Job Characteristics and the Form of Compensation
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(2) CIRANO Le CIRANO est une corporation privée à but non lucratif constituée en vertu de la Loi des compagnies du Québec. Le financement de son infrastructure et de ses activités de recherche provient des cotisations de ses organisations-membres, d=une subvention d=infrastructure du ministère de l=Industrie, du Commerce, de la Science et de la Technologie, de même que des subventions et mandats obtenus par ses équipes de recherche. La Série Scientifique est la réalisation d=une des missions que s=est données le CIRANO, soit de développer l=analyse scientifique des organisations et des comportements stratégiques. CIRANO is a private non-profit organization incorporated under the Québec Companies Act. Its infrastructure and research activities are funded through fees paid by member organizations, an infrastructure grant from the Ministère de l=Industrie, du Commerce, de la Science et de la Technologie, and grants and research mandates obtained by its research teams. The Scientific Series fulfils one of the missions of CIRANO: to develop the scientific analysis of organizations and strategic behaviour. Les organisations-partenaires / The Partner Organizations $École des Hautes Études Commerciales $École Polytechnique $McGill University $Université de Montréal $Université du Québec à Montréal $Université Laval $MEQ $MICST $Avenor $Banque Nationale du Canada $Bell Québec $Caisse de dépôt et placement du Québec $Fédération des caisses populaires Desjardins de Montréal et de l=Ouest-du-Québec $Hydro-Québec $Industrie Canada $Microcell Labs inc. $Raymond, Chabot, Martin, Paré $Scetauroute $Société d=électrolyse et de chimie Alcan Ltée $Téléglobe Canada $Ville de Montréal Ce document est publié dans l=intention de rendre accessibles les résultats préliminaires de la recherche effectuée au CIRANO, afin de susciter des échanges et des suggestions. Les idées et les opinions émises sont sous l=unique responsabilité des auteurs, et ne représentent pas nécessairement les positions du CIRANO ou de ses partenaires. This paper presents preliminary research carried out at CIRANO and aims to encourage discussion and comment. The observations and viewpoints expressed are the sole responsibility of the authors. They do not necessarily represent positions of CIRANO or its partners.. ISSN 1198-8177.
(3) Job Characteristics and the Form of Compensation* W. Bentley MacLeodH, Daniel ParentI Résumé / Abstract Cet article cherche à organiser de façon systématique le choix des différentes méthodes de rémunération selon les caractéristiques observables des emplois. Par après, nous examinons de façon empirique les facteurs influençant le choix de ces méthodes en utilisant l=information concernant les caractéristiques des emplois contenue dans le Quality of Employment Survey, le National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, le Panel Study of Income Dynamics et le Current Population Survey. La principale conclusion est qu=il n=existe aucun modèle de la relation d=emploi qui puisse expliquer de façon satisfaisante la variation observée dans les méthodes de compensation.Les résultats plus spécifiques sont les suivants : a) le nombre de tâches semble être associé à l=emploi de contrats incomplets; b) la rémunération à la pièce va de paire avec la parcimonie des tâches de même qu=avec l=autonomie accrue du travailleur; c) un marché du travail local « serré » tend à être associé avec l=utilisation de bonis et de promotions plutôt que des salaires d=efficience. In this paper we introduce a way to systematically organize the choice between different forms of compensation based upon observable job characteristics. Secondly, we explore the determinants of compensation based upon questionnaire responses concerning job characteristics and methods of pay contained in the Quality of Employment Survey (QES), the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY), the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID), and the Current Population Survey. The main conclusion is that there is no single model of the employment relationship that can explain the variation in compensation form. We draw upon both agency and incomplete contract models to study the interplay between job characteristics and compensation. Specific results include a) the number of tasks seems to be associated with the use of incomplete contracts; b) Piece rate jobs tend to be associated with more worker autonomy and fewer tasks performed than hourly paid jobs; c) tight labor market conditions tend to be associated with the use of bonuses and promotions instead of efficiency wages.. *. Corresponding Author: Daniel Parent, CIRANO, 2020 University Street, 25th floor, Montréal, Qc, Canada H3A 2A5 Tel: (514) 985-4027 Fax: (514) 985-4000 e-mail: parentd@cirano.umontreal.ca Special thanks to David Card, Janet Currie, and Hank Farber for helpful comments and suggestions. We also thank participants at Berkeley, UCLA, USC, the Princeton Labor Lunch, and the Chicago 1998 Econometric Society meetings. Bentley MacLeod's research is supported by National Science Foundation, Grant SBR-9709333, while Daniel Parent's research is supported by Québec's FCAR.. †. University of Southern California. ‡. Université de Sherbrooke, CRDE and CIRANO.
(4) Mots Clés :. Caractéristiques des emplois, méthodes de rémunération, contrats incomplets, modèles d'agence. Keywords :. Job characteristics, methods of pay, incomplete contracts, agency models.
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(6) !#"%$&"' (*)+( !-, /.0 1 243/56 87&"-(9.-, 7:"' ;"'.- <"%.-9.=,>) (9.- ?45!-@5 !#"A ,>7&3>$6B;,>7&CD, 83 E!=(9.- F"A6G657H$6"I&(+ 5A6!=9J&.%"'K6(9!=,>7C6A!= 9.=,>57 (97&B1B L(+ 8B 3/ M 7&"=( .=,>57N OP7Q(5BB;,>.-, 7R.= .-K& 8"- D /S; ,L3/,>.!= ?T(9!#BU F3#K&(97,L"-"8AVJS; 8B K $!= W5!D? @X W?T(9C5 8"<$6"'$&( > Y!- FZ5$&,>!= .-K U?45!-@5 !.=QM !-2[ !=\K,L"* ! K !]B;$;.=,> F"^"=( .=, "'2_( 3/.-5!-, > ` !%2_( 3 B;,L"-,L"="-( aN]bTK $!=6H"' 92 .-K&, "^&( 6 8!%,L" .- != )X, B c(971 )5 !=)H, ?d92.-K& B;,>eM 8!- 87H.f2[ !=<"g92h3 M 7&"=( .=,>57`5G&"- !=) 8B ,>7i.=K j%klA(97&BW.=m /S; != "- 1 SX& ( 7&( .=,>57&"2[ !<.=K,L"<) (9!=, (9.-, 7YG&( "- 8B $657Q.=K 1, 75.= !=L(+ :GM /.0? 87on05GY3#K6(9!#( 3p.= !=, "'.-,L3"(97&BQ.-K& `, 7&3, B; 87&3/ 2^( &(9!-.-,L3/$L(9!2[5!-q92^3 M 7&"=( .=,>57Nsr%(9.=(R3/57&3/ 8!-7&,>7C*n0 Gt3#K&( !=(53p.= !=, "'.-,L3" (97&B /.-K&XB&"9266(+ u, "VG&(5"' FBE$M 7ZH$ 8"'.-, 776(9, !- !- F"'M 76"' F"v, 7c.=K %w%$&( >,>.0 92 X 87H.Ik;$!-)5 :xyw^4k&zT(97&B*.-K& c{f(9.-, 7&( | 7&C ,>.-$&B;, 7&( }kX$!=) 8 D92 ~ $;.=K*x_{%|}kH~uzpN+: 4(9L"-I$&"- .-K& 4 (97& HkX.-$&B; u 2OP7&3/5 hrf X7&( , 38"4xa4kXO0r]z (97&BU.-K& `4$!=!- 875.E5$L( .-, 7mkX$!=) 8 Qxykz^GX o !=C , 7C`.-K& 8"- J&> F"u?g,>.-K .-K c(+)5 !#(9C5 ^3#K&( !=(53p.= !=, "'.-,L3"GX D;33$&(9.-, 713(9.- C5 !=,> F"T3/ $.- 8B`?g,>.-K.=K w^4k*B( .#(N ,>)5 7.-K& c3/5&> SX,>.0 (97&B) (9!=, /.0 D 23/ M 7&"=( .=,>57 "' ;"'.- 8"8A.=K != E,L" 7E"', 7C5> .-K& != /.=, 38(9;;B; .-K&(9.h3(97 SX& ( ,>7(9 ;.-K& g)+( !-,L( .=,>57, 7.-K IB&( .=(&N I( .=K !FA $&! F"0.=,><(9.-, 7W"'.-!#( .= C5 :,L"G&( "- 8BQ$M 7W3 G,>7&,>7CU.-K& *, 7&"-,>C5K5.#" 2[!-5(u7X$G6 8!92l.=K 5!- .-,L3(9&;B; 8 "8N rf!#(+?g, 7Cu$M 7<GM9.-K*(9C 87&3/ c.-K 8 != x_gH"-"Ex' 8X 5z4(976B`f <"0.=!-5x0 FH Hz'z(976BD.=K u ,.= !#( .-$&!- ]G&(5"' FBD$M 7`.=K ,>7&3 /.= %3/57H.-!#( 3p.4;B; 8Vx !-H"-"-<(97<(976B f( !'.%x' 85 5z/A5$ Vx' 85H9z(97&B ( 38| ;B:(97&BR ( 3 <"- 7Wx' 85 5z-zI? <;B; 5G&"' 8!-)5 8BU3/ M 7&"=( .=,>57:(5" (1K, !#(9!#3#K, ( h3#K5, 3 <!-;3 8"="].-K&(9.M !=,.#"c$&"E.- F"0.=,><(9.- <.=K D, &( 3/.92 n0 Gt3#K&(9!#( 3/.- 8!-,L"0.=, 38"E$M 7i, 7&3/,LB; 87&3/ 92](:&(9!-.-,L3/$L(9!<3 7H.-!#( 3/.2[5!-$6"', 7C (1"' FZ5$& 7&3 <92gG, 7&(9!= U3#K5, 3 <XB L"N`jf"-,>7C .-K,L"c( !=5( 3#KU?4 J67&B:.-K&(9. ( 7X m92I.=K !- FB;,L3p.-, 76"c 2I.-K ;B; L"(9!= *3 7&"-, "'.- 87H.?g,>.-KY $!!= 8"-$.#" ) !.=K ]2[ $!IB&( .=("- /.#"N U 4J&7&Bc.-K&(9..-K T"'5 vn05G3#K&( !=(53p.= !=, "'.-,L3"}( el 83p.V.-K& , @ , KXXBc92&&,> F3/ !=(9.- %3 7H.-!#( 3/.="4B;,el != 7H.=> 2[!= GM 7X$&"&(+ !T3/ ,L"-"-,>57D3/57H.-!#( 3p.#"NbTK,L" "'$C5C F"0.#".-K&(9.g.-K F"' ]2[5!-<"T92 3/56 87&"-(9.-, 7<(+ K&(+)5 ]B,el != 7H.I 83 75, 3 !-5> F"A ( 7&B(9!= T79.h"-,> B;,el != 7H.7&( 8"2[5!(u"', ,>L(9! $76B; !=> X, 7Cu&(+ u2[5! 6 8!'2[5!-<(9763/ != L( .-, 76"'K, N}OP7u&(9!-.-,L3/$L(9!v5!- 3 /Sn0 G&"}(9!= ( "="';3, (9.- 8B ?g,.=KQ, 7&3/5&> .- 3/ M 7&"=( .=,>573/575.=!=(53p.#"c(976Bm> F"-"$&"- D 2f, 83/ *!=(9.- F"A ( !- F"'$>..-K&(9.,L"<3/57&"-, "'.- 875.?g,>.-KW.-K 8( !- , !?45!-@R92]!- ?g7x' 85 5z/NQbTK,L" ,>7H.- 8!-&!- .=( .=,>57J&76B"2[$!'.=K !<"-$M !-.<?g,.=KQ.=K DJ67&B;, 7C:.-K&(9., 7&3!- F( "- 8"E, 7 .-K `>;38(9h$&7 X 87H.!#( .- *B; 83!- F( "- 8"].=K D ,>@5 ,>K&H;BR.=K&( .(J&!=$&"' F" G657H$6"<&(+ AT(:!= 8B;,L3p.=,>57Y 2%.=K 1, 7&3/5&> .- 3/57H.-!#( 3p.#"XB cxa ( 38| ;B (97&B ( 3 <"'57Ux' 8 X9z-zpN bTK != ], "I(L(9!=C ^>,>.- 8!=(9.-$!= ^.-K&(9.I /S; != 8".=K u,>&(53p.I 2V3/56 87&"-(9.-, 7 7:?45!-@5 !%"- 83/.-, 7:(97&BUG6 8K&(+)X,>5!8N !] S;( > 763(+) 8x' 8X 9z/AkX , > 8! .
(7) x0 859Xzu(97&Bm!= ?g7tx0 85 Hz^J&7&BR.=K&( ., 83/ D!=(9.- un05G&"E.= 7&Bm.-o6(+ oK, C K 8! ?( C 8"8N},L"'K& 1x0 F H;A 85 Hz}"-K ?I"V.=K&( .h?T(9C5 T> 8) L" (976B.-K g.=K!= 8( . 2lB, "' ,L"="-( K&(+) (`6H"',>.-, ) /el 83/.E 7:?45!-@5 !^!=XB$&3p.=,>)X,>.0 N<V,>7&( > A.-K <L(9!=C >,>.- 8!=(9.-$!= T 7 /S; 83$;.-, ) I3 M 7&"=( .=,>57A9, 7&3/ $&B;, 7CEI7H.=> I( 7&B<kX,.=K x0 85 HzpA 87&"' 87 (97&B< $!-&KH x0 F 55zpA ,>G&G657&"4( 7&B<1$!=KX x0 8555z(97&B<(97X 9.=K; !#"AFJ&7&Bu.-K&(9.}.=K != h,L"v(%"0.=!-57CI!= L( .-, 76"'K, uGM /.0? 7c&(+ ^( 7&BuM !-2[ !=<(97&3 N OP7D.=K, "&( 6 8!T?4 %G6 8C , 7D.=K f.#( "-@<92.#(9@X, 7C(G!=5( B !h)X, ?s 2.-K& ]B,el != 7H. 6H"-"-,>G&> D2[ !="c92%3 M 7&"=( .=,>57A (97&B(5"'@:K ?? D3( 7QB;,L"-3!-, ,>76( .- *G6 .0?4 8 7*.-K EB;,>el != 7H.fB; /.= !=,>7&( 7H.="T92&(+ .=K&( .IK&(+)5 %GM 871B;, "=3/$6"-"- 8B`, 7D.=K >,>.- 8!=(9.-$!= N OP7o"' F3p.=,>57o<? EG6 8C , 7 ?g,>.-KU(DB; 8"=3/!=,>.-, 7192 .=K B( .#( "' .="8NI: GM C5,>7 ?g,.=K*.=K w%$&( >,>.0 2V X 7H.fkX$!=) Uxyw^4k&z]x0 8X 9= FH ]&(97 8Lz/AX.-K&(9. 3/ 7H.#(9, 7&"c? !=@ 8!E!= 8"-657&"' F"c3 7&3 !=7,>7&C G6 .-Kon0 GQ3#K&( !=(53p.= !=, "'.-,L3"E( 7&BR.=K 2[ !=9243 M 7&"=( .=,>57NbTK 8!- ? J67&BU(*C != 8(9.]B 8(9 24) (9!=, (9.-, 7 , 7:G6 .-K 3/ M 7&"=( .=,>57`2[ !="f(97&Bn0 G 3#K6(9!#( 3p.= !=, "'.-,L3"8Nb} 3#K 83#@*$657.-K c!-5G$&"'.' 7 8"="V92&.=K !- F"'$>.="V? ( "-^$&"' 4.-K& T{%( .=,>57&(9;|57C ,>.-$6B;,>76(9;kX$!=) u 2~ $.-K x_{f|VkH~]z/A;.-K& E (97 8kX.-$&B; D92}OP763/ ur% H76(9, 38"ux_kXO0r^z( 7&B .=K EH(97X$&(9!= 8H54$&!-!= 7H.I $& (9.-, 7`k;$!-)5 ox4kz/N9.-K`.=K w^4k*(97&B`{f|VkH~ B(9.=( "' .="3 7H.=( ,>7ZH$ 8"'.-, 7&" ( G65$;. .-K& I?45!-@u 87X)H, != 7 7H.(976Bc.=K T2[ != 2M3 6 87&"-(9.-, 7N OP7*.-K& ]38( "- % 2v.=K w^4klAH.=K 8H5u"-$!=) <K6( "TZH$ 8"'.-, 7&"g( G65$;. G6 .-K<.=K g2[ !=92l.-K ^3/575.=!=(53p.h( 7&B^n0 G 3#K&( !=(53p.= !=, "'.-,L3"?gK, I,>7 .-K f38( "- I92 .-K c{%|}kH~A&.=K gn05G ( .'.=!-, G$;.= cZH$ 8"'.-, 76"I(9!= E( "-@ FB*, 7 B;,>eM 8!- 87H.f F(9!#"2[!-5 .-K u&(+ D .-K;BZH$ 8"'.-, 76"N bv`3/, !=3$c)5 7H.f.=K, "%L( .'.= !uB;,>¡ 3/$>.0 Al? 38(9L3/$L( .= EC != $U(+) !#(9C5 8"uxy9 X383/$6( .-, 7 38( .= C 5!-, 8"#z492.-K& gn0 G 3#K&( !=(53p.= !=, "'.-,L3"g( 7&B !=C ].-K& 8"- EC != $ (+) !#(9C5 8"h.-.-K& E3/ !=!= 8"-657&B;, 7C3 "T, 7`.-K u 5 8( !="?gK 8!- ]? EB;K&(+) ]ZH$ 8"' .-, 7&"g( G65$;.g&(+ /.=K;B"N OP7*.-K& E3( "- ^92v.=K u4kXO0r (97&BD.-K cklA;?4 ]$&"- ( "', ,>L(9!c 8!-C5 !-yGX HP3/ !=X3 8B;$&!- <$&"-, 7C.-K DC != $m(+) 8!=( C F"^3 $;.= 8B ?g,.=K.-K w^kDB&( .=(&N , ) 87*.=K EC5!-5$;> 8) l7&(9.-$!= u92V.-K& 8"- E) (9!=, ( G> F"A;? (9!= ]38(9!= /2[$l.=.=(9@5 ^.-K&(9.I,>7H.-<(533/5$7H.g,>7`.-K& u 8"'.-, (9.-, 7`!=X3 8B;$&!- F"N OP7U"- 83p.=,>57U*924.-K &(9M !]? $6"' .-K .=K 5!- .=*K 8>:$&"^ !=C5( 7, ¢ u.=K (97&( > ;"-, "g 2 .-K B( .#(N%£%7 E 2.-K B;,¡ 3$.=,> F"f?g,>.-K .-K c3 7H.-!#( 3/.I>,>.- 8!=(9.-$!= , "%.-K6( .^.-K 8!- , "^7`( 33 ;.= 8B1;B; 8V 243/57H.-!#( 3p.f2[ !=(9.-, 71.=K&( .],L"%( !=9 !-,L( .= T2[ !( >&"-,>.-$&(9.-, 7&"8NVf( .-K& ! 8(53#K;B; 8;.- 87&B" .=]K,>C5K ,>C5K5.h(uB,el != 7H. "' .4922_(53p.= !#" .-K6( .( !- f,>M !-.=(97H.42[ !.=K ]B; /.= !=, 7&(9.-, 7<92v3 M 7&"=( .=,>57N U <B; F(9?g,.=Ko.=K,L"%&!-5G> 8¤GX 1 !=C5(97&,>¢8,>7C .-K ;B; L"^,>7H.-`?gK&(9.^? 38(9 (c3/56 87&"-(9.-, 7 K&,> 8!=( !=3#KX NbTK,L"4"'.-!=$&3/.-$!= f,L"h$6"' FB<.- !=C5( 7,>¢8 I $&!4!= C5!- F"0 "', 7&"I,>7H.- (<"- !=, 8"T92 ZH$&(9 ,>.=( .=,>)5 u3#K ,L3/ u;B; L"T.=K&( .%38(97`K 1$&"g,LB; 875.=,2[ .-K ,>&(53p.^92hB;,>eM 8!- 87H.hn0 GU3#K&(9!#( 3/.- !=,L"0.=, 38"T2[ !^ 8(53#K192 .-K& 3/56 87&"-(9.-, 7 .-!#( B; y el"T? u3/ 76"',LB; !FN 5Gc3#K&(9!#( 3/.- 8!-,L"0.=, 38"v( !- 4.-K 8<"' 8>)5 8"V&(9!-.-,L(9 ^ 87&B;5C 7& $&"8NV£%$!, &>,L3/,>. , B; 87H.-,>J63(9.-, 7:KH XM9.=K 8"-, "^,L"%.-K&(9.n05G:3#K6(9!#( 3p.= !=, "'.-,L3"8Al>, @ 3( ,>.=(9,L"^JS; 8B .
(8) ,>7.-K& T"-K5!'.!-$&7A ?gK, T3 M 7&"=( .=,>57cM , 3,> F" (9!= h¥& S;,>G NI 87&3/ I( >;3 6 87&"-(9.-, 7<M , 3,> F"h( !- I3#KH"' 87 3/57&B;,>.-, 7<$M 7]n05GD3#K&(9!#( 3/.- 8!-,L"0.=, 38"NVkX )5 !#(9 2_( 3p.= !#"4( !- ^ ,>@5 .-( el 83p.g(fn0 G*3#K6(9!#( 3p.= !=, "'.-,L39AHG$;.I(5"4, 7*f <"0.=!-5¦(97&B 1,> C != 1x' 8 Hz/A .-K I.-K 8 != c!= 8B;,L3p.#" .=K&( . G&"- !=) FBc) (9!=,L( .-, 76" ,>7]n05G 3#K&(9!- ( 3p.= !=, "'.-,L3"]!= 8"-$>.E,>7R5G&"' 8!-) ( G> ) (9!=,L( .-, 76"],>7m3/56 87&"-(9.-, 7:65>,L3/ 5N O.c,L" .-K,L"g /el 83/.g.-K&(9.I?4 u(9.'.- 8;.I.-,LB; 7H.=,2[ *,>7`.-K&, "g6(9M !FN OP7`"- 83/.-, 7`? ]B;, "=3/$6"-"T5$!g 8"'.-, <( .-, 7`"0.=!=(9.- 8C <, 7B /.=( ,>yN ,>)5 7*.-K&(9. "' 8> F3p.-, 7<( 7&B,>7&3 7H.-, ) g eM F3p.#"(9!= g(9L"'], M !-.=( 7H. 2[ !h3 6 87&"=( .-, 72[ !=A ?4 $&"- 1(:"- !=, 8"92%.- F3#K7,LZ5$& 8".-m3 7H.-!= 2[ !<$&7 G&"- !=) FBK .- 8!-5C 7& ,>.0 N bTK D 7C5,.=$&B;, 7&(97&(9.-$!= 92g.=K *B&( .=(o6 8!-,>.="$&"c.-U3 7H.-!= 2[ !,>7&B,>)X,LBX $&(9V3#K&(9!#( 3/.- !=,L"0.=, 38"A;(976B?4 E( "-<3/ 7H.=!-52[ !I, 7&B;$6"0.=!- 5A.- 87X$!- 5A /S;M !=,> 87&3/ 5A (97&BY.=K U"-,>¢8 92u.=K J6!-N§: J&7&Bt.-K&(9. .-K U!- 865!'.= 8B:n05Gs3#K&(9!#( 3/.- !=,L"0 .-,L3"K&(+) `"', C 7&,J638(97H. eM F3p.#"57W(9. 8(5"0. 7 `92I.=K `&(9, !="92^3/ 7H.=!=(53p.-$6(9 3#K ,L3/ 5NoOP7Q(5BB;,>.-, 7m.= J&7&B,>7Co.-K&(9.%n05GQ3#K&( !=(53p.- 8!-,L"'.-,L3"uK&(+)5 D(97Q,>&(53p. $657.-K c.-!#( B; y eoGM /.0? 7 ( 7 /S; , 3,.^&(+ 2[5!I6 8!'2[5!-<( 7&3/ E"- ;"0.= ¨(97&B JS; 8B`?( C F"A;? E(9L"'J&76BD.=K&( .%7 7;P3/57H.-!#( 3p.=,>G&> ^!- 8?( !=B*"' ;"'.- 8"f"'$&3#K1( !- G657H$6"' F"u( el 83p.c(1"-, C 7,>J63( 7H.]7X$G6 8!E92?45!-@5 !#"N<15!- 8 ) 8!%? J&7&BU.-K&(9. .-K %!-5G&(9G&,> ,.0 92$6"', 7C(EG657H$6",L"hM5"-,.=,>)5 !- 8 (9.- 8B.=c(cB 83/!= 8(5"' g, 7<.=K >;3( 6$&7 X 87H.h!=(9.- 5AH(c!- F"'$>..=K&( .T, "43/57&"',L"'.- 7H.?g,.=K<.-K ^, 7&3/5&> .- 3/ 7H.=!=(53p.gXB yN I>.-K5$C K]? 3/ 7H.=!-5+2[ !$7& G&"- !=) FBf, 7&B;, )X, B;$6(9 K& /.- 8!-5C 87 ,>.0 A6©'?g,>.-K, 7; ,>7&B,>)X,LB;$&(9Lª` /.-K&XB&"uB;*7&9.E3/575.=!-5V2[ !];33/$&&( .=,>57&(9<( .#3#K,>7&C&NbTK& != / 2[ != A8.-f( > ?o2[5!.-K& hM5"="', G, >,>.0 I.=K&( .vM 5 ?gKIGM 7CT.=g.-K& 4"=(9 C != $ !E;33$&(9.-, 73(9.- 8C != o"- >2«"- 83/.E,>7H.=o( 3/ 8!'.#(9, 7RX383/$6( .-, 7RGM 838(9$&"- 92 3/ &( !=(9.-, ) u F3/ 7& , 3]5!g.=(5"0.= c( B)+( 7H.=(9C5 8"8A? c(9&> ( "- ,&( !=( .-!=, 3 "' 8> F3p.-, 73/5!-!= 83/.-, 7D.- 83#K&7, ZH$ ]!= 83 7H.- <!= M5"- 8B*,>7*.-K u ,>.- !#( .=$!= %57D.=K !- .-$!=7t.-W 8B;$63( .=,>57r^(9Kx0 F H z'z/N¬I>.-K& $C5Kt.-K 8!- U, "* )X,LB; 763/ o 2c"' > F3p.-, 7vAv? J67&BU.-K&(9.c3/ !=!= 83p.=,>7&C 2[ !E"- >2«P"' 8> F3p.-, 7RB;X 8"]7&9.E"'$&G&"0.#(97H.-,L(9 ( el 83p.E5$!]G&( "-,L3!= 8"-$>.="], 7:.- !=<"]924.-K <, &( 3/.E92h.=K ]n0 Gm(9.'.-!=, G$;.- F"] 7 .-K u, 7&3/,LB; 87&3/ u 2V&(+ < .-K;B"8N $!-.-K 8!-5!- 5AF? 4( "-f"-K ?R.-K6( .v.=K !- F"'$>.="V(9!= h!= G&$&"0.v.-^X383/$6( .-, 76(9 3/L( "="',>J63(9.-, 7 !=!= !#"4GX ` ,>.-K 8!%B;, != 83p.=> (9&> X, 7C.-K& u.- F3#K7,LZ5$& cB; )5 M 8B ,>7 xa]!-$ 8C 8!(97&BukX$ !#"x' 8 55z-z62[ !;B; L" F"0.=,><( .= 8B^, 7]J&!="'.vB;,>eM 8!- 87&3/ F" !EGX U(5B(9.-, 7C,.E.=.-K D 8"'.-, (9.-, 7R, 7m> 8) L"8NDV,>7&( > A(1f( $&"-( 7o.= 8"'. , "^$&"- 8B .-*"- ,>2.-K G, 7&(9!= 13#K ,L3/ F"%( !- c,>7&B 8Bo,>76B; M 7&B 7H.8NEO.],L"I2[5$7&B .-K&(9.4? %3( 77 .h!- 'n0 83/.h.-K& fKX X6 .-K F"',L" .=K&( ..-K ^"' FZH$ 7&3 I92G&,>7&( !- 3#K5, 3 8" $;.=>, 7 8B ,>7D.-K f.-K 8 != ,L"h, 7<2_(53p.( != !=,L( .- 5N}bTK fJ&7&( M"- 83/.-, 7 3/57&3/ $&B; F" ?g,.=K(^"'$&<( !- ]92&.-K !- F"'$&.#"A9( 7&BcB;,L"=3/$&"="', 7926"- 492&.=K ,> , 38( .=,>57&" 92V.-K E( 7&(9 ;"',L"N. .
(9) ® ¶T·'¸. ¯°±³²µ´^´ ¹Uºf»½¼Q¾f¿À-ÁPÂ9æÄhÅDÆ1ÇÈ%À0Ä}ÃIÇ»vÉ4ÂWÊg¾IË;Ì4»ÃÍ<¸vÎ4ÏÐ}Ñ;¸vÎ4ÏÏ·. bTK Uw%$&(9 ,>.0 92u X 87H.*kX$!=) 5Af FH U$&"- 8" (R76( .-, 76(9g!= G&( G, >,>.0 "-( &> u 2VM !#"'57&"u F 5 8( !="T5 B` !g5 B !g?gK ( !- u? !=@X,>7C2[ !^9 !I5!- K $!#" (%?4 8 @lNVbTK&!- 8 "-$&3#K"' 8&(9!#( .= "-$!=) ;"V? != 3 7&B;$63p.- FBÒ , 7` F 5 # 8H9 x[?gK 87`,>.I?T( "7&(9 FB .=K ckX$!=) 8 <92}: !=@X,>7&C<457&B;,>.-, 7&"#zpA, 7: 8H9c( 7&BD, 7 8H5XN]bTK c6(97 8V)5 !#"', 71$6"' FB , 7 .-K&, "^&( 6 8!^3 7&"-, "'.="%92(9 v.=K5"- ( 7C .-K ` XÓ Ó, 7&B;, )H,LB;$&( "%, 75.= !=)X,> 8?4 FB1,>7Q 8H +' ?gK*?4 8!- E!= /, 75.= !=)X,> 8?4 FB*, 7 8H5XNvbTK& g,>7;2[5!-<(9.-, 73/ 83p.= 8B3/ 875.= !#"V 7( 7X cB;, 87&"-,>57&"926.-K g? !=@ 7X)X,>!= 7 875.?g,>.-K(g)X,> 8?U.= ?( !=B&" /S;L(9, 7, 7CT.-K B; C5!- 8 92+n0 G"-(9.-,L"02_(53p.-, 7 92.-K <!= 8"-657&B; 875.#"](97&BR(9L"-D.=`G&$,>LB*n0 GmZH$&(9 ,>.0 ,>76B;, 3 8"8N*£f24&( !'.=, 3$L(9! ,>7H.- 8!- F"0.^.-`$&"^,L"^(`"- !=,> F"f 24"' 82«!= M !-.- 8B F( "-$!= 8"% 7o<( 7H n05GU3#K&( !=(53p .- !=,L"0.=, 38"A"-$&3#K*(5".-K ] )5 l923/!= 8( .=,>)X,>.0 <!- FZH$,>!= 8BDGX < 7 5Ô "}n0 GvA;.-K uB; 8C != .-c?gK&, 3#K<.=K ^!- F"'M 7&B 7H.8Ô "n05G , "4!= M /.-,>.-, ) 5AH.-K %> 8) M92v"-@X,> L"h!= 8ZH$, !- FBGX .-K Tn05GA /.#39N15!- ]&( !'.=, 3$L(9!=> 5AH? ]<(9@ ]$&"- ]92V.-K ]2[5> ?g, 7C<Z5$& 8"'.-, 7&"8Ò N©=~Õ;£^QITw^jIO0Ikbgf btOru£dbgfYk;f WbgIO0{ k*£IÖ%h %{fr¬£IÖ%4Iªx[) (9!=, ( G ^76(9 ÒMn0 G,L"T!- 86 .-,>.-, ) +zpN ;N©-O 4bWbf£dru£{fjfo4£^or%O0V4Ih{%bibgIO0{ k*£^{t~ ;£^Tª*x_)+( !-,L(9G&> ]7&( 5Ò ) (9!=,> .0 <92V.-K, 7C5".= B;Hz/N N©-O%f}Ö%×|£^b£^dkV~ØfI£^jfb sf bf%hh4{%kR£^{~ ;£^Tª<x[) (9!=, ( G g7&(9 ÒV? !=@ ! K6( "h(E> .h92"=(+ (9GM $.h?gK&( .K&(9&6 87&" 57*K 8!pÙ K,L"Vn0 G6z/N &N©-O%r^hbghf1O0{f×bgf½khh4r b sfO-O^t£^Iuª:x[) ( !-,L(9G 7&( Ò;? !=@ !g"- /.#"T ?g7*&(53/ +zpN Ó;N©=~QX£^UIw^jfO0I4k%bgf b:Ouh4*|}h%I{IO0{ {%³bgIO0{ k;ª x_)+( !-,L(9G&> ]7&( 5ÒMn0 G<(9@ F"T?45!-@5 !> F(9!=7*7& ?s.=K, 7C5"#zpN N©=~¤kjfh4Ö%O'k&£^¦O'kWk;j^gkk;jf|ÕO0{ hbgbTO0{ hT£^h|v bf£§t£^I¬bf£ hbg%hIª`x[) (9!=,L(9G ]7&(9 Ò.=8 ( c? !=@;z/N I7&"-?4 8!=" ( !- g"=3( > FB, 7.-K I2[ > ?g, 7C]?(+ E2[ ! .=K TJ&!#"0. J&)5 IZH$ 8"'.-, 7&"8Òh 5Ò k;bgI£^{ |H~r%O'k; I4IÚ;ÒMrfO'k; fhIÚ6&Òg I4IÚMÓÒIk;bgI£^{ |H~ IhfNU <K&(+)5 != /P3/;B; FB1.=K < (5"0.].0?6H"-"-,>G&,> ,.=,> F"^.-R <(97&Bo.-K& J&!="'. .0?4c.-¢ !=&NbTK ]"-38(9 ,>7&CE92.=K ](97&"-?4 8!=".-.-K ]ZH$ 8"'.-, 7*(9GM $;..- F(9c? !=@ , "8Ò Ò {]£^b b¦f|}|bgTjffÚÒ Û|vO0bgbg|v½bgTj%IÚÒDk&£^ hsf b bgj%IÚ5&ÒVÖ%h}~×bgj%INHIC5( ,>7vA9.-K&, "4) (9!=, ( G> g,L"3/;B; 8B<(5"hu,>2l.-K ^(97&"-? ! , "c E !% (97&B`.= u,2 .=K c( 7&"'? !f, "%< !I6N b}$!=7, 7C<7 ?Õ.-<.=K E /.=K;B192 &(+ A5$7;2[ !-.-$&7&( .= c? gK&(+) .-K6( .h, 7;2[ !=<( .=,>5757 E2[ !.-K E FH5g, 7H.- !=)X,> 8?uN .
(10) U @H7& ?Õ?gK& /.-K& !^6 8 ( !- E6(9,LB1"-( ( !-, 8"8A&K5$!=> `!=(9.- F"A6,> F3/ !=(9.- 8"8AM ! 3/ ,L"-"-,>57&"8N k;$( !- *"0.#( .-,L"'.-,L3"g(9!= ]!- 865!'.= 8B*,>71bV(9G N bTK ( 7&"-?4 8!=".-%.-K Vn0 G3#K&(9!#( 3/.- 8!-,L"0.=, 3hZ5$& 8"'.-, 7&"(9!= h$6"' FBE, 7E.-K& 42[5> ?T ,>7C`2_(5"'K, 7vNEU J&!#"'.^$&"- .-K 8B;, !- F3p.- o(5"% S; ( 7&( .= != *) ( !-,L(9G 8"^, 7U5$! 8"'.-, (9.-, 7&"8NI ? )5 !FA;( "T /S;L(9, 7 FB*, 7 != ^B; .=( ,>GM ?uA? ]K&(+) ^.-GM ?45!-!=,> FBu(9GM $;.V 7&B C 87 ,>.0 ](97&B6Ù !} F( "-$!= 7H.v 8!-!= !&!-5G> 8<"v?gK 87E$&"' ,>7C.-K& 8"- %) (9!=,L(9G 8"8NVbTKX$&"8AX?4 ^(9L"'3/5&$;.- %.-K ](+) 8!=( C g!= 8"-657&"- fM !X3/ 3/$&(9.-, 73(9.- C5 != <xa9]"-$&3#K3 "#zv2[ ! GM9.=K.=K ] 8X f( 7&B* 8H5T, 7H.- !=)X,> 8?I"NÝÜ U u.=K 7$&"- ].-K& 8"- E(+) !#(9C5 8"4G6 .-K (5"T,>7&"'.-!=$ 7H.#"T2[ !g.=K u, 7&B;, )H,LB;$&( ) 8 (97&"-?4 8!="4(97&B*B;, !- F3p.- <( "4!- 8C != 8"="'5!="8NvV, C $!= c %,> >$6"0.=!=(9.- 8"4K ?t!= 8"-657&"- 8"h.- n0 Gm3#K&(9!#( 3/.- 8!-,L"0.=, 38"f) ( !- 1GX .0 XM 92g3/ M 7&"=( .=,>57NOP7UJ6C $!= ;A? K&(+) (+) !#(9C5 8B%n0 G*3#K&(9!#( 3/.- !=,L"0.=, 38" GX ;33$&(9.-, 7AH?gK,L3#KDB; 83 8(5"' F" .-K& %) (9!=,L( .-, 7 ,>7Y!- F"'M 76"' F"3 &(9!= 8B.-:J&C5$!- U Ah.-K5$C KQ.-K 8!- ,L""'.-, I(9!=+S;,><(9.- 8B 8HÞ¤) (9!=, (9.-, 7:,>7R!= 8"-657&"' !#( .= 8"^2[!= K&,>C5K 8"'.u.-1 ?4 F"0.]2[5!E3#K&(9!#( 3/.- !=,L"0 .-,L3"< S;3 ;.©#kX /.*£%?g7t ( 3 8ª&NYbV(9G o9¨"-K ?I".-K& (+) !#(9C5 D 2%.=K n0 G 3#K&(9!#( 3/.- !=,L"0.=, 38"GX ;33$&( .=,>57D(976B*bV(9G ] Õ"'K ?I"h.-K& ]"-K&( !- %92} F( 3#K*&(+ .-K;B`GX D;33$&(9.-, 7N ¶T·a¶. ß¿VÂÁ0Ä4ÉI¿ ÀiàEÄhÉfáhÁP¾fâ%Á'Éf¿À×ÊT¾IËÌh»ÃãÄÅÕäoÄh¾gºæåH¸vÎhçç}Ñ ¸vÎÎ èTé. bTK {f(9.-, 7&( I| 7&C ,>.-$&B;, 7&( fkX$!=) m 2%~5$;.-KtB(9.=(R"- /. "'$&!-)5 FBs +;A $&7Cm<(9 8" ( 7&BW2[ <(9 8"D?gKm?4 8!- 1GM /.0? 87Y.-K o( C 1 2 8m(97&Bs `, 7 8H9NOP7i 85 Ah 8 5A( 7&BY 8 5A!= 8"-657&B; 875.#"]?4 8!- <(5"'@5 8BU?gK /.=K !c( >h ! &(9!-.u92.-K 8,>!E F(9!=7, 7C5"^? != G&(5"' FB: 7*n0 GR6 8!'2[5!-<( 7&3/ 5NbTK& ? != <(9L"' ( "-@ 8B(^2[ ?tZH$ F"0.=,>57&" 7.-K& , !h? !=@E 7X)X,>!= 7& 87H.8N}& !, 7&"'.=( 7&3/ 5A ? g@H7& ? ,2T.-K& <!- F"'M 7&B 7H.="]? != <"'$M !=)X, "-, 7C19.=K !u 8&> 5 8"u( 7&B:?gK /.=K !E.-K 8 K&( Bi!= 83 , ) 8BY(R!= 9.=,>57t"', 7&3/ .=K L( "'.D, 75.= !=)X,> 8?uNdjI72[ !-.-$7&(9.- 8> 5AT(5" , "^.=K 38( "- c2[5!^.-K Dw^4kA6? B*7 .u@H7& ?×.-K != 83, "- B ( !^( 5$7H.="^92 ,>7&3 7H.-, ) T&(+ u!= 83 , ) FBEGX E? !=@ !#"7& ! B;]?4 T@X7 ?m.=K T!= M !-.-, 7c 2&.=K , ! 8(9!=7, 7C5"?gK,L3#K, "gB$ ].-<&(+ Hy2[ !-yM !-2[ !=<(97&3 N bTK uZ5$& 8"'.-, 76 8!'.#(9, 7, 7C.-&(+ Ha2[5!'M !-2[ !=( 7&3/ %, ".=K ]2[ ?g,>7C6Ò ©-bgfêh%I{IO0{ kÕ£^{k&£^ ê;£^TkfI¨T%khrf|}|£^O0{ fb¬£^{^£Ië¬4hfk6£^{ h4IV£^fok1bgfdX£^xaff{%rÛffr r^z/N;£^{tbgfO'kDfIrdfIWk&£^ mì^f 4|vk£^:h%I{IO0{ kbgf b fIRT%k;4rs£^{W;£^mh4IV£^Iof{^fNF4|v4%k;Ubgh|v|` UO0 f{I~ £^Dbgfohff{IO0{ kE£^{:~E£^jfm;£^x_%IÙ shIzlT%k;4rY£^{mf{I~ íPîï+ðcñVòó ô0õpö÷yø#ùúö+ûfüIø#öý ügõpþað]ÿ Fð'û_÷yùúõpöFû%õp ö aõ *ø=÷a÷aþyù F÷yð0û%ùúö` ø Fù ÷yùúõpö`÷aõ÷aï+ð õpöFð' û +ûy
(11) ð uùúö^÷aï+ùú û ø 9ð0þ Vö+ðhô0þyù ÷að'þaùúõp ö >õpþVûy
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(13) ð Eùú ö õ#÷aïu÷yïF ð ! "%ø#ö # !gùúö÷að0%þ $8ùú&ð } û hîvïFùúû ø úõ vûV÷a õ Fûyð ügõpþaðõ +ûað''þ $pø=÷aùúõpö+û÷yõgô0õp( ü F÷að÷aï+) ð pþyõ ^ ø $/ð0þ ø pð0 û Ó.
(14) £^bg%4k;b~]hks£^g£^ohh{^k; bTO-£^{EN4h|v4%k;Ør]£µ{^£^b¨O0{I |vjfr^hI£^VO0bÛkffIO0{ £^¨h 4|V£g~^hk;bf£u4jfIf^k; h|v%{%klN N O0TWI bgklN ;Nhg£^ 1O'kk;O-£^{%klN N I£^{fj%k4k:x_T%khr¬£^{×;£^sh4IV£^Iof{^zpN &Nk;bf£u£^4bTO-£^{%klN Ó;N bTO04klN Nh£^bgf4uN ª bTK u? != ( "-%(5"'@5 8Bu?gK& /.-K& !.-K& uK&(5Bc!= 83 , ) 8Bc(f!= .-, 7c57E.=K , ! 3/$!=!- 87H.pÙ+H"0.!- F3/ 7H.}n0 G*"-, 7&3/ %.-K ^L( "'., 7H.- !=)X,> 8?uN}: u"'K& $LB<7 .- %.-K&(9.,>. , "479.46H"-"-,>G&> g.=u.- 8>l(u!=, !=,?gK /.=K !4.-K& IG657X$&"' F"!= /2[ 8!.-(9 $7H.#"&( , B ( .I.=K cB;,L"-3!- .-, 792.=K E 8!I?gK 87.-K EL( .-.- 8!%"-$G;n0 83/.-, ) 8> `3/ 76"',LB; !#" .-K&(9.<.-K 1M !-2[ !=<(97&3 * 2%.=K 1 8 *,L"<? !-.-KX m92](:38( "-KW!= ?T(9!#BA4 ! ?gK /.=K !f.-K 8 * != D!= &!- F"' 875.I( 79.=K !g2[5!-Û92 , 83 u!=(9.- N4OP7.-K c (9.'.- 8! 3( "- A&.-K 8 uC /.#"f(<!= ?T(9!#B*2[ !^( 3#K, )X, 7C< !^"'$!=&(5"-"-,>7&C "'5 c@H, 7&B 92VZH$&( 7H.-,>.=( .=,>)5 ^.=(9!=C .?gK&, 3#K13( 7*GM ] G;n0 F3p.=,>)5 DB; /.= !=,>7 FBN4£%$!T!= 8"-$.#" G6 8> ?"-$C5C 8"'..-K&(9.GM 7X$&"- 8"T(9!= I2[$&7&B(9 875.#(9 > *B;,el != 7H.2[!-5, 83/ ]!#( .= 8" ( "E(`2[5!-µ92g3/ M 7&"=( .=,>57N`k; "'$&<( !- o"'.=(9.-,L"0.=, 38"E(9!= <!= 8"- 7H.- FBo, 7 .=(9G&> < 5N U !- F"0.=!-,L3p.I.=K "=(9 E.= , 7&B;, )H,LB;$&( "%?gK*?4 8!- E, 71.=K cL(9GM !%( !-@5 /. 7m(`2[$ y.-, <G&( "-, "8NDbTK <M 5 <?gK1?4 8!- <3 7&"-, B != 8B:( "] .-, 7C.-K&(9. 3/!=,.= !=,>571?4 8!- Dx_,LzI.-K&5"- c?gKH"' E&!-, <(9!= `(53p.-, )X,.0 `?T( "I 8,.=K !^? !=@H, 7C2[$ > .-, 5Af57(m.= 65!=( !- YL(+ 59eÕ !*>X @X, 7CQ(53p.-, ) 8> W2[ !(1n05GAcx_,>,«z<.=K5"- ?gK K&(5B?45!-@5 8B( .f 8(5"0.%K&(9>2 .-K c 8( !f"-,>7&3 u.-K& cL( "'.f,>7H.= !=)H, ?§( 7&B?gK ?4 8!- ^?45!-@X, 7C( .g> F( "'.g cK& $!#"T6 8!g?4 8 @lNOP7&B;, )X, B;$6(9L"T /S3/ $&B; FB 2[!= .=K "-( &> D( !- .=K5"- ?gKoK&(+) <GM 87,>7R.=K D, >,>.=( !- :( .( 7X o.=,> AV.=K *"- >2« 8BQ(97&B( >T$&G>,L3`"' F3p.-5!c 8&> 5 8"8NRbTK 8"- D!= 8"'.-!=, 3/.-, 7&" 8(+) D$&" ?g,.=K( 7$7XG&(9L(97&3 8B`"-( > ] 2VA 8HÓE5G&"- !=)+(9.-, 7&"]xaA 9XE? !=@ !#"#zpN 4 7&3 !=7,>7&C%"- (5"'M 83/.=" 2.-K g? !=@] 7X)X,>!= 7& 87H.8A9(9>.-K& $C5Kc7]ZH$ 8"' .-, 7&"gM !-.=( ,>7&,>7C.=.=K E3#K&( !=(53p.- 8!-,L"'.-,L3"92}.-K Tn05G&"g? != ](5"'@5 8B*B;$!=,>7C.=K 8 5 # 85 `6 8!-, ;BA"-$&3#KQZH$ 8"'.-, 76"c? != D( "-@ FBm, 7s 8X ( 7&Bt 855NU15!- "'M 83,J638(9 > lÒ ©'sYt£^j%|vr½|vO0uibf£§u{^£I sf bÕ]O0{fr£^Y£^h£^bgj%{IO bTO04kRbgIO'kX£^£^V4fkU~u£^jcNxa}O0%k;bfÙ {%ì%bIzc^£I j^¨£^ £^bgjf{fO0b~§ru£^4kDbgIO'k*X£^ OPÖ^~E£^jx_I4fr bg £^}~uz 1O0{IO0 j%Û%U£^jf{%b]A9{^£^bbf£u£t j^cA9WU£^r^hf bgU%U£^jf{%b]A w^jIO0bgi§|V£^b]A6£^ק fìfO0 j% %U£^jf{%+ b *#,ú bg £^IO04.k N bf£§ru£½§{%jf T4§£^QbgIO0{ kRx_ÖV%gO0hb~uzpN ;N r%4f|RtO0bg§4£^h|}IN Nv£^UO0{%r%4h4{fr^h{fb:bg^£^j fb£^RfbTO-£^{tx_gj%bf£^{^£^~uzpN &N gO0h{%r^k;fO04klN .
(15) Ó;N¤bf£³ru£³³;£^I£^ T O0{%{IO0{ bf£h{fr xahI£^TØO0 {fkk;%v~Òbgf bO'klAbgfsf%{^ibf£×ru£§bg%Qs]£^|vYX£^gz xyg£^ 4|vhbgYbV%k;Ez/N ª I7&"-?4 8!="V(9!= !- F3/;B; 8BE.-u%,2M!- F"'M 7&B 7H.="(976"'? !V ,>.-K 8!]©-i1O0{IO0ojf fU£^j%{fbgªA©-{]£^b¤bf£u£µ j^%ªA !Q©=U£^r^hf bgØf:£^jf{fbgª&A ?gK,> .=K ( !- D!- F3/;B; 8B:.=Q *,2I!= 8"-657&B; 875.#"c( 7&"'? != 8BR 8,.=K ! 7& 92g.=K (5"0.g.0?M5"="-,>G, ,.=,> F"N !^ 8(53#Ko57 29*;33$&( .=,>57o3/ 8>L"8A?4 3/5&$;.- .-K& (+)5 !#(9C5 u92.=K (97&"-?4 8!="^, 7mG6 .-K:.-K& 1 8H9*( 7&BU.-K 1 F H*"-$!=) 8 X"8NU .=K 7m 8!-C5 .=K 8"- (+) !#(9C5 8"^.=o 8(53#K3/5!-!= 8"-657&B;, 7C1;33$&( .=,>57Q3(9.- 8C != 2[5!E.=K U F 5 # 8 5 6 8!-, ;BNgbTK, "8A& 23/ $&!="- A,L"I( 3!-$6B; u?(+ *92!=+SX X, 7C.-K B;,>eM 8!- 875.^B;,> 87; "', 7&"%92 .=K In05G&"8AMG&$;.^? u.=K,>7&@.-K&(9.%,>.^,L"f7&9.f.=XD$7!= 8(5"'57&(9G&> ].= .-K&,>7@ .-K&(9.En0 G&"D?gK,L3#Ki( !- 1, 7i.-K& o"-( 1X383/$6( .-, 7t3 %"-K&(9!= 1"'5 3 7 3#K&(9!#( 3/.- !=,L"0.=, 38"N<bTK <) (9!=,L( .-, 7:, 7RB&( .=(`,L"u, > $&"'.-!#( .- FB:,>7:J&C5$!- <&N b}( G> F" 9§(976Bo ×&!- )X,LB; c != B; /.#(9, > FBo"-$( !- "'.=(9.-,L"0.=, 38"^6 8!'.#(9, 7,>7&CD.=D.=K (+) !#(9C5 h3#K&( !=(53p.- 8!-,L"'.-,L3"}GH c&(+ E /.=K;B" (97&BGX E;33$&( .=,>57A (5"}? ( "}.=K 6 8!=3 7H.=( C ^92}? !=@ 8!="hG6 8,>7&C6(9,LBD 8,.=K !T2[5!- 2V3/57H.-!#( 3p.TGX <;33/$&&( .=,>57N |X @X, 7Cm( . .=K 8"- .=( G> F"Ag(:2[ 8?ê 8,>!=,L3(9f!- 8C $L(9!=,.=,> F""' 8 .= 8!-C5 N }, !#"0.FA( "c"-$C5C 8"'.- FB:GH :J&C5$!= 8"co(97&Bm&AV,>."- 8<"E.=K&( .X383/$6( .-, 76"].-K&(9. !- FZ5$&,>!= g.-K& f? !=@ !#"V.-6 8!'2[5!-!= L( .-, ) 8> 2[ ? !h.=(5"'@;"h( !- %( "="';3/,L( .= 8B?g,>.-K ,> F3/ !=(9.- c6(+ `"=3#K F"I, 7&"0.= 8(5B192h"'.-!#(9, C KH.%"=(9L(9!=,> F"N]£%71.-K 9.=K !^K&(976BA n0 G&"g?g,>.-K1(K, C K 8!IB; C5!- 8 ]92V( $;.-57 D"- ¦.-2_(+) 5!g"-( ( !-, 8"4 ) 8! .-K 8! 2[ !="%926(+ ` .-K;B"8N%: 38(97o"- ,>7Ub}( G> d.-K6( .%56 8!=(9.-, ) F"f(9!= u.=K X383/$6( .-, 7W3( .= C5 != .-K6( .!- 8>, 8"c.-K *5"'. 7Q,> F3/ `!=(9.- F"N:..=K *"=(9 .-, 5A&(9$.- 7& c *(97&B*) (9!=,> .0 92V.=(5"'@;"T,L"g( 8"="T, M !-.=( 7H.g2[ 8( .=$!= ^ 2}.=K 8"- .0 HM 8"I92&n05GA&(5"g"' 8 7`,>7`.=( G c9^N {I9.= g.-K6( .h.=K f ;3( &$7 8> X 7H.!=(9.- f3 7H.=( ,>7 FB,>7.=K %{%|}kH~x_(5",L" .-K 3( "- E?g,>.-Ko.-K 4kXO0r]zg,L"g.=K F( "-$!- FB( .f.=K c )5 V92.-K& 3/5$7H.0 Nfb} 2[$!'.=K !g, 7X) F"0.=,>CH( .- %.-K& u,>&(53p.g92 ( G65!T( !-@5 /..-, C KH.-7& 8"="T 7`&(+ A;? u(9L"' ( @ u$&"- E 2}.=K E, 7&B;$&"'.-!= Hy )5 $7& H 875.%!=(9.- A6( "I3 $;.= 8BGX .=K 4$&!- F(9$`92V|}(9GM !fkH.#( .=, "'.-,L3"8N ¶T·aÐ. ¹Uºf»0/¿ ÉI»vÀʾfâgà ¸vÎÎg¸é. ÄhÅ21HÉ43lÄhÇ»05iÃIÉf¿ÇÁ376. åH¸vÎhç8Ñ. bTK *"=(9 *3 7&"-, "'.="92I?gK&,.= D<(9 DK F( B"92IK& $&"- K5 B&"c(9C5 8Bi F1.-:9 ?g,.=KdM5"-,.=,>)5 o F(9!=7,>7&C5"<2[5!D.=K R6 8!-, ;Bs"-&(977&,>7CQ.-K R 5 8(9!#" F 9# 8 & N 9 OP7&B;, )H,LB;$&( ", 7D.=K ^$G , 3]"- 83/.- !T(976B ?gK?45!-@5 8B< 8"="4.-K&( 7`Ó95EK5$!#"4( !- /S3/ $&B; FB2[!-5 .=K f(976(9 X"-,L"NVbTK, "h> F(+) F" $&" ?g,>.-K FA 5f5G&"' 8!-) (9.-, 7&"8Nv: ð <ó ;>=@? +ø=÷ø<õpöï+õ Fþy û lõpþ p
(16) ð A +þaùú ö ý/ð'ø#þ%÷ ? ø#4 û
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(18) ð <ø=÷ ÷aï+ðMý/ð'ø#þ;D÷ E@ lùúö/÷yð0%þ $8ùú&ð ;îï +ûFlðø#ôP÷ ø ý FûyGð +ø=÷øvô' õ $/ð0þyùú ö }ùúö÷að0%þ $8ùú
(19) ð ý/ð-ø#þaHû I J KD L .
(20) @H7& ?s?gK /.=K !T F( 3#K ? !=@ 8!h,L"46(9,LBD(E&,> F3/ ]!=(9.- 5AH(3/5,L"-"-, 7A;(97*K $&!- !=(9.- !](*"=(9L(9!= mx«.-K& "'.-!=$&3/.-$!= 2.-K& ZH$ F"0.=,>57oM !-.=( ,>7, 7C*.-` /.-K&XBU92 &(+ ,L"g) 8!- "-,>, ( !T.-.-K& u 7 ], 7*.=K w^4k&zpN £%7 c, 7H.- != 8"'.-, 7CD2[ 8( .=$!= 2 .-K 4kXO0r¬2[5!f.=K 8 9# 85 ^6 8!-, ;B ,L"I.=K 2_( 3p.c.-K&(9.c?4 ( !- <( G> .- B; .- !=,>7& ?gK /.=K !(?45!-@5 !]!- F3/ 8,>)5 8BR(G657X$&" ) !.-K& `L( "'.< F(9!FNmOP7Q.=K 14kXO0r¤ZH$ F"0.=,>577&(9, != A? !=@ 8!="(9!= `(5"'@5 8BR.=K (9 $7H.E 24 7 8 .=K U!- F3/ , ) FB12[!= µ ,>.-K 8!u?45!-@X, 7C* )5 !-.-, A5!]2[!-5 3/ ,L"-"-,>57&"8A !2[!-5¬GM 7X$&"- 8" 6(9,LBGH .-K& I 8!8N ,>)5 7.-K6( .h? !=@ 8!=" !- 865!'..-K 8,>!T7X$G6 8!4 2} ) 8!'.=,> IK& $!#"h? !=@ FB ( "4? l(5"4.-K ^K $&!- !=(9.- 2[ !h )5 !-.-, A ? f( !- f( G g.-c3 $;.= %( 7< 8"'.-, (9.- %92l.-K ^(9 $&75.#"&( , B, 7 G657H$6"' F"N15!- ^!= 83, "- AX.=K u6 8!=3 7H.=( C ]92V?45!-@5 !#"h?gK&!= 83 , ) u(G657X$&" ?gK, 3#K:,L"]!- 865!'.= 8B , 7U.=(9G&> , "u38(9L3/$L( .= 8BoGH UB;!-5, 7C(9 V? !=@ 8!="%&( , B 3/ ,L"-"-,>57&"I( 7&BGX `B;!= &,>7&CD(9 v5G&"' 8!-) (9.-, 7&"T?g,>.-Ko( 7 CH( .-, ) u F"0.=,><(9.- xa9 H z M9NuV,>C5$!- *, >$&"'.-!#( .= 8"f.-K B;,L"0.=!-, G$;.=,>57o 2G657H$6"' F"^(5"%(D6 8!=3 7H.=( C 92V.-9.#(9L(9GM !f,>7&3 N4f"g? E3( 7"- 5A;.-K& EB;, "'.-!=, G$;.-, 71,L"gK F(+)X,> D"-@ ? 8B ?g,.=KR.-K <) ( "'.E<( n05!-,>.0 92TGM 7X$&"- 8"]!= != 8"- 7H.-, 7C 8"="].-K&( 7i 8`6 8!=3 7H.E92 8(9!=7, 7C5"8N bTKH$6"f? EK&(+)5 cZH$,.= C5XXB F( "-$!- F"f3 7&3 !=7,>7&C<.-K c2[ !=¨92h3/56 87; "-(9.-, 71, 7.-K,L"f"=(9 NgI ? )5 !I(<"- !=,>5$&"IB; J63/, 763/ `92.-K 4kXO0r½2[ !f5$! $!=6H"' F"4,L"4.-K&(9.g?4 ]B;79.TK&(+)5 %, 7;2[ !=<( .=,>57D3/57&3/ 8!-7, 7C%n0 G`3#K&(9!#( 3/.- !=,L"0 .-,L3"8N: <B; 8( ?g,.=Ko.=K, "]&!-5G> 8¤GX o"'$&6H"', 7C*.-K&(9.Tn0 G&"u3#K&( !=(53p.= !=, "'.-,L3" (9!= "', ,>L(9!?g,.=K,>7.-K D"=(9 ;383/$&(9.-, 7m3/ 8>yN bTK,L"c(5"-"-$;.-, 7mM !=,.#" $&"^.- !=C .-`.-K& "-( &> .-K& C5!-5$U(+)5 !#(9C5 8"I 2h.=K ]n0 GR3#K&(9!#( 3/.- 8!-,L"0.=, 3 F( "-$!= 8"g3/5$;.- FBD?g,>.-K`.=K w^4kD?g,.=K`.-K EkXO0rcN ¶T·>8. ¹Uºf»ON¿ÉT¾f¿VËà ¸vÎ4ÏÏQP:¾IËË&»vÉ4ÂR/ÄÈ^¾fÀ'¿}ÂÁ'ÄhÉ å So¿ À'Á'âf¿VÂ;Á'ÄhÉêÊg¾IË;Ìh»Ã%é. ÊT¾fË;Ìh»Ã. s"'$&G&"-( > T 2M.=K IH(97X$&(9!= < 8X ^4$!=!- 875.h5$L( .=,>57kX$!=) 8 c? != g( "-@ 8B Z5$& 8"'.-, 7&"T(9GM $.K5$!#"h? !=@ FBA $7&,>57`3 ) !#(9C5 A9 F(9!=7, 7C5"8AH( 7&BD( "-( G65$;. &(+ R .-K;B", 7Q( B&B;,.=,>57.= .-K& *$&"-$&( ZH$ F"0.=,>57&"c57L(9GM !E2[5!=3 *"'.=(9.-$&"8A "-3#KX5>, 7C&AIB C5!=( K,L3"8Ag,>7&B$&"0.=!- t(9¡ ,L( .-, 7d(97&Bt;383/$&(9.-, 7&( %"'.=(9.-$&"8N bTK *?4 8!- u(9L"-(5"'@5 8BD.-!= )H,LB; ^.-K& E( BB;!= 8"="T(97&B`7&( ^ 2}.=K , !I 8&> H !#"c"-.-K&(9.E.-K `"-( "' .92IZH$ F"0.=,>57&"E3/5$LBRG6 `( "-@ 8BU.=1.-K 8N bv.=K G6 F"0.92u $&!*@X7 ?g 8B;C5 A.-K&, "`,L"<.-K& U57> Y, 7&"0.#(97&3 o, 7s?gK,L3#K"-$&3#KsZH$ 8"' .-, 7&"^(9GM $;.u3/57H.-!#( 3p.f2[ !=ê? != c(5"'@5 8BN TY£%7 B;, "'.-$&!-G, 7C*!- F"'$>.f2[!= ê.=K )+( >,LB(9.-, 71"'$&!-)5 <,L"T.-K ]2_(53p.I.=K&( .I 8> 5 !#"T(97&B` 8 8"T(9C5!- 8 ] 7`X3/ ð lð^ô'ø#ö+ö+õ#÷fûy
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(29) ð úõ ø# ö uó8ù +ð0 þ \% I"!]7 +þaõ $8ù +ðø4÷aï+õpþyõ pï]ø#ö ø ýFûaùúû} õ ;÷aï ø=^ ÷ ø=÷yøTûyðP÷ .
(30) 3/$&(9.-, 7&( 4"'.=(9.-$&"c> F"-"E.-K&( 79XÞ92T.=K .=,> *(9.E.-K& 7 B,>C5,.c )5 (97&B > F"-"].=K&(975HÞ¨(9.E.-K& .-K!= B;, C ,>.E ) 8fx[5!- <57:,L"-3 (5"-"-,>J63(9.-, 7: !=!-5!=" G6 8> ?fz/NRkX$&<( !- R"0.#( .=, "'.-,L3"(9!= != M !-.- 8BR, 7WbV(9G&> U NU{f9.= .-K6( .c.=K5"- ?4 8!- 3/ $.- 8BU$&"-,>7&CD 8 8"8Ô "%!= 8"-657&"' F"N]OP7o.-K 8"'.-, <( .-, 7:"' F3p.=,>57A ?4 u"-K ?s.=K u!- F"'$&.#"TG6 .-K?g,.=K F"Ô;( 7&BD 8> 5 !#"ÔX!= 8"-657&"- 8"8N%" , "I.-K E38( "- u?g,.=K.-K EkXO0rcA&.-K 4k`ZH$ 8"'.-, 776(9, !- u(9 ?I"T$&"T.-*3/ $.- .-K (+)5 !#(9C *(9 $7H.<&( , BY, 7WGM 7X$&"- 8"8Nt1 != *&!- F3/,L"' 8> 5Ah 8!="xa(97&B ?45!-@5 !#"=z]( !- D(5"'@5 8B:?gK .-K 8!c.=K D? !=@ 8!="]!= 83 , ) 8Bm( 7X U SH.=!=(o(9 $7H.c, 7 ( BB;,>.-, 7.- .=K , !!- 8C $L(9!c&(+ N:I>.-K5$C K,>., "(97, 6 8!'2[ F3p. 8( "-$!= 92 G657H$6"' F"I&( , B`2[5 ! _a`Gbc_ad_'bcegfihM !-2[ !=<(97&3 A&? u$&"- E,>.f.-*"0.=$&B; *.-K ,>&(53p. 92 "' F3p.-5!' ) 86$&7 X 87H.I 7*.-K u, 7&3/,LB; 87&3/ u 2V"-$&3#KG657H$6"' F"N j. kmlonqp/´E81Ar. °±Os9t. sgtun:±fAv}´^ /. bTK E 8( !- , !I"'.-$&B;, 8"f!- 8)X,> 8?4 FB*, 7.-K& E,>7H.=!-;B;$&3/.-, 71K&(+)5 ]2[;3/$&"="' FB`$6571 8"' "' 875.=, ( > W.0?4m,L"-"-$ F"N½bTK J&!="'.*,L"D3 7&3 !=7 8BY?g,>.-Kt.=K o?T(+ Q, 7&B;, )X, B$&(9L" "' 82«P"' 8> F3p.f, 7H.-<;33$&(9.-, 7&"g?g,>.-K B,el != 7H.I2[5!-<"g 2 3 M 7&"=( .=,>57&"NTbTK,L" /el 83p.^, "I79.I.=K E2[;3$&"I 2V.=K c3$!-!= 7H.f"'.-$&B Al(97&B`? E$&"- u.-K c>57C ,>.-$&B,>7&( ( "-6 F3p.c 24.=K DB(9.=(1"- /.="u.- 3/57H.-!= 2[ !c$7 G6"' 8!-)5 8B:,>76B;,>)X,LB;$&( h3#K&(9!#( 3/.- 8!' , "'.-,L3" xaB;,L"-3$&"-"- 8BW, 7iB /.=( ,>gGM ?fzpNtbTK "- 83 7&BW,L"-"-$ , ".=K "-,>¢8 ` 2f.=K ,>7&3 7H.-, ) /el 83/.8Al7&(9 8> `.-K& c L( "'.-,L3/,>.0 92 .=K c eM5!'.]"'$&> 2 /el !-.%?g,>.-K !- F"'M 83/.g.-&(+ N £%$!<<(9, 75.#(9, 7 8BYKX X6 .-K F"',L"<,L".-K6( .<J&!=<" 3#KX5"- !- J.<<( S;,>, ¢, 7C 3/ M 7&"=( .=,>5765>,L3/, 8"8A C5,>)5 7.-K %(97H.-,L3/, &( .= 8B eM F3p.h 26.=K 8"- IM , 3,> F" $M 7 /el !-.8N I 763/ f( >6&(+ ,L"h3 7&"-,LB; != 8B, 7&3/ 875.=,>)5 I&(+ 5NV& ! S;( > 5A5 8) 87<?gK 7 (T?45!-@5 !l, "v&(9,LB](JS; 8B^K5$!- f?T(9C5 AF3/ 7H.=,>7X$ FB% 8> X 7H.,L"3/57&B;,>.-, 7&( $657 "-(9.-,L"02_(53p.= != u6 8!'2[5!-<(9763/ T92l 7 5Ô " B$;.-, 8"8N I 763/ g,>2lM !-2[ !=<(97&3 T&(+ "'$&3#Kd( "*,> F3/ U!=(9.- 8"* !`3/5,L"-"-, 7&"*(9!= o7 .* G6"' 8!-)5 8BAT.=K, "`,L"DGM 838(9$&"- .-K F"' ^(9!= g79.435"'.h,>7&,>, ¢, 7C"- $;.-, 76" .-E.-K %,>7&3 7H.-, ) f!-5G N}OP7.=K,L" !- F"'M 83/.? 2[ ?¦I <"0.=!-5 ( 7&B1, C != x0 F 9XzpA?gK , >$&"'.-!#( .= DK ? .-K u5;.-, <(9 8&> X 7H.I3/575.=!=(53p.T) (9!=,> F"T?g,.=Kn05G13#K&(9!#( 3/.- !=,L"0.=, 38"N bv, B; 87H.-,>2[ .=K ^!- 8 (9.-, 7&"-K, <G6 .0?4 8 7En05GD3#K&( !=(53p.- 8!-,L"'.-,L3"( 7&B 3/56 87; "-(9.-, 7R?4 2[5> ?¬.-K D"'.=( 7&B( !=BR(9&!-H( 3#K:,>7:.=K <.-K& != o 2T.-K <J6!-A(97&B )H, ?½38(9,>.=( V(5"gJS; FB , 71.-K "-K !-.f!=$7Al?gK, > !-,L3/ F"%( !- E¥& /S;, G> 5N^& !% /SX (9 Ah(:5( &(97& 8"- <(97X$;2_( 3/.-$!=, 7CU& ( 75.<(+ mG6 ` /S; , 3,.=> B 8"-,>C57 8B.- K&(+) u!=$7X?(+ ;"T(9GM ) ^.=K EL(97H.g¥&X !f?gK != u<(97&( C 875.I38(971 G6"' 8!-)5 f.=K ( 3p.=,>57&"92l? !=@ !#"( .(] ?W3/H"0.FN wDOP7.- !=<" 92l $&!B( .#(A957 g?45$LBc SXM 83/. .-K S;, "'.- 87&3/ < 2T"-$&3#KR!-$&7H?T(+ ;"%.-1!= 8"-$.E, 7m? !=@ !#"^!- 865!'.=,>7&C*.=K&( .c.-K 8 K&(+) `> F"-"<( $;.-57 N ,>)5 7W.-K 1KX XM9.-K& 8"-, ".=K&( .]n0 Gi3#K&( !=(53p.- 8!-,>.-,L3"( !- xy[ ø#
(31) ô zXð0õ uõ Fûyð0%þ $/
(32) ð ^÷aï+ùúY û +þyùúö g{ ø $Fùúûaù ÷÷yõgõpö+ð õ X| ø 9õ#÷ø } Y û Lø#þaüWüIø#ôyï+ùúö+ð0þa4 ý Ýø#ö/÷yû ùú ö ~/ ø ø#.ö .
(33) JS; 8Bm, 7m.-K& `"-K !-.c!=$7, >, 8"c.-K6( .c.=K 8"- *( !- D!-, C KH.cK&( 7&B"-, B D) (9!=, ( G 8" ,>7W $!!- 8C != 8"="', 7&"8AV?gK,> *.-K D2[ != 2%3/56 87&"-(9.-, 7m,L"(1> 2«.<K&(97&BQ"',LB; B; M 7&B 7H.f) (9!=, ( G N bTK U3#K5, 3 92c3 M 7&"=( .=,>57s, "*;B; > FBs( "*(K, !#(9!#3#K,L(9fB 83/,L"-,>57A 6 8!-,>.'.-, 7C*$&"I.=*"'.-$&B *.=K c eM F3p.^92n0 GU3#K&(9!#( 3/.- !=,L"0.=, 38"g( "f(*"' FZH$ 7&3 E92 Z5$6(9 ,.#( .-, ) 3#K ,L3/ c;B; 8 "8N]bTK, "%C != 8(9.- `"-, &>,>J& 8"f.-K& F3/ 7& /.=!-,L3"%(97&B 6 8!-,>.="uGM /.-.- !3/575.=!-5 ) !u"- 83/.-, 7R /el 83/.="8NDbTK <"0.#(9!-.-, 7C65,>7H.c 2h.=K K,> 8!=( !=3#KX u,L"G&( "- 8B$M 7.-K& IB;, "'.-, 7&3/.-, 7G6 .0?4 8 7?gK&(9.? g3( >X!`iHe f b ) !#"-$& " {eGe f b3/ M 7&"=( .=,>57`"- ;"0.= <"8N ÐT·'¸. 15ÉfÈ%¾gÂQÌh»Ëg6X¾46Q¾gÂ;È%¾IÂR¿)6H»vâPUÄhÇÈu»vÉ65¿VÂÁ0Ä4É. != .-K& * ,.= !#( .=$!- ` 7W(9C 87&3/ :.=K 5!- 5A&(9!-.-,L3/$& ( !- mI <"0.=!-5 x0 8X HzpA ?4 @X7 ?¬.-K6( .5;.-, <(9h3 7H.-!#( 3/.="E"-K5$ BRGM D3 7&B;,>.-, 7& 8BR$M 7m5G;n0 83/.-, ) F( "-$!= 8"926 8!'2[5!-<( 7&3/ 5A;?g,.=K*.=K uZH$&(9 ,.0 D92V.-K u<( .#3#K*, 7&3!- F( "-,>7C?g,>.-K .-K TZH$&(9 ,.0 ] 2.-K M !-2[ !=( 7&3/ 4 8( "-$!= NvbTKX$&"V,>2&? h /) . TG6 ?45!-@5 ! eM5!'.FA (97&A B E,L"I( 8(5"'$!= ]92V6 8!'2[5!-<(9763/ A;? ],>C5K5.I?g!=,>.- . x' Fz. ?gK != ,L"I(!=( 7&B; Ø)+( !-,L(9G&> ]?g,>.-K¢ 8!- 8(971( 7&B`)+( !-,L(9763/ 79 NbTK EB, "' .-, 7&3p.=,>57DGM /.0? 7D $;.=$;.g(97&B<, 7$.G&(5"' FB<3/5M 76"-(9.-, 7 ,L"4B$ I.=|v( ¢ F(9! x0 85 HzpA8.-K5$C Ku? $&"- .-K h.- 8!-<", 7E(I"- ?gK6( .vB;,>eM 8!- 87H.v?(+ 5NvI7c,>7&B,>)X,LBX $&(9yÔ ", 7$;.f38(97*G6 ], 75.= !=!= /.- FB , 7`() (9!=,> .0 <92v?T(+ ;"AX, 7&3/ $&B;, 7C.-, ]"-M 7H. ( . ( n05GA.=K `7H$&cGM !<92^3(9 !=, 8" /S;6 87&B; FBAh5!.=K 1(9 $&75.92f.-K5$C KH. $;.E, 75.=1(*B; F3/,L"', 7vN: 2[X3$&"]$M 7:.-K& , 7C5!- FB;,> 87H.^.=K&( .E( C 763/ 1;B; L" K&(5"', ¢ ],L"g,>M !-.=( 75.FA;7&(9 8> <.=K E(9G&,> ,.0 *92V,>7&B,>)X,LB;$&(9L"T.=3 7H.-!= M.=K F( "-$!= 92;!=;B;$&3p.=,>)5 $.-$;.FNVf 7&3 hGX ](97u, 7$;.G&( "- 8Bu"- ;"0.= A+?4 h F(97 7 ?gK 8!- .-K <) ( !-,L(97&3 c B 2 D,L"]> ?uA( 7&Bo.-K ? !=@ !]3( 7U&!- F3/,L"' 8> (9eM F3p. K, "c !uK 8!E $.-$;. F( "-$!= NDbTK,L"E? $& BU2[ !u S(9 <,>7&3>$6B; , 83 <!=(9.- "' ;"'.- <"?gK 8!- 1, 7&B;, )X, B$&(9L"<3( 7Y3 7H.-!= T.=K 17X$cGM !< 2^$7&,.#"<!=XB$&3/ FBA !u.=,> G&(5"' FBR3/ M 7&"=( .=,>57R?gK != .-, , "u.-K &!-;B;$&3/.8A( "u, 7R.-K& D3(5"' 92%"=(+ R7,>C5KH.'?(9.=3#KmM !#"'57&"Nmf79.=K !?(+ :.=o.=K,>7&@(9GM $;.,>7&$;.G&( "- 8B "' ;"'.- <"8Ah,L".-K&(9..=K W3/ !=!= 8"-657&BR.-U.-K& (5"-"-$;.=,>57&"92%(R3/56 .-,>.-, ) ( G65!<( !-@5 /.2[ !T ( G65!8N bTK&(9.,L".-K& %J6!-Ø3 7H.-!#( 3/.="4?g,.=KD.=K u? !=@ !h2[ !g( ?4 8>l"'M 83,J6 8B 5$;.-&$;.8A;?gK .-K 8!4,>.T, "h.-K %.-, %57<.-K& hn05G !4.-K ^7X$cGM !92 ,> F3/ F"g!=XB$&3/ FBN OP7< $!hB&( .=(E?4 I38(977 .4B;, !- F3p.=> G&"- !=) .=K I) (9!=, ( 7&3/ g 2 F( "-$!= 8B $;.- $;.%!= L( .=,>)5 u.-D /el !-.8NfI(9.-K 8!8AM? u.=( @ u.=K c)X, ?Õ.-K&(9.%? !=@ 8!="T57 K $&!- ?( C 8"I !f&,> F3/ c!#( .= 8"gH"0.]3/ 5"- `3 !=!- F"'M 7&B*.= ,>7&$;.]G&( "- 8B13 6 87&"=( .-, 7N]t,>.-KR(97 K5$!=> ?T(9C E.-K ?45!-@5 !#"I(9!= E SXM 83/.- FB1.-`!=;B;$&3/ ( ? B; /J&7& 8B $.-$;. F( 3#KK5$!8N k;( ( !-, 8B?45!-@5 !#"AF.=K5"- g!- F3/ 8,>)X, 7Cu3/ ,L"-"-,>57&" F.
(34) «. (97&BYGM 7X$&"- 8"<(9!= B; /J&7& 8BW.-mGM $;.=$;.DG&(5"' FB n05G&"8Ni& !< S;( > 13 ,L"="', 7n0 G6"I(9!= u5"'.f3/ 7*2[ !%"-( > F"g6 8!="- 76"A;?gK 8!- u57 u /S;M 83/.="T.=K !- 8 (9.-, 7&"-K, UGM /.0? 87U eM5!'.E(976Bo5$;.-$.^.=1G6 )5 != 17 ,L"' 5NI C5( !=B> F"-"^92 .-K f( $7H. 92l /el !-.8A57E"-( > g,L"(]"-$!- T.=K, 7Cu$7H.-, &,>., " J&7&(9 , ¢ 8BA K 87&3/ T.=K >, 7@:G6 .0?4 8 7m /el !-.( 7&B: $;.=$;.,L"E7& ,L"', !FN*bTK *( 3p.=$&(943/ ,L"-"-,>57R!=(9.- ?g,> B M 7&Bm57(17X$cGM !92T2_(53p.-5!="8AV,>7&3>$6B;,>7&C .-K& D!=, "-@:(+)5 !#"', 7:92T.=K u( 7&B .=K u9.=K !f,>7&"'.-!=$ 7H.#"g(+)+( ,>L(9G&> %.-.=K ]J&!=` N OP7`.=K E3(5"' 92^"=(9L(9!=, 8Bm? !=@ 8!="8AV.-K `K $&!="92%?45!-@m(9!= `92«.- 87Q, 6 8!'2[ F3p.- Q"-6 F3/,>J& 8BA ?g,.=K ?45!-@B; 8( 7&B1) (9!= X,>7&C2[!-5Û? 8@*.= ? @lNff 7&3 c? c"-$M5"- u.-K&(9. 2[ !].-K& 8"- ? !=@ 8!="f79.u57> o, "^.=K != 7> ?½) ( !-,L(97&3 F( "-$!- 92 $;.=$;.FA G$;.? ( "-^"-$M5"- .-K&(9..-K 8,>! 5$;.-$.,L"757;3 7H.-!#( 3/.-, G %x[5!- T!= 83, "- B; /J&7& 8B`G6 8> ?fz/N bTK $C5Ko.=K,L"u3/L( "="',>J63(9.-, 7U, "], 6 8!'2[ F3p.8AV( "]? <"'K&( >"- 2[!= ¤.=K <!= / C != 8"="', 7&"8Al $!^!= 8"-$.#"%.- 76B .=`"-$M !-.^5$!],>7H.= !=!- .=(9.-, 7NE15!- "-6 F3/,>J 3(9 D $&!f"0.=!=(9.- 8C ,L"g2[5!I, B 7H.-,>2[ X,>7C .-K E eM F3p.f 26n05G 3#K&(9!#( 3/.- 8!-,L"0.=, 38", "I.- 8"'.-, (9.- E( ,>7 F(9!g!= G6(9G, >,>.0 <;B; 2}.=K ]2[ !=Ò ¡ xy z ! Q ¢§¦ ¢ ¨ ¢£ ¥ Ü ¤ !© ,L"].-K& /.-K&XB: 2&(+ X 7H.E 2? !=@ 8!ªf,>7R.=K <;33/$&&( .=,>57R3 ¬ OP7U.=K <3(5"' 92OP7$;.E)5 !#"'$&"E£%$;.=$;.uG&(5"' FBo&(+ 1? Û 5!]gl bTK& `)5 83/.- ! , "(:"' .3 7H.-!= L" !© ³ D2[5!.=K OP7$;. 38( "- N ê. ?gK != Av?g,.=K ( "="'$ "'$&3#Km(5"] /S;6 8!-, 763/ <(97&B:"=3#KX ,>7C6A ¦ © , "u(^PB;,> 87&"', 76(9 ) F3p.= !]92Vn0 G ( .'.=!-, G$;.= 8"8Ah(976 B ,L".-K * !=!-5!E.- 8!-N£%$!c5G;n0 83/.,L"c.- J67&B 8( !-7mK ? F( "-$!= 8B13#K&( !=(53p.- 8!-,L"'.-,L3"8A ¦ © A( el 83/.%.=K c, 7&3/,LB; 87&3/ 924(<6(9!-.-,L3/$L(9!f2[ != 92 3/ M 7&"=( .=,>57N tK 7(IC X;Bu 8(5"'$&!- 492 $.-$;. ,L"}(+) ( ,>L(9G AF.=K 7,., "VM5"="', G 2[5!v.=K J&!-.-1?g!=,.= <(13/ /.= 3/575.=!=(53p.^.-K&(9.c 8"="- 7H.-,L(9 > B 83/ 87H.-!#(9 ,>¢8 8"u3/57H.-!= .-.=K o? !=@ 8!8N§bTK&(9.*,L"D3 7&B;,>.-, 76(9f$&657t.-K R3/57H.-!#( 3p.FA.-K U?45!-@5 ! ,L" (9G E.=*B; F3/,LB; cK ?Õ.=D /S; F3/$;.= c,>.="f.- !=<"N%OP7 &( !'.=, 3$ ( !I.=K, "%, &>, 8"f.-K&(9. 2[ !f S(9 c"'$63#K`? !=@ 8!="T? $& BK&(+)5 ]C != 8( .= !f( $;.-57 A, 71.=K c"- 7&"- E92 B;,>!= 83/.I"'$M !=)X, "- != ,>7&$;.I,L"4 8"="T, M !-.=( 7H.8N IL"'%n0 G6".-K&(9.g( !- ^!= M /.-,>.-, ) 5A !fK6(+) E 8"="I) (9!=, /.0 AM(9!= E ,>@5 D.=DK&(+)5 uG6 .'.- 8!% F( "-$!- F"I 2? !=@ 8!I, 7$;.FA (97&B`K 87&3/ ^2_(9 , 7H.-.-K uOP7&$;.%38( .- 8C 5!- 5N 4 7&B;,>.-, 76(9V$657 GM , 7C*, 7 .=K ,>7&$;.^5!%5$;.-&$;.^G6( "- 8B 38( "- A6.-K J&!= 3(972[$!-.-K 8!!= /J&7 .=K I3/575.=!=(53p.FN}bTK I"- /. 92lM5"="', G, >,>.-, 8"V.=K&( .? g"0.=$&B; 38(97 ®pó8ð07 ð ¯võ úügûa÷aþyõpü1ø# ö [ ù pþaõp° ü \% J].>õpþ;± ø +ðP÷ø#ù ú
(35) ð 4ø#ö ø ýFûaùúûX õ +ô0õpügügùúûaûyùúõpöû_ýFû_÷yð0ügû ² W}õ#÷að4÷aï ø=÷ ügùúûa
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