HAL Id: tel-00005727
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L.) et le Chevreuil (Capreolus capreolus L.) vivant en
sympatrie en forêt tempérée de moyenne montagne
Christophe Baltzinger
To cite this version:
Christophe Baltzinger. Sélection des sites de repos par le Cerf (Cervus elaphus L.) et le Chevreuil (Capreolus capreolus L.) vivant en sympatrie en forêt tempérée de moyenne montagne. Autre [q-bio.OT]. ENGREF (AgroParisTech), 2003. Français. �NNT : 75ENGREF09�. �tel-00005727�
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
=B D 8 9 5 5 9 # # 8 #+ # #3 + !2 9 23 9 5 S MR O J SB O + BR =M O R 8 BCCC 8 =III+ B = R @ B+ B+ = = 8 8 =C BJ BS 4 BM 4 BCCC+ S =D BR 4 =C 4 =III 5 BCCC =III 5 #+ # + ) + =III+ =IIB = 8 )/ ) 5 J=[ =S[ BCCC+ JD[ =C[ =III B = " 0 0 + 4 = 0 # B 5 " =+ 5 B = 0 " 0 B = + 5 0 " = #+ # +3 5 R BCCC =III $ B B $ = = . : H: : 3 DM )BBD ] >M )RS ] SR )B= ] BIS YS ]
' e> > < R >i f YBM Ci Y> >i YB> =i
' )J >i Y= Ri )M Ji YR Ri
' # YBJ Mi Y=M Ii YBJ =i Y== Bi
0 4 )/ BD =RHBS => =R 0 4 ) D MHBI J M 0 4 BR Y= ] D )= ]HM )B ] S )> ] D Y= ] 0 4 J ) R ) ] 5 7 9 BCD>)BCCD BCCC BCD>)BCCC =III H 5 = 5 =
==
!!B = 3
8
8 # + 5 + 8 = B = 0 = @ + 5 % 5 % 5 5 0 9 # # 9 " % 03 B 3 % 8 8 7 5 H 5 1 # BI 5 0 0 + 0!!B >
5 9 % , + % F % 23 2 0 3 1 + ,# "#+ & <(#+" # 03 B :3 H % % 4 7 9 # "! + 9 >I MI , X 0 + BCCM &! # "! 0 8 0 0"1 : 1 + 9 7 4 5 89 B N 9 =I + F + =I 5 = = N 9 =I 7 + & + . 4 5 89 5 8 9 8 # % 5 5 % 8 03 B 0"1## " + = > "1 : 3 4 & " " % % . % & & ! & "% & # # "! & & % " % # % & % # % <( ", 2 3 2 @ # @ B 2 @ @ B 9 9 2 : 9 ^ 5 @ # 3 * * + B M j 2 j 5 / @ # * 2 * + 2 \ = I 5 @ 4 5 / @ 2 \ = I aH k 2 \ B H> 2 5 @ 4 + B I j 2 j B M aH = I I I = I I R I I J I I D I I 7 2 29 2 6 2 ? 2 A 2 @ 28 : : 2 : : : : 9 : 6 2 # 2 9 # 2 6 # 2 ? # 2 A # 2@# 2 8 # : # :2# : : # : # : 9 # : 6 # 2 9 @ 2 : 2 29 2 6 2 9 2 # 2 : 9 2 9 8
"1 : 3 4 & " " % % . % & & ! & "% & # # "! & & % " % # % & % # % <( ", 2 3 2 @ # @ B 2 @ @ B 9 9 2 : 9 ^ 5 @ # 3 * * + B M j 2 j 5 / @ # * 2 * + 2 \ = I 5 @ 4 5 / @ 2 \ = I aH k 2 \ B H> 2 5 @ 4 + B I j 2 j B M aH 2 @ # @ B 2 @ @ B 9 9 2 : 9 ^ 5 @ # 3 * * + B M j 2 j 5 / @ # * 2 * + 2 \ = I 5 @ 4 5 / @ 2 \ = I aH k 2 \ B H> 2 5 @ 4 + B I j 2 j B M aH = I I I = I I R I I J I I D I I 7 2 29 2 6 2 ? 2 A 2 @ 28 : : 2 : : : : 9 : 6 2 # 2 9 # 2 6 # 2 ? # 2 A # 2@# 2 8 # : # :2# : : # : # : 9 # : 6 # 2 9 @ 2 : 2 29 2 6 2 9 2 # 2 : 9 2 9 8 = I I I = I I R I I J I I D I I 7 22 2929 2 6 2 6 2 ? 2 ? 2 A 2 A 2 @ 2 @ 2828 :: : 2 : 2 : : : : :: : 9 : 9 : 6 : 6 2 # 2 # 2 9 # 2 9 # 2 6 # 2 6 # 2 ? # 2 ? # 2 A # 2 A # 2@#2@# 2 8 # 2 8 # : # : # :2#:2# : : # : : # : # : # : 9 # : 9 # : 6 # : 6 # 2 9 @ 2 : 2 29 2 6 2 9 2 # 2 : 9 2 9 8
=R = 4 # R @ % 8 0 & + . % 8 0 9 + 4 8 , 7 H +
!!=
8
0
0 8 0 #+ # ?#+ 0!!= B ?
0
0 = % % 0 !!= B B K + 0 X 0 + BCCC, . % DE , ( "F % # &"1 " "&! #%& # & "
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=M
#+ # 93 " K
B = > R M J
I[ I)M[ M)=M[ =M)MI[ MI)SM[ SM)BII[
I[ = M[ BM[ >S M[ J= M[ DS M[ + 0 + 0 5 / 0 & 0 K S 5 0 8 ) ) U Z + &Z> MS + RI a % . S 5 8 U jI M + &Z> MS + RI a # 5 # $ I M + $ I M + # $ I M + ) # $ I M + 0 $ I M S N " U I Mj j= + &Z> MS + RI a 5 8 I I M + # 0 ) # $ =+ $ =+ $ = S 5 ) 8 ) ) U =j jR + &ZBI + >BR a ) + 5 $ R+ $ R $ R S 5 8 ) ) U Z + Y # + # + 8 g 9 "! % =M M 5 9 R[
=J @ + + 4 R[ 8 7 3 > 7 8 + BI[ 8 5 " 0 = @ B 9 MI = MI = + BI S 8 ) 0 5 U jI M # I M 5 #+ I M + # I M ) # I M S 8 ) ) 8 G 49 0 5 0 U I Mj j= 5 8 I I M + # ) # =+ = =
# ,"&"+" " ! D/ &"1 " "&! #%& # & " . % G
8 0 + >I # RI + X 0 + BCCM < + BCCJ + 5 5 7 0 9 8 3 0 0 + 8 0 " )9) 9 0 R ? + ? + ? ?/ 0 ? 5 9 R 0 ) + 0 ? g 9 8 # + 9 F + 0 + + 0 5 5 0 !!= B = + 0 9 9 5 9 7 . + " 0 5 0 5 0 + " 5 ! 5 5 " + 7 9 + 5 # 5 5 " 7 5 9
=S 5 5 8 * 5 7 2+ 7 8 # < 7 3 0 ++ * +.+ 2 0 1+ ' 7 0 1+ 0 5 + 7 2 + 7 2 2 5 2 + 2 0+ 2 + 2 + 2 0+ 2 + [ 0 [ 0 + [ 0 [0 + [ # [ #+ # 63 @ 3 * + * + 2 * ' 7 2 * + 7 9 B >I XB >I # % & # 3 0 #&& : H:6 BS+M jXB >I j=S+M #&& : H:6 BS+M jXB >I j=S+M * #&& H96 =S+M jXB >I jRS+M #&& H9 =S+M jXB >I jR=+M 2 0 #&& 6 I XB >I lRS+M #&& 96H?6 RS+M jXB >I mJS+M ' 7 0 ) #&& A I XB >I \JS+M 7 ) #+ # 6 5 "9 * + # $ + 0 =I + 0 7 0 + + 0 0 =I + # @ 8 & + 3 & + * + 7K - . 3 & + @ $ + ( + * ) + 8. 0 0
!!= = '
!!= = B ' . 5 + @ S 8 # + R + + / + S + R + 0 + + +=D S @ + + ) + 0 + S K > @ + !!= = = 9 % * 7 + + 9 0 9 . 23 / & + 7 + 8 2& % + 8 0 ; / . " 3 2 + BCCC + 5 5 ) 9 0 # "! &. ' 3 + 7 4 0 !! 5 9 23 + 5 9 3 9 !2 B@=MIII7 5 % * . + 5 5 4 !2 7 8! 2 5 !2 0 % * 5 + 9 + 9 + K 9 + K 9 !2 . V 8 # = 7 @ # + 7 E E 7 E E+ 5 + 7 7 5 5 5 @ S # ) + S # 9 ) + S # 7 ) 0 ) + # 9 + 9 9 0
!!= >
S 5 8 D 03 B 3G=C 9 Z 9 S 8 S 0 BI & . S . # BI 5 5 5 H 5 S 7 + 5 + M S 8 8 7 5 8 0 0 R 0 + + + S + 8 , BI S 7 9 ) S 7 + 9 M + 0 0 )00 $)00 < 7 8 ) #+ # ?#3 0 0 .0 1 /"&"+" " ! ? ? 0 ? ? 0 . ? +? + ? ?/ ? 0 + + / , # ! # D G I M # jI M [ I M jI M [ I M # jI M [ I M ) # jI M [ = I M j # j = [ = I M j j = [ = I M j # j = [ "& #% ; % & ! #%1 . % ) 9 ) 9 ) 9 7 , "F % # D G E , . % % & [ . & 8 [ $ I M & # jI M [ $ I M & jI M [ $ I M & # jI M [ $ I M & ) # jI M [ $ I M & 8 0 jI M [ $ = I M j & # j = [ $ = I M j & j = [ $ = I M j & # j = [
>I #+ # ?# D& " G3 0 # 0 , "F % # D G E , . % $ R = j & # j R [ $ R = j & j R [ $ R = j & # j R [ 0 [ [ # [
4 . % 0 & " E & . &" " %
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!!> B
"
#+ # ?+ 0 R !?+ #+ # 2:# ?+ #+ # : = #+ # ?+ @ # # 5 0 0 5 + 5 9 =I 7 03 B 23 3 4 + + + % + " 03 B / #+ # ?+3 & " " " 7 " " 0 B Z Y 0 = B Y = 00 "0 # $ B =I M= S= CI 2?: B RI >C SC CI 2?8 $ = MJ JD B=R SM : 8 = JI CI BMI =DR 9 9 # 2A? :98 9:6 6 8 8?9 " " + 9 0 " B+ 5 B >I RM RM " =+ 4" 4 + 5 " 0>=
!!> =
+ " 9 9 " 0 B)B + 0 + 9 0 8 0 + 5 + 4 + 5 # " = + 0 # 0 & . BI > 5 &\ .@ 0 < &Z .@ 0 5 &j .@ 0 " 7 5 " 9 &\ . 4 G &\ .+ 9 " 0 !!> = B . + 8 + 0 0 + 8 )' 0 @ = 0 " 0 5 " & Z + . Z + Z#&)#.+ 5 9 + 8 0 + 9 I 8 7 0 8 @ ) 9 I " # 5 " + + )' " 7 7 0 + BCDR 8 + 5 3 5 4 7 @ # 8 @ B+ =+ B = + ) 9 5 + 8 5 9 )' 0 8 8 + 0 1 n> @ j =M # n> a < + BCDR " 5 + W # 0 # + 8 5 0 < ] 5 8 W # 0 + 0 # 0 1 #&+ M[ jI IM +>> BI[ I IMj jI BI 5 @ ] 5 M[+ ]] B[+ ]]] Bd !!> = = . @ 5 + 7 + 5 $ V+ BCDC< + & "+ =II= 7 + 0 9 0 5 5 + 0 5 IHB 0 # 9 H 5 5 8 3 5 5 9 )' $ V+ BCDC 8 0 + 8 7 9 8 0 + 5 9 G 5 0 9 # 9 5 8 5 * V + BCDI< $ V+ BCDC 8 # ) 5 0 # # O7 0 # #]O & #&O . #.O + @ -JKE - KH- K 0 9 # 5 O B @ B ) I + B ) I Z B+ 5KE2 F 7 $ V+ BCDC 1 + 5 5 O B ) 9 0 #]O+ " )9) ) 0 # 0 + 7 " 0 5 " 0 " 0 3 0 + Y # 0 + ) # 0 0 3 # + 9 G ?+ 7 5 + 0 5 7 @ 8 0 7 < 5 0 + 7 + 8
>R + H + 4 ) 9 0 8 9 CM[ # 8 0 7 # ) 0 0 7 . 8 0 0 7 7 + " 9 0 7 + 7 5 . + " 0 + 5 / 7 # + 5 4 0 5 " .a 0 0 9 0 = 7 0 0 # 9 jI BI . 7 0 )B 0 + 5 ; / 4 5 89 5 0 8 ; # 4 $ V+ BCDC 7 7 8.O O # + .! 8 8 .! 5 8 0 0 7 9 RI * . + =IIB ' 7 8.! 0 .! Y = 5 $ V+ BCDC< * . + =IIB N 7 5 7 L M .a 3 8 8 4 7 N 8 @ ) 9 LO LO 8 3 $ V+ BCDC 3 LO + 5 1 LO 8 # 5 5 8 # 5 L M + 5 8 1 9 \I M 8 7
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7
/ 5 7 = 7 5 @ / # 0 K 3 8 + 7 5 8 ; 7 3 81 & 2 + 9 % =III+ # 7 + BII + 0 DR 0 7 + 5 ; 0 + 8 5 : O + BCSR 0 5 75 K!!!B R
+ 8 5 8 5 0 0 8 7 * h + BCCB 1 8 7 5 #+ # A+ 0 5 + ! 9 " #+ # A3 & " + ! R % * 7 + " @ Y H ! [ B S= I B S 2P B SC = M =I 8P = B=R > B= =M 2:P = BMI C B> J 26P>S #+ # A # == C B> " " =+ BM[ "
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!!!B J = . 5 7 # % + # "+ BCSC< - + BCDB+ BCCB< ' O+ BCCB 8 9 4 8 # + 8 R 9 M 7 0 + * "+ BCCJ 9 CC[ ! # 9 8
>D 8 9 7 8 0 5 M g M + M g M 0 9 :8 7 3 48 9 8 9 7 + + + + 0 > R 7 8 MI[ + " )9) 0 # 5 48 + "+ BCCS < + 3 "+ =IIB ! 5 9 BII[ 8 + 5 7 8 5 9 0 8 + 8 0 8 9 0 7
% % &" % .! ( % & #& 00" # % & # ! %& " %&3
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. " 0 B + = + > + R M " e Y H=f 0 B 5 BII[ + = 5 BII[ + > 5 F 0 = R B> BM " 0 0 M 0"1 R 0 2 K K+ BCDR I BI =I >I RI MI JI SI 'I 'IYB 'IY= 'IY> 'IYR 'IYM Y H= I BI =I >I RI MI JI SI 'I 'IYB 'IY= 'IY> 'IYR 'IYM Y H= "1 3 BM * 'IYB Z B 7 & + 'IY= Z =!!! > = '
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RI #+ # @3 + + % * 7 5 ZS> + ZS> ". %&" %& 0 ( , " o B SJ+= o B+D JR+I o B+D o B MC+C o B+S RC+S o B+S < BBI < DI BI> < D> < RB < >S RI < >C " + "+ BCCC + # '+ ZR S=>+ jBI)M+ 0 '+ ZR BSI+ ZBI)R #+ # @ "% " #" + 4 5 '+ Z R JJS+ jBI)M @ #+ # @ 0"1 9 I M BI BM =I =M
e>I)RIe eRI)MIe eMI)JIe eJI)SIe eSI)DIe eDI)CIe eCI)BIIf I M BI BM =I =M
e>I)RIe eRI)MIe eMI)JIe eJI)SIe eSI)DIe eDI)CIe eCI)BIIf
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RB 0"1 9+ " " + Y H=+ BI / 7 = # + = 0 3 # 5 7 + " 7 5 4 K 3 + " " " Z 0 + 0 " 5 " +
% % &" % "% " #" %< & % #& % + % "% " # "& "%1 &! & 0 &! & ( , " 3
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% * 7 % * 7 % * 7 5 @ # 3 * * + B M j 2 j 5 / @ # * 2 * + 2 \ = I 5 @ 4 5 / @ 2 \ = I aH k 2 \ B H> 2 5 @ 4 + B I j 2 j B M aH 5 @ # 3 * * + B M j 2 j 5 @ # 3 * * + B M j 2 j 5 / @ # * 2 * + 2 \ = I 5 / @ # * 2 * + 2 \ = I 5 @ 4 5 @ 4 5 / @ 2 \ = I aH k 2 \ B H> 2 5 / @ 2 \ = I aH k 2 \ B H> 2 5 @ 4 + B I j 2 j B M aH 5 @ 4 + B I j 2 j B M aH
RR !? 7 9 =I aH + " 7 ? # * H 2 0 + 7 9 =I aH 3 3 + 9 0 + 9 0 7K # !? ? 7 9 / 0 $ ) ? ! # ) !! !!! 5 " ! 5 0"1 6 5 #+ # 8 #+ # 83 8 ' O 3 ' ! = >> =>+ =C+ =D+ RJ+ J=+ DI+ CS+ CC ' !! B RJ =S+ RI+ D=+ B=B+ BRB + BRC ' !!! > >= >B+ MS+ MD+ SR+ BIC+ BBR+ BBD+ B=>+ B>=+ B>C+ BRI ' !? > DB SD+ D0+ B=0+ DM+ >S+ =R+ >>+ C> + BBI+ BC+ >C+ BBC ' ? > >> S+ B>R+ B>J+ B>S+ R>+ B>B+ BB+ RB+ JS+ BRB0+ BRR+ S>+ S=+ BR=
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
" 7 @ & ," !& " "& % & "00! % & . % & 0 & " & & & " %% . % ; "& %"+" " !
5 + 0
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!?= =
9 "
#+ # 22+ #+ # 22+3 3 0 5 5 5 5 / 5 / (", 2 ==+D[ =B+I[ =B+J[ C+C[ =R+S[ (", : =M+R[ J+=[ =C+=[ =S+D[ BB+M[! ! 2 RM+I[ >+J[ =C+I[ ==+M[ I+I[
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RS ," !& )B )I+D )I+J )I+R )I+= I YI+= YI+R YI+J YI+D YB ! !! !!! !? ? B = B = ! : 0 ," !& )B )I+D )I+J )I+R )I+= I YI+= YI+R YI+J YI+D YB ! !! !!! !? ? B = B = ," !& )B )I+D )I+J )I+R )I+= I YI+= YI+R YI+J YI+D YB )B )I+D )I+J )I+R )I+= I YI+= YI+R YI+J YI+D YB ! !! !!! !? ? B = B = B = B = ! : 0 "1 ?3 ! : 0 8 % * 7 + + 5 5 ! ? ! " 4 # # + 5 !?+ 4 5 !!! 3 4 !! + " " + " B + !! + !!! 0 !? " B ? " =+ !?
# 5 1" " "&! & # ", . % &". & .+ % #% #&& F "% % . % !," % & . % & !0! !& !," !& # & ," !& % # " " & 5 & . % /3
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9 "
8 7 9 9 8 0 + " ) 03 B /23 7 9 @ 0 5 9 4 5 " >R+J[ ZBMI 8 = # MC+>[ ZB=R " = 4 + #+ # 2:#RD #+ # 2:#3 8 E E H [ B S= BJ= 99 9P = B=R =IC 68 P B SC BJC 9? AP = BMI R>R 9 ?P 5 03 B /:3:3
8 7 7 @ & 0& D & ", . % &
( , " &G " "& % & "00! % & . % & 0 & " & & & " %% . % ; "& %"+" " ! .a 5 8 : 0 5 + 8 0"1 A #+ # - 2:+ 2: #+ # 2:+3 3 0 5 5 5 5 / 5 / (", : >I+R[ S+B[ R=+C[ BI+S[ D+C[
! ! 2 MM+I[ I+I[ =M+I[ =I+I[ I+I[
! ! : =D+D[ M+B[ >I+M[ BI+=[ =M+R[ 0 8 B " " " " 0 #+ # 2: 3 3 0 5 5 5 5 / 5 / (", 2 BC+J[ BJ+B[ =J+D[ D+C[ =D+J[ (", : B>+=[ S+R[ =J+M[ >J+D[ BJ+=[ ! ! 2 BM+R[ S+S[ RJ+=[ =D+=[ =+J[ ! ! : BD+S[ BB+I[ =S+M[ BC+D[ =>+B[
RC 0 @ % 8 7 4 =+.aRZ=I RM+ ZI IIR + 5 " B B+.aRZB> CR+ ZI IISM < =+.aRZM CI+ ZI =B % 8 7 4 + 5 " B B+ .aRZC >J+ ZI IM> =+ .aRZS =D+ ZI B= + " 7 @ " B+.aRZ> >>+ ZI MI " =+.aRZ> CR+ ZI RB (", 2 )B )I+D )I+J )I+R )I+= I YI+= YI+R YI+J YI+D YB ! : 0 (", : )B )I+D )I+J )I+R )I+= I YI+= YI+R YI+J YI+D YB ! ! : )B )I+D )I+J )I+R )I+= I YI+= YI+R YI+J YI+D YB ! ! 2 )B )I+D )I+J )I+R )I+= I YI+= YI+R YI+J YI+D YB ! : 0 ! !! !!! !? ? (", 2 )B )I+D )I+J )I+R )I+= I YI+= YI+R YI+J YI+D YB ! : 0 (", 2 )B )I+D )I+J )I+R )I+= I YI+= YI+R YI+J YI+D YB )B )I+D )I+J )I+R )I+= I YI+= YI+R YI+J YI+D YB ! : 0 (", : )B )I+D )I+J )I+R )I+= I YI+= YI+R YI+J YI+D YB (", : )B )I+D )I+J )I+R )I+= I YI+= YI+R YI+J YI+D YB )B )I+D )I+J )I+R )I+= I YI+= YI+R YI+J YI+D YB ! ! : )B )I+D )I+J )I+R )I+= I YI+= YI+R YI+J YI+D YB ! ! : )B )I+D )I+J )I+R )I+= I YI+= YI+R YI+J YI+D YB )B )I+D )I+J )I+R )I+= I YI+= YI+R YI+J YI+D YB ! ! 2 )B )I+D )I+J )I+R )I+= I YI+= YI+R YI+J YI+D YB ! : 0 ! ! 2 )B )I+D )I+J )I+R )I+= I YI+= YI+R YI+J YI+D YB ! ! 2 )B )I+D )I+J )I+R )I+= I YI+= YI+R YI+J YI+D YB )B )I+D )I+J )I+R )I+= I YI+= YI+R YI+J YI+D YB ! : 0 ! !! !!! !? ? ! !! !!! !? ? ! !! !!! !? ? (", 2 )B )I+D )I+J )I+R )I+= I YI+= YI+R YI+J YI+D YB ! : 0 (", 2 )B )I+D )I+J )I+R )I+= I YI+= YI+R YI+J YI+D YB )B )I+D )I+J )I+R )I+= I YI+= YI+R YI+J YI+D YB ! : 0 (", : )B )I+D )I+J )I+R )I+= I YI+= YI+R YI+J YI+D YB (", : )B )I+D )I+J )I+R )I+= I YI+= YI+R YI+J YI+D YB )B )I+D )I+J )I+R )I+= I YI+= YI+R YI+J YI+D YB ! ! : )B )I+D )I+J )I+R )I+= I YI+= YI+R YI+J YI+D YB ! ! : )B )I+D )I+J )I+R )I+= I YI+= YI+R YI+J YI+D YB )B )I+D )I+J )I+R )I+= I YI+= YI+R YI+J YI+D YB ! ! 2 )B )I+D )I+J )I+R )I+= I YI+= YI+R YI+J YI+D YB ! : 0 ! ! 2 )B )I+D )I+J )I+R )I+= I YI+= YI+R YI+J YI+D YB ! ! 2 )B )I+D )I+J )I+R )I+= I YI+= YI+R YI+J YI+D YB )B )I+D )I+J )I+R )I+= I YI+= YI+R YI+J YI+D YB ! : 0 ! !! !!! !? ? ! !! !!! !? ? ! !! !!! !? ? (", 2 )B )I+D )I+J )I+R )I+= I YI+= YI+R YI+J YI+D YB )B )I+D )I+J )I+R )I+= I YI+= YI+R YI+J YI+D YB ! : 0 (", 2 )B )I+D )I+J )I+R )I+= I YI+= YI+R YI+J YI+D YB )B )I+D )I+J )I+R )I+= I YI+= YI+R YI+J YI+D YB ! : 0 (", : )B )I+D )I+J )I+R )I+= I YI+= YI+R YI+J YI+D YB )B )I+D )I+J )I+R )I+= I YI+= YI+R YI+J YI+D YB (", : )B )I+D )I+J )I+R )I+= I YI+= YI+R YI+J YI+D YB )B )I+D )I+J )I+R )I+= I YI+= YI+R YI+J YI+D YB ! ! : )B )I+D )I+J )I+R )I+= I YI+= YI+R YI+J YI+D YB )B )I+D )I+J )I+R )I+= I YI+= YI+R YI+J YI+D YB ! ! : )B )I+D )I+J )I+R )I+= I YI+= YI+R YI+J YI+D YB )B )I+D )I+J )I+R )I+= I YI+= YI+R YI+J YI+D YB ! ! 2 )B )I+D )I+J )I+R )I+= I YI+= YI+R YI+J YI+D YB ! ! 2 )B )I+D )I+J )I+R )I+= I YI+= YI+R YI+J YI+D YB )B )I+D )I+J )I+R )I+= I YI+= YI+R YI+J YI+D YB ! : 0 ! ! 2 )B )I+D )I+J )I+R )I+= I YI+= YI+R YI+J YI+D YB )B )I+D )I+J )I+R )I+= I YI+= YI+R YI+J YI+D YB ! ! 2 )B )I+D )I+J )I+R )I+= I YI+= YI+R YI+J YI+D YB )B )I+D )I+J )I+R )I+= I YI+= YI+R YI+J YI+D YB ! : 0 ! !! !!! !? ? ! !! !!! !? ? ! !! !!! !? ? ! !! !!! !? ? ! !! !!! !? ? ! !! !!! !? ? "1 A3 ! : 0 8 % * 7 + B =+ B =
MI . 0"1 A+ + @ 0+ = + # ! !!!+ " )9) 4 3 0 + 8 B+ ! !!+ !? ? 8 =+ 7 9 !!+ !? ? 5 !!! ( , " + + B = 8 B+ 4 !+ !! !!!+ ?+ !? 8 =+ !? ? B = + 5 / 0 8 B 9 !!! 9 ? 8 =+ 3 8 =+ 0 !? 5 ( , " 9
& # &! " % & &" & & ; ! ( . % 0 & " # & 0& & ( , " & # )
D2G & ," !& # ) "& %& .+ !0' % & R % & #% # " %& !&"% & & !," % & . % & !&"% - # &3
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8 8 # # @ 7 @ H " 5 5 H " #+ # 2 5 7 0 + . R=M + R 8 #+ # 2 3 8 + . # $ B =I M= A: . B B RI >C A8 $ = MJ JD 2:9 . = = JI CI 26 ' 2A? :98 9:6 8 8 B 8 = @ 9 9 8 8 8 = 8 04 8 0 8 7 # 8 B+ 0 5 8 B " #+ # 2 " 7 "N " " + # 8 B =+ 8 5 0 " 0 8 B " # 5 5 K 5 " 5 K 0 0 8 BM=
?B =
8 7 + 0 K 5 5 + # # @ + + YI DI YI DD =+ #+ # 29 # # 8 # 5 0 #+ 9 0 B = " B+ YI SS YI DM #+ # 29 # #+ " 0 + " B " = #+ # 293 # #+ I R " B ZS= " = ZB=R 0 (", 2 $ I M $ = $ R I M = (", : $ I M $ = $ R I M = $ I M 3@6 $ I M 3@6 $ = 3@ $ = 3@@ $ R 3@ $ R 3@? I M 3AA I M 3@ = 3@2 = 3@9M>
?=
?= B
? = B B 8 B = & . 5 #+ # 26 0 &j . BI+S[ 8 = #+ # 263 % * 7 + 0 BI & . & . $ B $ = &\ . B> RJ &Z . = R &j . M J =I MJ 8 8 B #+ # 26 8 8 + 5 8 = ?= B = 8 = MJ + + RJ + " )9) 5 0 0 &\ . #+ # 26 " )4 0 5 % * 8 = 0 5 = @ #+ # 2? 0 + 5 0 + 0 0 )' W # ] + ) ) + + " 0 + " 9 CM[ ) " , 4 68 9 :;";6% # # 9 MI I M I M + D[ I M I M YI DBMR " . YBM[ MM[ % 0 )B= S[ =I[ . % , + 8 2 0 % Y . , 4 <8 9;";6: :;";<% # I 9 R $ I M+ $ = $ R 5 8 , 4 6;8 9;";<: :;"6;% I M = = 9 # = 5 % * 9 + =I 7 5 + 9 7 ) . 0 8 03 B / . + 5 0 # + " )9) 5 0 9 5 "
% &" % "% .! "#" $ & 0& # ) & & % !0! % " . % ; S & &H! #1 !&"% - D . "& % 9 . (# G & # . % &
MM #+ # 2?3 & " 0 0 % * 7 =+ &\ . )' ]+ 5 " " W # 0 M[ BI[ 0 ) ! CM[ ! CM[ 8
? I+BSS )I+S D+S C+R )B+D I+> I+JC
? I+BSM )B+S D+M BI+= )R+B I+D B+IR
36 P 9 @ @ :: @ =+J B>+R 2
I M [ I+SDI )I+M C+I C+M )R+I >+I )I+SJ
36 P : @ 9 :6 2A >+= B>+J @@
I M [ I+CSB )I+= =B+S =B+R )C+> D+C I+SC
= [ I+=S= >+D >M+D >=+B )>+IR BI+MR I+MD
$%& ' ( ) * + , ( )- ,, ). .
$% ' +- + . - + ) . . *
) I+SJJ B+= CD+I CJ+D )J+JC C+I> I+BB
) I+C=J I+R >IM+S >IM+> )D+>D C+=I )I+ID
/ ) ++ * ,+ - *- ( ) - -. * ) (
& P H2: A :2 ? 9 )=I+C )R+J H :
& P 26 66 2 9 2 M+J =R+M 6
$ I M [ I+=DS >+= =>+> =I+B )=+S C+I )I+RI
$ I M [ I+=>C )=+> J+B D+R )J+B B+J I+DM
36 P :6 6 9 2@ 6 2 2 I+S BI+B :?
$ I M [ I+RRJ )>+= BC+= ==+> )BB+R M+B )I+MM
$ I M [ I+BMD )M+R C+S BM+B )B=+C =+= )B+BI
$ = [ I+BBD R+S =J+R =B+S )B+= BI+J I+RJ
$ = [ I+>>D )B+> M+R J+S )R+I B+R )I+=B
: P 9A 6 @ :: @ 2A I+B BB+J ?:
$ R [ I+==J R+I >R+I >I+I )=+J BI+J I+BJ
$ R [ I+B>I )=+S S+= C+D )J+B I+D )I+BM
9 P 6 ? ? :8 2 :: ? I+M B=+S :2
[ I+M=> =+> JI+= MS+C )R+C C+R )I+=M
[ I+>=B )=+R BS+J =I+I )S+= =+R I+BS
[ I+BMS R+C RM+R RI+M )B+C BB+S I+=S
2 aH I+DCR )I+BR BM+B BM+= )=+> =+I I+BR
2 aH I+DJM I+BB >+C >+D )B+= B+R I+BD
2 aH I+D=B )I+=M BB+= BB+R )=+M =+I I+>J
2 aH I+J>M I+BR B+D B+J )I+M I+S )B+BB
2 0 aH I+MSD )I+=M B+M B+S )B+B I+J )I+B=
2 aH I+BJ= I+=I I+S I+M )I+B I+M B+B>
2 aH I+CRD I+IM M+B M+B )B+J B+S I+DB
2 0 aH I+CJD )I+I> R+C M+I )B+S B+J )I+>R
01 23 ) , . ) ) ). *
[ 0 [ I+CMJ I+> RC+M RC+= )BI+> BI+C I+ID
[0 [ I+CRM I+> >C+I >D+S )D+C C+M I+RD
MJ 0 0 5 % * = @ 5 0 0 9 M 7 5 8.! #+ # 2A M 7 > 0 # 9 MI I M 9 7 ? % " . + 0 ? + 0 ? 0 9 7 ) I M # I M + % % 0 I M 5 + #+ # 2?+ L #+ # 2A3 7 0 % * 7 =+ &\ . @ .! + # 5 [ 0 7 ^ 0 7 .! # 5 [ B Y I M ) % ) ? MB JR BD SB =C >R[ = ) % Y I M ) ? MB B= BC == >I BR[ > ) % Y I M Y ) MI RJ BC DC >B BC[ R Y . Y I M ) ? M= MJ BS SD =S DD[ M Y . Y ) Y I M MB C> BD R= =D DC[ 7 p q J> SS+ RJ 0 7 > 0 + 0 0 R> RJ)> # 7 + # 5 =S[ >B[ #+ # 2A+ 5 0 Y ) 5 0 5 Y 0 0 ) 3 # + I M + #+ # - 2? 2A 9 7 F 5 "9 M 9 5 " # 0 " )9) 9 H # 5 7 0 9 0"1 8 ^R+ 5 8 @ " Y . + # 9 MI Y I M + 0 ) ? 0 " M[ ' + Z)B >SBD+ ZI BSS+ #+ # 2? + 7 ^R 8 0 0"1 @ + 5 8 F 9 8 5 # 8 7 0
MS ? 0 ? 0 ? 0 ? 0 / & . S C BB ? 0 ? 0 ? 0 ? 0 / & . & . S C BB S C BB "1 @3 ? 0 R % * 7 =+ &\ . % 8 . 0 7 # 5 % * )' 0 + ZI RJIJ+ ZI JM . 0 9 0 % SM[ " = + 8 , 9 # ) 4- = . 9>* > - ;"< ,4 %" #+ # 2@+ 7 ^R 5 5 G # 8 # 8 YI S>
MD #+ # 2@3 5 0 7 ^R Y. Y I M )? % * 7 8 = @ + + + " 4 ) 9 0 " 9 CM[ 0 ' CM[ & . Y= DJ B >I Y= =I 23 YBI[ eB I>< B S=f # jI M I M YM BR = RB Y= BR 3AA )M[ eI JB< I CDf ? 0 ? )I BC I BI )B DS 3@ YB eI JD< B IBf # # 9 MI + 9 8 5 0 0 ? 7 " " #+ # 2@ 5 % * @ B 5 " BI[ " + "BH> 5 8 9 + = 5 " 0 M[ # jI M =>[ 9 + 5 > 9 5 0 "B + 9 0 " BS[ , ? $ 9 $ @A% 9>* > - ;"< ,4 % 0"1 8 0 7 0 3 L M .a 3 8 LO 3 " " N 9 " 4 7
MC I I I = I R I J I D B I I B = > R M
b
L M I I I = I R I J I D B I I B = > R Mb
L M "1 83 2 5 7 ^R % * 7 =+ &\ . @ `_a b+ 9 `c 7 0 + 7 + `c jI M ' 7 N\I = + 9 7 # 7 B 9 = bjI = H `c \I S `c 0 M 7 7 8.! , * $ =7 + 0 7 " 0 0 + . YI RJ + # " 3 0 + ) # 9 MI + Z)I MM 0"1 2 5 0 $ I M " M[ )' 0 + ZI RM+ #+ # 2? + 0 7 5 ) # 9 MI 9 5JI )SM[ )MI[ )=M[ I[ =M[ MI[ & ) # jI M )D )R I R D ? 0 "1 2 3 0 ? ) # 9 MI $ I M 0 % * 7 =+ &\ . + " 9 CM[ 9 " 0 " =+ 9 # &+ . #+ # 28 + 5 G &j . + 8 )9) 5 BI 5 !!> B + #+ # 283 7 7 % * 7 = & . + + 7 # 5 [ 7 # 5 [ &\ . 9? 7 ^R @ Y . Y I M ) ? J> SS 2A3A@ D:A3@@PG 0 &\ .Y &Z . 6 RJYR Y I M Y . ) ? JC >B BD CM =S >=[ &\ .Y &j . 62 RJYM Y . Y ) ) ? SI SI BJ =S => IB[
&\ .Y &Z .Y &j .
66
RJYRYM ) ? Y I M Y . SJ =M
BR BD BD JI[
JB 0 + + . ? 4 + " 4 " 0 7 5 I M 0 5 M[ " ) 7 Y . Y ) ) ? + + 7 ^> #+ # 2A + # 5 ! 8 G 8 7 5 &\ . + 7 ^> @ ) % Y I M Y ) # 5 >B BC[ =S DD[ 7 ^R Y. Y I M )? + 7 5 M 7 #+ # 2A 0+ + # 5 4 # =S DD[ # 5 7 ^R+ / 0 5 5 p 0 q &\ . # 5 ?= B > 8 B " 0 Z=I " 7 5 G &\ .+ " 9 ZB> 5 5 5 4 " = 49 #+ # : 0 8 B @ 0 M[ 0 7 0 8 = #+ # : 3 & 0 8 B 0 7 " =+ % * 7 B+ &\ . )' ] 5 " " W # 0 M[ BI[ " 0 ) ! CM[ ! CM[ 8
? I+MBC )I+C BB+= B=+I )>+J B+C I+ID
I M] [ I+BC> S+R =J+R BC+I ) ) B+>J
$% 5+1 ' ** , ., . ) ) . ((
"& H "& . 96 H6 2 @A A 29 @ H2 9 A H2 9 H 8
% ] [ I+SMB I+= >M+J >M+R ) ) B+II
. [ I+SSJ )=+C >R+D >S+S )=R+M BD+S )I+BI
& 36 P : :: A ? 6 2 8 @ 92 ? ?A
: P : 2 : :A 2A 2 2 8 2@ 6 :?
J= 0 5 B+ ZB> 3 9 7 ) @ 9 7 + 9 0 " = 8 = # 9 7 ) # 9 MI $ I M " =I[ + 5 " =+ 0 " # # I M = @ $ = $ = + + " = 0 0 7 ^R #+ # 2A =+ &\ . 0 4 + 0 # # 9 MI I M + " + " 5 9 0 " = 3 0 ? + @ " 5 9 0 " = 3 . % + " & 5 0 8 B 5 8 = 0 ? 0 ? ) # $ I M " = 0"1 2 8 B+ 0 Z)I SI ?= B R 7
D2G & 0& # ) % % #% ; & # ( &= <" & & % # & < % # % &<! "1%#% & "&"' & <# # % " "&#% , . % & ."H
"1% - .. " % D % #% %0" .! & : (", &G3
D:G & 0& ( ( % # . % & &H! #1 !&"% - & !, ! = < % , ; #, & & "00! % & , . % & !&"% - % 9 . (# 3 % #% & %0" .! # , . % <#"1 " & # & $ & ,# "#+ &5% (! "= & &H! #1 !&"% -3 % . !. % & # . %
, 0 " & . & & !," ! & & & 0 . % ! ! #,
, . % 0 " % : 9 . (# 3
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J>
?= =
?= = B " 5 0 = 0 7 #+ # :2 " B+ 0 # 5 @ & @ . " #+ # :23 % * 7 0 BI & . &+ . B = &\ . RI RC &Z . ) D &j . ) > RI JI ?= = = " B " ZRI 0 5 B @ #+ # :: , 5 68 9 :;";6% ;"< ) # $ I M G ) # " B=[ 9 # ) # = 0 B> >[ =M M[ 0"1 2: , - <8 9;";6: :;";<% # 9 MI I M BI # = + # = I M = BB[ + S =[ = 0 @ =+ = YI SR # I M = $ = + = R $ R+ @ $ R . " YB>[JR 0 ? @ 0 5 " 0 0"1 22 + 9 " + M[+ + BI[ 3 9 "/ + 0 " ? 0 ] ? 0 ] ? 0 ? 0 / M J S D C BI & . ? 0 ] ? 0 ] ? 0 ? 0 / M J S D C BI & . & . & . "1 223 ? 0 R % * 7 B ] 5 M[
JM I[ =I[ RI[ JI[ DI[ BII[ [ & . ) # & . 0 I[ =I[ RI[ JI[ DI[ BII[ [ & . ) # & . 0 I[ =I[ RI[ JI[ DI[ BII[ [ & . ) # & . 0 & . ) # & . 0 I[ =I[ RI[ JI[ DI[ BII[ [ & . ) # & . 0 I[ =I[ RI[ JI[ DI[ BII[ [ & . ) # & . 0 I[ =I[ RI[ JI[ DI[ BII[ [ & . ) # & . 0 & . ) # & . 0 "1 2:3 * ; 9 ) # $ I M 8 0 $ I M 9 MI & . + " B ]] 5 B[ 0 ; 0 MI[ B >7 5 + " 9 CM[ 5 9 K 0 9 B M " 5 + # 0
) $ #%& # & " . % & # # ! "& "= & & + T & ; . & # ( & % " % "= & ; & # 0"1 2: % & % #& ! ! ! &3
0"1 2:+ ) # 0 +
= 0
8 5 8 BI[+ 5 9
JJ #+ # ::3 & " 0 0 % * 7 B )' ] 5 " " W # 0 M[ BI[ " 0 ) ! CM[ ! CM[ 8 /7 . :9 H2 @ ? ? @ 9 H 9 H : H 6
? I+RSI )I+D J+C S+S )>+I B+R )I+BS
36 P 9? ? 6 : :@ 8 2 2: 9 9@ I M [ I+=>D =+J B=+M C+C H2 @ A 2 I+CD $% 5+ ' * - , ( , - ) - . -I M [ I+JSB )B+J =B+B ==+S H8 ? 2 )B+BR : P 22 22 2 ? 9 :6 9 : A 28 6 H :6 = [ I+BCB R+> BB+= J+C H: 2 8 )I+= : P :6 A : :A 6 : 8 2 9 @6
r I+>=I J+> BBB+> BIM+I )J+> BD+D )I+=R
/ 6 , ).. + . ) - . ( +
r B+III I+I SD+D SD+D )=I+> =I+> )I+CB
% ] [ I+=C> >+D =D+S =R+C ) ) 2 A? & P 22 2 9: 9 :8 9 : :: @ ?A $ I M [ I+BB= >+R BD+D BM+R H @ A ? )I+=R $ I M [ I+R=> B+= S+C J+D H2 @ 9 : I+BB $7 5+ ' (+ .- .. . ) + ( , & 36 P ? 2: : 2 :6 6 H: @ H A H2 2? $7 5+ ' , ). - . * ) . , .. : P 9 6 @ :9 6 2@ @ 22 : H A2
$ = [ I+BBB >+R BI+B J+J H @ A A )I+R>
$ = [ I+==C =+J BM+C B>+> H2 A A I+RS 9 P 26 A 9 :9 8 2A 6 2 6 2 : :2 09 P :? 6 8 2? A 2 @ @ 22 2 6A $ R [ I+B>S =+C BI+R S+M H2 ? 8 B+RB [ I+BBC S+D MB+J R>+D )=+B BS+S I+R 23 (+ . , . ( ) - . (
2 aH I+DCJ I+B >+> >+= )B+R B+J )I+DM
23 ( . ( , + . ) ( (
2 aH I+SIB I+= =+I B+D )I+D B+= )I+JJ
2 0 aH I+R=M )I+= B+B B+R )I+D I+R )=
2 ] aH I+CJM I+= I+> I+B ) ) 9 6?
2 aH I+=CM I+R =+B B+S )I+R B+= B+=S
2 0] aH I+==D B+= >+D =+S ) ) 2 8
2 aH I+RRC I+> I+J I+R )I+M B+I )=
[ 0 [ I+>=D )J+M >D+= RR+S )BC+J J+S )I+>R
[0 [ I+==C J+D >M+S =D+C )R+R BD+I I+JD
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eI MR@I C=f ) # jI M $ I M ) S >B > II )= RR 3?8 YM[ eI M=<I C>f = R $ R Y J ID > => YB DD 3A9 )M[ eI MR<B IBf
JD 9 G ! ) # 0 9 MI 9 " 5 0 #+ # :9 5 @ B 0 ? 0 @ 0 8 J J + = 5 " 0 "B + 9 0 >I[ = + ) # B>[ 9 MI + = 5 5 0 #+ # :: M[ ) #+ >B[ 5 " > ) $ R =H> # 0 + =M[ 9 G = R + J[ " 0 M[ 0 " "BHR 5 " 9 , / 0 $ @ 6 9, 4 , ;"< > A% 1 @ " 7
0 @ ? ZYC II+ $ I MZ $ RZI[ " )9) 5
" G 7 0 ) # I[+ = M[+ 5 ! 0 + 5 " 7 4 # 5 5 " 9 + " " I I I = I R I J I D B I I M BI BM =I =M
b
L M I I I = I R I J I D B I I M BI BM =I =Mb
L M "1 2 3 2 5 7 ^B % * 7 " B @ `_a b+ 9 `cJC 1 0"1 2 + =7 + bZI >R + 0 5 ? 7 ? Z)C =M + 0 7 0 + B M = 0 9 7 0 7 0 9 # 5 5 8 9 ! 8 8 5 9 8 , 8 4 . ;"< 7 , . <; , 7 A 9> - 7 , ;"< > A% #+ # :63 5 0 7 ^= Y = ) $ I M Y R % * 7 " B @ + + + 4 ) 9 0 " 9 CM[ ? 0 ' ! CM[ # I M 9 = = Y D DC > JS Y = R= 3?9 )M[ eI RM<I C=f & ) # jI M $ I M ) M DS = MS ) = =C 3A6 YM[ eI MD<I CJf & = R $ R Y S MD > D= Y B CD 3?@ )M[ eI RS<B IIf ! + # I M = 0 = 0 = 0 $ I M R 5 = ? $ R 5 9 7 ^B 7 ^= " B+ 0 I M = =S M[ + S =[ 5 " " #+ # :6 5 @ B 0 # = M[ " BH> 5 " 9 = ) # M[+ 0 + " 0 =M[ > ) 0 M[+ 9 0 " B > " + 5 9 0 " = 7 #+ # - :9 :6 + " 5 " 0
SI , ? $ @7 9> - 7 , ;"< > A% I I I = I R I J I D B I I = R J D
b
L M I I I = I R I J I D B I I = R J Db
L M "1 293 2 5 7 ^= % * 7 B @ `_a b+ 9 `c 7 ^B+ = # 5 bjI = + `_a 0 0 5 7 ^B + 0"1 29 = ZY=>[+ $ I MZY>M[ $ RZ)=>[ 1 0 >+ =+ 5 0 7 " 0 9 9& # &! " % & &" & & # & 0& # ) % ! ! D! ! 2G
, . % & ."H "1% - ; . "%& 6 . & D & 36G & # ,# "#+ # & &"1%"0" # ", # &! " % & &" & & 0 & 2 ! !3 &
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D G & 0& ( ( % # &&" % + % , D0 " G #%& & &H! #1 D % : 9 . (# G # && & &" &3
SB ?= = > " = " JI + " =+ RC &\ . #+ # :2 + " )4 9 " 0 0 5 % * = @ #+ # :? , - <8 #+ # :? # # 9 MI I M I M 0 BI + BB[ ' + Z> BI)> # # 0 I M = = = 0 " BI[ BI & # RJ J[ = I M+ = I M YI DI 7 #+ # :? I = BI " 7 # G K
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# [ "1 263 * ; 9 # # 9 MI I M I M = = & . + " = / 0 0"1 26 9 0 5 = I 9 I M I M 9 =S= 0 ? 0 "B J 0 5 0 # 0 + + 9 "/ 0 5 0"1 2? 8 " 0 + " 5 7 S D C BI BB ? 0 ] ? 0 ? 0 ] ? 0 / & . S D C BI BB ? 0 ] ? 0 ? 0 ] ? 0 / & . & . "1 2?3 ? 0 R % * 7 =+ &\ . ] 5 M[ + # #+ + > @ I 9 I M $ I M+ $ I M + I M 9 = $ =+ $ = = 9 R R+ R # = R " ' + ZI IDR + 5 ' " = 5 0 # I M = $ = =D B[ BS[ 5 5 " '+ ZBI)R+ #+ # :?
"00! % , & # & ". #% = < % #" +& ,! & & "00! % & R - %%! & #" !& % ! ! .. % (", 3
S> #+ # :?3 & " 0 0 % * 7 =+ &\ . )' ] 5 " " W # 0 M[ BI[ " 0 ) ! CM[ ! CM[ 8 /. . ? H2 ? @ 6 2 2 H: A H 6 H2 2:
? I+CSI I+I D+S D+D )=+= =+= I+BR
36 P 22 9 9A A ? 9 2 2@ ? ::
I M [ I+SB> )B+I B>+D BR+C )J+J R+M I+BC
36 P 2 A @ :9 6 ? 9 : : H 2
I M] [ I+>RB B+C C+= S+> ) ) >+RB
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= [ I+JDJ B+B B>+M B=+R )R+= J+R )I+BC
: P 29 8 2 9 A :6 @ 2 8 2? 99
r I+CBC I+R BIM+> BIM+I )J+M S+= I+BC
r I+SJB B+= >=B+I >BC+D )J+J C+I B+>=
r I+JJC )R+> DR+> DD+J )=R+> BM+S )I+IC % [ I+J>I )=+R =>+= =M+J )B=+> S+M I+>S 9 ' , ( -, ( -. ). - .* * ) * 36 P 22 28 A @ A 6 : 2? 8 2 9 $ I M] [ I+JIC I+D J+> M+M ) ) B+MB 36J P : @ 6 2 9 9 8 H H 2 A@ $ I M [ I+>>B )>+= B>+> BJ+M )C+J >+> )I+=D ( 36 P 29 H8 : 8 : 2@ 9 H2? 6 H2 8 H2 2 : P 2 2A : :@ 2 22 8 9 :6 2 ::
$ = [ I+BSD >+= D+C M+M )B+M D+I I+B>
: P : 29 : 8 A : A 2 :2 2 :6
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$ R [ I+MRM )B+C BI+D B=+S )D+B R+> )I+>D
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[ I+DCS I+J BS+J BJ+C )D+C BI+B I+RJ
[ I+BBB D+R R>+S >S+R )=+I BD+S I+>C
2 aH I+BJM )B+R B=+D BR+= )>+R I+J )I+BB
2 aH I+=>C )I+S B+C =+J )=+I I+M I+BM
2 aH I+J=I )I+J BI+C BB+M )=+D B+S )I+R=
2 aH I+=RR )I+J B+= B+S )B+J I+R )I+SI
2 0 aH I+RSC )I+= I+S I+C )I+D I+R )I+RS
2 ] aH I+>SB I+B I+B I+I ) ) M+ID
2 aH I+SI> )I+> M+B M+R )B+C B+> )I+>I
2 0 aH I+RDC I+R R+R R+I )I+D B+J )B+IR
2 ] aH I+BSR )B+I B+B =+B ) ) )=+CS
[ 0 [ I+D>S )B+> M=+J MR+> )BR+= BB+J I+I>
[0 [ I+RB= >+D >M+C >B+C )M+R B=+C )I+>D
SR , - <8 #+ # :? 0 $ I M = 0 5 " + C[ BD[ 5 " + 5 M[ ' + ZI IMB = 7 0 + $ I M+ Z )I MM 0 0 0 # 5 # 0 8 @ 5 + 7 0 0 0 5 % * = @ 5 " " " )9) &\ .+ RC ) + 9 " 0 #+ # 2 7 + " = #+ # :A 7 > 0 # 0 @ $ = # I M = # > 7 >7 0 I M # 9 MI 7 ^B+ $ R+ # ) = R 7 ^=+ ? + 0 7 ^> 7 JS C> RC 0 > # 7 #+ # :A3 7 0 % * 7 = @ .! + # 5 [ 0 7 ^ 0 7 .! # 5 [ B Y $ = Y I M Y RD DJ =M JB >S SI[ = Y $ = Y $ R Y RC MM =R CB >J JS[ > Y $ = Y ) ? RC JM =R DB >J MI[ 7 # 5 =H> 0
SM , 8 4 . 2 . ;"< 7 . <; 9 > 7 > - < > % #+ # :@3 5 0 7 ^B % * 7 " = @ + + + 4 ) 9 0 " 9 CM[ ? 0 ? ' & ! 9 CM[ & #
I M 9 = $ = Y M IRS = I== Y = MI B JJ YBI[ eB BB< = RJf # jI M I M Y > MJ= B CBB Y B DJ B BC YM[ eI CC <B RRf Y > JD> = BRD Y B SB I D> )M[ eI JS< B I>f % * " = 9 G B # I M = + = # 9 MI BI + 0 > " N " # #+ # :@ + 5 @ B $ = 0 @ BI[ # G " 0 5 + JJ[ 5 " 9 " = = 3 # 9 MI I M + 5 " BI + " M[ =I[ " " = > + " + " = 0 M[+ 5 " " BS[
SJ , 8 4 . ;"< 7 . 7 A 9> 7 > > A% #+ # :83 5 0 7 ^= % * 7 " = @ + + + 4 ) 9 0 " 9 CM[ ? 0 ? ' & ! 9 CM[ & # I M 9 = $ = Y M CRR B CCB Y = CC B DB YBI[ eB =>< = JDf Y > SIM = BBR Y B SM I D> )M[ eI JD< B I=f & $ R # = 9 R Y > JID = BIC Y B SB B =I YM[ eI CS< B RSf ! + " $ R+ 5 7 #+ # :8 + % * " = 9 9 G # ) = R + $ = $ R " M[ # ) " =I[ 5 " " ) 8 4 . ;"< 7 9> 7 > ,4 %" #+ # 3 5 0 7 ^> % * 7 " = @ + + + 4 ) 9 0 " 9 CM[ ? 0 ? ' & ! 9 CM[ & # I M 9 = $ = Y R SBS = I=> Y = >> 23? YBI[ eB ID< = >Df Y M MJS = MII Y = => 3A? )M[ eI MC< I CSf ? 0 ? ) I =>= I BR> ) B J> 3A8 YB eI JI< B IMf 7 ^>+ 5 " 0 ? + 0 " @ ' + ZI IIJ+ #+ # :? . 0 "B " =I[ 5 " " #+ #
SS , ? B $ N I I I = I R I J I D B I I M BI BM CM BII L M 7 ^B L M I I I = I R I J I D B I I M BI BM =I N 7 ^> L M I I I = I R I J I D B I I M BI BM =M >I N 7 ^= N I I I = I R I J I D B I I M BI BM CM BII L M 7 ^B N I I I = I R I J I D B I I M BI BM CM BII L M I I I = I R I J I D B I I M BI BM CM BII L M 7 ^B L M I I I = I R I J I D B I I M BI BM =I N 7 ^> L M I I I = I R I J I D B I I M BI BM =I N L M I I I = I R I J I D B I I M BI BM =I N 7 ^> L M I I I = I R I J I D B I I M BI BM =M >I N 7 ^= L M I I I = I R I J I D B I I M BI BM =M >I N L M I I I = I R I J I D B I I M BI BM =M >I N 7 ^= "1 2A3 2 5 > 7 % * " = @ `_a b+ 9 `c 3 7 ^B ^=+ " # 9 + > 0"1 2A 5 > 7 # 5 0 " 0 b jI = 3 # 7 ^B+ 0 @ Z) BI[+ $ =Z)RS M[ I MZ)MI[ 7 9 7 # 5 " ! " 9 5 + " L 5 $ = 5 0 + 9 5 7 + > ) 0"1 2A 5 " 7 ^B@ Y $ = Y I M Y + 5 " 9 0 7 + 8 9 = + K G 5 8 + 7
SD 9 " 0 " =+ " )9) # & . #+ # 23 7 7 % * 7 = & . + + 7 # 5 [ 7 # 5 [ &\ . 98 7 ^B @ Y $ = Y I M Y JS C> :63?2 D A3A PG 0 &\ .Y &Z . 6A RCYD Y $ = Y I M Y SC I= =D RM >J II[ &\ .Y &j . 6: RCY> Y $ = Y Y I M S= IC => MI >= JI[
&\ .Y &Z .Y &j . ?
RCYDY> Y $ = Y I M Y D> BD =J JR >= I>[ 7 ^B 5 " 9 " 0 4 0+ 5 + " " # 5 " " 0 0 7 4 0+ + #+ # 2 G " + " 9 0 7 # + " 5 " 0 [ # 5 #+ # 2 + > 4 4 0 + + 5 7 0 5 + " 5 " 0 / 5 " 0 # 5 BH> 0 > 0 9 0 p q % * "
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DB
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K 0 . 5 8 ) # 0 + 8 =I[ + + + ) # B 0 ) # = + + 0 ) # 0"1 2 8 ) # 8 # 5 + 5 4 F 5 ) # + % * 5 8 + I M R ) + 8 +" #% 9 0 0 ) # + 0 % * 4 #
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# 9 7 5 B =+ " 5 4 B + = 0 # # + 5 " #+ # : #+ # :3 % * 7 + 0 BI & . # " %& % % % (", 2 (", : &\ . RB MD &Z . R S &j . S > M= JD S= B=R?> B =
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/ &\ .+ ZRB+ # #+ # A 0 5 B @ #+ # , 4 68 9 :;";6% ) # 9 MI I M # I M = = $ = # 8 C 9 BI[ = 0 7 @ >S[ =D[ 3 = 0 ZYI RI 0 5 8 9 ) @ 9 9 # # / " 7 0 9 7 BI[ + 7 7DM 7 0 2 0 9 G 0 0 5 I = I M aH , 4 <8 9;";6: :;";<% 3 0 ? @ 0 8 7 0 0"1 : 0 0 p q 9 / 0 0"1 : 5 0 & 9 0 . 0 0 5 0 9 D BI B= ? 0 & . ? 0 ? 0 / ? 0 D BI B= ? 0 & . & . ? 0 ? 0 / ? 0 ] "1 : 3 ? 0 R & . % * B+ &\ . ] 5 & . M[ # 9 MI I M = I M = 5 7 + G 0 [ 0 0 # [ 0 7 " C[ + 0 MI[ 7 RI[
DJ #+ # 3 & " 0 0 % * 7 B+ &\ . )' ] 5 " " W # 0 M[ BI[ 0 ) ! CM[ ! CM[ 8 /. . H2 2 @ 8 2 H: 2 H 2 H 2?
? I+B>> )B+R D+> C+J )>+= I+R )I+>S
36 P 6 A 9: 6 6 2 9 H A
I M [ I+BBI 2 BC+M BJ+> )S+> S+I I+BD
I M [ I+=I= 9 8 >I+> =M+R )=+D B=+J B+BB
& 36J P 6 2 2 : 9 2 H H :
: P 8 @ A ? :A A ? 2? A9
0: P 9: 9 A 2@ 9 2 A : 8 : H 9:
"& H 0 . A H2@ 8 A 2 @8 H : : H6 6 H 9
) I+MMB M+I R>R+M R=C+R )BB+C ==+I )I+=J
% [ I+>=M )M+> R>+B RD+R )BJ+B M+R )I+>S
. [ I+IJS C+B MB+= R=+B )I+S BD+C I+=S
$ I M [ I+BDC R+B >I+J =J+M )B+= J+B I+CS
$ I M [ I+BDJ =+R BM+J B>+B )B+= J+B I+RR
$ I M] [ I+DDD B+> ==+I =I+J ) ) B+S>
$ I M [ I+BBJ )J+> D+M BR+C )BR+> B+J )I+B= : P ? @ ? ? :A A : ? 29 ? 9: $ = [ I+B=S >+J BS+C BR+> )B+B D+> I+JM $ = [ I+BM> M+R =J+J =B+= )=+B B=+C I+DS $ R] [ I+CRI =+B =R+J ==+M ) ) B+>M ] [ I+BSR )B+M SM+B SJ+J ) ) B+DS
[ I+MDB )=+B >B+B >>+> )BI+I M+S )I+SI
[ I+JCJ )B+J RR+I RM+J )C+J J+M I+>C
2 aH I+SRS )I+M BS+= BS+J )>+> =+R )I+RR
2 aH I+JCC )I+M M+M J+I )=+C =+I I+==
2 aH I+CDR I+I BB+J BB+J )=+M =+M )I+>>
2 aH I+CIR )I+B >+B >+= )B+C B+S I+SM
2 0 aH I+DB= )I+= =+B =+> )B+S B+R B+BJ
01J .M (# 8 H : : 6 H H H: 9A
!
2 0 aH I+JIR )I+R R+S M+B )=+I B+= I+=I
2 aH I+BB> )B+B B+J =+J )=+R I+> )B+IJ
P + P @ 8 9@ ? 8 ? 6 2A 6 ?
[0 [ I+B>= )M+J >J+J R=+> )B>+I B+D I+RJ
[ [ I+JJB =+B JS+M JM+R )S+M BB+D )I+>S
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
