• Aucun résultat trouvé

Catalyse hétérogène pour les écoulements hypersoniques

N/A
N/A
Protected

Academic year: 2021

Partager "Catalyse hétérogène pour les écoulements hypersoniques"

Copied!
35
0
0

Texte intégral

(1)Catalyse hétérogène pour les écoulements hypersoniques Cyril Godart, Maria Vittoria Salvetti, Jean-Antoine Desideri. To cite this version: Cyril Godart, Maria Vittoria Salvetti, Jean-Antoine Desideri. Catalyse hétérogène pour les écoulements hypersoniques. RR-3041, INRIA. 1996. �inria-00073652�. HAL Id: inria-00073652 https://hal.inria.fr/inria-00073652 Submitted on 24 May 2006. HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers.. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés..

(2) INSTITUT NATIONAL DE RECHERCHE EN INFORMATIQUE ET EN AUTOMATIQUE. Catalyse he´te´roge`ne pour les e´coulements hypersoniques. Cyril Godart, Maria Vittoria Salvetti, Jean-Antoine De´side´ri. N˚ 3041 Novembre 1996 THE`ME 4. ISSN 0249-6399. apport de recherche.

(3)

(4)  

(5) 

(6) !"

(7)  #$%&'

(8) (

(9) ) *+,

(10) - .0/1

(11)  %2 3&457698;:=<>@?A5'BDC%EF?A506G?IH=6JB7BK<A576L?NM?O8QPSRTB7BK6UCWVORD?OXY ZXSB[<\69X-R]^`_[6L>@^`576ba cdfe"g+hi&j kDlmg&nporqtsUlruTvwh"s;uTxpsUlrg)lmyzqtsUlru{v | h}yU~DyUse0g+h0y€0uTg+xpomh'‚ƒh0y „† ut‡ˆh"s‰kƒŠˆ‹‰Œ‰k†Ž ;q{xfxAuT s | h} h"€‘dfh0 U€‘dfh#v&’,“T”{if•‰j ‹u[–{h0g&—p h˜•7™T™Tšj ›{œ)xq{žTh"y Ÿ  D¡7¢£¤ F¥§¦¨q{vfy©€"h zq{xpx\uT s7ªuTv¤«"sn | lmh | l­¬S«" h0v®sy)g1u | e'orh"y |°¯ lmv®sz«" zq{€'slmuTv±ž®q{²'³´xq{ Uu{l | q{vfy©omh €7q | h |°¯ «0€"uTnpomh0g+h0v®sy&d®~Dx\h" yu{vplrµ`nfh"y&qtnpszuTnp | h)€0uT Uxfy«0g+uTnpyy«"y0¶¦¨q{vpynfv·«0€0u{nporh"g+h0v®s | h) h0vD³ sz U«0htª¸o ¯ «"om«"–tqtsUlruTv | hszh"g1xA«0 qtsznp h | nN€‘dfuƒ€xf lrvp€"lmxqto | «"€"omh0vf€‘dfhworh"y1 U«7q{€'slmuTvfy+h0v | u{szdph0 g)lmµ`nfh0y | h | lryUyuD€"lrqtslmuTv°ªAh"sh0v¹€0uTvfyU«0µ`nfh"vf€0htªSorh"y‰h"yxAe0€0h"y¨g+uTvfu®qbszuTg)lmµDnph0y¨yUuTv®s¨xf U«0xAuTv | «" zq{v®szh"y | qtvfyorq €0u{nf€‘dfh | h€‘dpuƒ€t¶Dº%h0y | h0 Uvplre" h"y%yh; h"€0uTg—plmvfh0v®sxfq{ UsUlrh'omomh0g+h0v®s»h"s¼orh"yW «7qt€"slmuTvfy | h h"€0uTg—plmvqtlmyuTv µ`nplyUuTv®s¸½QuT Ush0g+h0v®sWh ‚putszdfh" g)lrµ`nfh"y¼q{nfžTg+h0v®sh0v®s¼€0uTvfyl | «0 zqt—porh"g+h0v®sWorh¾nD‚ | h€‘dfqtorh"nf Wq{n©€"uTv®s‘q{€'s | horqxqt u{lxfq{ † zq{xpx\uT s¼¿npv,g+u | e"omh | hxq{ utlvfuTv1€7qtszqto­~DsUlrµ`nfht¶D‹uTnfyW«'szn | lmuTvfy | q{vpy¼€"h q{xfxAuT Us omh0y¼xf uTxp Ulm«"sz«"y | h0yWxq{ Uu{lryW€0qts‘qto­~`slmµ`nfh0y"¶pÀ†v+–ƒnph | ho ¯ lmg+xpom«0g+h0v®s‘qbslmuTv v`nfg+«0 lrµ`nfhtªƒuTv1 zqtxfx\h'omomhorh"y ½QuT Ug&nporqtslmuTvfy–tq{ UlrqtslmuTvfvph"o­orh"y)€"orq{yylrµ`nfh"y | h0y©xp uT—pome0g+h"y)g1u | e'orh"y |°¯ q | –Th"€"sUlruTvD³ | l­¬SnpyUlmuTv°¶†À†vpÁvSª uTv«'szn | lrh€0uTg+xq{ qtsl­–Th"g+h0v®s | l­¬S«" h0v®sy¨g+u | e'orh"y | h€7qtszqtom~DyUh | uTv®s‰omh0yxpomnfy¨€0u{g1xƒorh ‚ph"y¨slmh0vfvph0v®s €0u{g1xƒszh | h «0q{€"sUlru{vfy«"om«0g+h0v®s‘qblr Uh0ysh"o­orh"yµDnph}o ¯ q | yu{ xpsUlruTv | h"yqbszuTg+h0y"ªpomh0y «0q{€"sUlruTvpy | h Uh0€"uTg©³ —plmvqtlmyuTv=h"somh0y | l­¬S«" h"v`sh0y | «0yUuT xpsUlru{vfy0¶ ÃÅĝÆK¡'ÇzÈ®É9 I¥Êd®~Dx\h" yUuTvplmµDnph³ | «0yU«0µ`npl­omlm—f Uh©€‘dplmg+lmµ`nfh³ | «0y«"µ`nplmo­lm—f h&–`lm—f zqbszu{lm h³¼ «0q{€"sUlruTvpydf«'sz« ³ u{žTe0vfh"y³¼€7qtszqtom~DyUh ˭͎̆δÏrÐLÑ"҈ÏJÓtÔtÏJÕ´Ö "a aa×zב؝ë0ç9ÙJçGÚê®Û ßäï'ÜÞÝmïzßTð à\ð á7ð†âLÜÞ× ÝmÜí×äìKã@â9å[ÜíÛKæK× î­Û'âŽâLï‘ç´éLè-ÜÞì7éLñKå"êKéŽï‘ëKêtÜÞÛbòUâG× Üíé9ìKå0âLìKÜÞÛbì[× òUî­âÝóï"à\á7âLÜÞÝm×äã@å[æKÛ'âLç´ï.

(12)  0 }'˜ .0 t ˜

(13) @ &.0$§

(14) $».&

(15) ."

(16) Ê' .  ¡"ƝÈ{Æ®¥fŠŽvszdplmy- Uh0xAuT Us0ª»h»lmv`–{h0yslmž®qtszhyUh"–{h0 zqbofg+u | h"omy-½QuT ž®q{y³´ynf ½9q{€0h¼lrv®sh0 zqt€"slmuTv)qbs@sdfh%qto­o ½QuT ;d®~ƒxAh0 UyuTvƒlr€©¾uyqt uTnfv | —pomnfv®s—\u | lmh0y"¶uT ¹q{€‘dv`nfg&—Ah0 ¨q{v | qtlm | h0vfylmsŽ~¹€0uT U h"yxAuTv | lmvfž szu,qtsg1u{yxfdfh" Ulm€& Uh'³Žh"v®sz U~=€"uTv | l­slmuTvfy"ª\q1yUs uTvfž1—Au ydfuD€½QuT g+ylrv=½Q uTv®s;u{½-sdfh—\u | ~Tªsdf uTnpžTd dplm€‘dÂqtlm | lmyyuD€"lrqtsh0y0¶wuTvfut³Žqtszu{g+lm€yxAh0€'lrh"ydplm€‘dq{ Uh}xf h | uTg)lrvfq{v®slmv=sdfh}ydfuD€ orq[~{h0 ;yUs Ul {h szdph!%qtomo-q{v | ª | nfhsu˜€7qbs‘qto­~`slm€&xf UuTx\h" UsUlrh"y‰u{½†yUu{o­l | yUnf U½9qt€0h{ªAxAuTyylr—po­~w h0€"uTg&—ƒlrvfht¶"%q{yUlm€&g+u | h"omy q{yUynfg+h#%qto­o-szu,—\hvfuTvƒ³%uT szu{szqto­om~=€7qbs‘qto­~`slm€{¶‰ŠŽvwszdplmy‰xqtx\h" 0ª$»h&yszn | ~wsdfh&xf UuTxAh0 UsUlrh"y¨u{½¸Áfvplmsh €7qbs‘qto­~`slm€#qbomomy0¶%uT szdplmy¨xfnf Ux\u{yh{ªSyh"–{h0 qtoWg+u | h'ory | h0 lm–{h | ½Q uTg!yUx\h"€"l­Á€+ž®q{y‰yUnf U½9qt€0h©€‘dfh"g)lr€0qto y€‘dph0g+h0y†s‘q`lmvfž¨lmv®szu}q{€"€0uTnfv®s†h'orh"g+h0v®s‘q{ ~)yUsh0xfy"ª®ynf€‘d,q{y-q | yu{ xpsUlruTvSª®ynf ½9q{€0h Uh0€"uTg&—plmvqtsUlru{v,qtv | | h"yuT UxpslmuTv dq7–{h˜—Ah0h0vIlrvf€"uT xAuT qtszh | lmv q€0u | h,½QuT } Uh7q{€'sl­–Th,–`lmy€"uTnfy&¾u*q{yyxAh0€'l qbo%—AuTnfv | q{ U~ €0u{v | l­slmuTvfyqtsszdfh}yUu{oml | qto­oL¶&=u | h'o­³Gszut³´g+u | h'o €0u{g1xfq{ UlmyuTvlmy;xp uTxAuTyh | ¶ ')(+*SÇ-,©Ä.0/¡{¥ d®~ƒxAh0 UyuTvƒlr€"y‰³€‘dfh"g)lr€0qto-vpuTvfh0µ`npl­o­lr—f lrnpg ³¼–`lr—f qtslmuTvqbo-vfu{vfh0µ`npl­omlm—f lrnfg ³%dfh"sh0 ub³ žTh"vfh0uTnpy Uh7q{€'slmuTvfy³¼€7qtszqto­~ƒylry.

(17) •. 

(18)      !

(19) "#%$'&.  w'

(20) 

(21)  ( ."

(22) . .'/ ÆKÄ /@¢È{Æ 0QÄ / 2 4* 3†Ä Æ 576D¡ (D¡,¡0¢ É (D¡8395  / ÄA£:6 / (D¡3;5$*¡<0%=°¢ (ƒ¡ ? Ä A( @¤AÈ 0 ( / Æ / ( K  È{ Æ 0QÄ / / ( (ƒÈTÄA£  0 / B 0L¡0Ä / ÃÅ ƒÈ  / 09¡7£ (D¡ b  È{

(23) Æ 09Ä /D/ (DÉ9¡ E ¢ / (¡ (D¢@É (¹ ®ÆB 3 ( ÃÅ ƒÈ  / 09¡7£ (D¡&Æ( /  / ƘÈTÄA:£ 3Æ( / (D¡ b  È{

(24) Æ 09Ä / ¡© ƒÉQ D£ ( / Æ0 0(D¡ G ¶­• ;«0q{€"sUlru{vfy«"om«0g+h0v®s‘qblr Uh0y‰h"vw€0qts‘qbom~Dyh}df«'sz«" uTžTe"vfh ¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶}¶¶ v Iorh}g+u | e"omh | Lh KqtvfžTg&nƒlr ¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶}¶¶ G ¶­•T¶m• H | yuT UxpslmuTJ G ¶­•T¶í› h0€"uTg&—ƒlrvqblryUuTv ¶¶¶¶¶¶¶}¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶}¶¶ G ¶­•T¶Þ“ ¦«0yu{ xpsUlruTv¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶}¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶}¶¶ G ¶Þ› ¦‰h0yU€0 lrxpsUlru{vfy | h0y;g1u | e'orh"y ¶¶¶¶¶¶}¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶}¶¶ G ¶ “ À-‚pxp h0yUyUlmuTv | h0y;€0uDNh M1€"lmh0v®szy | hxf u{—q{—pl­oml­sz«"y | h} h0€"uTg&—ƒlrvqblryUuTv¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶}¶¶ h O l­o­orh'P~ IOg+u | e"omh0y}•&¿)i ¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶}¶¶ G ¶ “p¶m• =u | e'orh"y | L G ¶ “p¶í› =u | e'orh | hkƒhqt | IOg+u | e'orh G ¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶}¶¶ G ¶ i º%uTg+xq{ qtlryUuTv | h0yg+u | e"omh0y ¶¶¶¶¶}¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶}¶¶  '¡ 3 (DÈ{ÆK¡ / ¢@£¤  " 0R=S¢ (D¡ šp¶­• qtxfx\h'o | h"y€0q{ zq{€'sz«" UlmyUslmµ`nfh0yžT«0vp«0 zqborh"y | nw€"u | h ¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶}¶¶ šp¶Þ› ŠŽvf€"omnfylruTv | h0y€"uTv | l­slmuTvfyq{nƒ‚o­lmg+l­szh"y ¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶}¶¶ šp¶Þ›ƒ¶m• uT Ug&nporqtsUlruTv–tq{ l qtsUlru{vfvfh"o­omh¼xAuTnf omh0y«0µ`nqbslmuTvfy | hW€0uTv®–Th"€"sUlruTv©q[–{h0€¼€0uTv | l­³ sUlru{vfy | h¦lr lr€‘dƒorh's ¶¶¶¶¶¶}¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶}¶¶ šp¶Þ›ƒ¶í› uT Ug&nporqtsUlruTv–tq{ UlrqtsUlruTvpvfh"o­orhxAuTnf orh"y«"µ`nqtslmuTvfy | h | lm¬\nfylruTv¹q7–Th0€€0uTv | l­³ sUlru{vfy | h‹h0npg,qtvfv¶¶¶¶¶¶}¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶}¶¶ šp¶Þ›ƒ¶Þ“ Hxfxpo­lr€0qtslmuTJv I €"uTv | l­slmuTvfyq{nƒ‚Âomlmg)lmsh0y}x\u{nf ¨orh"yÀ¼¦‰„ | h0y}omu{lry | h1€"uTvfyUh0 ³ –tqtsUlru{v |S¯ h"yxAe0€0h"y‰xAuTnf nfvphxfq{ u{l¿)€0qts‘qto­~D€"l­sz«}Ávplmh¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶}¶¶ Ÿ  D¡7¢ÉQƃÆK8¡ 3 K DRÉ 09T£ 0 /  0 (ƒ¡ V ¶­• º%uTv | l­slmuTvfy | n=€7qty³´sh0ys ¶¶¶¶¶¶¶}¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶}¶¶ V ¶Þ› ;«"ynpo­s‘qbszyh"s;€0u{g1g+h"v`szqtlm h0y ¶¶¶¶¶}¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶}¶¶ ? Ä / È®É9¢@<¡ 0QÄ / œp¶­• wu | e"omh0y | Jh O l­omomh"~ ¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶}¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶}¶¶ œp¶Þ› wu | e"omh | hkƒh %q{ | ¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶}¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶¶}¶¶. ( *) ,+ 1 > C F. Q. S U. ì. Y7Y Z\[]^"_. 1 > > C. i i G. G G. ™ ™ •T• •K› -B1. •K› •G •G •[š •[œ. -U. •[œ [• ™. 1XW. ›G ›{š.

(25) 

(26)      !

(27) "#%$'&. •. &(

(28) $"}

(29)    " !. . !  #  R#" M. %º uƒh ,€'lrh"v®s | h} Uh0€0u{g&—plmvqtlmyuTv. Ou{vf€"sUlruTv | h

(30)   Ou{vf€"sUlruTv | h}—qtyhq{yyUuƒ€'lr«"h&¿©orq1€"h"o­ornƒorh  | n=x\utlrv®s    Ou{vf€"sUlruTv | h}—qtyhq{yyUuƒ€'lr«"h&¿©orq1€"h"o­ornƒorhÀ  | nwxAu{lmv`s ¦‰h0vfylms« | h}o ¯ h0yxAe0€"!h  " O q{€"sUlru{v | h0yyUl­szh"y;o­lr—p h0y;xAuTnf o ¯ h"yxAe0€0h # ÀWyUx\e"€0h"y€‘dplmg)lrµ`nfh"y $&%' HszuTg+h}h0v=xfdq{yUh}ž®q{²0h"nfyh $() HszuTg+hq | yUuT —A« * + º%uTvf€0h"v®sz zqbslmuTv |S¯ qtsuTg+h , º%h"o­ornpomh Wu{ornpg1h"y @lrvƒlryxAuTnf orh}xAu{lmv`s  - . ÀWvph0 žtlrh |°¯ q{€"sUlm–tqtsUlru{v /10 º%uTvfyUszq{v®szh | h%"%u{o­sz²"g,qtvfv /32 º%uƒh M,€'lrh"v®s | h} U«7q{€'slmuTv | hyUnf U½9qt€0h 4 Ho­sl­szn | h 576 ‹uTg—f h | h!¹q{€‘d | q{vfyo ¯ «"€0uTnƒorh"g1h"v®so­lr—p h ¹q{yyUh&qbszuTg)lmµDnphxAuTnf o ¯ h0yxAe0€"!h 89 ‹uT Ug,qborhyUuT Uszq{v®szhq{n | uTg1qtlmvfh ;=: <?> @ º%uTvfyUszq{v®szhnfvpl­–Th" yh'omomh | h0yž®q{² @BADC16 ‹uTg—f h | hh"~Dvfu{o | y¿)o ¯ lrvpÁfvpl E º%h"o­ornpomhÀ†om«0g+h"v`sy@lmvplmyx\uTnp orh}xAu{lrv®s (  kDlmshomlm—f h¿©orq1yUnf U½9q{€"h F c l q{vpž{orh | horq | lryU€0 U«"slmyzqbslmuTv FHG ch"g1xA«0 qtsznp h | h}xq{ Uu{l :I ‰l­szh0yUyh | h | l­¬Snfylru{v | ho ¯ h"yxAe0€"! h  J K )@ +$»." º%h"sUszh¨«'szn | h‰y ¯ lrvfyU€0 lms | qtvfy»omh¨€7q | h | h0y Uh0€‘dfh" €‘dfh"yg1h"vf«0h"y¿o ¯ Šˆ‹;ŠHÅkƒuTxfdplrqb³ H‰v®slmx\utomlmy%yUnf omh0y)«0€"uTnpomh0g+h0v®sy,d®~Dx\h" yUuTvplmµDnph0y | h h"v®sz «"h0y1qtsg1u{yxfdf«" Ulmµ`nfh{¶W¦¨qtvfy)nfv±«0€"uTnpomh0g+h0v®s | h h"v®sz «"h sŽ~DxplmµDnph{ª°omh©€‘dfuD€©h0v·q{g+uTv®s | n€0uT Uxfy¨h0ys}yUl@–Dlmu{omh0v®s}µ`nfh©omh0y | l­¬\«0 h"v®szyg+u | h0y |°¯ «0vfh" ž{lmh©lmv`sh0 Uvfh L s zq{vpyUorqtslmuTv°ª Uu{s‘qtsUlru{v°ªS–`lr—p zqtsUlruTN v M | h0yg1utor«"€0npomh0yž®q{²0h"nfyh"yy ¯ «"€7q{ szh"v`s½QuT szh0g+h"v`s | h)o ¯ «"µDnƒlmo­lr—p h h"s%µ`nfh¨yUlmg&nƒomszq{vf«0g+h"v`somh0yg+u{om«0€"npomh0yyh | lryUyuD€"lmh0v®s7B¶ KqyUlmg&nporqtsUlruTvv`nfg+«0 lrµ`nfh | h0yh'¬Sh'szy | h | «0yˆ³ «0µ`npl­o­lr—f Uh;q | «U‡¿‰½9qtl­s¸o ¯ uT—ƒ‡ˆh"s | hvfu{g&—f Uh0nfyUh0y¼xfnf—po­lr€0qtslmuTvfPy OóR• QLSª O •{T• QLSª O )“ Q°¶`º%h'sszh«'szn | hyUh€0uTvp€0h0v®s h h0yUyh"v`sUlrh'omomh0g+h"v`syUnf Wo ¯ lrvƒ¾nfh0vp€0h | horq€0qts‘qto­~Dyh¿}orq}xq{ utlOynf | h0y¼«0€"uTnpomh0g+h0v®sy «0q{€"sUlm½QyW–`lryUµDnph0nƒ‚\¶ Kq¨oml­ss«0 zqbsznf UhyxA«0€"lrqto­lryU«0h | q{vfy†€"h | uTg1qtlrvph;g+uTv®s hµ`nfho q¨g+u | «"o­lryqtslmuTv | h0yWxfdp«0vfuTg+e"vfh0y | h h ³ €0u{g&—plmvqtlmyuTv˜¿¨o qxq{ Uu{lh"yUs¼nfvfhVs Ut€‘dfh | l M1€"l­omhh'sWµDn ¯ h'omomh‰q«'sz«o ¯ uT—p‡ˆh's | hvfuTg&—p h0npyh0y» h"€‘dfh0 U€‘dfh0y €0h"y | h" vplme0 Uh0yqtvfvf«0h"y‰€0q{ h'omomh©q1nfvfhsz e"y‰žT UuTyyUhlmvp¾nph0vf€"h©ynf ;orh€7qbor€"npo | n¹¾nƒ‚ | h€‘dqtomh0nf ‰¿1orq xq{ Uu{lL¶ K h; «"ynpo­s‘qts | h;€0h0y» h"€‘dfh0 U€‘dfh0yq | uTvfvf«o­lrh"n¿ | h;vfuTg—f h"nƒ‚˜g1u | e'orh"y%xAuTnf Wo q}€7qtszqto­~ƒyUh‰yUnf . ì. Y7Y Z\[]^"_.

(31) › omh0y‰ylmo­lm€7qtsh0y‰µ`npl@€0u{vfyUsUlmsnfh0v®s‰omh&y~DyUsze"g+h | hxf u{sh0€'slmuTv¹szdph0 g)lmµ`nfh L  M | h"y‰€0u{ xfy | h& Uh0v®sz U«0ht¶ ¦¨q{vpyomh0y;xf h"g+lme0 Uh0y¨«'szn | h0y¨g+h0vp«0h0yynf ;orhynt‡ˆh"s7ªOomhg+u | e"omh | h€7qbs‘qto­~Dyh&€"uTvfylrys‘qtl­s¿+€0uTvpyUl | «0 Uh0 nfvfhyUh0npomh «0q{€"sUlru{v)h0v)xfdqtyhž®q{²"h0nfyUhxf e"y | h%orq¨xq{ Uu{lG¶{„-q{ @o q¨yUnplmsh{ª | h0xfnplmy†nfvfh | lr²0qtlrvph |°¯ q{vfvf«"h0y h0v®–`lm uTv°ªOomh0y‰g+u | e"omh0yyhyuTv®s‰ zq M1vf«"yxAuTnf szh"vplr ;€0u{g1xƒszh | h0y; «7qt€"slmuTvfy«"om«0g+h0v®szqtlr Uh0y¨µ`npllmv`sh0 ˆ³ –`lrh"vfvfh"v`s | q{vpy¨orh"yxfdf«0vpuTg+e0vfh"y | h) Uh0€"uTg&—plmvqtlmyu{vfydp«"sz«" uTž{e0vfh"y0¶¦¨q{vpy€"h) zq{xpx\uT s7ª\uTv | lmy€0nƒszh | h"y; qtlmyuTvfyxAuTnf omh0yUµ`nfh"o­orh"y‰€"h¨sŽ~ƒxAh | h}y€‘df«"g1q{y U«7q{€'slmuTvfvfh'oryh"yUs;yh"vfy«}uT—psh0vplm | h0yxp « | lr€'slmuTvfy xpomnfy˜xp «0€'lryUh0y yUnf 1nfvʖtq{yszh=€‘dq{g+x | hszh"g1xA«0 qtsznp h0y"¶%‹;uTnfy˜q[–{uTvfy1lrvf€'ornpy˜nfvʀ0h0 s‘qtlmv vpuTg&—f Uh | h1€0h"y&g+u | e"omh0y | q{vfy&npv €0u | h,‹‰q7–`lrh" ³ˆkDszu th0y+›t¦ €0u{g1g+h,€0uTv | lmsUlruTv q{nƒ‚ o­lrg)l­szh0y&¿orqwxfq{ u{l¼h's uTv±€0u{g1xfq{ h omh0y) U«0ynƒomszqtszy+uT—psh0v`nfy+xAuTnf &omh0y | l­¬S«" h"v`sy+g1u | e'orh"y | q{vfy©omh€7q{y |°¯ nfv±«0€"uTnpomh0g+h0v®s d®~Dx\h" yu{vplrµ`nfh&q{npsuTnf |°¯ nfv¹€"uT xpy | h Uh0v®sz U«0ht¶  ,}

(32)  §  '

(33)  =( 

(34)  #=) ."/,

(35) .   nq{v | l­ory½Q zq{xfxAh0v®s©orqÂxq{ Uu{lLªomh0y+qtsuTg+h0y©yUuTv®s+ynfxpx\uTyU«0y)vfh˜ «0xAuTv | h µ`n ¯ ¿ | h0nƒ‚ €0uTg+xAuT ³ szh"g+h0v®szy}xAuTyylr—pomh0y Il­omyyuTv®sq | yUuT —A«0yuTn· U«"¾«"€‘dplryq7–Th"€)o qg 0g+h)–`lmsh0yyUh{¶@º ¯ h0yUsnfvg+u | e"omh | l­s |°¯ #   %#" '#  # ! ¶\º%h'sszh&d`~DxAu{szdpe0yh&h0yUs‰ynfxpx\uTyU«0h©–{«0 Ul­Á«"h©x\h"v | q{v®s¨suTnpsh€"h"ssh©«"sn | ht¶SŒ;vfh ½Qu{lmy¨q | yuT U—\«tª\nfvÂqtszuTg+hx\h"nps¨ U«7q{ž{lm q[–{h0€©npvq{nps h©qbszuTg+h&xAuTnf ;xf Uu | nƒlr Uh&nfvfh&g1utor«"€0npomh{¶°º%h"ssh «0q{€"sUlru{v | h‰ Uh0€0u{g&—plmvqtlmyuTvh"yUsh ‚putszdfh" g)lrµ`nfhh'sorq&€‘dqtomh0nf %xf u | npl­szh¨h"yUsyUnfxfxAuTy«"h "s h¨h"v®slme0 h ³ g+h0v®s€"uTv | npl­szh&¿,orq,xq{ Uu{lL¶Sº%h'ssh©d®~ƒxAu{sdfe0yUh©h0ys | l­szh 

(36) " %#" !)       ! X & µ`n ¯ uTv uTxfxAuTyUh¿)nfvph}q{npsz Uh}g1u | «'omlmyzqtsUlru{v | qtvfyo qtµDnph"o­orhyh"nporh}nfvph}½Q q{€"sUlru{

(37) v | ho ¯ «0vph0 žtlrh}h0ys;€0uTv | nplmsh ¿o q=xq{ utlG¶Œ;v | h"y©q{ UžTnfg+h0v®szy | h,„-q{ - O œ Q¼xAuTnf }«"szq7~Th0 &€0h"sUszh1d®~ƒxAu{sdfe0yUh h0ys&µ`nfh1o ¯ «0vfh" ž{lmh1vfh xAh0npsxfq{yyh¨o­lr—A«0 Uh0 | qtvfy%orq©€0uTnf€‘dph}o­lmg+l­szhxpnplryUµ`n ¯ h'omomh~ Uh0vf€"uTv®sz hnpv=ž{ zq | lmh0v®s | hszh0g+xA«0 qtsznf Uh €0u{v`s zqtlm ht¶ "»lmh0v˜µ`nfhkƒ€"u{ss Oó•K)› QOqblms¼ «'–T«'or«;µ`nfh"omµ`nfh0y%lmv | lm€0h"y¼lmv | lmµ`nq{v®s»µDnph;o ¯ qt—fyuT UxpslmuTv |°¯ «0vfh" ž{lmh v ¯ h0ys&–D zqtlmyh"g&—porq{—pomh0g+h"v`s+µ`nfh1xq{ slmh"o­orhtª@u{v v ¯ q=µ`nfh,x\h"n |°¯ lmvp½QuT g1qtsUlru{v ynp omh,€"uƒh M1€"lmh0v® s h's lm€"lAuTv1ynfxfxAuTyUho ¯ q{—pyuT UxpslmuTv˜€"uTg+xpome"szht¶ƒº%h"ssh‰d®~Dx\utszdfe"yh¨q | h"y»xf UuTxf lr«'sz«0y¼lrv®s«0 h"yyq{v®szh0y%µDnƒl\yUuTv®s «"sn | lm«0h"y¨xq{ nf²0vfh'szyUuK– | q{vp$y O G QL¶\Š´og+uTv®sz Uh&µ`nfh&xAuTnf ;nfvÂvpuTg&—f Uh | hh"~Dvfu{o | y¨h's‰nfvph–`lmsh0yUyh €0u{  h"yxAuTv | qtv`s)¿wo q Uh0v®sz U«0h | q{vfy&o ¯ qbszg+uTyxpdfe0 Uh{ª-omh˜¾nƒ‚ | h g+u{om«0€"npomh0y | h  µ`npl%µDnƒlmsUszh0v®s)orq ynp U½9q{€"hq‰sz e"y¸xAh0n |°¯ lrvp¾fnfh0vf€"hynf ¸omh%¾nƒ‚ | h€‘dqtomh0np W¿‰o q‰xfq{ u{lL¶®º ¯ h0ys¼nfvfh Uh0g1q{ µ`nfhlmg+x\uT s‘q{v®sh | q{vpy»orq&g+h0ynp h¨u ,o qxpornpxq{ Us | h0y%g1u | e'orh"yvf«0žtomlmžTh0v®s | h½9qtl­s»omh¾fnƒ‚ | h 1¶ƒŠ´o\h0ys€"uTg+g1u | h | h | «'Ávplm ¼lm€"lomhs‘q{nƒ‚ | hxf uT—fq{—pl­oml­sz« | h h"€0uTg—plmvqtlmyuTv  €"uTg+g1homh; q{xfxAuT UsWh"v®sz homh¾fnƒ‚ |°¯ qtszu{g1h"y µ`nplyh h"€0uTg—plmvfh0v®s‰¿+orq)ynf ½9q{€0h}h"somh¾nƒ‚ |°¯ qtsuTg+h0ylrvf€'l | h0v®szy I.   . º%h | h0 Uvplmh0 ;h0yUs | u{vfvf«}xq{ orq)sdf«0u{ Ulmh€'lrvp«"slmµ`nfh | h0yž®q{² I  !. * P+#". / 0 FHG 1 $&% 89. ')(DY*',+.

(38) “. 

(39)      !

(40) "#%$'&. +

(41)  $.'

(42) + +

(43) $»." +

(44) 

(45) $%( )=."=.0  kƒuTnfy}o ¯ d®~Dx\utszdfe"yh | h1vfuTvD³Žž{o­lryUyh"g1h"v®s | h"y&h0yUx\e"€0h"y©ynf }orq=xqt u{lLª°orh+s‘qtnƒ‚ | h1xf u | nf€'slmuTv | h"y h0yUx\e"€0h"y‰g+uTvfu®qbszuTg)lmµDnph0yh0ys | u{vfvf«}xq{

(46) O i3Q I . uJI /32. . . /32 .  . / 0 FHG  $% 89.  ". u  h"s 89 yUuTv®s1omh€0uDhNM1€"lmh0v®s | hxf uT—fq{—pl­oml­sz« | h h"€0uTg—plmvqtlmyuTvÊh"s+o qg1q{yUyhwqtszuTg)lmµ`nfh | h o ¯ h"yxAe0€0h &ª FHG˜orq=sh0g+xA«0 zqbsznf Uh ¿=orqwxfq{ u{lLªynfxpx\uTyU«0h˜lm€"l¼€"uTvfyUszq{v®szht¶ K h0y€0uTv | lmsUlruTvpy©¿=orqwxfq{ u{l xAuTnf omh0y;h0yxAe0€"h0y;g+uTvfu®qtsuTg)lrµ`nfh"yyUuTv®s;«0€0 lmsh0y;€0uTg+g+hynpl­s4I : L • M /32   I  ; :   u  ; : h0ys;omh–Th"€"szh"nf ‰vpuT g1qto¿)orq+xfq{ u{lL¶  ¦¨q{vpy©nfvfh xp «0€"« | h"v®szh«"sn | h Oó•[)” QLª@o ¯ lmg+x\u{ Us‘qtvf€0h | h˜o qw€7qtszqtom~DyUh¿wo qwxq{ utlq¹«'sz« «'szn | lr«"hx\uTnp nfvI«0€0u{nporh"g+h0v®s1›{¦*h0vIÁƒ‚fqtv`sorh"y€"uƒh M1€"lmh0v®szy | h,xf UuT—q{—ƒlmo­lms«0y | h˜ Uh0€0u{g&—plmvqtlmyuTv ¿ | h"y–tqtomh0nf Uy q{ U—plms zqtlm h"yh"s;h0vw€7qtom€0nporq{v®s;orh¾nƒ‚ | h€‘dfqtorh"nf ;µDnƒl@h"vw U«0yUnpomsh{¶AŒvph«'szn | h}ylrg)l­o qtlm hq+«"sz«g+h0vf«"h h0v Oäš Q%g,qblry©xAuTnf &nfvfh žT«"uTg+«"s Ulmhqb‚Dlry~ƒg+g+«"s Ulmµ`nfh{¶¼‹utsz h˜—fnps | qtvfy©€0h'ssh«"szn | h h0ys | h ylrgnƒ³ omh0 +v`nfg+«0 Ulmµ`nfh0g+h"v`s˜o q·€7qtszqto­~ƒyUhwxAuTnf | h0y1xq{ utlry+xq{ slmh"o­orh"g+h0v®s˜€0qts‘qbom~`slmµ`nfh0y,h0vN€7qtom€0nƒo q{v®s1orh"y €0uDNh M1€'lrh"v`sy | h}xf UuT—q{—ƒlmo­lms« | h} h0€"uTg&—ƒlrvqblryUuTv¿©o ¯ qtl | h | h}g+u | e"omh0y;xf « | lr€'sl­½Qy0¶. 

(47)  

(48) '

(49) }

(50)  $.0 (

(51)  @$»."

(52) 0 Œvfh)xp h0g)lme0 Uh1g1q{vƒlre" h | h)€"uTvfyUs nplm h+nfv·g+u | e"omh) «0q{€"sUlruTvpvfh"o†h"yUs | h)yUnfxfxAuTyh" }µDnph)xf e"y | h orq+xfq{ u{lLªforq+ U«7q{€'slmuTv=ynpl­–tq{v®szhq)o­lmh0n=h0v=xfdq{yUhž®qt²0h0npyh I $&%H

(53). $ %H. . &%'. h}€0uDhNM1€"lmh0v®s | h}xf uT—fq{—pl­oml­sz« | h} h"€0uTg—plmvqtlmyuTvwx\h"npsU³#"sz Uh}uT—pszh"v`n¹xq{ orq©orutl |°¯ H  Udf«0vplmnfy I K. . . . A. . - .  /10 F G. u  h0ysnfv½9qt€"szh"nf yUs«0 Ulmµ`nfh%µ`npl®sUlrh"v®s-€"uTg+xpszh | h"y@h'¬Sh'szy | lr Uh0€'slmuTvfvfh'ory L | l M1€"l­orh"g+h0v®s¸xf U«"–`lmyUlm—porh"yVM h"Ps -.¨h0yso ¯ «0vfh" ž{lmh |°¯ qt€"sl­–tqtslmuTv | ho q) U«7q{€'slmuTv°¶ º%h"sUszh;q{xfxp uD€‘dfh;q¨«"sz«yUnfžTžT«" «0hh'sWynpl­–`lrh;xq{ ¼kƒ€"u{ssPOó•K›QGªDkDsh %q{ UsWh's»qtoG¶ Oó• G Qh'sSuT—®~)h"s¼qboG¶{lmv O ›D•RQG¶ Kq | «"sh0 Ug+lmvqtsUlru{v | n½9q{€'szh"nf yUs«0 Ulmµ`nfh1h"s | h©o ¯ h"vfh0 Už{lmh |S¯ q{€'sl­–tqtslmuTv q h0xAuTyU« | q{vfy}nfv·xf Uh0g)lrh" szh"g+xfy‰yUnf | h0y;h'‚ƒxf«0 lrh"vf€0h+qtnwyUu{og1h"vf«0h"y¨xq{ kDsh %q{ Ush"s‰;q ®lr€‘d Oó• G Q-q7–{h0€ | lm¬\«0 Uh0v®szh"y¨ynf ½9q{€0h"y €7qbs‘qto­~`slmµDnph0yh"sq[–{h0€ | h"y¸‡ˆh"sy |°¯ q{ €¨xAuTnf »xf u | nplm h | h0y«"€0uTnƒorh"g1h"v®szy;¿©dq{npsh‰h"v`sdqtomxplmh{¶„†nplmyorh"y ì. Y7Y Z\[]^"_.

(54) i fx U«"–`lrylru{vfy¨uTv®s¨«'sz« zq M1vf«"h0y‰h"v¹omh0y‰€"uTg+xq{ q{v®sq{nƒ‚wxf Uh0g)lme0 h"y | uTvpvf«0h"y¨h0v=–Tu{oslm «"h0y | h"y–{u{ory• ¿ G | horq1vfq[–{h"sUszh&u{ —pl­szh" I   L kƒxq{€"h&c zq{vpyxAuT UszqtslmuTv¹kD~DyUszh"g M•TªA›ƒªO“)h's G ¶AkD€0u{sUs;½Qu{nf vpl­sorh"y –tqtomh0nf Uy;yUnpl­–{qtv`sh0yx\uTnp orh"y;€"uƒhM1€"lmh0v®szy | h}xf uT—fq{—pl­oml­sz« | h} h"€0uTg—plmvqtlmyuTvJI L3 ›M  A

(55)  

(56)    L1 “M  A 

(57)      À†vw q M1vq{v®s;€0h"y U«0ynƒomszqtszy"ª SuT—®~ O ›DR• Q xf UuTx\u{yh I L iM  A!

(58) "$ # %     .  .  A 

(59)  . LG M. Œ vph xp h0g)lme0 Uh ylrg+xpo­l­Á€7qtsUlru{v | q{vpy€0hsŽ~Dx\h | hg+u | e"omh·h0yUs=µ`nfhomh0y«0vfh" ž{lmh0y |°¯ q{€'sl­–{qbslmuTv vfh xAh0np–{h0v®s-h"v}žT«0vf«" zqtoTxq{y "s h†€"uTvfyUl | «" «0h"y-€"uTg+g1h†€"uTvfys‘q{v®szh"y@yUnf nfvfh¸–tq{yszhWxporq{žTh | h¸sh0g+xf«" zqtsnf ht¶ ¦‰hWxpomnfy€0uTg+g+h†orhWynpžTžTe0 Uh O q{ Uvqts² | q{vfy Oó•[šQLª O •[œ Q | h†szh'omomh0y h'o qbslmuTvfyuT—psh0v`nfh0yxq{ €"uTg+xq{ qtlryUuTv h'‚ƒxA«0 lrg+h0v®szqtorh}vfh‰yuTv®s–tqtorq{—pomh0yµ`nfhxAuTnf | h0y€"uTv | l­slmuTvfy%s e"yyUlmg+l­orqtlr Uh0y¿&€"h"o­orh | h¨o ¯ h'‚ƒxA«0 Ulmh0vp€0h h"so ¯ h'‚Ds zq{xAu{orqtslmuTv | hszh'omomh0y‰½Qu{ g&nƒorh"y¨x\u{nf | h0y‰sh0g+x\«" zqtsnf h"y¨yh"vfyUlm—pomh0g+h0v®s | l­¬S«" h"v`sh0yh"yUs¨npvfh xf Uuƒ€"« | nf Uh Ulmyµ`nf«"h{¶W„-qt )h'‚ƒh0g+xpomh{ª O l­omomh"~ O •[™ Q h"g1q{ µ`nfhµ`n ¯ lmov ¯ ~ qÂxq{y | h,–{qborh"nf )g1qb‚Dlrg1qtomh xAuTnf -omh0y†€"uƒh M,€'lrh"v®szy | uTvfvf«"y†xq{ -omh0y†½QuT Ug&npomh0y†xp «0€"« | h"v®szh0y»qtomuT y†µ`nfhomh0y | uTvfvf«"h0yWh'‚ƒxf«" Ulmg1h"v®s‘qtomh0y h'‚ƒdplm—Ah0v®s&npv·sh"o†g1qb‚Dlmg&nfg¶„uTnf orh"y}dq{npsh0y¨szh"g+xf«0 qtsznf Uh0y"ª€"h0y}g+u | e"omh0y}yuTv®s}—AuT vp«0y}xq{ ¨npvfh –tqtomh0nf €0u{vfyUszq{v®szh€0uTg+g+h}uTv=omh¨–Th"  q˜¿©o q)yUh0€"sUlru{v G ¶ if¶ & $.0 (

(60)  

(61) =)§$%( 

(62) +

(63)  *@$».'& '(

(64) )."

(65) . º%uTg+g+h}omhynpžTžTe0 Uh | h0y;q{nƒszh0np y€"l­sz«"yxf «"€0e | h0g+h0v®s7ªOnfvyU€‘df«0g1q+€"lmvf«"sUlrµ`nfh€0uTg+xpomh"s | u{lms "sz Uh | «'–Th"omuTxfxA«¿)orq+xq{ utlGX¶ O q{ Uvqtsz²¨½9qblms Uh0g1q{ µ`nfh" | q{vfy O •7)œ Qµ`n ¯ nfvfhszh'omomh&qtxfxf uD€‘dfh}yhs zq | nƒlmsxqt nfvfhqtg1«'omlmuT qtslmuTv)yh"vfyUlm—pomh | n)g+u | e'orh | q{vfy¸orq‰g+h0ynp hu ©omh0y†€0u{vfyUszq{v®szh0y | h»–Dl­szh"yyUh | h0y† «0q{€"sUlru{vfy «"om«0g+h"v`szqtlm h0y¼vfh | «"x\h"v | h"v`s¼µ`nfh | horq‰szh"g+x\«" zqtsnf ht¶`º%hsŽ~Dx\h |°¯ q{xfxf Uuƒ€‘dphh0yUsW€"uTvfv`n+x\u{nf -½QuTnf Uvplm | h—\uTvpy» U«0ynƒomszqtszyh's%h"yUs%€0uTg+g&npvf«0g+h0v®s;q{€"€0h"xpsz«"h¨x\u{nf ¼orq€‘dƒlrg)lmh¨h0v xpdq{yhdfuTg+uTžTe"vfh{¶pºq&v ¯ h0ys xq{y)omh€7q{y+h0vNxfdqtyhdf«"s«0 UuTžTe0vphwu ¤omhg,qtvfµ`nfh | h | uTvfvf«"h0y1h'‚ƒx\«" Ulmg+h0v®s‘qtomh0y,h0ys,€" Ul­slmµ`nfh{(¶ '¨v y ¯ q{€"€0uT | h˜€"h0xAh0v | qtv`s)¿wynpxfx\u{yh0 µ`nfh,omh0y «7qt€"slmuTvfydf«"s«0 UuTžTe0vph0y&xAh0nƒ–Th0v®s)yUh | «"€0uTg+xAuTyh" ©h0v “ «"szq{xAh0y«"om«0g+h"v`szqtlm h0y I°o ¯ q | yUuT xpsUlru{v | h0y}qtsuTg+h0y¨µ`npl¸½Q q{xfxAh0v®s¨orq xq{ Uu{lGªAo q, h0€"uTg&—ƒlrvqblryUuTvIyUnf ¨omh yutoml | h¨h'so q | «0yUuT xpsUlru{v | h0yg+u{om«0€"nporh"y½QuT g+«"h0y0¶p¦¨q{vfyomh0y%yuTnfyˆ³ŽyUh0€"sUlru{vfyµ`npl°yUnplm–{h0v®s7ªu{v zq{xpx\h'omomh —f lre'–Th0g+h"v`s‰µ`nfh"omµ`nfh0yvfu{slmuTvfyh"yyh"v®slmh"o­orh"y¨ynf orq1 Uh0€"uTg&—plmvqtlmyu{v¹df«'sz«0 UuTžTe"vfh{¶ )+*-,. .0/2143657984:<;=/?>@/?ACB?:D5147@EB2;FB?:G3H1I51(>KJL;MBONP/H5/2E8DQ4R?:PB.  /¡0Ä."3Æ 0QÄ / ¥†É (£¤Ä /76ƒÉ ( / (WV /!X £ ¢D0   nq{v | nfvw¾fnpl | hh"yUsq{n=€0uTv®s‘qt€"s |°¯ npvwyUu{oml | htªOomh0yqtsuTg+h0yh"somh0y;g1utor«"€0npomh0y | n=o­lmµDnƒl | huTn | n ž®q{²sh0v | h"v®s¿yUh;Áƒ‚ph" »yUnf Wo qynf ½9q{€0h | n˜yUu{o­l | h L lržf¶•M'¶'¨v˜q{xpx\h'omomh€"h‰xfdp«0vfuTg+e"vfho ¯  "

(66) " %#" | h"y©xq{ slm€0npomh0y©xfq{ orqwxfq{ u{lL¶-kƒnpl­–{qtv`sorh1sŽ~Dx\h | h,o­l qtlmyu{v h0v®sz Uh˜omh˜yutoml | h˜h's&omh˜ž®qt²{ª | h0nƒ‚IsŽ~Dx\h"y FTS -US -. ')(DY*',+.

(67) 

(68)      !

(69) "#%$'& G. |°¯ q | yUuT xpsUlru{vxAh0np–{h0v®s "sz Uh | lryslmvfžTnf«"y0¶  nq{v | h"o­omh0yyuTv®s½9qtlm—pomh0g+h0v®somlm«0h"y@qtnyUu{oml | htª7orh"yg+u{om«0€"npomh0y yu{v`s | l­szh0y»xfd®~DyUlmyuT U—\«"h0y0¶º%h‰xfdf«"vfuTg+e0vphvfhyUh‰xf Uu | nplms%µ`n ¯ ¿—q{yUyh0y»szh0g+xA«0 qtsznf Uh0yh's%h"yUs%vf«0ž{o­lmžT« | q{vpy˜€0h'sshw«'szn | ht¶  nq{v | orq szh"g+x\«" zqtsnf h¹q{nfžTg+h0v®sh{ª | h0y1omlrqtlmyuTvfy1½QuT Ush0y1yhw€0 «"h0v®s h"v®sz h=orh"y €0u{g1xAuTyq{v®szh0y | n·¾fnpl | h)h"s¨omh0yylmsh0y | nyUu{oml | ht¶º ¯ h"yUsorq €‘dplmg+lmyu{ xpsUlruTvS4¶ Kq €‘dplrg)lmyuT UxpslmuTv «"szq{v®s nfvÂxpdf«0vfu{g1e"vfh©sz Ue0yh'‚ƒu{szdph0 g)lmµ`nfh{ª € ¯ h"yUsnfv¹xf uD€0h"yynpy‰lr U «'–Th0 UyUlm—pomh1h's¨€"h"ssh© «0q{€"sUlru{v€‘dplmg+lmµ`nfh h0yswq{yyUuƒ€'lr«"hI¿¤nfvph «"vfh0 Už{lmh |°¯ q{€'sl­–{qbslmuTv°\¶ Kq{vfž{g&nplm ynfxfxAuTyUh µ`n ¯ nfvfh yh"npomhI€"uTnf€‘dfh |°¯ qtszu{g1h"y q | yUuT —A«0yxAh0nƒs€0uTnƒ–ƒ lr ,o q yUnf U½9q{€"hÂh"s µDnphxq{ ˜€"uTvfyU«0µ`nfh0v®s=orh¹xf uD€0h"yynpyh0v®slmh0 | «"x\h"v | | h¹orq ½Q zqt€"slmuTv | h¹ylmsh0y1omlm—f h"y " # ¿o q ynf ½9q{€0ht¶¼„@uTnf ,nfv žTq{²vfuTv U«7q{€'sl­½}¿·nfvfh¹yUh0npomh¹h"yxAe0€"h{ªWlmo;h0ys xAuTyylr—pomh | h | « | nplm ho ¯ lmyu{sdfh0 Ug+h | h Kq{vfžTgnplm L O › Q&M©µ`npl | uTvfvphorq½Q zq{€'slmuTv | h=ylmsh0y+omlm—f Uh0y1h0v ½QuTvf€'slmuTv | ho q)xf Uh0yylru{v  ¿©or¿+yUnf U½9qt€0h{ªorq©szh0g+xA«0 qtsznf Uh«'s‘q{v®s;g1qtlmv`sh0v`nfh€0uTvpyUs‘qtv`sh I " # . . . .

(70) . u h"yUsorh} q{xfxAuT Us | n=€0uDhNM1€'lrh"v`s |°¯ q | yUuT xpsUlru{v¹q{n=€0uDhN M1€'lrh"v`s | h | «"yuT UxpslmuTvJI . / . /. ¨vwxAh0nƒs–Tu{lm µDn ¯ ¿+g+h0ynp h&µ`nfhorq)xf h"yyUlmuTv¹q{nfžTg+h0v®sh{ªo q)yUnf U½9q{€"hyUh}€0uTnp–D Uh€"uTg+xpor«'szh"g1h"v®s7¶ FTS -US 1 Ÿ(DÈTÄ\£  0 /  0L¡"Ä / K h0y; h0€"uTg&—ƒlrvqblryUuTvfy;yhxf u | nplmyh"v`s;yUnplm–tq{v®s | h0nD‚xf uD€0h"yyUnfy I  V!)'#  #

(71) "      #   ŒvNqtsuTg+h lrvp€"l | h0v®s+½Q zq{xpx\h npvÊqbszuTg+hq | yUuT —A«h"s+ylo ¯ «"vfh0 Už{lrhh"yUs1yXn M1yq{v®szhorh"y | h0nƒ‚¤qtszu{g1h"y | h"yuT U—\h"v`sh0v=nfvfh}g+u{om«0€"nporh L lržf¶1› M'¶  V!)'#  #

(72) "  7 18&#  

(73) *# X !   

(74)  ¦¨q{vpy€0h¨xf Uuƒ€"h0yUynfy | h"nƒ‚qtsuTg+h0yq | yuT U—\«"y «0q{ž{lmyyh"v®sh0vfyUh0g&—ƒorh}ynp o q&yUnf U½9qt€0hxAuTnf »½Qu{ g+h0 npvfh g+u{om«0€0nƒorh L @lmžf¶1“ M'¶ '. D  ¡0Ä. 3Æ 09Ä / Š´oW~·q | h0nƒ‚ sŽ~Dx\h"y | h | «"yuT UxpslmuTvIx\uTyUyUlm—pomh0y Io q | «"yuT UxpslmuTv yUx\u{v`szq{vf«"h | h"y&qtsuTg+h0y L @lmžf¶°iM h"s | h"yg+u{om«0€"npomh0y | nfh¿)orq)szh0g+xA«0 qtsznf Uh«'orh'–T«"h&h"sorq | «0yUuT xpsUlru{v | h"y;g+u{om«0€"npomh0y¨¿)orq+yUnpl­szh |°¯ npvfh h"€0uTg—plmvqtlmyuTv°¶ FTS -US >. )+*. . . B2;M3HE 7P57@84:<; B2; A. 8 R?>@B2;. ¦¨q{vfy;€0h zqtxfx\u{ Us7ª€'lrvpµg1u | e'orh"y;sh0vq{v®s€0uTg+xpsh | h0y; «7qt€"slmuTvfy;«"om«0g+h"v`szqtlm h0y‰yh0 UuTv®s‰«'szn | lr«"y I i+uTv®s«"s«xf uTxAuTyU«0yxq{ O l­omomh"~ h"s}•}xq{ ;kƒhqt | ¶O¦‰h"y | «"szqtlmomy;¿)xf uTxAuTy | h€"h0y;g+u | e'orh"yynpl­–Th"v`s0¶ „@u{nf nfvfh | h0yU€0 lrxpsUlru{v=xƒornfy%xf «"€"lmyh{ªƒuTv yUh¨ h"x\uT szh" zq©¿9Oó•[™ Q°h"sBO •0iQL¶f„-qt »orq&ynpl­szhtªpvfu{nfyxf U«"–Tu[~{uTvfy |°¯ lrg+xpom«0g+h"v`sh0 | h0nD‚=q{nps h0yg+u | e"omh0y Inpv | h!"» nfvfu+h'snfv | hO qt vqts² L €"h | h0 vƒlrh" ynpl­–tq{v®snpvfh q{xfxp uD€‘dfh}vDnpg1«" Ulmµ`nfh&uT lržtlrvqborDh M'¶ ì. Y7Y Z\[]^"_.

(75) š. Atomes en phase gazeuse. Sites libres. Paroi. • .  # =#   !  %#%$'&  & ) .   "

(76) ". %#". ')(DY*',+.

(77) 

(78)      !

(79) "#%$'& V. Atome incident. Atome adsorbé Désorption d’une molécule. Receuil complet de l’ énergie libérée par la recombinaison. S› . ì. Y7Y Z\[]^"_.  V !)'#.  #

(80) "    . . #   .

(81) œ. Saut. Atome glissant. Atome adsorbé. Désorption d’une molécule. Recueil complet de l’énergie libérée. A“ .  V !)'#.  #

(82) "  7 18&#  

(83) J# X !   

(84) . ')(DY*',+.

(85) ™. 

(86)      !

(87) "#%$'&. ­l omomh"~ | q{vfy

(88) Oó•[™)QSxf «"yh"v`sh}i)g1u | e'orh"y | lm¬\«0 Uh0v®szy"¶O¦‰h0nD‚yu{v`s—fq{y«"yynf omh¨xf Uuƒ€"h0yyUnfy | h¨ Uh0€0u{g&—pl ³ vqtlmyu{v |°¯ À¸omh"~®³ˆl | h7qto°h"snpvynf €"h"omnpl | hJKq{vfžTgnplr ˆ³ lrvfyUdfh"o »uƒu | ¶K h | h" vplmh0 %h0yUsnfvg+u | e'orh‰€"l ³ vf«'slmµDnph%h0g+xplm Ulmµ`nfh¿ | h0nD‚&«'s‘q{xAh0y | uTv®sorh"y-xqt zq{g+e"s h"y@yUuTv®s-Áp‚ƒ«0y@xq{ nfvfh»g+«"szdpu | h | h"y-g+u{lmv | h"y €7qt  «"yynf omh0y | uTvfvf«"h0y;h'‚DlmyUs‘qtv`sh0y"¶ kƒhq{ || q{vfy Oó•[“ Q°h"s O •7iQ°q | h'–Th'oruTxpx\«nfvg+«"€7q{vplmyg+h}€0u{g1xƒorh'sx\u{nf %orq& h"€0uTg—plrvfqtlryUuTv | h‰o ¯ u7‚D~®³ žTe"vfh©ynp ‰orh"y¨yUl­o­lr€0q{y¨µ`npl¸ Uh0xAuTyh&ynf ‰s u{lmy‰ U«7q{€'slmuTvfy ISq | yUuT xpsUlru{v | h0yqbszuTg+h0y |°¯ u7‚D~DžTe0vph0yynp ‰orh"y yUl­szh"y;o­lm—f h"y0ªO h"€0uTg—plrvfqtlryUuTvfy |°¯ À†omh"~®³Žl | h7qbo@h's | «0yUuT xpsUlru{v | h"yg+u{om«0€"npomh0y0¶ O q{ vqbsz² O •7š QWynfž{žTe0 Uh,nfv g+«0€0q{vplmyg+h ¿€"lmvfµ«"szq{xAh0y | q{vfy}orh"µ`nfh"o¼uTv·slmh0v®s€0uTg+xpsh | h"y Uh0€"uTg©³ —plmvqtlmyuTvpy |°¯ À¸orh'~®³ˆl | h0qto@h"s | h KqtvfžTg&nƒlr ˆ³ ;lmvfyUdfh"o %uDu | qtlmvfyUlµ`nfh | h}o q | «0yUuT xƒslmuTv | h"yh"yxAe0€"h0y g+uTvfut³Žqtszu{g+lmµ`nfh0y"¶ O. . . )+*. <EB2;M;7@84:. . <B2; 3T8LB. 3 7@B?:45; B  E8 <1 7->97 5/2;<BEB23H84A

(89) 79:<147@;84:. ¨v | uTvfvph&orh"y¨h'‚ƒxf Uh0yUyUlmuTvfy | h"y¨€0uDhNM1€"lmh0v®sy | h©xf UuT—q{—pl­o­lms«0y | h h"€0uTg—plrvfqtlryUuTv·x\u{nf omh0yg1ub³ | e'orh"yµ`nfh+vfuTnpyq7–{uTvfy}szh0ysz«"y0¶DK h0y–tqtorh"nf y}v`nfg+«0 lrµ`nfh"y | h"y}€0uTvfys‘q{v®sh0y&yUuTv®s | uTvfvp«0h0y | q{vpy Oó•[™Q h"s!Oó•7i Qh's;yuTv®s; zq{xpx\h'or«"h0y;h0vwq{vfvfh ‚pht¶ 0LÉ9É (+*+¥-£±Ä D/ 6DÉ (ƒ¡ - E C FTS >2S - Ã Ä D/ 6DÉ (ƒ¡ / (     V!)'#  #

(90) "      #   K h0y}xf Uh0g)lre" h"y&h'‚ƒxf Uh0yUyUlmuTvfy | h0y€0uDNh M1€"lmh0v®szy | h+ h"€0uTg—plrvfqtlryUuTv yUnfžTžT«" «"yxqt }¶ p¶O l­omomh"~·yUuTv®s | « | npl­szh0y | n=xf uD€0h"yyUnfy |S¯ À¸omh"~®³ˆl | h7qtoynƒlm–tq{v®s;orh}y€‘dp«0g1q, U«7q{€'slmuTvfh"o I '. . . . . . /. .

(91) (. .

(92).  ( . .  /. . / (.

(93). .  ( . /  .

(94) . . . 

(95) . ( . . 

(96). . /   . (). . /. . @. .  @V (.  @?. (.  @. €0h}µ`npl€"uTv | npl­s‰¿)o ¯ h'‚ƒxf h"yylruTv¹ynpl­–tq{v®szhx\uTnp orh}€0uDhNM1€'lrh"v`s | h}xf UuT—q{—pl­o­lms« I  . ì. Y7Y Z\[]^"_. . . . * 

(97) + * E  + * $ / * +

(98) / . /  *  + * E  + * $ $ / . /  * +

(99) /  . $ / /. 8.

(100). %. /"! F+ #  /  * 

(101) +. / !  F + # 8  % " 

(102) /  *  +. . .

(103) •[” uJI. yuTv®somh0y€0uTvp€0h0v®s zqtsUlruTvpyh"v L  M'ª h0yUsorq)€0uTvf€"h0v®sz qtslmuTvwynf ½9q{€"lmµ`nfhlmvpl­slrqtomh | hylmsh0yomlm—f Uh0y0ª %g1q{yUyhqtszuTg)lmµ`nfh | h  L  M ¶ „@u{nf omh1xf h"g+lmh0 g+u | e'orhtª orh"y&€0u{vf€0h"v` s zqtsUlru{vfy |°¯ qtsuTg+h0yyuTv®synfxfxAuTyU«0h0y&€0uTvfys‘q{v®sh0y&yUnf }o q=ynf ˆ³ ½9q{€"h{¶À†v ynpxfx\u{yzq{v®s * $ 8 %  / F+ «0žTqtorh"g+h0v®s©€"uTvfyUszq{v®s&h's&h"vIomh,€"uTg&—ƒlrvqtv`s©q{nI½9qt€"szh"nf xf « ³ h'‚ƒxAuTvfh"v`sUlrh'oGªƒuTv˜xAh0nƒs%h"v | « | nplm homh0y»h'‚ƒxf Uh0yylru{vfyynpl­–tq{v®szh"y%xAuTnf Worh"y%€0uDNh M1€'lrh"v`sy | h;xf u{—q{—pl­oml­sz«"y | h} h"€0uTg—plmvqtlmyuTJv I ÃÅÄ 7/ 6ƒÉ ( * + L *  + M *E  + L8  M 8. "!. #. .

(104)  /

(105) .   $. . . . š. $ / . L 1M . LV M . u h"s y uTv®somh0y¨€"uTvfys‘q{v®szh"y |°¯ «"µ`nplmo­lm—f h+xAuTnf omh0y U«7q{€'slmuTvfy@ h's@ } h"yxAh0€'sl­–Th0g+h"v`s0¶DKh"y €0u{vfyUszq{v®szh0y | h`– lmsh0yUyh&yUuTv®s | uTvfvf«"h0y;yuTnpy;npvfh½Qu{ g+h | horutl |°¯ H  Udfh0vplmnfy I . . . .  / /. .   A  /. .   /.  .  . -. @ F  A  - .  @ F   / .A  @ F  / . A 

(106)   @ F . . .   . %h"yUs;o ¯ «0vfh" ž{lmh |°¯ q{€"sUlm–tqtsUlruTv | horq+ U«7q{€'slmuTv | h} h0€"uTg&—ƒlrvqblryUuTv°ª %yuTv®sorh"y«"vfh0 Už{lmh0y |°¯ qt€"sl­–tqtslmuTv | h0y U«7q{€'slmuTvfy}ª F h"yUso q)szh"g+x\«" zqtsnf ht¶ ÃÅÄ /76ƒÉ ( 1  nq{v | * +Gª *  +@vfh&yUuTv®s¨xpomnfy€0uTvfyl | «0 «"y€0uTg+g+h&€"uTvfys‘q{v®szy"ªSuTvwh0v | « | npl­s‰omh0yh'‚ƒxf Uh0yylru{vfyxpomnfy žT«"vf«0 qtorh"yyUnpl­–{qtv`sh0y I $ /  * + L1 œM  * 

(107) + 

(108)  uJI. -. L - .  M L M. .  . . $ /. ™. * +

(109)   *  + . L 1M. ÅÃ Ä /76ƒÉ ( > ¥V /?X £ ¢D0 7Ç 2 0 / ¡'5 (DÉ ,©Ä°Ä / (DÈTÄA£  0 / pÆ 0QÄ / 3 KÄ È (D¡7¡ K h¹sz Uu{lmyUlme0g+hg+u | e'orh¹ h0xAuTyUhÂynf ,orhÂxp uD€0h0yUynfy | h h0€"uTg&—ƒlrvqblryUuTv | h K q{vfžTgnplm ³ lrvpydfh'o »uƒu | ynƒlm–tq{v®sorh}yU€‘df«0g1q˜ U«7q{€'slmuTvfvfh'oynpl­–tq{v®s4I . ')(DY*',+.

(110) •T•. 

(111)      !

(112) "#%$'&.

(113) . (.  (). ¨vwh"v | « |. .

(114).  /. .  (). (. 

(115) . / . .  @?.  ( . /  .

(116) . '. /.  @. $ (.  @?. 7 ( . /   . /". 

(117) $ (  @ npl­sorh"yh'‚ƒxf h"yylruTvpy¨ynpl­–tq{v®szh"yxAuTnf omh0y;€0uDhNM1€"lmh0v®sy | h}xf UuT—q{—ƒlmo­lms«0y I   * 

(118) + $ / P $ 8 % / ! F  #    

(119)  * 

(120) +    . ().

(121). . . ( . . •[”. L M. q7–Th"€nfvphh ‚ƒxf h"yyUlmuTvÂy~Dg1«'sz lrµ`nfhx\uTnp  omh0yg0g+h"yvfuts‘qtsUlruTvpy;µ`nfh}xf U«0€"« | h"g1h"v®s7¶ ÃÅÄ 7/ 6ƒÉ ( C ¥¸¢ / £¤Ä 7/ 6DÉ ( (D:£ 390 " 0R=S¢ ( K h1g+u | e"omh1iwh"yUsnfv g+u | e"omh1¿=yl­‚ xfq{ zq{g+e'sz h"yµ`nplWyUuTv®s | «"szh" g)lmvf«0yxq{ }nfvfh+g+«"sdfu | h | h"y g+u{lmv | h"y˜€0q{  U«0y1ynf | h0y | uTvfvp«0h0y,h'‚ƒxA«0 Ulmg+h0v®s‘qborh"y0¶ '¨vNg1u{v`s h" zqIµ`nfhw€0h=g+u | e'orh=½QuTnf Uvplms | h"y «"ynpo­s‘qbszysz e"yyUlmg+l­orqtlr Uh0yq{ng+u | e'orh | h SuT—®~T¶ $  / 

(122) / ? L •T• M  

(123)  $ / 

(124) /  L •K1 ›M  

(125)  (  (+,  /¥-£±Ä D/ 6DÉ ( F FTS >2S 1 Ã Ä D/ 6DÉ ( /  kƒh %q{ | q | h"–Th'oru{xfx\«nfv¹g+u | e"omhµDnƒl@ Uh0xAuTyhynp ;orq1 Uh0€"uTg&—plmvqtlmyu{v |°¯ À†omh"~®³Žl | h7qboG¶ K ¯ h ‚pxp h0yˆ³ yUlmuTv | h0y;€0uDNh M1€'lrh"v`sy | h Uh0€"uTg&—plmvqtlmyu{v¹h0y4s I A  -. @ F  $  VE L •[ “M   E 

(126) 

(127)   A   -. @ F   . . . ". . . ì. Y7Y Z\[]^"_. . $. E   . . ?E. 

(128)  

(129)  . .  . . . .   . . . . A  -. @ F    - . @ F    A        L. •7i M.

(130) •K› uJI.  h0yUsomh½9q{€"sh0nf yUs«0 lrµ`nfhtª `µ npl h"v | €"uTg+xpszh | hxfdf«"vfuTg+e0vph0ysz Ul | lmg+h0vfylruTvpvfh"omy0ª A   F  L A  F  M'ª E   E  h"yUsomh  €"uƒh M1 €"lmh0v® s |S ¯ q | df«0 Uh0 vf €"h{ª µ`npl | uT vfvph}orq+xf uT—fq{—pl­oml­sz«}xAuTnf µ`n ¯ nfv¹qbszuTg+hlrvp€"l | h0v®s h"yUszh}yUnf o q+xq{ Uu{lGª E E  A E  A  E F  M'ª E F  LE.   , .3 / F 4  A  , .  / F 4  A   @ F  L  h0ys; omh}€0uDNh M1€"lmh0 v®s | h | «0 yUuT xƒ slmuTv=sdfh0 Ug) lrµ`nfhtª  q7–Th0€ , . L , . M»omh0y;€0u{vf€0h"v`s zqtsUlru{vfyyUnf U½9qt€"lmµDnph0y | h}yUl­szh0y"ª L  M%orh"y–`l­szh"yyh"ylmvf€"l | h"v`sh0y | h  L  M  | uTvfvp«0h0y;xq{ orq©szdf«"uT Ulmh€"lm vf«"sUlrµ`nfh | h0y;ž®q{9² I * +  / F $ 8 L *  +  / F $ 8  %   M ¶  %      .   .    . . .  .  . !. 'ª.  . . . !.  . . . @ F M. . . . . )+*. . "!. 84A. <1DE1479;M84:. #. . "!. #. <B2; AC8 R?>@B2;. Œvfh}xf Uh0g)lme0 hq{xpxf «"€"lrqtslmuTv | h€0h"yg1u | e'orh"yh0yUs;uT—ƒszh0v`nfh}h"v=€"uTg+xq{ q{v®sorh"y–{qborh"nf y | n€0uDh"½ ³ Á€'lrh"v`s | hxf UuT—q{—ƒlmo­lms« | h} h0€"uTg&—ƒlrvqblryUuTv | ho ¯ u7‚D~DžTe0vph{ª  ªh0v½QuTvf€'slmuTv | ho q©szh"g+x\«" zqtsnf ht¶ Kh"y €0u{nf —Ah0yW€0u{  h"yxAuTv | qtv`sh0y»yuTv®sW½QuTnf Uvplrh"y¼q{nƒ‚ @lmžf¶ G h"s»šp¶'v+~)€"uTvfyUszqtszh | h"y»«"€7q{ szy†sz Ue0yWyh"vfyUlm—pomh0y L | h¨o ¯ uT | h | hi®”{” #xAuTnf omh0yg+u | e"omh0yomh0yxpomnfyh'‚Ds e0g+h"y;xAuTnf | h0yszh"g+x\«" zqtsnf h"y | h)•K›{”T”b³z•[“T”T” 

(131) M'¶ . 

(132) $» ,( -."/,

(133) . . . *-,. .01   B?> <B2;=3H1DE1D365/2E79;57 <B2; QD/?:</2E14>@B2; G3H8<B. K h€"u | h U«0yUuTnps | h0y«0€"uTnpomh0g+h0v®sy¨—pl | lrg+h"vfyUlmuTvfvfh'oryynpl­–tq{v®s‰npvfh½QuT gnpo qbslmuTvwg)l ‚DszhWu{ornpg1h"y Ávplmy tÀ†om«0g+h"v`syÁvƒlry"¶ Kq)g+«"sdfu | hh"yUs;—q{yU«0h}ynp ;npvfhq{xfxf Uu[‚Dlmg1qtslmuTv | «0€"h0v®sz U«0h©qtg1u{v`s–{u{omnfg+h0y Ávplmy | h0y@sh0 Ug1h"y | h¼€0uTv®–{h0€"sUlru{v1h's-npvfhq{xpxf u7‚Dlrg1qtsUlru{v©«"om«0g+h0v®sy-Ávplmy | h"y-szh" g+h0y | h | lm¬\nfyUlmuTv°¶ '¨v «"yuTnƒsh"v·xpornpy | h0y}µ`nqtsz Uh)«0µ`nqtsUlru{vfy}€"orq{yylrµ`nfh"y | h"y«"µ`nqtslmuTvfy | h+‹q7–Dlmh0 ˆ³kDsu {h"y0ª“«0µ`nqtsUlru{vfy | «" Ul­–T«0h"yxq{ slmh"o­orh"yµDnƒl‰€"uT  Uh0yxAuTv | h0v®s=¿ orq €0u{vfyh" U–tqtslmuTv | h"y | h"vfyUl­sz«"yxq{ UsUlrh'omomh0y | h0y h"yxAe0€"h0y €0 U«0h"y L 1ª  ª  Mh"s‰omh0y›1«0µ`nqbslmuTvfy | h€0uTvpyh0 –tqtslmuTv | ho ¯ «0vfh" ž{lmh | h–`lr—f qtslmuTv | h  h's  7¶ K h˜¾nƒ‚ v`nfg+«0 Ulmµ`nfh=npsl­omlmy«h"yUs+€"h"omnpl | h˜–tq{v K h0h" )q | qtxpsz«qtnƒ‚¤ž®qt² | lmyyuD€"lm«0y OóR• Qh's)uTv¤uT—ƒslmh0v®s nfvfhxf «"€"lmyUlmuTv |°¯ uT | h¨›žT U{€0h¿o ¯ qtxfxf uD€‘dfh¹Œ¨kfº K | qtvfy»orq{µ`nfh"o­omhomh0y»–tq{ l qt—porh"y%xfd®~DyUlmµ`nfh0yyUuTv®s h'‚Ds zq{xAu{om«0h0y¿©o ¯ lmv`sh0 ½9q{€0hq7–{qtv`s |°¯ "s hlmv`s u | npl­szh"y | qtvfyorh}yutom–{h0nf "¶ „@u{nf »omh0y%sh0 Ug1h"y–`lryUµDnph0nƒ‚\ªfnfvphq{xfxf Uu7‚ƒlmg1qtslmuTvÀ¸om«0g+h0v®szy lrvplmy„•"³ qborh" ®lrv˜h0yUsynfxfxAuTyU«0h | qtvfy orq{µ`nfh"o­orh)omh0yžT q | lmh0v®szy}yUuTv®s}€7qtom€0npom«0y}xqt ¨sz Ulrq{vfžtorh©yUnpl­–{qtv`snfvph©½QuT gnpo qbslmuTv–{qt UlrqtslmuTvfvfh'omomh)€"orq{yˆ³ yUlmµ`nfh{¶ K ¯ lmv®sz«"žT zqtsUlru{v&h0vszh"g1xpy-h0ys¸€"uTv | npl­szh¼xq{ nfvfh¼g+«"sdfu | h¼lmg+xpomlm€"l­szht¶ H±€‘dq{µ`nfh%xq{y | h¼sh0g+xfy"ª uTv «"yuTnƒsomh}yU~DyUse0g+ho­lmvf«7qtlm h}lmg1xƒomlm€"l­szhuT—psh0v`nwxfq{ nfvwqtorž{uT Ul­szdfg+h | h }q{nfyyˆ³kƒh'l | h"oL¶

(134). . . ')(DY*',+.

(135) •[“. 

(136)      !

(137) "#%$'&. Ai  . # =#   L   !

(138) " R#"   ?8#%$'& P  " ! . 0.018 Will ER1 Will ER2 Will LH. 0.016. 0.014. 0.012. gammaO. 0.01. 0.008. 0.006. 0.004. 0.002. 0 0. 0.5. 1. 1.5.  G  . ì. Y7Y Z\[]^"_. . 2 1000 1/T. 2.5.    !   #   . 3. 3.5. 4.

(139) •7i. 0.018 Will Eprcl Seward Scott Zoby. 0.016. 0.014. gammaO. 0.012. 0.01. 0.008. 0.006. 0.004. 0.002. 0 0. 0.5. 1. 1.5. 2 1000 1/T. 2.5. 3. 3.5. 4. Aš     !   #          !"%\  3'. ')(DY*',+.

(140) •G. 

(141)      !

(142) "#%$'&. ?. (DÉLÉ9¢É (

(143) ÉQ D£ ( / Æ[¡ 0 / 09¡  . . ?.  V . :<3. *. . > <;7@8(:.  & .   .  .  . . (DÉLÉ9¢É (ÄAÉL¢£ (ƒ¡ 0 / 09¡.   # #   !  &  "&.  B2;=3T84:  7 57984:P;=1. . . !  # # &  "  &  ) # . G>97-AC7K5B2;. '¨v €"uTvfyUszqtszh µ`nfh |°¯ npv xAu{lrv®s | h·–DnfhIv`nfg+«" UlmµDnph{ªo q±€7qtszqto­~ƒyUhI€"uTvfylryszh ¿¤lmvf€0uT Ux\u{ h0 | h"y €0u{v | l­slmuTvfy»q{nƒ‚)o­lrg)l­szh"y»xqt Uslm€0nƒomlme0 Uh0y»¿}orqxq{ utlx\u{nf †orh"y¼«"µ`nqtslmuTvfy | h;€0uTvpyh0 –tqtslmuTv | h0y¼h0yUx\e"€0h0y"¶ '¨v zq{xpx\h'omomh | uTvp€ | q{vfy»orh"y | h0nƒ‚˜yu{nfy³´yh0€'slmuTvfyynƒlm–tq{v®szh"y0ªpomh0y½Qu{ g&nƒo qtsUlru{vfy%–tq{ UlrqtsUlruTvpvfh"o­orh"yomlm«0h"y q{nƒ‚1y~DyUsze"g+h0y |°¯ «0µ`nqbslmuTvfy |S¯ q | –Th0€'slmuTv h's | h | l­¬SnpyUlmuTv q7–Th"€‰€"uTv | l­slmuTvfy%q{nƒ‚+o­lrg)l­szh0y"¶ '¨v | «"szqtl­omomh xq{ slm€0npo­lme0 h"g+h0v®s€"h0yW€0uTv | lmsUlru{vfy | q{vfy†orh€0q{y |°¯ npvfh½QuT gnpo qbslmuTv+g+l ‚DszhÀ¸or«"g1h"v®szy lrvplmy Wu{ornpg1h"y @lmvplmy0¶ Q S 1HS - Ä.b£ ¢É p Æ 0QÄ /   0 p Æ 0QÄ /;/ (DÉLÉ ( 3†Ä\¢ ·É (ƒ¡=  =°¢ ƒ Æ 09Ä / ¡ / (NÈTÄ / (ƒÈ{

(144) Æ 09Ä /   (DÈ ÈTÄ / D/ 0JÇ. Æ 09Ä / ¡ / (  0 " 0L"È 5@É (®Æ K h0y;«0µ`nqtsUlruTvpy | h€"uTv®–Th"€"slmuTvÂh ‚ƒxf Ulmg+«0h0yyuTnpyorq)½QuT g+h I

(145).   ! #"%$ & ! $ !=. ')(+*-,/.0(21435*7698+3;: <  #  ')(+*->?,. xAh0nƒ–Th0v®sy ¯ h'‚ƒxf lrg+h0 ‰¿©o ¯ qtl | h | ho q©½QuT Ug&nporqtslmuTv–tq{ UlrqtslmuTvfvph"o­orh}ynƒlm–tq{v®szh9I EFE   G!  H  &IHI"KJ E !L= H  M  <?> $ N > <?>. @7ACB0D. h"y+sh0 Ug1h"y,€"uTv®–Th"€"sl­½Qy˜«'s‘q{v®s+sz qtl­sz«0y+xqt 1npvfhg1«'szdfu | h9Wu{omnfg+h0y @lmvplry"ª†uTvNxf h"v | xAuTnf orq ½QuTvf€'slmuTv¹€0q{ zqt€"sz«" UlmyUsUlrµ`nfh   | horq,€"h"o­ornpomh Wutornfg+h"y@lmvplmy‰q{yUyuD€"lm«0h&q{nwxAu{lmv®s  L @lmžf¶ V M ªOµDnƒl–tq{nƒs •©yUnf ‰orq˜€0h'omomnpomh©h"s}”,xq{ UsuTnps¨qtlmo­omh0nf Uy0¶ K ¯ lrv®s«0žT qtorh&ynf B yUh© « | npl­s}qtomuT y¨¿˜nfvfhlrv®sz«"žT zqborh©yUnf ‰orq €0h'omomnpom

(146) h Wutornfg+h"y@lmvplmy ,  ¶ K. ì. Y7Y Z\[]^"_.

(147) •[š ¢ É pÆ 0QÄ /  "0 ƒÆ 09Ä /D/ (DÉ9É ( 3†Ä\¢ ©É (D¡¨ =°¢ ƒÆ 09Ä / ¡ / ( /;0 ¼¢¡<09Ä /   (DÈ+ÈTÄ / /D0QÆ

(148) 09Ä / ¡ / ( (D¢@£  /D/ „-q{ €"uTg+g1u | l­sz«tªuTv–{q) Uh | «"g1u{v`s h" µ`n ¯ nfv=yU~DyUse0g+h |°¯ «0µ`nqbslmuTvfy | h | l­¬Snfylru{vwh ‚pxp Ulmg1«yu{nfy orq)½Qu{ g+h I :  :  yUnf  uTnp–{h0 s | h @  L •[šM  :  :  %  y p n S  ; <?> €0u{v | npl­s¿)orq)½QuT gnpo qbslmuTv–{qt Ulrqtslm uTvfvfh'omomh  I :.    : % = S x\uTnp suTnpsh¨½QuTvf€"sUlru{v ¹| qtvfy  L • V M    <?>   > À†vh"¬\h"s7ªSh0vg&nƒomsUlrxpo­lrq{v®so q˜xp h0g)lme0 Uh)«0µ`nqtsUlruTv | nyU~DyUse0g+h L •[š Mxq{ h"sh"vyuTg+g1q{v®syUnf omh | uTg1qtlrvph ¨ªu{vwuT—ƒslmh0v®4s I L •[ * :  : . œM. +  >      º%uTg+g+h I :  : . :  : 

(149) :   :      o ¯ «"µDnfqtslmuTv L •[œ M%y ¯ «"€0 lm4s I :  :  

(150) L •[ ™M.  :   :  >  >      À†vNq{xfxpo­lrµ`nqtv`s+omh˜szdp«0uT Ue0g+h | h } Uh0h"vƒ9³ '¨yUs uTž{ zq | y-®~ L > :  :   <?> :  ;=: <?>  SM M©¿¹orq xf Uh0g)lre" h}lrv®s«0žT qtorh | h L •[1™ M%h"s;h0v=szh0vfq{v®s€"uTg+xpszh | h}o q | h"nƒ‚Dlre"g+h©«0µ`nqtsUlru{v | h L •7š M'ªfu{vwuT—ƒslmh0v®s —plmh0vo q)½QuT Ug&nporqtslmuTv L • V M'¶ '¨v y ¯ lmv`s«0 Uh0yyUh}g,qblrv®szh"vq{v®s¿o ¯ lrv®sz«"žT zqborh | h¨—\u{ | <?> %  S ¶p¦¨qtvfy%omh‰€7qtyµ`npl°vfu{nfy%€"uTvf€0h" vfhtª y ¯ q{ž{lmyyq{v®s | h=sh0 g+h"y | l­¬\nfyUl­½Qy0ª†orq·½QuTvp€"slmuTv h0ys˜€"h"ssh½Qu{lry)orq·½Qu{vf€"sUlruTvN€7qt zq{€'sz«0 lryslmµ`nfh | horq €0h'omomnpomh À¶ %¶   L ½Qu{vf€"sUlruTv ! X  & o­lrvf«0qtlm h·–{qbo q{v®sI• qtn €"h0v®sz U7h  | h·o q±€0h'omomnpomh h"s¹”±ynf orh"y yh"žTg+h0v®szyv ¯ q[~Tq{v®s;xq{y W€0uTg+g+hyUuTg+g+h"s L –{u{lr @lmžf¶ L œ M M M'¶ ¦¨q{vfy;€0h"y€0uTv | lmsUlruTvpy0ª %   %  L ›{ ”M G?. <?> % = S         kƒnf €"h0y | h"nƒ‚}yh"žTg+h0v®szy"ª   xAh0npsy ¯ h ‚pxp Ulmg1h" @€"uTg+g+h¼npvfh¸½QuTvf€'slmuTvomlmvf«7qblr Uh | h¸o ¯ q{—fyU€"lmyyh»€0nf –`lmo­lrž{vfh wh'sh"yUs;«0žTqtorh} Uh0yxAh0€'sl­–Th"g1h"v®s}¿ I    CH    

(151)  yUnf ?      

(152)  ynf      Š´oyh"g&—pomh&€"uTdf«0 Uh0v®sq7–{h0€orq1½Qu{ g&nƒo qtsUlru{v¹À¸om«0g+h0v®szy@lrvƒlry | h€0uTvfyl | «0 h" | hg 0g+h %˜omlmvf«7qblr Uhxqt g+uT €"h7q{nD‚ I  

(153) %  ynp  %=    %=   

(154) %  ynp      Q S 1HS 1. Ä.b£. . . . . . .

(155)

(156). . . .

(157). . #. . .  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    . . .  . . . .  . .  . . . .  . . . . "!. . . #. $. . . #  $. $. $. . %. %. &$ '.  &$. & $'. &$. . ')(DY*',+.

(158) •V. 

(159)      !

(160) "#%$'&. ψ. 1. i Fonction caractéristique de la cellule Elément Finis centrée en i. j3. j2. i. 0. j1. j4. Frontière de la cellule et du domaine Cellule Eléments Finis. °œ        !  & " !

(161) #!.   .  . # # &"  &  ) #  <"=%#". º%h}µ`npl | uTvfvfh}xAuTnf –tqtomh0nf | ho ¯ lmv®sz«"žT zqtomh L {› ”1M I. .     # R#%$'&. .    . %  . .   % .

(162)  %     V

(163).

(164) .   % . %.     . . †À v,½9qtl­s7ª®orq€"uTg+xqtsUlr—pl­o­lms«‰h0v®s horq½QuT gnpo qbslmuTv À¸om«0g+h0v®szy @lrvƒlry¼h"s¼o q}½QuT gnporqtslmuTv Wutornfg+h"y @lmvplmy ynp &nfvfh,€0h'omomnpomh | h˜—AuT | lrg+xAuTyh | h˜xp h0v | h npvfh q{xpxf u7‚Dlrg1qtsUlru{v xpomnfy&žT UuTyylre" h | h,o ¯ lmv®sz«0ž{ zqtomh L ›t ” M'ª`µ`npl\€0uTvfylryszh¿€0uTvpyUl | «0 Uh0 %orq½QuTvp€"slmuTv %+€0uTvfys‘q{v®sh‰ynp »omh0yyUh0žTg+h0v®sy ?@h's  «0ž®qborh‰¿

(165) %  yq –tqtomh0nf qtnx\u{lmv®Bs ¶°¦‰«"szqtlmo­omuTvfy02¶ 'vxAh0nƒs}g1u{v`s h" ¨µ`nfh©orh"y | h0nD‚½QuT Ug&nporqtslmuTvfyyUuTv®s}€0uTg+xqbslm—porh"y yUl L h"s;yh"npomh0g+h0v®s¨y&l M I :    4 : :    4 %˜ynf orq1xfq{ u{lLª ; <?>    . .

(166)    .  .

(167)

(168). 4:. . . :   F.

(169).

(170). . %     S  <?> .

Références

Documents relatifs

Mais elle y occupait une place modeste : il faudra la liberté et le goût de la transgression du roman en langue vulgaire pour que la situation soit renversée :

Les thèmes majeurs (tab.5.4) abordés par les îliens interrogés sont, pour la grande majorité, les mêmes sur toutes les îles : ils concernent les usages anciens

Chez l’Homme, les segments de gène V H ont été classés en sept familles (la famille 7 n’est pas représentée ici car aucun segment fonctionnel n’y a été décrit) qui ont

Le Négus consacra une énergie considérable en vue de gagner cet appui international, mais, malgré la force de son discours prononcé en juin 1936 devant ses pairs à la tribune de la

In this paper, we propose a novel approach based on the barycentric coordinates of automatically tracked 2D facial landmarks from videos to objectively evaluate the facial

Dirk Obbink (dir.), Doctrine and Doxography. Studies on Heraclitus and Pythagoras, Berlin / Boston, De Gruyter, 2013, p.. et le logos auquel les hommes devraient accorder

Les exorcismes ne sont pas publics, les sœurs noires elles-mêmes sont tenues le plus possible à l’écart, et c’est chaque fois Jeanne qui force les choses pour que, finalement,

Toute- fois, d’autres marqueurs des cellules POMC tels que NeuroD1 n’ont pas été induits dans cette expérience, ce qui indique que Tpit suffit in vivo pour provoquer la