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DRT et imparfait : un exemple de traitement formel du temps

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(1)DRT et imparfait : un exemple de traitement formel du temps Jacques Jayez. To cite this version: Jacques Jayez. DRT et imparfait : un exemple de traitement formel du temps. Moeschler, J.;. Le Temps des événements, Kimé, pp.123-154, 1998. �halshs-00157227�. HAL Id: halshs-00157227 https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00157227 Submitted on 28 Jun 2007. HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers.. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés..

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