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Heterogeneous directions of orthotropy in three-dimensional structures: finite element description based on diffusion equations

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Academic year: 2021

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Figure 1. Sagittal sections of the femur showing the gray level (a) and the concentrations of u 3 (b) and u 10 (d), and boundary  con-ditions for the diffusion problem providing the unit longitudinal vector ∇ u 10 (c).
Figure 2. Numerical unit vectors i 1 (left), i 2 (center), and i 3 (right). Anterior view of the femur (top), and posterior view of the upper femur (bottom).
Table 1. Estimated error for the available cortical specimens (h c
Figure 3. Comparison between the numerical longitudinal vector i 1 (red arrows) and the measured vector P 1 (green arrows) for specimens S 1 , S 2 , S 4 , S 5 , S 10 , and S 11 on the anterior region of the femur and of S 15 to S 18 on the posterior region

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