Surface framed braids

In particular, unquantized charge appears in such a geometrical model as being a manifestation of lines of force trapped in a multiply-connected topology, as shown

feuille du feuilletage horizontal, il suffit de considérer le cas où H = S^. Si 5^~ 1 n'est pas l'identité sur a, le chemin fi^^a) est composé de segments rectilignes (pour

In obtaining a tractable solution to the problem of extracting a minimal partition from hierarchy or tree by dynamic programming, we introduce the braids of partition and

Our data show that Serbian is a particularly interesting case, since it is structurally Satellite-framed, but behaves like Verb-framed languages in that speakers do not always

We classify the (finite and infinite) virtually cyclic subgroups of the pure braid groups P n p R P 2 q of the projective plane.. Braid groups of surfaces were studied by

The answer to Question 1.1 is positive in the case of 3-strand braids, i.e., every trivial 3-strand braid diagram with at least one crossing contains a disk.. It is negative in the

We prove that, in the l-ball of the Cayley graph of the braid group with n > 3 strands, the proportion of rigid pseudo-Anosov braids is bounded below independently of l by a

meaning that each connected component of β · E and the real axis R are transverse to each other, and there are no puncture-free bigons enclosed by them. Each braid has a unique