻁ ﺹ 13 .
ﺎﻁﻼﺨﺃﻭ ﺱﺎﻨﺠﻷﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺎﺠﺎﺸﻤﺃ ﺍﻭﻨﺎﻜ ﺎﻴﻨﺎﺒﺴﺍ ﻥﺎﻜﺴ ﻥﻷ ،ﺏﺠﻌﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻭﻋﺩﻴ ﻻ ﻱﺃﺭﻝﺍﻭ ﻭﺃ ﺩﺤﺍﻭ ﻯﻭﻫ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻲﻘﺘﻠﺘ ﻥﺃ ﺏﻌﺼﻴ ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻤ ﺕﺎﻋﺎﻤﺠﻭ ﺔﻋﻭﻨﺘﻤ ﺕﻻﻼﺴ لﺜﻤﺘ لﺌﺎﺒﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻕﺩﺼﻴ ،ﻪﻨﻴﻌﺒ ﺽﺭﻏ " ﻓ ﻰﻝﺎﻌﺘ ﻪﻝﻭﻗ ﻡﻬﻘﺤ ﻲ : @ <žíÿßĆ’ÿvćÚ<ï⁄†₣Î<êŽÊ<^Öc<ğ^ÃéŽÛÿq<łÜ₣ÓÿÞç₣׎i^şÏŁè<^şÖ
Ö< fiÝłçşÎ< łÜŁãĆÞş`Že< şÔŽÖÿƒ< îĆjÿ< łÜŁãŁeç₣×₣Îÿæ< ğ^ÃéŽÛÿq< łÜŁãŁfÿŠłvÿi< fi‚莂ÿ< łÜŁãÿßłéÿe< łÜŁãŁ‰Ğ`ÿe< …Ł‚Łq< ð]ÿ…ÿæ< àŽÚ< łæş_ <^ ÿáç₣×ŽÏłÃÿè ? ) 1 ( . ﻗﻭﻁﻴ ﻥﻭﻤﻠﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﻜ ﺀﺎﻨﺜﻷﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻲﻓ ﺭﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻠﺒﺎﻘﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻔﻀﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﺘﺒﺴ ﺭﺍﻭﺴﺃ ﻥﻭ ﻡﻜﺎﺤ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺓﻭﺍﺩﻌﻝﺍﻭ ﻪﻴﻝﺇ ﺕﺭﺸﺃ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻲﻠﺨﺍﺩﻝﺍ لﻤﻠﻤﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﻠﻐﺘﺴﻤ " ﺔﺘﺒﺴ " " ﻲﻁﻨﺯﻴﺒﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﻴﻝﻭﻴ " " ﻕﻴﺭﺫﻭﻝ " ﻥﻭﻤﻠﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﻜ ﻰﺘﺤ ﻡﺎﻜﺤﺈﺒ ﻁﻁﺨﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﺕﺩﻋﺃ ﺭﻭﻬﺸ ﻻﺇ ﻲﻫ ﺎﻤﻭ ،ﺎﻴﻨﺎﺒﺴﺍ ﻡﻜﺎﺤ ﻯﺭﺨﻷﺍ ﻭﻠﺘ ﺓﺩﺤﺍﻭ ﻯﻭﺎﻬﺘﺘ ﻡﻬﻨﺩﻤ ﺕﺫﺨﺃﻭ ،ﻭﺩﻌﻝﺍ لﻗﺎﻌﻤ ﻥﻭﻜﺩﻴ ﺔﻤﻴﺯﻬﻝﺍ ﺩﻌﺒ ﺹﻭﺼﺨﻝﺎﺒﻭ ، ﺩﺎﻴﺯ ﻥﺒ ﻕﺭﺎﻁ ﺎﻬﻘﺤﻝﺃ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻘﺤﺎﺴﻝﺍ " ﻕﻴﺭﺫﻭﻠﺒ " ﻯﻭﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺭﻴﺒﻜﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺎﺒﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻡﻏﺭﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻥﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺍﺭﻴﺜﻜ ﺕﻠﻌﺠ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﻴﺯﻬﻝﺍ ﻲﻫﻭ ﺔﻌﻀﺍﻭﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﻠﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﺓﻭﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒﻭ ﺔﻤﺨﻀﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﺍﺭﺼﻨﻝﺍ ﺭﻜﺫﺘ ﺔﻤﻭﺎﻘﻤ ﻥﻭﺩ ﻪﻝ ﻡﻠﺴﺘﺴﺘ لﻗﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍﻭ . II ( -ﺼﻝﺍ ـ ـ ـﺘﻔﻝﺍ ﺩﻌﺒ ﻉﺍﺭ ـ ﺢ 1 -ﺼﻝﺍ ـ ﺨﻝﺍ ﻉﺍﺭ ـ ﻲﺠﺭﺎ : ﺎﻬﻴﻁﻐﻴ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﻤﺯﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﺘﻔﻝﺍ لﺍﻭﻁ ﻲﺠﺭﺎﺨﻝﺍ ﻭﺩﻌﻠﻝ ﻲﻤﻼﺴﻹﺍ ﻉﺍﺭﺼﻝﺍ ﻪﺒ ﺩﻭﺼﻘﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺏﻐﺸﻝﺍ ﺙﺍﺩﺤﺇ لﻭﺎﺤﻴ ﺔﻴﻤﻼﺴﻹﺍ ﺔﻤﻭﻜﺤﻝﺍ ﺏﻨﺎﺠ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻜﻭﺸ لﻅ ﻭﺩﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻙﻝﺫ ،ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﻥﺍﻭﻨﻋ ﺭﻤﺃ ﻲﻤﻼﺴﻹﺍ ﻭﺯﻐﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻥﻭﺩﻘﺘﻌﻴ ﻁﻭﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﻜ ﺩﻘﻓ ،ﺹﻼﺨﻭ ﺓﺭﻭﺜ لﻜ ﻊﺠﺸﻴﻭ ،لﺌﺎﺴﻭﻝﺍ لﻜﺒ ،ﺕﻗﺅﻤ ﻡﺌﺍﺩ لﻼﺘﺤﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻭﺯﻐﻝﺍ لﻭﺤﺘﻴ ﻥﺃ ﻡﻬﻨﻤ ﺩﺤﺃ ﻊﻗﻭﺘﻴ ﻡﻝﻭ . ﻥﻤﻷﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻡﻏﺭﻝﺎﺒ ﻙﻝﺫ لﻜ ﻩﺭﺌﺎﻌﺸ لﻭﺍﺯﻴ ﻥﺃ ﺏﺼﺘﻐﻤﻠﻝ ﺩﺩﺠﻝﺍ ﻡﺎﻜﺤﻝﺍ ﺢﻤﺴ ﺙﻴﺤ ﺱﺎﻨﻝﺍ ﻊﻴﻤﺠ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻡﻼﺴﻹﺍ ﻪﻋﺎﺸﺃ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺔﻝﻭﺍﺯﻤ ﺭﺎﺒﺤﻸﻝ ﺢﻤﺴﻭ ،ﺓﺩﺭﺎﻁﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺸﺨ ﻥﻭﺩ ﻪﺌﺍﺭﺂﺒ ﺭﻫﺎﺠﻴ ﻥﺃ ﺩﺤﻠﻤﻠﻝ ﺢﻤﺴ ﺎﻤﻜ ،لﺨﺩﺘ ﻥﻭﺩ ﻡﻼﺴﻹﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻡﻬﻨﻭﺅﺸ ) 2 ( . لﺒﺎﻘﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻪﻨﺈﻓ ﻥﻴﻤﻠﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻕﻼﺨﺃﻭ ﻡﻼﺴﻹﺍ ﻡﻴﻤﺼ ﻥﻤ ﻡﻝﺎﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻙﻭﻠﺴﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻥﺎﻜ ﻥﺌﻝﻭ ﻡﺎﻅﻨﻝﺍﻭ ،ﺓﻭﺍﺩﻌﻝﺎﺒ ﻡﻠﺴﻝﺍﻭ ﺓﺀﺎﺴﻹﺎﺒ ﻥﺎﺴﺤﻹﺍ لﺒﺎﻘﻴﻝ ﻩﺍﻭﻗ ﻊﻤﺠﺘﺴﻴ ﻲﻜ ﻭﺩﻌﻠﻝ ﺔﺼﺭﻓ ﻥﺎﻜ ﻩﺭﻜﺫﻴ ﻻ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺓﻻﻭﻝﺍ ﺭﺼﻋ لﺍﻭﻁ ﺔﻴﻠﺨﺍﺩﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﻤﻷﺍ ﺏﺍﺭﻁﻀﺍ ﻙﻝﺫ ﻲﻓ ﻼﻐﺘﺴﻤ ﻰﻀﻭﻔﻝﺎﺒ ) 1 ( – ﺭﺸﺤﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻭﺴ -ﺔﻴﻵﺍ : 14 . ) 2 ( – ﺱﻝﺩﻨﻷﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻡﻼﺴﻹﺍ ﺔﻝﻭﺩ ﺹ 65 .
ﻥﻴﺒ ﺱﻓﺎﻨﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﻕﺎﻘﺸﻝﺍ ﻡﺎﻜﺤﺘﺴﺍﻭ ﻙﺎﻨﻫ ﺔﻨﻁﻭﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﻭﻁﺒﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺔﻴﻠﺨﺍﺩﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺯﺍﺯﺤﻝﺍﻭ ﻕﺭﺸﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻥﻴﻤﺩﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﺓﻻﻭﻝﺍ ﻑﻠﺘﺨﻤ ) 1 ( . ﻪﻌﻴﺠﺸﺘ ﻥﻋ ﻼﻀﻓ لﺌﺎﺴﻭﻝﺍ لﻜﺒ ﺏﻐﺸﻝﺍ ﺙﺍﺩﺤﻹ ﻭﺩﻌﻠﻝ ﺔﺼﺭﻓ لﺎﺤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻥﺫﺇ ﺕﻨﺎﻜ ﺓﺭﻭﺜﻭ ﻑﻼﺨ لﻜﻝ . ﻭ ﺢﺘﻓ ﺍﺫﻜﻫﻭ ،ﺭﺍﺭﻤﺘﺴﺎﺒ ﺱﻝﺩﻨﻷﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻴﻝﺎﻤﺸﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﺍﺭﺼﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﻜﻠﻤﻤﻠﻝ ﻪﺌﺍﺩﻌﺘﺴﺍ ﻥﻴﺤ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻭﻝﻭ ﻪﻘﻠﻏ ﻥﻭﻤﻠﺴﻤﻝﺍ لﻭﺎﺤ ﻥﺃ ﺩﻌﺒ ﺩﻴﺩﺠ ﻥﻤ ﻉﺍﺭﺼﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﺒ . ﻭﻫ ﺎﻫﻭ " ﻲﻝﻭﻠﺴﻝﺍ ﺝﺎﺠﺤﻝﺍ ﻥﺒ ﺔﺒﻘﻋ " ﻥﺒﺍ ﻪﻨﻋ لﺎﻗ ﻥﻴﻜﺭﺸﻤﻝﺍ ﺩﺎﻬﺠ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻨﺴﺤ ﺀﻼﺒ ﻰﻠﺒﻴ ﻯﺭﺍﺫﻋ : » ﻭ ﻥﺌﺍﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﺢﺘﺘﻔﻴﻭ ﺎﻤﺎﻋ لﻜ ﻲﻓ ﻥﻴﻜﺭﺸﻤﻝﺍ ﺩﻫﺎﺠﻴ ﻥﺎﻜ ﺔﻨﻴﺩﻤ ﺢﺘﻓ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻭﻫ ) ﺔﻨﻭﺒﺭﺃ ( ﺽﺭﺃ ﺍﺯﻏ ﻥﺃ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺱﻝﺩﻨﻷﺎﺒ ﻡﺎﻗﺃﻭ ﻥﻭﻤﻠﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻨﻜﺴﺃﻭ ﻯﺭﺨﺃ ﻥﺌﺍﺩﻤ ﺢﺘﺘﻓﺍﻭ " ﺔﺠﻨﺭﻓﺇ " ﻪﺘﻴﻘﻠﻓ ﺀﺍﺩﻬﺸﻝﺍ ﻁﻼﺒﺒ ﻪﻌﻤ ﻥﻤﻭ ﻭﻫ لﺘﻘﻓ ﺀﺍﺩﻋﻷﺍ ﺵﻭﻴﺠ « ) 2 ( . ﻰﻝﻭﺘ ﻥﺃ ﺩﻌﺒﻭ " ﻙﻝﺎﻤ ﻥﺒ ﺢﻤﺴﻝﺍ " ﺔﻨﺴ ﺱﻝﺩﻨﻷﺍ ﺔﻴﻻﻭ ) 100 ـﻫ ( ﺱﺎﻨﻝﺍ ﻊﻓﺩ ﺓﺭﺠﻬﻠﻝ ﺔﺌﺎﻤ ﻴﺒﺴ ﻲﻓ ﺩﺎﻬﺠﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺓﻭﻘﺒ لﺎﺒﺠ ﺀﺍﺭﻭ ﷲﺍ ل " ﻪﻴﻨﻴﺭﻴﺒﻝﺍ " ﻲﻓ ) ﺎﺴﻨﺭﻓ ( ﻰﺘﺤ ﻪﺘﺍﺭﺎﺼﺘﻨﺍ ﺕﻝﺍﻭﺘﻭ ﺔﻨﻴﺩﻤ " ﺯﻭﻝﻭﺘ " ﺔﻴﻻﻭ ﻲﻓ ﻥﻴﻤﻠﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﺍﺩﻗﺃ ﺕﺒﺜﻭ " ﺔﻴﻨﺎﻤﺘﻴﺴ " ﺎﻬﺘﻤﺼﺎﻋﻭ ﺎﺴﻨﺭﻓ ﻲﺒﻭﻨﺠ " ﺔﻨﻭﺒﺭﺃ " ﺔﻨﺴ ﺭﺨﺁ ﻲﻓ ﺩﻬﺸﺘﺴﺍ ﻥﺃ ﺙﺒﻠﻴ ﻡﻝﻭ ﻁﺴﻭﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﺀﺍﺫﺤﺒ 102 ﺓﺭﺠﻬﻠﻝ ) 3 ( . ﺀﻲﺠﻤ ﺩﻌﺒﻭ " ﻲﺒﻠﻜﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺒﻨﻋ " ﻌﺒﺎﺘﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺢﻤﺴﻝﺎﺒ ﻯﺩﺘﻗﺍ لﺎﺒﺠ ﺀﺍﺭﻭ ﺩﺎﻬﺠﻝﺍ ﺔ " ﻪﻴﻨﻴﺭﻴﺒﻝﺍ " ﺩﻬﺸﺘﺴﺍ ﻪﻨﻜﻝ ﺱﻴﺭﺎﺒ ﻰﻝﺇ لﻭﺼﻭﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﻙﺸﻭﺃ ﺎﺴﻨﺭﻓ ﻲﻀﺍﺭﺃ ﻥﻤ ﺓﺭﻴﺒﻜ ﺔﺤﺎﺴﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻰﻝﻭﺘﺴﺍﻭ ﺔﻨﺴ 110 ـﻫ . ﺩﺎﻗ " ﻲﻘﻓﺎﻐﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﻤﺤﺭﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ " ﻭﺯﻐﻝ ﺍﺭﻴﺒﻜ ﺎﺸﻴﺠ " ﺔﻝﺎﻏ " ﻩﺎﺠﺘﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻴﻀﺎﻤ " ﺭﺍﻭﻠﻝﺍ " ﻥﺎﻜﻭ " لﺘﺭﺎﻤ لﺭﺎﺸ " ﻨﺭﻓﻹﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻔﻴﺜﻜ ﺎﺸﻴﺠ ﻪﻝ ﺩﺸﺤ ﺩﻗ ﺞ ﻭﻌﺸﻭ ﻥﺎﻤﻝﻷﺍﻭ ﻰﻘﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﻲﺒﻭﺭﻭﻷﺍ لﺎﻤﺸﻝﺍ ﺏ ﺔﻨﺴ ﻪﺒ 114 ﻥﻴﺒ ـﻫ " ﺭﻭﺘ " ﻭ" ﻪﻴﺘﺍﻭﺒ " ﺓﺭﺸﻋ ﻥﻭﻤﻠﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﺩﻤﺼﻭ ﺱﻴﺭﺎﺒ ﻥﻤ ﻡﻠﻜ ﺔﺌﺎﻤ ﺩﻌﺒ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺍﻭﺒﺤﺴﻨﺎﻓ ﺔﻜﺭﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻥﺎﻤﺤﺭﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ ﻡﻫﺩﺌﺎﻗ ﺩﺎﻬﺸﺘﺴﺍ ﻡﻬﺌﺠﺎﻓﻭ ﺔﻤﺨﻀ ﺍﺩﺍﺩﻋﺃ ﻥﻭﻝﺯﺎﻨﻴ ﻡﺎﻴﺃ ) 4 ( . ) 1 ( – ﺏﺸﺨﻝﺍ ﻭﺒﺃ ﻡﻴﻫﺍﺭﺒﺇ -ﺱﻝﺩﻨﻷﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻲﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﺦﻴﺭﺎﺘ -ﻲﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺭﻜﻔﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﺩ -ﺓﺭﻫﺎﻘﻝﺍ -1970 ﺹ 27 . ) 2 ( – ﺏﺭﻐﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺱﻝﺩﻨﻷﺍ ﺭﺎﺒﺨﺃ ﻲﻓ ﺏﺭﻐﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﻴﺒﻝﺍ -ﻲﻨﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﺀﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺹ 29 . ) 3 ( – ﻑﻴﻀ ﻲﻗﻭﺸ ﻲﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﻷﺍﺃ ﺦﻴﺭﺎﺘ ) ﺕﺍﺭﺎﻤﻹﺍﻭ لﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺭﺼﻋ -ﺱﻝﺩﻨﻷﺍ ( -ﻑﺭﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﺩ -ﺭﺼﻤ -ﻁ 3 -1994 ﺹ 21 . ) 4 ( – ﻪﺴﻔﻨ ﻊﺠﺭﻤﻝﺍ -ﺔﻘﺒﺎﺴﻝﺍ ﺔﺤﻔﺼﻝﺍ .
ﻰﻝﻭﺘ ﻥﻴﺤﻭ " ﻲﺴﻴﻘﻝﺍ ﺝﺎﺠﺤﻝﺍ ﻥﺒ ﺔﺒﻘﻋ " ﺎﻴﻨﺎﺒﺴﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻲﺒﺭﻐﻝﺍ لﺎﻤﺸﻠﻝ ﻩﻭﺯﻏ لﺼﺍﻭ ﻡﻝ ﻰﺘﺤ ﺍﺭﻋﻭ ﺎﻬﻴﻝﺇ ﻕﻴﺭﻁﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﻜ ﺎﻤ ﻻﺇ ،ﺕﺤﺘﻓ ﻻﺇ ﺔﻴﺭﻗ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﻕﺒﻴ . لﺎﺒﺠ ﻰﻁﺨﺘﻭ " ﻪﻴﻨﻴﺭﺒﻝﺍ " ﻰﻝﺇ " ﺔﻴﻨﺎﻤﺘﻴﺴ " ﺎﻬﺘﻤﺼﺎﻋ ﻲﻓ ﻪﺸﻴﺠﺒ ﺭﻜﺴﻋﻭ " ﺔﻨﻭﺒﺭﺃ " ﺭﻬﻨ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻡﺩﻘﺘﻭ " ﻥﻭﺭﻝﺍ " ﻲﻓ ﺩﻬﺸﺘﺴﺍﻭ " ﺔﻨﻭﺸﻗﺭﻗ " لﺎﺒﺠ ﺀﺍﺭﻭ ﻲﻤﻼﺴﻹﺍ ﻲﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻑﻗﻭﺘﻴ ﻩﺩﺎﻬﺸﺘﺴﺎﺒﻭ ، " ﻪﻨﻴﺭﻴﺒﻝﺍ " ﻲﻓ " ﺔﻝﺎﻏ " ) ﺎﺴﻨﺭﻓ ( ﺒ ﺩﻴﺯﺘ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻨﺴ ﻥﻴﺭﺸﻋ ﻩﺭﺍﺭﻤﺘﺴﺍ ﺩﻌ . ﺓﺩﻴﺠﻤ ﺭﺎﺼﺘﻨﺍ ﺕﺎﺤﻔﺼ ﺏﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ لﺠﺴ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻤﻴﻅﻌﻝﺍ ﻡﻬﺘﺎﺤﻭﺘﻓﻭ ﻡﻬﺘﺍﺭﺎﺼﺘﻨﺍ ﺏﻨﺎﺠﺒ " ﺎﻴﺭﻴﺒﻴﺇ " ) 1 ( . ﺎﻬﻀﺎﺨ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺏﻭﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﻙﻠﺘ ﻥﻭﺨﺭﺅﻤﻝﺍ ﺽﺭﻌﺘﺴﻴ ﻥﺃ ﺩﻌﺒ " ﻲﻘﻓﺎﻐﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﻤﺤﺭﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ " ﺩﻗﻭ ﺍ ﻉﺎﻁﺘﺴﺍﻭ ،ﺎﻬﻠﻤﺤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﺩﻘﻴ ﻡﻝ ﻩﺩﻨﺠ ﻥﺃ ﺙﻴﺤ ﺓﺭﻴﺜﻜﻝﺍ ﻡﺌﺎﻨﻐﻝﺎﺒ ﺎﻫﺭﺜﺇ ﺭﻔﻅ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﺎﺼﺘﻨﻻ ﺔﻴﻨﺍﺭﺼﻨﻝﺍ ﺩﻀﻭ لﺭﺎﺸ ﺭﻴﻤﻷﺍ . ﻡﻠﻋ ﻙﺎﻨﻫ ﺔﻨﻴﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﺴ ﻥﻤ ﺍﻭﺒﺭﺘﻗﺍ ﺩﻗ ﺫﺌﻨﻴﺤ ﻥﻭﻤﻠﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﻜ " ﻲﻘﻓﺎﻐﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﻤﺤﺭﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ " ﻯﺭﺎﺼﻨﻝﺍﻭ ﻥﻭﻤﻠﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻘﺘﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﻭﻷﺍ ﺭﻬﻨ ﻑﺎﻔﻀ ﻰﻠﻋﻭ ﻰﻘﺘﻠﻴﺴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﻅﻌﻝﺍ ﺵﻴﺠﻝﺍ ﺭﻤﻷ ﺔﻜﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﻙﻠﺘ ﺕﺜﺩﺤﺃ ﺩﻗﻭ ،ﻡﺎﻴﺃ ﺓﺩﻋ لﺎﺘﻘﻝﺍ ﺭﻤﺘﺴﺍ ،ﺭﺨﻵﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻉﺯﺠ ﺎﻤﻫﻼﻜﻭ ﻥﻴﺫﻝﺍ ﺵﻭﻴﺠﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻠﺼﺍﻭﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺏﻭﺅﺩﻝﺍ ﻪﺜﺤ ﻡﻏﺭﻭ ﻲﻤﻼﺴﻹﺍ ﺵﻴﺠﻝﺍ ﻑﻭﻔﺼ ﻲﻓ ﻼﻠﺨ ﻡﺌﺎﻨﻐﻝﺍ ﻊﻤﺠﻝ ﺍﻭﺤﺍﺭ ﻩﺩﺍﻭﺠ ﻊﻤ ﻼﻴﺘﻗ ﻁﻘﺴ ﻰﺘﺤ ﻩﺩﻨﺠ ﻊﺠﺸﺃ ﻊﻤ ﺏﺭﺎﺤﻴ لﻅﻭ ﻡﻬﻁﺒﻀ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ لﺎﺤﺘﺴﺍ ﻪﻨﺃ ﻻﺇ ﺏﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﻥﻭﻤﻠﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﺩﺘﺭﺍﻭ لﻠﺨﻝﺍ ﺩﺎﺴ ﺎﻨﻫﻭ . ﻥﺎﺒﺴﻻﺍ ﻭﺨﺭﺅﻤ ﻡﻋﺯﻴﻭ : ﻥﺃ " ﻭﺼﻨﻔﻝﺃ " ﻙﻠﻤ " ﺵﺭﻭﺘﺸﺇ ) ﺱﺎﻴﺭﻭﺘﺴﺇ (" ﺩﺠﻨﺘﺴﺍ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻭﻫ ﻥﻴﻤﻠﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﺀﺎﻤﻋﺯ ﺽﻌﺒ ﻥﻤ ﺕﺀﺎﺠ ﺓﻭﻋﺩﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﺢﺠﺭﻷﺍ ﻥﻜﻝﻭ ﺎﺴﻨﺭﻓ ﻙﻠﻤﺒ ) 2 ( ﻡﻬﻝﺎﻤﺁ ﺕﺒﺎﺨ ﻥﻴﺫﻝﺍ ﻭﺩﻌﻝ ﻉﻭﻀﺨﻝﺍ ﻥﻭﺭﺜﺅﻴ ﺍﻭﺤﺒﺼﺃ ﻰﺘﺤ ﻱﻭﻤﻷﺍ لﺨﺍﺩﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﻤﺤﺭﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ ﻲﻓ ﻡﻬﻌﻤﺎﻁﻤ ﺕﺴﻜﻌﻨﺍﻭ ﺩﻴﺩﺠﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻤﻷﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ لﻭﺒﻗ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺩﻭﺩﻠﻝﺍ ﻡﻼﺴﻹﺍ ) 3 ( . » ﺓﻭﺒﻨﺒ ﻲﻨﺄﻜﻭ " لﺘﺭﺎﻤ لﺭﺎﺸ " ﻡﻬﻴﻓ ﺕﻗﺩﺼ ﺩﻗ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻪﻨﻭﻀﺭﺤﻴ ﺔﺠﻨﺭﻔﻝﺍ ﻪﻴﻝﺇ ﻉﺯﻓ ﻥﻴﺤ ، ﻡﻬﻝ لﺎﻘﻓ ﺱﻝﺩﻨﻷﺍ ﺩﻼﺒ ﻲﻓ ﻡﻬﺘﺍﺭﺎﺼﺘﻨﺍ ﺍﻭﺃﺭ ﺎﻤﺩﻨﻋ ،ﻥﻴﻤﻠﺴﻤﻝﺍ لﺎﺘﻗ : » ﻻ ﻥﺃ ﻱﺩﻨﻋ ﻱﺃﺭﻝﺍ ﻡﻬﻝﻭ ،ﻡﻫﺭﻤﺃ لﺎﺒﻗﺇ ﻲﻓ ﻡﻫﻭ ،ﻩﺭﺎﻀﻴ ﻥﻤ لﻤﺤﻴ لﻴﺴﻝﺎﻜ ﻡﻬﻨﺈﻓ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻡﻬﺘﺠﺭﺨ ﻲﻓ ﻡﻫﻭﻀﺭﺘﻌﺘ ﻡﻫﻭﻠﻬﻤﺃ ﻥﻜﻝﻭ ،ﻉﻭﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﺔﻨﺎﺼﺤ ﻥﻋ ﻲﻨﻐﺘ ﺏﻭﻠﻗﻭ ﺩﺭﻭﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﺜﻜ ﻥﻋ ﻲﻨﻐﺘ ﺕﺎﻴﻨ ﺊﻠﺘﻤﺘ ﻰﺘﺤ ) 1 ( – ﻪﺴﻔﻨ ﻊﺠﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﺹ 22 . ) 2 ( – ﻡﻫ : ﻘﻴ ﻥﺒ ﻥﺎﻤﻴﻠﺴ ﺔﻨﻭﻠﺸﺭﺒ ﻡﻜﺎﺤ ﻲﺒﻠﻜﻝﺍ ﻲﺒﺍﺭﻋﻷﺍ ﻥﺎﻅ -ﻱﺭﻬﻔﻝﺍ ﺏﻴﺒﺤ ﻥﺒ ﻥﺎﻤﺤﺭﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻋﻭ -ﻑﺴﻭﻴ ﻥﺒ ﺩﻭﺴﻷﺍ ﻭﺒﺃﻭ . ) 3 ( – ﻡﺭﺎﺤﻝﺍ ﻲﻠﻋ -ﺎﻴﻨﺎﺒﺴﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺏﺭﻌﻝﺍ -ﻑﺭﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﺩ -ﺭﺼﻤﺒ -؟ﺱ ﺹ 57 .
ﺭﻤﺃ ﺭﺴﻴﺄﺒ ﻡﻬﻨﻤ ﻥﻭﻨﻜﻤﺘﺘ « ) 1 ( * . ﺩﺒﻋ لﺨﺩ ﻥﺃ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻡﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﻲﻀﻘﺘ ﺕﺩﺎﻜﻭ ﻥﻴﺤﺘﺎﻔﻝﺍ ﻡﺴﺠ ﻲﻓ ﺭﺨﻨﺘ ﻥﺘﻔﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺕﺭﻤﺘﺴﺍ ﻰﺤﻀﻷﺍ ﺩﻴﻋ ﻡﻭﻴ ﺔﺒﻁﺭﻘﺒ ﻊﻴﻭﺒﻭ ﺔﻴﻭﺎﻌﻤ ﻥﺒ ﻥﺎﻤﺤﺭﻝﺍ ) 2 ( ﺔﻨﺴ ﻥﻤ 138 ﺤ ﻥﺃ ﻉﺎﻁﺘﺴﺍ ﺙﻴ ﻎﻠﺒﻭ ﻊﻗﺍﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺭﻴﺜﻜ ﻲﻓ ﻯﺭﺎﺼﻨﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺏﻠﻐﺘﻴ : » ﻕﻴﻨﺠﻨﻤﻝﺎﺒ ﻡﻠﺜﻭ ﺎﻫﺭﺼﺎﺤﻓ ﺔﺠﻨﺭﻓﺇ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺎﻫﺭﺍﻭﺴﺃ « ) 3 ( * . 2 -ﻲـﻠﺨﺍﺩﻝﺍ ﻉﺍﺭـﺼﻝﺍ : ﻕﺎﻘﺸ ﺙﺩﺤ ﺫﺇ ﺱﻝﺩﻨﻷﺍ ﺕﻨﻁﻭﺘﺴﺍ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﻭﻁﺒﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺕﺍﺭﻭﺜﻝﺍﻭ ﻥﺘﻔﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ لﺜﻤﺘﻴﻭ ﺤﺎﻨ ﻥﻤ ﺓﻻﻭﻝﺍ ﺩﻬﻋ ﻲﻓ ﺕﻤﺎﻗ ﺩﻘﻓ ،ﻥﻴﻤﻠﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻡﻴﻅﻋ ،ﺏﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺩﻀ ﺓﺭﺒﺍﺭﺒﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﻭﺜ ﺔﻴ ﺱﺎﺴﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻕﺭﺸﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻥﻴﻤﺩﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﺓﻻﻭﻝﺍ ﻑﻠﺘﺨﻤ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻯﺭﺨﺃ ﺔﻴﺤﺎﻨ ﻥﻤ ﺱﻓﺎﻨﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﻕﺎﻘﺸﻝﺍ ﻡﻜﺤﺘﺴﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺒﺼﻌﻝﺍ . ،ﺓﻻﻭﻝﺍ ﺩﻬﻋ ﻲﻓ ﻡﻜﺤﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﻁﻠﺴ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺍﻭﺒﻗﺎﻌﺘ ﻥﻴﺫﻝﺍ ﺓﻻﻭﻝﺍ ﺩﺩﻋ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻴﻠﺠ ﻙﻝﺫ ﺭﻬﻅ ﺩﻗﻭ ﺔﻌﺴﺘ ﺔﺒﺍﺭﻗ ﻡﻜﺤﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﻁﻠﺴ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻰﻝﺍﻭﺘ ،ﺎﻤﺎﻋ ﻥﻴﻌﺒﺭﺃﻭ ﺔﺘﺴ ﺔﺒﺍﺭﻗ ﻲﻔﻓ لﺒﺤ ﺥﺍﺭﺘﻴ ﻡﻝ ﺎﻴﻝﺍﻭ ﺭﺸﻋ ﻲﻀﻘﻴ ﻭﺃ ﺡﻼﺼﻺﻝ ﻍﺭﻔﺘﻴﻝ ﺭﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﻁﺴﻭﺘﻤ ﻲﻓ ﻑﺼﻨﻭ ﻥﻴﺘﻨﺴ ﻥﻤ ﺭﺜﻜﺃ ﻡﻬﻨﻤ ﺩﺤﺍﻭﻠﻝ ﺕﻗﻭﻝﺍ ﻲﻨﺍﺭﻤﻋ ﻉﻭﺭﺸﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻡﻤﺼﻴ ﻭﺃ ﻥﺘﻔﻝﺍ ﻥﺍﺭﻴﻨ ﺊﻔﻁﻴ ﻭﺃ ﻑﻼﺨﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ) 4 ( . ﻰﻠﻋ ﻩﻭﺒﺃ ﻪﻔﻠﺨﺘﺴﺍ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺯﻴﺯﻌﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ ﺭﻴﺼﻨ ﻥﺒ ﻰﺴﻭﻤ ﻥﺒﺍ لﺘﻔﻴ ﻕﺎﻘﺸﻝﺍ ﺃﺩﺒ ﺩﻗﻭ ﺱﻝﺩﻨﻷﺍ . ﻯﺭﺍﺫﻋ ﻥﺒﺍ لﺎﻗ : » ﻻﺇ ﺎﻫﻭﻤﻘﻨ ﺀﺎﻴﺸﻷ ﻪﻝ ﻡﻬﻠﺘﻗﻭ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﺩﻨﺠﻝﺍ ﺏﻭﺜﻭﻝ لﻁﺘ ﻡﻝ ﻪﺘﺩﻤ ﻥﺃ ﺔﻨﺴ ﺏﺠﺭ ﺭﺩﺼ ﻪﻠﺘﻗ ﻥﺎﻜﻭ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ 97 ﺔﻨﻴﺩﻤﺒ ـﻫ " ﺔﻴﻠﻴﺒﺸﺇ " ) 5 ( . ﺩﻬﻋ ﻲﻓﻭ " ﻱﺭﻬﻔﻝﺍ ﻥﻁﻗ ﻥﺒ ﻙﻠﻤﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ " ﻰﻠﻋ ﺍﻭﺭﻬﻅﻭ ﺏﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺍﻭﺤﻀﻓﻭ ﺭﺒﺭﺒﻝﺍ ﺕﻝﻭﺎﻁﺘ ﻡﻬﻨﻤ ﻥﻴﻨﻜﺎﺴﻝﺍ " ﺔﻴﻘﻴﻠﺠﺒ " ﻰﻠﻋ ﺏﺭﻌﻝﺍ لﻭﻠﻓ ﺩﺭﻭ ﺎﻤﻠﻓ ،ﻡﻫﻭﺩﺭﻁﻭ ﻡﻫﻭﻠﺘﻘﻓ ﺎﻫﺭﻴﻏﻭ " ﻙﻠﻤﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ ) 1 ( – ﻕﻴﺘﻋ ﺯﻴﺯﻌﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ -ﺱﻝﺩﻨﻷﺎﺒ ﻲﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﺹ 48 . * ﺭﻅﻨﻴ ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻲﻓ : ﻱﺯﻭﺩ ﺕﺭﻬﻨﻴﺭ -ﻨﻷﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻥﻭﻤﻠﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﺱﻝﺩ -ﺕ . ﺕ . ﺕ : ﺩ / ﻲﺸﺒﺤ ﻥﺴﺤ -ﺔﻴﻤﻼﺴﻹﺍ ﺎﻴﻨﺎﺒﺴﺍ -ﺝ 2 -؟ﻁ ﺔﻨﺴ 1994 ﺹ 23 ﺎﻫﺩﻌﺒ ﺎﻤﻭ . ) 2 ( – ﻲﺸﻜﺍﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﻯﺭﺍﺫﻋ ﻥﺒﺍ -ﺏﺭﻐﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﻴﺒﻝﺍ -ﺝ 2 ﺹ 49 . ) 3 ( – ﻪﺴﻔﻨ ﻊﺠﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﺹ 48 . * لﺨﺍﺩﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﻤﺤﺭﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ ﻲﻓﻭﺘ ﺔﻨﺴ 172 ـﻫ . ) 4 ( – ﺏﺸﺨﻝﺍ ﻭﺒﺃ ﻲﻠﻋ ﻡﻴﻫﺍﺭﺒﺇ -ﻝﺩﻨﻷﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻲﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﺦﻴﺭﺎﺘ ﺱ ﺹ 26 . ) 5 ( – ﺏﺭﻐﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺱﻝﺩﻨﻷﺍ ﺭﺎﺒﺨﺇ ﻲﻓ ﺏﺭﻐﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﻴﺒﻝﺍ ﺀﺯﺠﻝﺍ 2 ﺹ 24 .
ﻥﻁﻗ ﻥﺒ " ﺏﺭﻋﻭ ،ﺱﻝﺩﻨﻷﺍ ﺏﺭﻌﺒ ﻡﻬﻴﻝﺇ ﻑﺤﺯﻓ ﻡﻬﺘﻠﺘﺎﻘﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻡﺯﻋ ﺏﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺩﺎﻋ ﻯﺃﺭﻭ " ﺔﻁﺴﻗﺭﺴ " ﻯﺭﺍﺫﻋ ﻥﺒﺍ لﻭﻘﻴ ﺎﻤﻜ ﻑﻻﻵﺍ ﻡﻬﻨﻤ لﺘﻗ ﻥﺃ ﺩﻌﺒ ﺔﻤﻴﺯﻫ ﺭﺸ ﻡﻬﻤﺯﻫﻭ ﺎﻫﺭﻭﻐﺜﻭ ) 1 ( . ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺭﻤﻷﺍ ﻲﻠﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﻼﺴ ﻥﺒ ﺔﺒﻠﻌﺜ ﻡﺎﻴﺃ ﻲﻓ ﻩﺩﺭﺎﻤﺒ ﺕﺭﺎﺜ ﻥﺃ ﻡﻫﺎﻴﺎﻘﺒ ﺙﺒﻠﺘ ﻡﻝ ﺭﺒﺭﺒﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﺭﻴﻏ ﻠﻋ ﻡﺘﺤ ﻑﻝﻷﺍ ﺔﺒﺍﺭﻗ ﻡﻬﻨﻤ ﻩﺭﺴﺃ ﻥﻋ ﻼﻀﻓ ﺍﺭﻴﺜﻜ ﺎﻘﻠﺨ ﻡﻬﻨﻤ لﺘﻘﻴﻭ ﻡﻫﻭﺯﻐﻴ ﻥﺃ ﻪﻴ ) 2 ( . ﻥﻴﻴﻤﺎﺸﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﺴﺭﻔﻝﺍ ﺓﻭﻘﺒ ﻥﻴﻌﺘﺴﻴ ﻥﺃ ﻥﻁﻗ ﻥﺒ ﻙﻠﻤﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ ﺱﻝﺩﻨﻷﺍ ﻲﻝﺍﻭ ﺭﻁﻀﻴ ﺎﻨﻫﻭ ﻲﻓ ﻪﻌﻤ ﺍﻭﻜﺭﺘﺸﻴ ﻥﺃ ﻁﺭﺸﺒ ﺱﻝﺩﻨﻷﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺯﺍﻭﺠﻝﺍ ﻡﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﺽﺭﻌﻓ ﺔﺘﺒﺴ ﺔﻨﻴﺩﻤ ﻲﻓ ﻥﻴﺭﺼﺎﺤﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﺜ ﺍﻭﺩﻭﻌﻴ ﻡﺜ ﺭﺒﺭﺒﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﻭﺜ ﺩﺎﻤﺨﺇ ﺕﺩﺩﺤ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﻬﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻥﻤ ﻡﻬﺌﺎﻬﺘﻨﺍ ﺩﺭﺠﻤﺒ ﺏﺭﻐﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﻬﻝﺎﺤ ﺀﻭﺴﻝ ﻁﻭﺭﺸﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ لﻭﺒﻗ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻪﺒﺎﺤﺼﺃﻭ ﺭﺸﹺﺒ ﺭﻁﻀﺍﻭ ،ﺔﻨﺴ ﺓﺩﻤﺒ ) 3 ( . ﺭﺒﺭﺒﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺀﺎﻀﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺩﻴﺩﺠﻝﺍ ﻑﻝﺎﺤﺘﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻥﻜﻤﺘ ) 4 ( ﺔﻔﻴﻠﺨ ﺔﺒﻠﻌﺜ ﻉﺎﺒﻓ ﻡﻬﻌﻤ ﻥﻤﻭ " ﺞﻠﺒ ﺭﺸﺒ ﻥﺒ " ﺒ ﺭﺨﻵﺍﻭ ﺏﻠﻜﺒ ﻡﻬﻀﻌﺒ ﻊﻴﺒﻓ ﺩﻴﺯﻴ ﻥﻤﻝ ﻻ ﺹﻘﻨﻴ ﻥﻤﻝ ﺭﺒﺭﺒﻝﺍ ﻑﺍﺭﺸﺃ ﺩﻭﻌ ) 5 ( . ﻥﻜﻝﻭ " ًﹴﺠﻠﺒ ﺎ" ﻰﺘﺤ ﺔﻨﺘﻔﻝﺍ ﺕﺩﺘﺸﺍﻭ ﺍﻭﻠﺘﺎﻘﺘﻭ ،ﻪﻨﺎﻜﻤ ﻰﻝﻭﺘﻭ ﻥﻁﻗ ﻥﺒﺍ ﺱﻝﺩﻨﻷﺍ ﺭﻴﻤﺃ لﺘﻗ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻨﺘﻔﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻬﻝ ﺍﺩﺤ ﻊﻀﻴﻝ ﻥﺍﻭﻔﺼ ﻥﺒ ﺔﻠﻅﻨﺤ لﺒﻗ ﻥﻤ ﻥﻴﻋ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍ ﻭﺒﺃ ﺎﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﻰﻀﻗ ﺔﻨﺴ ﺏﺠﺭ 125 ـﻫ . ﺃ ﻥـﻴﺒ ﺔـﻴﺴﻴﻘﻝﺍ ﺔـﻴﻨﻤﻴﻝﺍﻭ : ﻜ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﺱﻝﺩﻨﻷﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻉﺍﺭﺼﻝﺍ ﺔﻌﻴﺒﻁ ﻲﻓ لﻤﺄﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﺇ ﻩﺭﻭﺫﺠ ﻥﺄﺒ ﻑﺸﺘﺴﻴ ﺦﻴﺭﺎﺘﻝﺍ ﺏﺘ ﺎﻴﺭﺼﻨﻋﻭ ﺎﻴﺴﺎﻴﺴ ﺎﻌﺒﺎﻁ ﺫﺨﺘﺘ ﻥﺘﻔﻝﺍﻭ ﺏﻭﺭﺤﻝﺍ لﻜﻭ ﻕﺭﺸﻤﻝﺎﺒ ﺎﻘﻴﺜﻭ ﻻﺎﺼﺘﺍ لﺼﺘﺘ * ... ﻪﻴﻓ ﻡﻗﺎﻔﺘﻴ ﺎﻫﺯﺭﺒﺃ ﺓﺩﻴﺩﻋ ﺭﻭﺼ ﻲﻓ لﻜﺸﻴﻝ ﻊﻓﺍﺩﺘﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ لﻘﻨ ،ﺔﻴﻠﺠ ﺓﺭﻭﺼﺒ ﻉﺍﺭﺼﻝﺍ : ﻥﻴﺒ ﻉﺍﺭﺼﻝﺍ ﻙﻝﺫ ﺱﻝﺩﻨﻷﺍﻭ ﺎﻴﻘﻴﺭﻓﺇ ﺩﻼﺒ ﻲﻓ ﻙﻠﻤﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ ﻥﺒ ﻡﺎﺸﻫ ﻡﺎﻗﺃ ﺙﻴﺤ ﺔﻴﺴﻴﻘﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻨﻤﻴﻝﺍ ﻭﻫﻭ ﺔﻴﺴﻴﻘﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﺒﻜ ﺽﺒﻘﺒ ﺔﻴﺭﻀﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺴﻴﻘﻝﺍ ﺏﻨﺎﺠ ﻯﻭﻗﻭ ﻥﺍﻭﻔﺼ ﻥﺒ ﺭﺸﺒ ﻪﻨﺎﻜﻤ ﻡﺎﻗﺃ لﺘﻗ ﺎﻤﻝﻭ ،ﻡﻠﺴﻤ ﻲﺒﺃ ﻥﺒ ﺩﻴﺯﻴ لﺎﺜﻤﺃ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻴﺒﻠﻜﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﻤﻴﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﺒﻜ ﻥﻤ ﺭﻔﻨ ﻡﺎﻗﺄﻓ ،ﻡﻬﻨﻋ ﻩﺩﻴ " ﻱﺭﺴﻘﻝﺍ ﷲﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ ﻥﺒ ﺩﻝﺎﺨ " ﻰﻠﻋ ﻪﻴﺨﺃﻭ ﺔﻔﻴﻠﺨﻝﺍ ﺽﺭﺃ ﺩﺎﻬﻁﻀﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﻀﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻭﺩﻬﻁﻀﻴ ﺍﻭﺫﺨﺄﻓ ﺕﺎﻴﻻﻭﻝﺍ ... ﻥﺃ ﺭﻜﺫﻴﻭ " ﺩﻴﺒﻋ ﺩﺒﻋ ﻥﺒ ﺓ ) 1 ( – ﻲﺸﻜﺍﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﻯﺭﺍﺫﻋ ﻥﺒﺍ -ﺏﺭﻐﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﻴﺒﻝﺍ -ﺝ 2 ﺹ 32 . ) 2 ( – ﻪﺴﻔﻨ ﺭﺩﺼﻤﻝﺍ ﺹ 33 . ) 3 ( – ﺩ / ﻱﺩﺎﺒﻌﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﺘﺨﻤ ﺩﻤﺤﺃ -ﺱﻝﺩﻨﻷﺍﻭ ﺏﺭﻐﻤﻝﺍ ﺦﻴﺭﺎﺘ ﻲﻓ ﺹ 88 . ) 4 ( – ﺩﻭﺩﺤ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺭﻭﺜﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺕﻌﻗﻭ 123 ـﻫ -ﺃ ﻰﻋﺩﺘ ﻩﺭﻭﻁﺭﺒ ﻩﻭﻗ . ) 5 ( – ﻲﺸﻜﺍﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﻯﺭﺍﺫﻋ ﻥﺒﺍ -ﺏﺭﻐﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﻴﺒﻝﺍ -ﺝ 2 ﺹ 33 -34 . * ﻲﻫ ﺔﺴﻤﺨ ﻲﺴﻝﺩﻨﻷﺍ ﺏﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺭﺼﺎﻨﻋ : ﻝﺍ لﻫﺃﻭ ،ﻥﻭﺩﻝﻭﻤﻝﺍﻭ ،ﻰﻝﺍﻭﻤﻝﺍﻭ ،ﺭﺒﺭﺒﻝﺍ ،ﺏﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﺫ ﺩﻭﻬﻴﻭ ﻯﺭﺎﺼﻨ ﻥﻤ .
ﻲﺒﻠﻜﻝﺍ ﻥﺍﻭﻔﺼ ﻥﺒﺍ ﺭﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍ ﻭﺒﺃ ﻡﻬﻴﻓ ﻥﺎﻜﻭ ﻡﻬﻴﻠﻋ ... ﻑﺼﻌﺘ ﺔﻴﺒﺼﻌﻝﺍ ﻑﺼﺍﻭﻋ ﺕﺫﺨﺃ ﺍﺫﻜﻫ ﺍﺫﺇﻭ ،ﺎﻫﺍﺫﺁﻭ ﺔﻴﻨﻤﻴﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺒﻠﻜﻝﺍ ﺩﻬﻁﻀﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺴﻴﻘﻝﺍ ﻰﺒﺎﺤ ﺎﻴﺴﻴﻗ لﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﻜ ﺍﺫﺈﻓ ،ﺕﺎﻴﻻﻭﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻝﻭﺩﻝﺎﺒ ﻜ ﺔﻴﺴﻴﻘﻝﺍ ﻑﺴﻋ ﺎﻴﺒﻠﻜ ﻥﺎ ... ﺏﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺀﺎﻤﺩﺒ ﺔﻴﻤﻼﺴﻹﺍ ﺔﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﻲﻀﺍﺭﺃ ﺕﺒﻀﺨﺘ ﺍﺫﻬﺒﻭ ... ﺔﺼﺎﺨﻭ ﺭﺒﺭﺒﻝﺍ ﺀﺎﺴﻨ ﻥﺴﺤﺃ ﺭﻴﺨﺘﻴ ﻼﺜﻤ ﻥﺍﻭﻔﺼ ﻥﺒ ﺭﺸﺒ ﺭﺎﺼﻓ ﻡﻜﺤﻝﺎﺒ ﻥﻭﺩﺒﺘﺴﻴ ﺓﻻﻭﻝﺍ ﺽﻌﺒ ﺃﺩﺒ ﺎﻤﺩﻨﻋ ﺀﻻﺅﻫ ﺏﻭﻠﻗ ﺕﺭﻴﻐﺘﻓ ،ﺔﻔﻴﻠﺨﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻥﻬﺒ ﺙﻌﺒﻴﻭ ﺓﺭﻭﺜﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺙﺩﺤﺘﺘ ﺕﺃﺩﺒﻭ ) 1 ( . ﻡﻭﺩﻗ ﺫﻘﻨﺃ ﺩﻘﻝ " ﺤ ﺭﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍ ﻲﺒﺃ ﻲﺒﻠﻜﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﺭﻀ ﻥﺒ ﻡﺎﺴ " ،ﺱﻝﺩﻨﻷﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻥﻴﻴﻨﻤﻴﻝﺍﻭ ﻥﻴﻴﺩﻠﺒﻝﺍ ﺔﻨﺘﻔﻝﺍ ﺕﺩﺘﺸﺍﻭ ﻥﻴﻴﻤﺎﺸﻝﺍ ﺩﻀ ﺍﻭﺩﺤﺘﺍ ﻡﻬﻨﺃﻭ ﺔﺼﺎﺨﻭ ﺎﻴﻘﻴﺭﻓﺇ لﻤﺎﻌﺒ ﺍﻭﺜﺎﻐﺘﺴﺍ ﺩﻗ ﺱﺎﻨﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﻜﻭ . لﺼﻭ " ﺭﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍ ﻭﺒﺃ " ﻡﺩﺎﺼﺘﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻭﻁﺨ ﻥﻤ لﻠﻗ ﻙﻝﺫﺒﻭ ﺭﻭﻜﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻡﻫﺭﺼﺎﻨﻋ ﺏﺴﺤ ﻡﻬﻗﺭﻔﻓ ) 2 ( . لﺠﺭ ﺀﻲﺠﻤ ﺭﺜﺇ ﺩﻴﺩﺠ ﻥﻤ ﻉﺍﺭﺼﻝﺍ ﺭﻬﻅ ﺎﻤ ﻥﺎﻋﺭﺴ ﻥﻜﻝﻭ ﺯﺍﺭﻁ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻴﺴﻴﻘﻝﺍ ﻲﻨﺒ ﻥﻤ ﺕﻨﺎﻜﻭ ﻥﻴﻠﺠﺭﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺓﻭﺍﺩﻌﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻨ ﺕﻌﻝﺩﻨﺎﻓ ﺏﻴﻬﻤ ﻉﺎﻁﻤ ﻭﻫﻭ ﺎﻔﻠﺠ ﺎﻴﻭﺩﺒ ﻥﺎﻜﻭ ﻡﺘﺎﺤ لﻴﻭﻤﺼﻝﺍ لﻴﻭﻤﺼﻠﻝ ﺔﺒﻠﻐﻝﺍ ) 3 ( . ﺕﺘﺸ ﻥﺃ ﺩﻌﺒ ﺔﻴﺒﺯﺤ ﺔﺴﻓﺎﻨﻤﻭ ﻊﻓﺍﺩﺘ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻙﻝﺫ ﺩﻌﺒ لﻭﺤﺘ ﻉﺍﺭﺼﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺓﺭﺎﺸﻹﺍ ﺭﺩﺠﺘﻭ ﻥﻁﻭﻤ ﺔﻴﺒﺼﻋ ﺎﻤﺒﺭﻭ ﺭﺨﻵﺍ ﺔﻴﺸﺎﺤﻭ لﻤﺸ ﺎﻤﻬﻨﻤ لﻜ . ﻠﻏ لﺌﻻﺩ ﻥﻤﻭ ﺭﺼﻋ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺭﻴﺨﻷﺍ ﺓﺭﺘﻔﻝﺍ لﻼﺨ ﺱﻝﺩﻨﻷﺍ ﺏﺭﻋ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻴﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻡﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﺔﺒ ﺫﺎﻘﻨﺘﺴﻻ ﺍﻭﻜﺭﺤﺘ ﻥﻴﺫﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﺓﻻﻭﻝﺍ " ﺭﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍ ﻲﺒﺃ " ﻪﻨﺠﺴ ﻥﻤ * ﺍﻭﻨﺎﻜ لﺒ ﻥﻤﻴﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻪﻠﻫﺃ ﺍﻭﻨﻭﻜﻴ ﻡﻝ ﺔﻋﺎﻀﻗ ﻥﻤ ) 4 ( . ﺏﺭﻐﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺕﺩﺘﺸﺍ ﺩﻗ ﺭﺒﺭﺒﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺀﺍﺭﻤﻷﺍ ﺕﺎﺒﻠﻁ ﺕﻨﺎﻜ ﻥﻴﻴﻤﺎﺸﻝﺍ ﺀﻲﺠﻤ لﺒﻗﻭ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻡﺎﻜﺤﻝﺍ ﺽﻌﺒ ﺔﺒﻏﺭ ﺔﻴﺒﻠﺘﻝ ﺎﻌﺴﺍﻭ ﺎﻫﺍﺩﺼ ﻥﺎﻜﻭ ﺭﺎﺸﺘﻨﻻﺎﺒ ﺝﺭﺍﻭﺨﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻜﻓﻷ ﺢﻤﺴ ﺎﻤﻤ ﻥﻴﻫﺭﺸﻝﺍ ﺱﻝﺩﻨﻷﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺭﺒﺭﺒﻝﺍ ﻯﺩﻝ . ) 1 ( – ﺱﻨﺅﻤ ﻥﻴﺴﺤ -ﺱﻝﺩﻨﻷﺍ ﺭﺠﻓ -ﻊﻴﺯﻭﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺭﺸﻨﻠﻝ ﺔﻴﺩﻭﻌﺴﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﺩﻝﺍ ﺹ 34 ﺎﻫﻼﺘ ﺎﻤﻭ . ) 2 ( – ﻨﻴﺭ ﻱﺯﻭﺩ ﺕﺭﻬ -ﺔﻴﻠﻫﻷﺍ ﺏﻭﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﺎﻴﻨﺎﺒﺴﺍ ﻲﻤﻠﺴﻤ ﺦﻴﺭﺎﺘ -ﺝ 1 -ﺔﻤﺠﺭﺘ : ﺩ / ﻲﺸﺒﺤ ﻥﻴﺴﺤ -ﺏﺎﺘﻜﻠﻝ ﺔﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﺼﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﺌﻴﻬﻝﺍ ﺔﻨﺴ 1965 ﺹ 120 . ) 3 ( – ﻲﺸﻜﺍﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﻯﺭﺍﺫﻋ ﻥﺒﺍ -ﺏﺭﻐﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﻴﺒﻝﺍ -ﺝ 2 ﺹ 49 . * ﻲﻓ لﻴﺌﻭﻤﺼﻝﺍ ﻲﻓﻭﺘ ﺭﻴﺒﺠ ﻡﺎﻋ 142 ـﻫ . ) 4 ( – ﺱﻨﺅﻤ ﻥﻴﺴﺤ -ﺱﻝﺩﻨﻷﺍ ﺭﺠﻓ -ﻝﺍﻭ ﺭﺸﻨﻠﻝ ﺔﻴﺩﻭﻌﺴﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﺩﻝﺍ ﻊﻴﺯﻭﺘ ﺹ 261 .
ﻯﻭﻗ ﺔﻴﻭﻤﻷﺍ ﺓﺭﺎﻤﻹﺍ ﻡﺎﻴﻗ ﺩﻌﺒﻭ ،ﻕﺸﻤﺩ ﻲﻓ ﻱﻭﻤﻷﺍ ﻡﻜﺤﻠﻝ ﺔﻫﺍﺭﻜﻝﺍ ﻡﻬﺴﻭﻔﻨ ﻲﻓ ﻕﻠﺨ ﺫﺇ ﺩﺒﻋﻭ ﺭﺫﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺩﻤﺤﻤ ﺩﻬﻋ ﻲﻓ ﺔﺼﺎﺨﻭ ﺔﻤﻭﺎﻘﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻡﻫﺩﺎﻋﺃﻭ ﺩﻴﺩﺠ ﻥﻤ ﺝﺭﺍﻭﺨﻝﺍﻭ ﺭﺒﺭﺒﻝﺍ ﺏﻨﺎﺠ ﷲﺍ ) 1 ( . لﻤﻋ ﺩﻘﻝ ﺩﻗﻭ ﺎﻬﻤﻴﻅﻨﺘﻭ ﺔﻴﻠﺨﺍﺩﻝﺍ ﺔﻬﺠﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻥﻤﻷﺍ ﺏﺎﺒﺘﺘﺴﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻴﻭﺎﻌﻤ ﻥﺒ ﻥﺎﻤﺤﺭﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ ﺱﺎﻨﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﺨﺘﻭ ﺔﻴﺠﺭﺎﺨﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻙﻝﺫ ﺱﻜﻌﻨﺍ ﺩﻗﻭ ﺔﻨﺴ ﻥﻴﺜﻼﺜ ﻥﻤ ﺭﺜﻜﺃ ﻪﻨﻤ ﻙﻝﺫ ﻕﺭﻐﺘﺴﺍ ﻲﻋﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﻊﻤ ﺔﺼﺎﺨﻭ ﺎﻴﺒﺭﻋ ﺎﻴﺭﺒﺭﺒ ﻭﺃ ﺎﻴﻨﻤﻴ ﺎﻴﺴﻴﻗ ﻉﺍﺭﺼﻝﺍ ﻡﻅﻌﻤ ﻥﺎﻜﻭ ﺩﺎﻬﺠﻝﺎﺒ لﺎﻐﺘﺸﻻﺍ ﻥﻋ ﻲﻤﻁﺎﻔﻝﺍ ) 2 ( . ﺏ -ــﻬﻘﻔﻝﺍ ﺭﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻭﺜﻭ ﺀﺎ ﺒ ﺽـ : ﻥﻤﻭ ﺀﺎﻬﻘﻔﻝﺍﻭ ﺀﺍﺭﻤﻷﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺎﻨﺎﻴﺤﺃ ﻡﺩﺘﺤﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻙﻝﺫ ﻥﻤ ﺱﻝﺩﻨﻷﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻉﺍﺭﺼﻝﺍ لﺨﻴ ﻡﻝ ﻡﺎﺸﻫ ﻥﺒ ﻡﻜﺤﻝﺍ ﺩﻬﻋ ﻲﻓ ﺝﺫﻭﻤﻨﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻪﺘﻠﺜﻤﺃ ) 181 ـﻫ ﻲﻓﻭﺘ 206 ـﻫ ( ﺱﺎﻨﻝﺍ ﻡﻜﺤﺃ ﻥﺎﻜﻓ ﻥﻴﺩﻝﺎﺒ ﻡﺎﻤﺘﻫﻻﺍ لﻴﻠﻗ ﻥﺎﻜ ﻪﻨﻜﻝﻭ ﻪﺴﻔﻨﺒ ﺭﻭﻤﻷﺍ ﺭﺸﺎﺒﻴ ﻥﺎﻜﻭ ،ﺔﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﻥﻭﺅﺸ ﻡﻴﻅﻨﺘ ﻲﻓ ﻡﻬﻤﺯﺤﺃﻭ ﻭﺃ ﻡﻬﺒﺭﻗﻭ ﺀﺎﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﻴﻗ ﻥﻤ ﻊﻓﺭ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻪﻠﺒﻗ ﻡﺎﺸﻬﻜ ﺱﻴﻝ ﺓﺎﻴﺤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻴﻫﻻ ﺍﺭﺘﻬﺘﺴﻤ ﺎﻌﻴﻠﺨ ﻥﺎﻜ لﻗ ﻡﻫﺎﻐﺘﺒﻤﻝ ﺏﺎﺠﺘﺴﺍﻭ . ﻪﻝﺯﻋ ﻲﻓ ﻪﻨﻤ ﺍﻭﻝﺎﻨﻴ ﻡﻝ ﺎﻤﻝﻭ ﺎﻤﺘﺸﻭ ﺎﺒﺴ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﻡﻬﺒﻀﻏ ﻡﺎﺠ ﻥﻭﺒﺼﻴ ﺀﺎﻬﻘﻔﻝﺍ ﺀﻻﺅﻫ ﺃﺩﺒ ﺽﺒﺭﻝﺍ ﺕﻴﻤﺴ ﺔﻜﺭﻌﻤ ﺭﻬﺸﺃ ﻲﻓ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﺓﺭﻭﺜ ﺎﻫﻭﻨﻠﻋﺃ ) 3 ( ﻥﻭﺒﺼﻌﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻴﻝﺇ ﺎﻋﺩ ) 4 ( ﻀﺭﺤ ﺙﻴﺤ ﺍﻭ ﻥﻴﺒﻏﺎﺸﻤﻝﺍ ... ﻼﻴﺘﻘﺘﻭ ﺎﺤﺒﺫ ﻡﻫﺎﻨﻓﺃ ﻡﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﺽﺒﻗ ﺍﺫﺇ ﻰﺘﺤ ﺔﻌﻴﺩﺨﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻠﻴﺤﻝﺎﺒ ﻡﻬﺠﺭﺩﺘﺴﺍ ﻪﻨﻜﻝ . ﺔﺤﺒﺫﻤ ﻪﺒ ﺕﻴﻤﺴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻕﺩﻨﺨﻝﺍ ﻡﻭﻴ ﻯﺭﻜﺫ ﺕﻴﻘﺒ " ﺔﻠﻁﻴﻠﻁ " ﻥﻴﺒﺼﻌﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻉﺎﻤﺠ ﺔﺤﺒﺎﻜ ﻥﻴﻨﺴ ﻊﺒﺴ ﺔﺒﻁﺭﻗ ﻲﻓ ﻥﻴﺒﻏﺎﺸﻤﻝﺍﻭ ) 5 ( . ﻯﺭﻴ " ﻥﻭﻀﻴﺒ ﻡﻴﻫﺍﺭﺒﺇ " ﻴﺜﻜﻝﺍ ﺡﺎﺠﻨﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺏﺎﺼﺃ ﺩﻗ ﺔﻝﻭﺩ لﺠﺭ ﻥﺎﻜ ﻡﻜﺤﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﺽﻓﺭﻭ ﺭ ﺽﺒﺭﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻭﺜ ﺕﻨﺎﻜﻓ ﻥﻴﺒﻏﺎﺸﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺀﺍﺭﻘﻔﻝﺍ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﺍﻭﺒﻝﺃ ﻙﻝﺫﺒﻭ ﻩﺭﻭﻤﺃ ﻲﻓ ﺀﺎﻬﻘﻔﻝﺍ لﺨﺩﺘﻴ ﻥﺃ . ) 1 ( – ﺕﺭﻬﻨﻴﺭ ﻱﺯﻭﺩ -ﺎﻴﻨﺎﺒﺴﺍ ﻲﻤﻠﺴﻤ ﺦﻴﺭﺎﺘ ﺹ 127 . ) 2 ( – ﻲﺸﻜﺍﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﻯﺭﺍﺫﻋ ﻥﺒﺍ -ﺏﺭﻐﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﻴﺒﻝﺍ ﺹ 55 -56 . ) 3 ( – ﺀﺎﻌﺒﺭﻷﺍ ﻡﻭﻴ ﻲﻓ ﺕﻌﻗﻭ 13 ﺔﻨﺴ ﻥﺎﻀﻤﺭ 203 ـﻫ -ﺔﺒﻁﺭﻗ ﻑﺍﺭﻁﺃ ﺽﺒﺭﻝﺍ . ) 4 ( – ﻔﻨ ﻙﻠﻤﺘ ،ﺓﺭﻭﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻨﻴﺩﻤﻝﺎﺒ ﺔﻤﺌﻷﺍ ﺩﺤﻷ ﺍﺫﻴﻤﻠﺘ ﻥﺎﻜ ﻲﺤﻴ ﻥﺒ ﻲﺤﻴ ﻡﻬﻨﻴﺒ ﻥﻤ ﻥﻴﺘﻤﻴﻅﻋ ﺎﻴﺴﺎﻴﺴ ﺎﺤﻭﻤﻁﻭ ﺔﻴﻨﻴﺩ ﺔﺴﺎﻤﺤ ﻪﺴ . ) 5 ( – ﺏﺭﻐﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﻴﺒﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺓﺩﻭﻌﻝﺍ ﻰﺠﺭﻴ ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺭﺜﻜﺃ ﻕﻤﻌﺘﻠﻝ ﺹ 87 ﺹ ﺀﺍﺭﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﺔﻠﺤﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ 38 -ﻡﺭﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﻲﻠﻋ -ﺎﻴﻨﺎﺒﺴﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺏﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺭﺼﻗ -ﻑﺭﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﺩ -ﺭﺼﻤ ﺹ 170 . ﻥﺎﻨﻋ ﷲﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ ﺩﻤﺤﻤ -ﺱﻝﺩﻨﻷﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻡﻼﺴﻹﺍ ﺔﻝﻭﺩ ﺹ 244 .
