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The ecotron as a surrogate for reality. Too good to be true? (invited talk)

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Academic year: 2021

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The ecotron as controlled surrogate for reality.

Too good to be true?

Sarah Garré*, Bernard Longdoz, Vincent Leemans

Liège University, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, TERRA

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How can we preserve

ecosystems and the services

they deliver?

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SCALE GAP

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SCALE GAP

8.5 cm

Intertwined

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SCALE GAP

8.5 cm

Intertwined

processes

MODELS?

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SCALE GAP

8.5 cm

Intertwined

processes

ECOTRON?

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Downscaling Upscaling

MODELS

+

Calibration Model improvement Experimental design

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« An ECOTRON is a facility where ecosystems are

confined

in experimental chambers, allowing the simultaneous

control

of environmental conditions

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ECOTRON

a tool to quantify the effect of current and future climate on our reality

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Controlled atmosphere

CO2, O3, T, RH, Rainfall

Net flux of CO2, H2O, sensible heat(near future)

Full light spectrum

intensity of max 1200 μmole photons/m²/s

Rainfall intensity

min 0,2 l/min; max 7 l/min

Wind: 0,1 et 0,3 m/s 2m² x 1.5m Plant: Winter wheat Technical itinerary: 180 kgN/ha, 3 fractions

Reconstructed soil(at present):

2 horizons, 3m³, cutanic Luvisol (colluvic)

Soil T and h controlled

Sensors:

T, WC, h, soil solution, total weight

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Possibility to reach tipping points (resilience limits) by increasing a constraint

High number of

controlled variables Measurement of

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Experiment 0

Field 2015

ICOS labelled site, Lonzée BE Ecotron 2015 Meteorological conditions 2015 Ecotron 2091 +2°C +50% CO2+300 PPM

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Experiment 0

Field 2015

ICOS labelled site, Lonzée BE Ecotron 2015 Meteorological conditions 2015 Ecotron 2091 +2°C +50% CO2+300 PPM

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Experiment 0

Field 2015

ICOS labelled site, Lonzée BE Ecotron 2015 Meteorological conditions 2015 Ecotron 2091 +2°C +50% CO2+300 PPM

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0.1 Ecotron = surrogate reality?

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Experiment 0.1

Possible bottlenecks

• Reproduction of wind and resulting turbulence • Thermal infra-red inputs from walls >< clear sky

• Light intensity is limited to 1200 μmole photons.m-2.s-1

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No wind

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No radiative sky cooling

DAY

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Intensity solar radiation

Max ecotron

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Quantify impact of these

bottlenecks with adapted models

STICS | crop

PASIM | pasture

Coupled with ASPECT (atmosphere flux model) Impact soil structure:

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Experiment 0

Field 2015

ICOS labelled site, Lonzée BE Ecotron 2015 Meteorological conditions 2015 Ecotron 2091 +2°C +50% CO2+300 PPM

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0.2 How does the

average future climate differ from an average current climate?

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Experiment 0

Field 2015

ICOS labelled site, Lonzée BE Ecotron 2015 Meteorological conditions 2015 Ecotron 2091 +2°C +50% CO2+300 PPM

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#3

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Experiment 0

.2

Ecotron 2015 Meteorological conditions 2015 Ecotron 2091 +2°C +50% CO2+300 PPM

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Test ability of crop models to predict crop growth under current and future climate

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Want to use the ecotron or its data?

www.terra.uliege.be Pr. Bernard LONGDOZ Bernard.longdoz@uliege.be Vincent LEEMANS Vincent.Leemans@uliege.be

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Thanks to the whole team preparing

the first TERRA ecotron experiment

Vincent Leemans Cathérine Ghymers Bernard Longdoz Bernard Heinesch Pierre Delaplace Benjamin Dumont JT Cornélis Gilles Colinet Sebastien Massart Bernard Bodson Julien Fouché Aurore Degré François Verheggen ….

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