فواعل السياسة العامة العالمية وانعكاسها على دور الدولة بعد الحرب الباردة

- 1 -

@ @

@ @

@ @

@ @

@‹›©@xb¨a@òÈßbu

M@

òämbi

M

@ @

ìÔ¨a@òîÜ×

Ö

@

òîŽbîÛa@âìÜÈÛa@ë

@ @

áÓ

@

òîŽbîÛa@âìÜÈÛa

ò€ß‡Ôß@@ñ‹€€×‰ß

@

è’@ÝîäÛ

€

@À@nub¾a@ñ†b

ò€€îŽbîÛa@âì€ÜÈÛa

@Z˜—¦

ò€€€îÛë†@ñŠa†g

@ @

Çg

€

kÛbĐÛa@†a‡

Z

@ @

@

@

@

@

@

@

’g

€€

Òa‹

@

ŠìnׇÛa@ˆbnŽþa

@ @

@ðŠì’bÇ@
a@‡jÇ

@@

@

@

@

@

@

@

@@

æbj›Ë@Úëß

@ @

ä§

€€

ò“Óbä¾a@ò

@ @

@ @

k€€ÔÜÛaë@ကŽ⁄a @ @ ò€îàÜÈÛa@ò€€jm‹Ûa @ @ òîÜ–þa@ò€€Èßb§a @ @ òЗÛa @ @ Nc @ @ðŠ†bÓ @ µy @ @ ïÛbÈÛa@áîÜÈnÛa@ˆbnŽc @ @ @òÈßbu @ @òämbi @ @ b€€€€îöŠ @ @ @N†Nc æbj›Ë@Úëß @ @ ïÛbÈÛa@áîÜÈnÛa@ˆbnŽc @ @ @@òÈßbu òämbi @ @ aŠ‹Ôß@bÏ‹“ß @ @ c Ì—Ûa@åiN @ a‡jÇ @ áîÄÈÛ @ @ @ˆbnŽc @ ‹šb« @ @ ñ‹Øi@òÈßbu @ @ b“Óbäß@aì›Ç @ @ c lë‹€@ð‹¢N @ @ ˆbnŽc ñ@ ‹šb« ñ @ @ òämbi@òÈßbu @ @ b“Óbäß@aì›Ç @ @

òîÈßb§a@òäÛa

@ @

2013 / 2014

- 2 -

- 3 -

ريدقتو ركش ةملك

.ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻡﺎﻤﺘﺇ ﻲﻓ ﻲﻝ ﻩﺭﻴﺴﻴﺘﻭ ﻪﻘﻴﻓﻭﺘ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﻴﺩﻘﻝﺍ ﻲﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﷲﺍ ﺭﻜﺸﺃ

ﻻ" :ﻡﻠﺴﻭ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﷲﺍ ﻰﻠﺼ ﷲﺍ لﻭﺴﺭ لﻭﻘﺒ ﻼﻤﻋﻭ

ﺭﻜﺸﻴ ﻻ ﻥﻤ ﷲﺍ ﺭﻜﺸﻴ

ﻱﺭﻴﺩﻘﺘﻭ ﻱﺭﻜﺸ ﺹﻝﺎﺨﺒ ﻪﺠﻭﺘﺃ ، لﻴﻤﺠﻝﺎﺒ ﺎﻓﺍﺭﺘﻋﺍﻭ لﻀﻔﻝﺎﺒ ﺎﻨﺎﻓﺭﻋﻭ ،"ﺱﺎﻨﻝﺍ

ﻡﻭﻠﻌﻝﺍﻭ ﻕﻭﻘﺤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻜﺒ ﺫﺎﺘﺴﻷﺍ ﻙﻭﺭﺒﻤ ﻥﺎﺒﻀﻏ :ﺭﻭﺘﻜﺩﻝﺍ ﻑﺭﺸﻤﻝﺍ ﻱﺫﺎﺘﺴﺃ ﻰﻝﺇ

ﻰﻝﺇ ﺎﻬﺘﻴﺍﺩﺒ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻬﺘﻌﺒﺎﺘﻤﻭ ﺓﺭﻜﺫﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻑﺍﺭﺸﻹﺎﺒ ﻪﻠﻀﻔﺘ ﻰﻠﻋ، ﺔﻴﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ

ﻤﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻪﺘﺎﻬﻴﺠﻭﺘ ﻰﻠﻋﻭ ،ﺎﻬﺘﻴﺎﻬﻨ

ﺭﻴﺨﻭ ﻥﻴﻌﻤ ﺭﻴﺨ ﻥﺎﻜ ﺩﻘﻠﻓ، ﺔﻠﺼﺍﻭﺘﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺓﺭ

.ﺩﺸﺭﻤ

لﻼﺨ ﺎﻨﺭﻴﻁﺄﺘ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺍﻭﻓﺭﺸﺃ ﻥﻴﺫﻝﺍ لﻀﺎﻓﻷﺍ ﺓﺫﺘﺎﺴﻷﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ لﻭﺼﻭﻤ ﻪﺘﺍﺫ ﺭﻜﺸﻝﺍﻭ

،ﺔﻨﺘﺎﺒ ﺔﻌﻤﺎﺠﺒ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻗﻼﻌﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻡﻭﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﻡﺴﻘﺒ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ لﺤﺍﺭﻤ لﻜ

،ﺢﻝﺎﺼ ﻲﻨﺎﻴﺯ ﺫﺎﺘﺴﻷﺍ: ﺎﻴﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﺓﺫﺘﺎﺴﺃ ﺀﻻﺅﻫ ﺱﺃﺭ ﻰﻠﻋﻭ

ﻍﺎﻗﺯ لﺩﺎﻋ

ﻗﺍﺭ،

،ﷲﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ ﻱﺩ

،ﻁﺒﺍﺭﻤ ﺢﺒﺍﺭ

ﻱﺎﺒ ﺩﻤﺤﺃ ﺫﺎﺘﺴﻷﺍ ﺎﻀﻴﺃﻭ، ﺩﻴﻌﺴ ﻥﺒ ﺩﺍﺭﻤﻭ

.لﻴﺒﻨ ﺵﺒﻴﺭﻜ ﺫﺎﺘﺴﻷﺍﻭ،

ﺔﻗﺩﻭ ﻡﻬﺘﺀﺍﺭﻗ ﻥﺴﺤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﺸﻗﺎﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻨﺠﻝ ﺀﺎﻀﻋﺃ ﺓﺫﺘﺎﺴﻷﺍ ﺎﻀﻴﺃ ﺭﻜﺸﺃﻭ

ﺭﻴﻨﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻡﻬﺘﺎﻬﻴﺠﻭﺘﻭ ﻡﻬﺘﺎﻅﺤﻼﻤ

–

ﻙﺸ ﻥﻭﺩ

ﻲﻓ ﻡﻫﺎﺴﺘﻭ ﺙﺤﺎﺒﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻴﺼﺒ

.ﻪﺘﺎﻜﺍﺭﺩﺇﻭ ﻪﻓﺭﺎﻌﻤ ﺔﻴﻤﻨﺘ

- 4 -

ءادـــــــــــــــــــــــــھإ

ﺎﻤﻫﺭﻤﻋ ﻲﻓ ﷲﺍ لﺎﻁﺃ،ﻥﻴﻤﻴﺭﻜﻝﺍ ﻱﺍﺩﻝﺍﻭ ﻰﻝﺇ

ﺍﺭﻴﺩـﻘﺘﻭ ﺎﻨﻓﺭﻋ

،ﻲﺘﺍﻭﺨﺃﻭ ﻲﺘﻭﺨﺇ ﻰﻝﺇ

ﺔﻤــﻴﺭﻜﻝﺍ ﻲــﺘﺠﻭﺯ ﻰﻝﺇ

،ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﺕﻼﻴﻤﺯﻭ ﺀﻼﻤﺯ لﻜ ﻰﻝﺇ

ﺔﻨﻬﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﻼﻴﻤﺯﻭ ﺀﻼﻤﺯ لﻜ ﻰﻝﺇ

ﻲﻓ ﺩﻴﻌﺒ ﻭﺃ ﺏﻴﺭﻗ ﻥﻤ ﻡﻫﺎﺴ ﻥﻤ لﻜ ﻰﻝﺍﻭ

ﺇ

لﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺯﺎﺠﻨ

.ﻕﻓﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﷲﺍﻭ ﻊﻀﺍﻭﺘﻤﻝﺍ

ﷲﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ

- 5 -

Abbreviation

Meaning ىـنعمل

NGOs

Non governmental

organisation ةيموكحلا ريغ تامظنملا

INGO

International non governmental ريغ ةيلودلا تامظنملا ةيموكحلا

AI

Amnesty international ةيلودلا وفعلا ةمظنم

CSO

Civil Society Organisations يندملا عمتجملا تامظنم

GRI

Global Reporting initiative

دادعلإ ةيملاعلا ةردابملا ريراقتلا

GAs

Global Actor ’s ةيملاعلا لعاوفلا

G P P Ns

Global public policy network

ةيملاعلا ةماعلا ةسايسلا تاكبش

GCS

Global civil society يملاعلا يندملا عمتجملا

M N Gs

Multinational corporation تايسنجلا ةددعتم تاكرشلا

TN Cs

Transnational corporation ناطولأا ةرباعلا تاكرشلا

FDI

Transnational corporation رشابملا يبنجلأا رامثتسلاا

NSAs

Non state actors

ةيتلاودلا ريغ لعاوفلا

HRW

Human rights watch ةيلودلا وفعلا ةمظنم

N_S

The Nation_ state ةينطولا ةلودلا

SMOs

Transnational social

mouvement

ةيعامتجلاا تاكرحلا تامظنم

SMOs

Transnational social

mouvement organisation

ةيعامتجلاا تاكرحلا تامظنم ةيموقلا ربع

TOS Transnational odvocaty networks ةيملاعلا ةرصانملا تاكبش ةينطولا

G G

Global government ةيملاعلا ةموكحلا ﺏﻝﺎﻁﻝﺍ ﺩﺍﺩﻋﺇ ﻥﻤ :

- 6 -

ﻱﺯﻴﻠﺠﻨﺍ/ﻲﺒﺭﻋ ﺔﻤﺠﺭﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﻫﺎﻔﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﻫﺃ

Agenda setting and policy formulation تاسايسلا مسر و لامعلأا لودج عضو

Policy implementation تاسايسلا قيبطت Policy evaluation تاسايسلا مييقت Policy analysis تاسايسلا ليلحت Capture theory ةنميھلا ةيرظن Log_rolling ةيسايسلا ةضياقملا Civil society يندملا عمتجملا ةيموكحلا ريغ تامظنملا NGOs ةيحبرلا ريغ تامظنملا

Non _ profit organisation ةمادتسملا ةيمنتلا Sustainable development ةمادتسلاا Sustainability

- 7 - :ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﺔﻁﺨ .ﺔﻤﺩﻘﻤ ﺔﻴﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ :لﻭﻷﺍ لﺼﻔﻝﺍ . لﻭﻷﺍ ﺙﺤﺒﻤﻝﺍ .ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺤﻠﻁﺼﻤ ﺩﻴﺩﺤﺘﻭ لﻋﺍﻭﻔﻝﺍ ﻁﺒﻀ : :لﻭﻷﺍ ﺏﻠﻁﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ لﻋﺍﻭﻔﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﻁﺘ ﺕﺎﻗﺎﻴﺴﻭ لﻋﺍﻭﻔﻝﺍ ﻑﻴﺭﻌﺘ .ﺔﻴﺘﻻﻭﺩﻝﺍ :ﻲﻨﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﺏﻠﻁﻤﻝﺍ .ﺎﻬﻠﺤﺍﺭﻤﻭ ﺔﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤ :ﺙﻝﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﺏﻠﻁﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﻫﺎﻴﺎﻀﻗﻭ ﺔﻴﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤ . ﻲﻨﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﺙﺤﺒﻤﻝﺍ .ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻠﻝ ﺔﻴﺩﻴﻠﻘﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺘﺎﺴﺴﺅﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﺒﻝﺍ : ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻲﺴﺎﺴﺃ لﻋﺎﻔﻜ ﺔﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ:لﻭﻷﺍ ﺏﻠﻁﻤﻝﺍ . ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻤﻅﻨﻤﻝﺍ :ﻲﻨﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﺏﻠﻁﻤﻝﺍ .ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ لﻋﺎﻓ ﻑﺭﻁﻜ .ﺔﻴﻤﻭﻜﺤﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ ﻯﻭﻘﻝﺍ:ﺙﻝﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﺏﻠﻁﻤﻝﺍ :ﺙﻝﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﺙﺤﺒﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﻻﻭﺤﺘﻝﺍ لﻅ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﺘﻻﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ لﻋﺍﻭﻔﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ .ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ .ﺔﻴﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ لﻋﺍﻭﻔﻝﺍ ﺩﺤﺄﻜ ﺔﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ:لﻭﻷﺍ ﺏﻠﻁﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ ﻥﻭﻠﻋﺎﻔﻝﺍ :ﻲﻨﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﺏﻠﻁﻤﻝﺍ .ﺔﻴﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺩﺩﺠ ﺀﺎﻜﺭﺸ :ﻥﻭﻴﺘﻻﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺙﺤﺒﻤﻝﺍ ﻊﺒﺍﺭﻝﺍ .ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝ ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺒﺭﺎﻘﻤﻝﺍ : .ﺔﻴﻌﻗﺍﻭﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨﻝﺍ:لﻭﻷﺍ ﺏﻠﻁﻤﻝﺍ . ﺓﺩﻴﺩﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻌﻗﺍﻭﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨﻝﺍ:ﻲﻨﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﺏﻠﻁﻤﻝﺍ .ﺔﻴﺌﺎﻨﺒﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨﻝﺍ:ﺙﻝﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﺏﻠﻁﻤﻝﺍ ﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ لﻋﺍﻭﻔﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺩﺩﻌﺘ :ﻲﻨﺎﺜﻝﺍ لﺼﻔﻝﺍ ﺔﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﺩ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﻫﺭﺜﺃﻭ ﺔﻴﻤ لﻭﻷﺍ ﺙﺤﺒﻤﻝﺍ .ﺔﻴﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻊﻨﺼ ﻲﻓ ﻲﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﻲﻨﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﻊﻤﺘﺠﻤﻠﻝ ﺩﻋﺎﺼﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﺩﻝﺍ : .ﻲﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﻲﻨﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﻊﻤﺘﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﻑﻴﺭﻌﺘ:لﻭﻷﺍ ﺏﻠﻁﻤﻝﺍ .ﻲﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﻲﻨﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﻊﻤﺘﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﻼﻴﻜﺸﺘ:ﻲﻨﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﺏﻠﻁﻤﻝﺍ .ﻲﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﻲﻨﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﻊﻤﺘﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﺀﻭﺸﻨ ﺏﺎﺒﺴﺃ:ﺙﻝﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﺏﻠﻁﻤﻝﺍ ﺏﻠﻁﻤﻝﺍ .ﺔﻴﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﺡﺭﺴﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻲﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﻲﻨﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﻊﻤﺘﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﻭﺩﺃ:ﻊﺒﺍﺭﻝﺍ :ﻲﻨﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﺙﺤﺒﻤﻝﺍ .ﺔﻴﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻫﺭﻭﺩﻭ ﺕﺎﻴﺴﻨﺠﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﺩﻌﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻜﺭﺸﻝﺍ .ﺎﻬﻔﻴﻨﺼﺘﻭ ﺕﺎﻴﺴﻨﺠﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﺩﻌﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻜﺭﺸﻝﺍ ﻑﻴﺭﻌﺘ:لﻭﻷﺍ ﺏﻠﻁﻤﻝﺍ .ﺕﺎﻴﺴﻨﺠﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﺩﻌﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻜﺭﺸﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺯﻴﻤﻤﻭ ﺹﺌﺎﺼﺨ:ﻲﻨﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﺏﻠﻁﻤﻝﺍ

- 8 - ﺏﻠﻁﻤﻝﺍ .ﺔﻴﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺕﺎﻴﺴﻨﺠﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﺩﻌﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻜﺭﺸﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﺩ:ﺙﻝﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﺙﻝﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﺙﺤﺒﻤﻝﺍ .ﺔﻴﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻓﺍﺭﻁﺃ ﺎﻬﻔﺼﻭﺒ ﺔﻴﻨﻁﻭﻝﺍ ﺩﻭﺩﺤﻠﻝ ﺔﻴﻁﺨﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻑﺍﺭﻁﻷﺍ : . ﺔﻴﻨﻁﻭﻝﺍ ﺩﻭﺩﺤﻠﻝ ﺔﻴﻁﺨﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻑﺍﺭﻁﻷﺎﺒ ﻑﻴﺭﻌﺘﻝﺍ :لﻭﻷﺍ ﺏﻠﻁﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﻁﻭﻝﺍ ﺩﻭﺩﺤﻠﻝ ﺔﻴﻁﺨﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻑﺍﺭﻁﻷﺍ ﺭﻴﺜﺄﺘ:ﻲﻨﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﺏﻠﻁﻤﻝﺍ .ﺔﻴﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ :ﺔﻨﻫﺍﺭﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺕﻻﻭﺤﺘﻝﺍ لﻅ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻕﺎﻓﺃﻭ ﻊﻗﺍﻭ :ﺙﻝﺎﺜﻝﺍ لﺼﻔﻝﺍ لﻭﻷﺍ ﺙﺤﺒﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻯﺭﺨﻷﺍ لﻋﺍﻭﻔﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺔﻴﻝﺩﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﻗﻼﻌﻝﺍ : .ﺓﺩﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﻬﻨﺍﻭ ﺔﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﺩ لﻜﺂﺘ ﺭﺎﻴﺘ:لﻭﻷﺍ ﺏﻠﻁﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﻁﺘﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘ:ﻲﻨﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﺏﻠﻁﻤﻝﺍ .(ﻥﻭﻠﺌﺎﻔﺘﻤﻝﺍ)ﺔﻝﻭﺩﻠﻝ ﻲﻔﻴﻅﻭﻝﺍ ﻲﻨﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﺙﺤﺒﻤﻝﺍ .ﻯﺭﺨﻷﺍ لﻋﺍﻭﻔﻝﺍ ﺓﻭﻗ ﻡﺎﻤﺃ ﺔﻴﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﺩ ﻊﺠﺍﺭﺘ : .ﺔﻴﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﻭﺩﺃ ﻊﺠﺍﺭﺘ لﻤﺍﻭﻋ:لﻭﻷﺍ ﺏﻠﻁﻤﻝﺍ .ﻯﺭﺨﻷﺍ لﻋﺍﻭﻔﻝﺍ ﺓﻭﻗ لﻅ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻝﻭﺩﻠﻝ ﺓﺩﻴﺩﺠﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﻭﺩﻷﺍ:ﻲﻨﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﺏﻠﻁﻤﻝﺍ ﺙﺤﺒﻤﻝﺍ :ﺙﻝﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﺍﺭﺜﺄﺘ ﺭﺜﻜﻷﺍ ﺔﻝﻭﺩﻠﻝ ﺔﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﺝﺫﻭﻤﻨ .ﺔﻝﻭﺩﻠﻝ ﺔﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﺕﻻﺎﺠﻤ .ﻲﻜﺒﺸﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﻅﻨﻤﻝﺎﺒ .ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺒﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﺘﻻﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ لﻋﺍﻭﻔﻝﺍ ﺔﻜﺭﺎﺸﻤ ﻲﻋﺍﻭﺩ:لﻭﻷﺍ ﺏﻠﻁﻤﻝﺍ .ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺒﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﺘﻻﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ لﻋﺍﻭﻔﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﺜﺄﺘ ﺕﺎﻴﻝﺁ:ﻲﻨﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﺏﻠﻁﻤﻝﺍ ﺙﻝﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﺏﻠﻁﻤﻝﺍ : ﺌﻴﺒﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﺘﻻﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ لﻋﺍﻭﻔﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﻭﺩﺃ لﻴﻌﻔﺘ ﺕﺎﻴﻝﺁ ﻴ .ﺔﻴﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔ .ﺔﻤﺘﺎﺨ

- 9 -

- 10 - ،لﻜﺸﺘﻭ ﺭﻭﻠﺒﺘﻝ ﺎﺒﺼﺨ ﻻﺎﺠﻤ ﺓﺩﺭﺎﺒﻝﺍ ﺏﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﺀﺎﻬﺘﻨﻻ ﺔﻴﻝﺎﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﻤﺯﻝﺍ ﺩﻭﻘﻌﻝﺍ لﻜﺸﺘ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻗﻼﻌﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻡﻭﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﺍﺩﻴﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺩﻴﺩﺠ ﺔﻴﺴﺍﺭﺩﻭ ﺔﻴﺜﺤﺒ ﺕﺎﻤﺎﻤﺘﻫﺍ ﻲﻤﺎﻨﺘ ﺍﺫﻜﻭ ﺍﺭﻴﺜﺄﺘ ﺭﺜﺅﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍﻭ ،ﻲﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﻯﻭﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ لﺼﺤﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﻭﻁﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﺍﺭﻴﻐﺘﻝﺎﺒ ﻰﻨﻌﺘ ﺴﻨﻹﺍ لﻜ ﺓﺎﻴﺤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻼﻤﺎﺸ ﺔﻴﺘﺎﻤﻭﻬﻔﻤ ﻭ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻗ ﺔﻤﻭﻅﻨﻤ ﺝﺎﺘﻨﺇ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻰﻀﻓﺃ ﺎﻤ ﻭﻫﻭ ،ﺔﻴﻨﺎ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﻘﻝﺍﻭ ﻡﻴﻫﺎﻔﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺩﻴﺩﻌﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺘﺎﻴﻁ ﻲﻓ لﻤﺤﺘ ﺕﻨﺎﻜ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﻭﻅﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻙﻠﺘﻝ ﺔﻠﻴﺩﺒ ﺓﺩﻴﺩﺠ .ﺭﻴﻴﻐﺘﻠﻝ ﺔﻠﺒﺎﻗ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺔﺘﺒﺎﺜ ﺉﺩﺎﺒﻤ ﺎﻬﻨﻭﻜﺒ ﺎﻬﻨﺄﺸﺒ ﺩﻘﺘﻋﺍ ﻲﺘﻝﺍﻭ ،ﺓﺩﺌﺎﺴ ﺕﻨﺎﻜ ﺕﻻﺎﺠﻤﻝﺍ لﻜ لﻘﻨ ﻡﻝ ﻥﺇ ﺏﻠﻏﺃ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ لﺨﺩﺘ ﺭﺒﺘﻌﻴﻭ ﺔﻴﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻤﻭﻅﻨﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﺎﻤﺎﻤﺘﻫﻻﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ لﻴﻭﻁ ﻥﻤﺯﻝ ﺕﻨﻤﻴﻫ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺉﺩﺎﺒﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻡﻫﺃ ﺩﺤﺃ ...ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺒﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﻻﺍﻭ ﺎﺘﺒﺎﺜ ﺍﺭﻴﻐﺘﻤ ﻙﻝﺫ ﺭﺒﺘﻋﺍﻭ، ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻗﻼﻌﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻡﻭﻠﻌﻝﺍ لﻘﺤ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﺜﺤﺒﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻁﺒﻀﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻗﺎﻔﺨﺇ ﻲﻝﺎﺘﺘﻭ ﺙﺍﺩﺤﻷﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﺴﻤ ﺭﻴﻐﺘ ﻥﺃ ﺭﻴﻏ ،ﻲﻌﻗﺍﻭﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﻅﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺏﺴﺤ ﻝﺍ ﻲﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍﻭ ﻲﻠﺤﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﻴﻭﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺱﺎﻨﻝﺍ ﺓﺎﻴﺤ ﻪﺠﺍﻭﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﺩﺤﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺎﻴﺎﻀﻘﻠﻝ ﻲﺘﻻﻭﺩ ﻡﺴﺭ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﻭﺩﺃ ﺀﺎﻬﺘﻨﺍﻭ ﻲﺸﻼﺘ ﺔﻴﺍﺩﺒ ﻥﻋ ﺙﻴﺩﺤﻠﻝ لﺎﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﻉﺎﺴﺘﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻯﺩﺃ ﻥﻤ ﺩﺤﻝﺍﻭ ،ﺕﺎﻤﺯﻷﺍﻭ ﺎﻴﺎﻀﻘﻝﺍ ﺔﺠﻝﺎﻌﻤﻝ ﺕﺎﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍﻭ ﺞﻤﺍﺭﺒﻝﺍ ﻊﻨﺼﻭ ﺔﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻬﺠﻭﺘﻝﺍ ﺍﻭ ﻲﻠﺤﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﻴﻭﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﻬﺘﺎﺜﺎﻌﺒﻨﺍ ﺭﺍﻭﺩﺃ ﻥﻋ ﺙﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺍﺩﺒ لﺒﺎﻘﻤﻝﺎﺒﻭ ،ﺔﻬﺠ ﻥﻤ ﻲﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝ ﻲﻓ ﻼﻌﻓ ﻪﺴﻤﻠﻨ ﺩﻗ ﺎﻤﻭﻫﻭ ،ﺔﻴﺘﻻﻭﺩﻝﺍ لﻋﺍﻭﻔﻝﺍ ﻙﻠﺘ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺓﺩﻴﺩﺠ ﺕﺎﻜﺒﺸﻭ لﻋﺍﻭﻔﻝ ﺔﻴﻤﺎﻨﺘﻤ ﻭﺤﻨ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﺀﺎﻤﻠﻋﻭ ﻱﺭﻜﻔﻤﻭ ﻲﺜﺤﺎﺒ ﺕﺎﻤﺎﻤﺘﻫﺍ لﻴﻤ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺯﻴﻜﺭﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﻡﺎﻤﺘﻫﻻﺍ ﻀﻘﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﺇ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺩﻴﺩﺠﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻜﺒﺸﻝﺍﻭ لﻋﺍﻭﻔﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺭﺍﻭﺩﺃﻭ ﺕﺎﻤﻫﺎﺴﻤ ﺔﻋﺎﻨﺼﻭ ﻡﺴﺭﻭ ﺎﻴﺎ .ﺔﻴﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﺔﻋﺎﻨﺼ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻤﻫﺎﺴﻤﻝﺍ لﻋﺍﻭﻔﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻫﺃ ﺭﻴﻐﺘ ﻑﻭﺭﻅ ﺎﺴﺎﺴﺃ ﻪﻤﺠﺭﺘﺘ ﻊﻀﻭﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻥﺇ ﺔﻤﺴﺍﺭﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻜﺒﺸﻝﺍﻭ ﻑﺍﺭﻁﻷﺍ ﻑﻠﺘﺨﻤ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺔﻴﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﺤﺎﺴﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻡﺴﺭﻭ .ﺔﻴﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻠﻗﻹﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻠﺤﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺴﺎﻴﺴﻠﻝ ﺔﻌﻨﺎﺼﻝﺍﻭ ﺎﺒﻝﺍ ﺏﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﺀﺎﻬﺘﻨﺍ ﻊﻤﻓ ﻡﻝﺎﻋ ﻲﻓ ﺩﻴﺩﺠ ﻲﻤﻝﺎﻋ ﻡﺎﻅﻨ ﺢﻤﻼﻤ لﻜﺸﺘﺘ ﺕﺃﺩﺒ ﺓﺩﺭ ﺎﻤﻭ ،ﺎﻴﻤﻝﺎﻋ ﺎﻫﺩﺍﺩﺘﻤﺍﻭ ﺕﺍﺩﻴﺩﻬﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺎﻴﺎﻀﻘﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﺸﺘﻨﺍ ﻪﺘﺎﻤﺴ ﻥﻤ ،ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻗﻼﻌﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ لﻅ ﻲﻓ ﺭﺎﻜﻓﻷﺍﻭ ﻊﺌﺎﻀﺒﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﺎﻤﺩﺨﻝﺍﻭ ﻡﻴﻘﻠﻝ ﺩﻭﺩﺤﻤﺎﹼﻠﻝﺍﻭ ﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﻕﻓﺩﺘﻝﺍ ﻙﻝﺫ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺩﻋﺎﺴ

- 11 - ﻴﺤﺒ ،ﺎﻬﺘﺎﻤﺯﻴﻨﺎﻜﻴﻤﻭ ﺎﻬﺘﺎﻴﻝﺁ ﻰﺘﺸﺒ ﻪﻤﺩﻘﺘ ﺎﻤﻭ ﺔﻤﻝﻭﻌﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺩﻴﺩﺠﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻫﺎﻅﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺕﺩﻋﺎﺴ ﺙ :ﺎﻫﺯﺭﺒﺃ ﻥﻤ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻲﻨﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﻥﻴﻤﺎﻀﻤﻝﺍ ﺽﻌﺒ لﻤﺤﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﻝﻭﻌﻝ ﺭﻫﺎﻅﻤ لﻜﺸﺘ ﺭﻭﺤﻤﺘﻴﻭ ،ﻲﻠﺤﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ لﺎﺠﻤﻝﺍ لﺤﻤ لﺤﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻲﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﻲﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ لﺎﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﺯﻭﺭﺒ ﺎﻴﺎﻀﻗ ﺯﻭﺭﺒ ﻥﻤ ﻩﺭﻭﻀﺤ لﺎﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺩﻤﺘﺴﻴ ﺎﻤﻜ ﺔﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ لﻭﺤ ﺱﻴﻝﻭ ﺩﺤﺍﻭﻝﺍ ﻡﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ لﻭﺤ ﻭ ﺔﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺩﻭﺩﺤ ﻰﻁﺨﺘﺘ ﺔﻴﻜﺭﺎﺸﺘ ﺕﺎﺴﺎﻴﺴﻭ ﻻﻭﻠﺤ ﻡﺯﻠﺘﺴﺘ ﺔﻴﻤﻝﺎﻋ ﺕﺎﻤﺯﺃﻭ ﺕﺎﻴﺩﺤﺘ .ﺓﺩﺤﺍﻭﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻕﻴﺜﻭ ﻭﺤﻨ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺕﺎﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍﻭ ﺞﻤﺍﺭﺒﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﺤﻭﻭ ﺕﺎﻴﺩﺤﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺎﻴﺎﻀﻘﻝﺍ ﻊﻁﺎﻘﺘﻭ ﻁﺒﺍﺭﺘ .ﺔﺒﻁﺎﻗ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﺴﻨﻺﻝ ﺓﺩﻴﺩﺠ ﺓﺎﻴﺤ ﺔﻠﺤﺭﻤ ﺩﺴﺠﺘ ﻲﻫﻭ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﻘﻝﺍﻭ ﻥﺍﺩﻠﺒﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﺎﻌﻤﺘﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﻫﺎﺸﻤ ﺩﻨﻋ ﻲﻨﺎﻤﺯﻝﺍ لﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺀﺎﻔﺘﻨﺍ ﻱﺃ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﺜﻭﺩﺤ ﺔﻅﺤﻝ ﺔﻴﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﺙﺍﺩﺤﻷﺍ ﺔﻌﺒﺎﺘﻤﻭ ﺭﺎﺸﺘﻨﺍ ﺔﻋﺭﺴ ﻱﺃ ،ﺎﻴﻓﺍﺭﻐﺠ ﻪﻨﻋ ﺩﻌﺒﻴ ﺭﺨﺁ ﻑﺭﻁ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻀﺭﻷﺍ ﺓﺭﻜﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻑﺭﻁ .ﻲﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﻯﻭﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻴﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﻻﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﺭﻫﺍﻭﻅﻝﺍﻭ ﺙﺍﺩﺤﻸﻝ لﻜﺎﺸﻤ ﺭﻭﻬﻅﻭ ﺯﻭﺭﺒﺒ ﻁﺒﺘﺭﺘ ﺓﺩﻴﺩﺠ ﺔﻝﺄﺴﻤ ﺕﺤﺭﻁ ﺕﺍﺩﺠﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﺍﺭﻴﻐﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻥﺇ ﺩﻴﺩﺠ ﺕﺎﻴﺩﺤﺘﻭ ﺎﻴﺎﻀﻗﻭ ﺔﻴﺘﻻﻭﺩ ﺭﻴﻏﻭ ﺔﻴﺘﻻﻭﺩ لﻋﺍﻭﻓ ﺩﻭﻬﺠ ﺭﻓﺎﻀﺘ ﻡﺯﻠﺘﺴﺘ ﺓ ﺏﻠﻁﺘﺘﻭ ﺭﺍﻭﺩﺃ ﻲﻓ ﺕﺎﺴﺎﻜﻌﻨﺍﻭ ﺕﺍﺭﻴﺜﺄﺘ ﺙﻭﺩﺤ ﻲﻓ ﺏﺒﺴﺘﻴ ﺎﻤﻤ ،ﺎﻬﻨﻴﺒ ﺔﻜﺭﺘﺸﻤ ﻻﻭﻠﺤﻭ ﺕﺎﺠﺭﺨﻤ ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻤﺘﺠﻻﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻨﻤﻷﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﻻﺍ ﺕﻻﺎﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﺘﺸ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﻔﺌﺎﻅﻭﻭ ﺔﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﻤ ﺭﺎﺼ ﻪﻨﻷ ﻙﻝﺫﻭ ،ﺎﻬﻔﻌﻀ ﻭﺃ ﺎﻬﺘﻭﻗ ﺔﺠﺭﺩ ﺕﻨﺎﻜ ﺎﻤﻬﻤ ،ﺎﻫﺭﻴﻏﻭ ﺩﺩﻌﺘﻭ ﻉﻭﻨﺘ ﻥﺃ ﺎﻤﻭﻠﻌ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺓﺎﻴﺤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻤﺘﺠﻻﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻨﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻝﺎﻌﻔﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﻻﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻯﻭﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﻤﻀ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﻭﺩﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺕﺍﺭﻴﺜﺄﺘﻭ ﺕﻻﻼﺘﺨﺍ ﺭﻴﺜﻴﻭ ﺡﺭﻁﻴ ﺕﺎﺒ ﻲﻤﻝﺎﻋ ﻯﻭﺘﺴﻤ ﺎﻫﺩﺭﺍﻭﻤﻭ ﺎﻬﺘﺎﻴﻨﺎﻜﻤﺇ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺭﻅﻨﻝﺎﺒ ﻙﻝﺫﻭ ،ﺔﺤﺠﺎﻨﻭ ﺔﻠﻤﺎﺸ ﺔﻤﺎﻋ ﺕﺎﺴﺎﻴﺴ ﻕﻴﻘﺤﺘﻭ ﻥﻤﻷﺍ ﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺭﺸﺒﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻭﻴﺤ ﻯﺩﻤ ﻥﻋ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﺴﻔﺘﺴﺍﻭ ﺕﻻﺅﺎﺴﺘ ﺡﺭﻁﻴ ﺎﻤ ﺍﺫﻫﻭ ،ﺔﻴﻨﻘﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺩﺎ لﻅ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﺴﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺭﺜﺅﻤﻭ ﻱﻭﻗ لﻋﺎﻔﻜ ﺔﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﺩ ﺔﻴﻝﺎﻌﻓﻭ ﺭﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻬﻝ ﻊﺴﺍﻭﻭ ﻕﻴﻤﻋ ﻡﻬﻓ ﺔﻝﻭﺎﺤﻤ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺎﻨﻌﻓﺩﻴ ﺎﻤ ﻭﻫﻭ ،ﺓﺩﻴﺩﺠﻝﺍ ﻑﻭﺭﻅﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﺍﺭﻴﻐﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻯﺭﺨﻷﺍ لﻋﺍﻭﻔﻝﺍ ﻑﻠﺘﺨﻤ ﺭﺍﻭﺩﺃ ﺍﺫﻜﻭ .ﺔﻴﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔ

- 12 - ﻙﻓ ﻲﻓ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﺃﺩﺒﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺱﺴﺄﺘﻴ ﻡﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﻪﻨﻭﻤﻀﻤ ﻥﺈﻓ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﻥﺍﻭﻨﻋ ﺏﺴﺤﺒﻭ : ﻲﻝﺎﺘﻝﺍ لﻜﺸﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺤﻀﻭﻴ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ لﻋﺍﻭﻔﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺎﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﺔﻠﺼﺎﺤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﻴﺜﺄﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻗﻼﻌﻝﺍ ﺍ ﺔﻗﻼﻋ ﺭﻴﺜﺄﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻗﻼﻋ ﺔﻴﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ لﻋﺍﻭﻓ :ﻲﻨﻤﺯﻝﺍ لﺎﺠﻤﻝﺍ* ﺔﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺓﺩﺭﺎﺒﻝﺍ ﺏﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﺩﻌﺒﺎﻤ ﺓﺭﺘﻓ ﻻﻭﺃ / :ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﺎﻜﺸﺇ :ﺔﻴﻝﺎﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﺎﻜﺸﻹﺍ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﺞﻝﺎﻌﻴ تاسايسلا ةعانص يف ةلودلا رود ةيمھأ ىدم ام ةيددعت نمض ةيملاعلا ةماعلا ؟ةدرابلا برحلا دعب ام ةرتف يف لعاوفلا ﻩﺫﻫ ﻥﻋ ﺔﺒﺎﺠﻹﺍ ﺩﻤﺘﻌﺘ ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻤﻝﺍ ﻪﺒﻨﺍﻭﺠ ﻥﻤ ﻪﺘﺴﺍﺭﺩﻭ ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﺠﻝﺎﻌﻤﻝﻭ :ﺔﻴﻋﺭﻔﻝﺍ ﺔﻠﺌﺴﻷﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺩﺩﻋ ﺓﺭﺎﺜﺇ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻴﻝﺎﻜﺸﻹﺍ ،ﺔﻴﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ،ﺔﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ :ﺔﻴﻝﺎﺘﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﻫﺎﻔﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﻻﻭﻝﺩﻤﻭ ﻥﻴﻤﺎﻀﻤ ﺎﻤ ﺕﺎﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻲﻌﻨﺎﺼﻭ ﻲﻤﺴﺍﺭ ﻥﻤﻀ ﺝﺭﺩﻨﺘ ﻥﺃ ﺎﻬﻨﻜﻤﻴ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ لﻋﺍﻭﻔﻝﺍ ﻲﻫ ﺎﻤﻭ ؟ﺔﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﻴﻐﺘﻤﻭ ﺕﻻﻭﺤﺘ لﻅ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﻭﺩﺃ ﻲﻓ ﺔﺤﻴﺭﺼ ﺕﻻﻭﺤﺘ ﺩﻬﺸﻨ ﻼﻌﻓ لﻫﻭ ؟ﺓﺩﺭﺎﺒﻝﺍ ﺏﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﺩﻌﺒ ﺎﻤ ﺔﻤﻫﺎﺴﻤ ﻯﺩﻤ ﺎﻤ ﻊﻗﺍﻭ ﻥﻤﻀ ﺔﻴﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻯﺭﺨﻷﺍ لﻋﺍﻭﻔﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ؟ﺩﻴﺩﺠ ﻱﺩﺩﻌﺘ ﻲﻔﻴﻅﻭ ةيتلاودلا ريغ لعاوفلا -يملاعلا يندملا عمتجملا -تايسنجلا ةددعتم تاكرشلا فارطلأا دودحلل ةيطختملا ةيموقلا فئاظوو راودأ ةلودلا

- 13 - ﻕﻁﻨﻤﻭﺤﻨ ﻲﺘﻻﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﻕﻁﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻴﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺎﺒ لﺎﻘﺘﻨﻻﺍ ﻥﻜﻤﻴ ﻑﻴﻜﻭ ؟ﺕﺎﻴﻨﺒﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﺎﻬﺠﻭﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﻯﺅﺭﻝﺍ ﻑﻠﺘﺨﻤ ﻥﻋ ﺭﺒﻌﻴ ﺕﺎﻴﻭﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﺎﻫﺎﺠﺘﻻﺍ ﺩﺩﻌﺘﻤ ﻲﻜﺒﺸ ﺎﻴﻨﺎــﺜ / :ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻀﺭﻓ ﺘﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﻕﻠﻁﻨﺘ :ﺎﻤﻫ ﻥﻴﺘﻴﻀﺭﻓ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻨ -ﻭﻴﺭﺎﻨﻴﺴ ﺔﻴﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻫﺭﻭﺩ ﺔﻴﺭﺍﺭﻤﺘﺴﺍﻭ ﺔﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺀﺎﻘﺒ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﻬﺘﺭﺩﻗﻭ ،ﺓﺩﻴﺩﺠﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﻴﻐﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻊﻤ ﻡﻠﻗﺄﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﻑﻴﻜﺘﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﻬﺘﺭﺩﻗ ﻯﺩﻤﺒ ﻥﻭﻫﺭﻤ ؟ﺓﺩﻴﺸﺭﻭ ﺔﻤﻴﻠﺴ لﺌﺍﺩﺒﻭ ﺕﺎﺴﺎﻴﺴ ﺡﺍﺭﺘﻗﺍﻭ ﻡﻴﺩﻘﺘ -ﻝﺫ ﻥﺎﻜ ﺔﻴﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻊﻨﺼ ﺕﺎﻜﺒﺸﻭ لﻋﺍﻭﻓ ﺕﺩﺩﻌﺘﻭ ﺕﻋﻭﻨﺘ ﺎﻤﻠﻜ ﻙ ﻭﺤﻨ لﻴﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻝﺎﺘﻝﺎﺒﻭ ﻑﺌﺎﻅﻭﻝﺍﻭ ﺭﺍﻭﺩﻷﺍ ﻡﻴﺴﻘﺘ ﻭﺤﻨ ﺎﻌﻓﺍﺩ ﻼﻤﺎﻋ ﺩﻴﺩﺤﺘﻭ ﻁﺒﻀ ﺔﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﺔﻋﺎﻨﺼﻭ ﻡﺴﺭ ﻲﻓ ﺕﺎﺴﺴﺅﻤﻝﺍﻭ لﻋﺍﻭﻔﻝﺍ لﻜ ﺔﻜﺭﺎﺸﻤ ﺕﺎﻴﻭﺘﺴﻤ .ﺔﻴﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ

ﺎﺜﻟﺎﺛ

/

:ﻉﻮﺿﻮﳌﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ ﺏﺎﺒﺳﺃ

،ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻠﻝ ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤﻜ ﻩﺭﺎﻴﺘﺨﺍ ﺀﺍﺭﻭ ﻊﻓﺍﻭﺩ ﺩﻭﺠﻭ ﻥﻤ ﻲﻤﻠﻋ ﺙﺤﺒ ﻱﺃ ﻭﻠﺨﻴ ﻻ ﺍﺫﻬﻝ ﻱﺭﺎﻴﺘﺨﺍﻭ :ﻲﺘﻵﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻫﺭﻜﺫﻨ ﺏﺎﺒﺴﺃ ﺓﺩﻋ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻊﺠﺭﻴ ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤﻝﺍ :ﺔﻴﻋﻭﻀﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﺒﺴﻷﺍ ﻼﻋﺎﻓ لﺍﺯﺘ ﻻ ﺔﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺕﻨﺎﻜ ﺍﺫﺇ ﺎﻤ ﺔﻓﺭﻌﻤﻭ ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝ ﺓﺭﻴﺒﻜﻝﺍ ﺔﺒﻏﺭﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺕﻌﺠﺍﺭﺘﻭ ﺕﺠﺭﺤﺩﺘ ﺎﻬﻨﺃ ﻡﺃ ،ﺔﻴﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﺔﻋﺎﻨﺼﻭ ﻡﺴﺭ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻴﺴﺎﺴﺃ ﻕﺤ ﻯﺭﺨﻷﺍ لﻋﺍﻭﻔﻠﻝ لﺎﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻜﺭﺎﺘ ﺀﺍﺭﻭﻝﺍ .ﺔﻴﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻜﺭﺎﺸﻤﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﻴﺩﺠﻝﺍ لﻋﺍﻭﻔﻝﺍ لﻭﺨﺩ ﻥﻤ ﺙﻌﺒﻨﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﻴﺜﺄﺘﻝﺍ ﻡﺠﺤ ﻙﺍﺭﺩﺇﻭ ﻡﻬﻓ ﺔﻝﻭﺎﺤﻤ ﺏﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﺩﻌﺒ ﺎﻤ ﺓﺭﺘﻓ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﻭﺩﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﻬﺘﻋﺎﻨﺼﻭ ﺔﻴﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻡﺴﺭ ﺕﺎﻘﻠﺤ ﻯﺩﻝ ﺎﻌﺴﺍﻭ ﻻﺩﺠ ﻑﺭﻌﺘ لﺍﺯﺘ ﻻ ﻊﻴﻀﺍﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ لﺜﻤ ﺔﺠﻝﺎﻌﻤ ﻥﺃﻭ ﺎﻤﻴﺴﻻ ،ﺓﺩﺭﺎﺒﻝﺍ ﺜﺤﺎﺒﻝﺍ .ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻗﻼﻌﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻡﻭﻠﻌﻝﺍ لﻘﺤ ﻲﻓ ﻥﻴﺴﺭﺍﺩﻝﺍﻭ ﻥﻴ

- 14 - ﻲﻓﺭﻌﻤﻝﺍ لﻘﺤﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﺙﻭﺤﺒ ﺀﺍﺭﺜﺇﻭ ﻥﻴﻴﺤﺘ ﻲﻓ ﺔﺒﻏﺭﻝﺍ لﺎﺠﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻘﺒﺎﺴﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﺏﻠﻏﺃ ﻥﺃﻭ ﺎﺼﻭﺼﺨ ،ﺕﺎﺴﺍﺭﺩﻭ ﺙﺎﺤﺒﺄﺒ ﻲﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍﻭ ﻡﺎﻤﺘﻫﻻﺍ ﻥﻭﺩ ﻲﻠﺤﻤﻝﺍ ﻯﻭﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﻬﺘﺴﺍﺭﺩﺒ ﻁﻘﻓ ﻡﺘﻬﺘ ﺕﻨﺎﻜ ﺔﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ .ﻲﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﻯﻭﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﻬﺘﺴﺍﺭﺩﺒ :ﺔﻴﺘﺍﺫﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﺒﺴﻷﺍ_ ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤﺒ ﻲﺼﺨﺸﻝﺍ ﻡﺎﻤﺘﻫﻻﺍ ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺨﻻ ﻲﺘﺍﺫﻝﺍ ﻊﻓﺍﺩﻝﺍ ﺱﻜﻌﻴ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺩﻌﻴﻭ ،ﻲﻤﻝﺎﻋ ﻯﻭﺘﺴﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ لﺜﻤ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﻭﺤﻨ لﻴﻤﻝﺍﻭ ،ﺔﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﺎﺸﻜﺘﺴﺍ ﺔﻴﻐﺒ ﺯﺎﺠﻨﻹﺍﻭ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﺒﻏﺭ ﻲﹼﻨﻤ ﺕﻝﺎﻨ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻊﻴﻀﺍﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻜﺍﻭﺒ ﻥﻤ ﻑ ﻲﺘﺭﻴﺴﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻓﺎﻀﺇ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋﻭ ﺔﻴﻤﻠﻋ ﺔﻤﻴﻗ ﺕﺍﺫﻭ ﺕﺎﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺩﻴﺩﺠ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﺼﺒﺘﺴﺍ .ﺔﻴﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﺎﻌـــــــﺒﺍﺭ / :ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻫﺃ ﺔﻴﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ لﻋﺍﻭﻓ ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤﻝ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﺩﺎﻜﻷﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻫﻷﺍ ﻥﻤﻜﺘ ﺍ ﺩﻴﻔﻴ ﺎﺜﺤﺒ ﻪﻨﻭﻜ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺩﺭﺎﺒﻝﺍ ﺏﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﺩﻌﺒ ﺎﻤ ﺓﺭﺘﻓ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﺩ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﻫﺭﻴﺜﺄﺘﻭ ﻥﻋ ﻑﺸﻜﻝ ﺭﺍﻭﺩﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻴﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﺫﻴﻔﻨﺘﻭ ﻡﺴﺭﻭ ﻊﻨﺼ ﻲﻓ لﻋﺍﻭﻔﻠﻝ ﺭﻴﺜﺄﺘﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺔﻘﻴﻘﺤ ﺔﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ لﻋﺍﻭﻓ ﻥﻤﻀ ﺔﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺯﻜﺭﻤ ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤ ﺢﺒﺼﺃ ﺎﻤﺩﻨﻋ ﺎﻤﻴﺴ ﻻ ،ﺔﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ،لﻋﺍﻭﻔﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻊﻤ ﻡﺩﻁﺼﺘ ﺕﺤﺒﺼﺃ ﺎﻤﻨﻴﺤ ﺓﺩﺌﺎﺴﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺜﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﻊﻴﻀﺍﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻴﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺴﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻯﺭﺨﻷﺍ ﺕﺎﻤﻅﻨﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺌﺎﻀﻘﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺫﻴﻔﻨﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻌﻴﺭﺸﺘﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﻭﺩﻷﺍ ﻡﺴﺎﻘﺘ ﻑﺩﻬﺘ ﻲﻓ ﺩﺩﺠﻝﺍ ﻥﻭﺒﻋﻼﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ لﻋﺍﻭﻔﻝﺍ ﺏﻝﺎﻐﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ لﺎﻌﻓﻷﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻰﻝﻭﺘﺘﻭ ،ﺔﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺔﺤﺍﺯﺇ ﻑﺩﻬﺘﺴﺘﻭ .ﺔﻴﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ :ﻲﻫ ﺔﻴﺴﺎﺴﺃ ﻁﺎﻘﻨ ﻉﻭﻤﺠﻤ ﻲﻓ ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻫﺃ ﺩﺩﺤﺘﺘ ﻡﻭﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋﻭ لﻋﺍﻭﻔﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺔﻠﺼﺎﺤﻝﺍ لﻋﺎﻔﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻗﻼﻋ ﻙﻓ ﻲﻓ ﺙﺤﺒﻴ ﻪﻨﻭﻜ ﺕﺂﻴﻬﻝﺍﻭ .ﺓﺩﺭﺎﺒﻝﺍ ﺏﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﺩﻌﺒ ﺎﻤ ﺔﻠﺤﺭﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺤﻭﻭ ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻤﻝﺍ

- 15 - ﺔﻋﻭﻤﺠﻤﻝ ﺔﻴﻤﺎﻨﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﻴﺩﺠﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﻭﺩﻷﺍ ﺏﺎﻌﻴﺘﺴﺍﻭ لﻴﻠﺤﺘﻭ ﻡﻬﻓ ﻰﻠﻋ لﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻤﻫﺎﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻱﺩﺅﻴ ﻲﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍﻭ ﻲﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺡﺭﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺩﺩﺠﻝﺍ لﻋﺍﻭﻔﻝﺍﻭ ﻥﻴﺒﻋﻼﻝﺍ ﺭﺘﻭ ﺭﻘﻬﻘﺘ ﻭﺃ ﺭﻭﻁﺘ ﻯﺩﻤ ﻥﻋ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ .ﺔﻴﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﺩﻝ ﻊﺠﺍ ﺔﻠﺒﺎﻗ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺃ ﻕﻴﺭﻁ ﺔﻁﺭﺎﺨ ﻊﻀﻭ ﻑﺩﻬﺘﺴﺘ ﺔﺌﻴﺭﺠ ﺔﻝﻭﺎﺤﻤ ﺭﺒﺘﻌﻴ ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺝﺭﺎﺨﻤ ﺩﺎﺠﻴﺇ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻴﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻉﺎﻨﺼﻭ ﺔﻴﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻡﻭﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﻲﺜﺤﺎﺒ ﺩﻋﺎﺴﺘ ﺢﻴﻘﻨﺘﻠﻝ لﻜﺸﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﺩﺤﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﺎﻫﺍﺭﻜﻹﺍ ﻑﻠﺘﺨﻤ ﺔﺠﻝﺎﻌﻤﻝ ﻰﻠﺜﻤ ﺕﺎﺴﺎﻴﺴﻭ ﺕﺎﻴﻝﺁﻭ ﺩﻬﺘ . ﺔﺒﻁﺎﻗ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﺔﻴﻫﺎﻓﺭﻭ ﺔﺤﺍﺭﻭ ﻥﻤﻷ ﺍﺩﻴ ﺎﺴــــــﻤﺎﺨ / :ﺔﻴﺠﻬﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺒﺭﺘﻘﻤﻝﺍ ل ﻲﻤﻅﻨﻝﺍ لﺨﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﺈﻓ ﺔﻴﺠﻬﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺒﺭﺘﻘﻤﻝﺍ ﺹﺨﻴ ﺎﻤﻴﻓ ﻥﻭﺘﺴﺍ ﺩﻴﻓﺍﺩ لﻴﻠﺤﺘ ﻲﻓ ﻙﻝﺫ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﻓﺎﻀﻹﺎﺒ ،ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝ ﺏﺭﻗﻷﺍ لﺨﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﻭﺩﺒﻴ ﺔﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﺡﺭﺸﻭ ﻡﺎﻅﻨﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻜﻓ لﺨﺩﺃ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻭﻫ ﻥﻭﺘﺴﺇ ﺩﻴﻓﺍﺩ ﻥﺈﻓ ﻡﺘﻭ ﺍﺫﻫ ،ﺔﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤﻝ ﺔﺌﻴﺒﻝﺍﻭ : ﻲﻜﺒﺸﻝﺍ ﺏﺭﺘﻘﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻙﻝﺫﻜ ﺩﺎﻤﺘﻋﻻﺍ 1 :ﻲﻤﻅﻨﻝﺍ ﺏﺭﺘﻘﻤﻝﺍ System approach ﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺭﻅﻨﻴ ﺙﻴﺤ ﺏﺭﺘﻘﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺩﻭﺠﻭﻤ ﻙﻭﻠﺴ ﻡﺎﻅﻨ ﺎﻬﻨﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻴﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﺓﺎﻴﺤﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺍﺫﻬﻓ ،ﺕﺎﺠﺭﺨﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﻼﺨﺩﻤﻝﺍ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ،ﺀﺎﻁﻋﻭ ﺍﺫﺨﺃ ﺎﻬﻌﻤ لﻋﺎﻔﺘﻴ ﺔﻴﺠﺭﺎﺨﻭ ﺔﻴﻠﺨﺍﺩ ﺔﺌﻴﺒ ﻝﺍ ﺀﺎﻀﻋﺃ ﻥﻤ ﺏﻠﻁﺘﻴ ﺕ ﺍﺭﻴﺜﺄﺘ ﺞﺘﻨﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﺌﻴﺒﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺡﻭﺘﻔﻤ ﻕﺴﻨ ﻭﻫ ﻲﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻕﺴﻨ ، ﺎﻬﻝ ﺔﺒﺎﺠﺘﺴﻻﺍ ﻕﺴﻨﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻥﻴﻋﻭﻨﺒ ﺓﺭﺜﺄﺘﻤﻭ ﺔﻁﺒﺘﺭﻤ ﻪﻴﻓ ﻡﺎﻅﻨﻝﺍ ﺕﻼﺨﺩﻤ ﻥﺃ ﻰﻨﻌﻤﺒ ﺔﺌﻴﺒﻝﺍ ﺔﻌﻴﺒﻁﻓ ﻲﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﻡﺎﻅﻨﻝﺍ لﻅ ﻲﻔﻓ ﺱﺎﺴﻷﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻰﻠﻋﻭ ،ﺔﻴﺠﺭﺎﺨﻭ ﺔﻴﻠﺨﺍﺩ:ﺕﺎﺌﻴﺒﻝﺍ ﺘﻤﺍ ﺕﺍﺫ ﻥﻭﻜﺘ ﺎﻬﻝ ﺔﻠﻜﺸﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﻫﺭﺼﺎﻨﻋﻭ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻥﺈﻓ ﻙﻝﺫﻝ ،ﻥﻴﻌﺴﺍﻭ ﻱﺩﻭﻤﻋﻭ ﻲﻘﻓﺃ ﺩﺍﺩ ﻯﺭﺨﻷﺍ لﻋﺍﻭﻔﻝﺍ ﻊﻤ ﺎﻬﺘﻗﻼﻋﻭ لﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﻭﺩﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻑﻭﻗﻭﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻓﺭﻌﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺩﻋﺎﺴﻴ لﺨﺩﻤﻝﺍ .ﺔﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ

- 16 - 2 -:ﻲﻜﺒﺸﻝﺍ ﺏﺭﺘﻘﻤﻝﺍ _

.

Network approach ﺝﺭﺎﺨ ﺕﺎﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻊﻨﺼﻭ ﺭﺍﺭﻘﻝﺍ ﺫﺎﺨﺘﺍ ﺓﺭﺌﺍﺩ ﻊﻴﺴﻭﺘ ﻲﻜﺒﺸﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﻅﻨﻤﻝﺍ لﻭﺎﺤﻴ ﺔﻴﻤﺴﺭﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺴﺴﺅﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﺤﻠﺼﻤﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﺤﺼﺃ لﻤﺸﺘ ﺔﻴﻤﺴﺭ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﺴﻤﻭ ﻰﻨﺒ ﻭﺤﻨ ﺔﻴﺘﻻﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻜﺒﺸﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤ ﺯﺭﺒ ﺍﺫﻬﺒﻭ ،ﺕﻼﻋﺎﻔﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﺎﻗﻼﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻜﺒﺸ ﺭﺎﻁﺇ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺩﺩﻌﺘﻤ ﺕﺎﻴﻭﺘﺴﻤ ﺭﺒﻋﻭ ،ﺕﺎﻬﺠ ﺓﺩﻋ لﻋﺎﻔﺘﻭ ﻙﺍﺭﺘﺸﺍ ﻥﻤﻀﺘﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍﻭ ،ﺔﻴﻜﺒﺸﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﻭﻜﺤﻝﺍﻭ ﻁﻨﻤﻠﻝ ﺎﻓﻼﺨ ﺩﺩﻌﺘﻤ ﻲﻜﺒﺸ ﻕﻁﻨﻤ ﻕﻓﻭ ﻲﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﺝﻭﺘﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻙﻝﺫ ﻲﻓ ﻲﻝﺎﺘﻝﺎﺒﻭ ،ﻲﺘﻻﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﻕ ،ﺔﻴﻤﻫﻷﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺭﻴﺒﻜ ﺭﺩﻗ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻴﻜﺒﺸﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﻭﻅﻨﻤ ﺕﺩﻏ ﺔﻜﺭﺎﺸﻤﻭ ﻙﺍﺭﺘﺸﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺭﻤﻷﺍ ﺢﺒﺼﺃﻭ .ﻲﻨﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﻊﻤﺘﺠﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺹﺎﺨﻝﺍ ﻉﺎﻁﻘﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻤﻭﻜﺤﻝﺍ لﻋﺍﻭﻔﻝﺍ لﻤﺸﺘ لﻋﺍﻭﻔﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺜﻼﺜ :ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﺔﻁﺨ ﺭﻴﺭﺒﺘ/ ﺎـﺴﺩﺎﺴ ﺽﺭﻔﺘ ﻪﺘﻌﻴﺒﻁﻭ ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﺎﻜﺸﻹ ﺎﻌﺒﺘ ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺎﻴﺍﻭﺯ ﻥﻤ ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩ .ﺔﻤﺘﺎﺨﻭ ،لﻭﺼﻓ ﺔﺜﻼﺜﻭ ،ﺔﻤﺩﻘﻤ :ﻲﺘﻵﺍ ﻭﺤﻨﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻤﺴﻘﻤ ﺙﺤﺒ ﺔﻁﺨ ﺩﺎﻤﺘﻋﺍ ،ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤﻠﻝ ﻲﻓﺭﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﺠﻭﻝﻭﻤﻴﺘﺴﺒﻻﺍ لﺨﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﺒﺎﺜﻤﺒ لﻭﻷﺍ لﺼﻔﻝﺍ ﺭﺒﺘﻌﻴ ﺩﻴﺩﺤﺘ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﻥﺃ ﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ .ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻭ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﺴﺎﺴﺃ ﺔﻁﻘﻨ لﻜﺸﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍﻭ ﺎﻬﻴﻨﺎﻌﻤ ﺕﺎﺒﺭﺎﻘﻤ ﻊﻀﻭﻭ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﻫﺎﻔﻤ ﺕﻻﻭﻝﺩﻤ ﻡﻬﻔﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻡﻴﺭﻜﻝﺍ ﺉﺭﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﺩﻋﺎﺴﺘ ﺕﺎﺴﺴﺅﻤﻝ ﺎﺤﻴﻀﻭﺘ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﻲﻀﺘﻘﻴ ﺎﻤﻜ ،ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﺼﺎﻨﻋﻭ ﻡﻴﻫﺎﻔﻤﻝ ﻕﻴﻗﺩﻝﺍﻭ ﻡﻴﻠﺴﻝﺍ ﻩﺩﻴﺴﺠﺘ ﻡﺘ ﺎﻤ ﺍﺫﻫﻭ ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤﻠﻝ ﺎﻨﺘﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﺎﻬﻨﻤ ﻕﻠﻁﻨﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ لﻋﺍﻭﻓﻭ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﺕﻻﻭﺤﺘ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻙﻝﺫ لﺒﻗ ﺭﻴﺸﻴ ﺫﺇ لﻭﻷﺍ لﺼﻔﻝﺍ ﻲﺜﺤﺒﻤ ﻲﻓ ﻭ لﻭﺤ ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺒﺭﺎﻘﻤﻝﺍ ﻊﻀﻭ ﺓﺭﻭﺭﻀ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﻓﺎﻀﻹﺎﺒ ،ﺔﻴﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﺔﻠﺤﺭﻤ .لﻭﻷﺍ لﺼﻔﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺭﻴﺨﻷﺍ ﺙﺤﺒﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻪﻴﻝﺇ ﻕﺭﻁﺘﻝﺍ ﻡﺘ ﺎﻤ ﺍﺫﻫﻭ ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤﻝﺍ لﻭﺎﻨﺘ ﻪﻴﻓ ﺕﻴﺄﺘﺭﺍ ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻕﻤﻌﺘﻠﻝ ﺭﺨﺁ ﻻﺎﺠﻤ :ﻲﻨﺎﺜﻝﺍ لﺼﻔﻝﺍ لﺜﻤﻴ ﺎﻤﻴﻓ ﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻊﻨﺼ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﺘﺎﻤﻫﺎﺴﻤ ﺔﻌﺌﺎﺸﻝﺍ ﻉﺍﻭﻨﻷﺍ ﺎﻌﺴﺍﻭ ﺎﺠﺍﻭﺭ ﻑﺭﻌﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍﻭ ،ﺔﻴﻤﻝﺎ ﺭﻴﺜﺄﺘ ﺹﻴﺨﺸﺘ ﻡﺘﻭ ،ﻲﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﻊﻗﺍﻭﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﺴﻤﻭ ﺕﺎﻴﺭﺠﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﺘﺍﺭﻴﺜﺄﺘﻭ ﺎﻬﺘﺎﻤﻫﺎﺴﻤ ﻥﻋ ،ﺓﺩﺭﺎﺒﻝﺍ ﺏﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﺩﻌﺒ ﺎﻤ ﺓﺭﺘﻓ ﻲﻓ ﺭﺎﺸﺘﻨﻻﺍ ﻙﻝﺫ ﺕﺎﻴﻋﺍﺩﺘﻭ ﺔﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﺩ ﻰﻠﻋ لﻋﺍﻭﻔﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ .ﻪﺒ ﺎﺼﺎﺨ ﺎﺜﺤﺒﻤ لﻋﺍﻭﻔﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ لﻋﺎﻓ لﻜﻝ ﺕﺼﺼﺨ ﺩﻗﻭ

- 17 - -ﻝﺎﺜﻝﺍ لﺼﻔﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺕﻝﻭﺎﻨﺘ ﺎﻤﻜ ﺔﻝﻭﺎﺤﻤﻭ ﺔﻴﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻊﻗﺍﻭﻝ ﺎﺼﻴﺨﺸﺘ ﺙ ﻙﻝﺫﻭ ،ﺔﻨﻫﺍﺭﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﻴﻐﺘﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﻻﻭﺤﺘﻝﺍ لﻅ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻠﺒﻘﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻗﺎﻓﺁ ﻑﺍﺭﺸﺘﺴﻻ ﻭﺃ ﺭﻭﻁﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻫﻭﻴﺭﺎﻨﻴﺴ ،ﻯﺭﺨﻷﺍ لﻋﺍﻭﻔﻝﺍ ﻲﻗﺎﺒﻭ ﺔﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺔﻴﻝﺩﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﻗﻼﻌﻠﻝ ﻕﺭﻁﺘﻝﺎﺒ ﺍ ﻙﺒﺎﺸﺘ لﻅ ﻲﻓ (ﺎﻬﺘﺩﺎﻴﺴ) ﺎﻬﻔﺌﺎﻅﻭﻭ ﺔﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﻭﺩﻷ ﺭﻘﻬﻘﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ لﻋﺍﻭﻔﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺕﺎﻗﻼﻌﻝ لﻋﺍﻭﻔﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﺩ ﺡﺭﺸﻝ ﺝﺫﻭﻤﻨﻜ ﻲﺌﻴﺒﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻐﺘﻝﺍ ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤ ﺩﺎﻤﺘﻋﺍ ﻊﻤ ،ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻤﻝﺍ .ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺒﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻊﻨﺼ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻤﻫﺎﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﺠﺭﺩﻭ ﻯﺭﺨﻷﺍ ﺎﻌـــﺒﺎﺴ / :ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺒﻭﻌﺼ ﺔﺤﻤﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﺒﻏﺭﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﻼﻀﻓ ﻪﺘﺍﺫ ﺩﺤ ﻲﻓ ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ لﻭﺎﻨﺘ ﻥﺃ ﻙﺸ ﻻ ﺕﺎﺒﻭﻌﺼﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻠﻤﺠ ﺔﻝﺎﺤﻤ ﻻ ﻪﺘﻀﺭﺘﻋﺍ ﺓﺯﻴﻤﺘﻤ ﺓﺭﻭﺼ ﻲﻓ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﺯﺎﺠﻨﺇ ﻲﻓ ﺔﺤﻭﻤﻁﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ لﻘﺤ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻨﻭﺴﻜﺎﺴﻭﻠﺠﻨﻻﺍ ﺕﺎﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻡﺩﻘﺘ ﻥﺃ ﺙﻴﺤ ،ﺔﻴﻋﻭﻀﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺩﻭﺠﻭ ﻡﺩﻌﻓ ﻲﻝﺎﺘﻝﺎﺒﻭ ،ﺭﻴﺜﻜﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻜﺭﺩﻴ ﺔﻘﻴﻘﺤ ﺔﻴﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﻰﻝﻭﺘﺘ ﺓﺩﺤﻭﻤ ﺔﻴﻭﻐﻝ ﺔﻴﻌﺠﺭﻤ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﻤﻝﻷﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﺎﻤ ﺩﺤ ﻰﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺯﻴﻠﺠﻨﻻﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻴﺤﻼﻁﺼﻻﺍ ﺏﻨﺍﻭﺠﻠﻝ ﺔﻤﻴﻠﺴﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﺠﺭﺘﻝﺍ ،ﻩﺯﺎﺠﻨﺇﻭ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﺩﺍﺩﻋﺇ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻨﻬﺠﺍﻭﺘ ﺔﻴﻘﻴﻘﺤ ﺔﻠﻜﺸﻤ ﺭﺒﺘﻌﻴ ﺔﻴﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺎﻨﺘﻐﻝ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﻴﺴﻨﺭﻔﻝﺍﻭ ﺼﻴ ﺔﻴﺯﻴﻠﺠﻨﻻﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺕﺎﺤﻠﻁﺼﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﻅﺎﻔﻝﻷﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺍﺭﻴﺜﻜ ﻥﺈﻓ ﻲﻝﺎﺘﻝﺎﺒﻭ ﺩﺎﺠﻴﺇ ﺏﻌ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺎﻬﻴﻨﺎﻌﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺢﻀﺍﻭ لﻜﺸﺒ ﻥﻴﺎﺒﺘﺘﻭ ،ﺔﻴﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺎﺒ ﺔﻘﻴﻗﺩﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺘﻻﻭﻝﺩﻤﻭ ﺎﻬﺘﺎﻓﺩﺍﺭﻤ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ لﻼﺨ ﻙﺎﺒﺭﻹﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻱﺩﺅﻴ ﺎﻤ ﻭﻫﻭ ،ﻰﻨﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺨﻻ ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻤ لﺌﺍﺩﺒ ﻲﻁﻌﺘﻭ ،ﺕﺎﻐﻠﻝﺍ .ﺭﻴﺭﺤﺘﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻯﺭﺨﺃ ﺔﻴﻤﻠﻋ ﺕﺎﺼﺼﺨﺘﻭ ﻊﻴﻀﺍﻭﻤ ﻊﻤ ﻪﻠﺨﺍﺩﺘﻭ ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﻉﺎﺴﺘﺍ ﻥﺃ ﺎﻤﻜ ﺎﺼﺘﻗﻻﺍ ﻡﻭﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﺭﻏ ﺔﻓﺎﻀﻹﺎﺒ ،ﻪﻴﻓ ﻡﻜﺤﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﻪﻁﺒﻀ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﺜﺃ ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻤﺘﺠﻻﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺩ ﺎﻬﻴﻨﺒﺘ ﻥﻜﻤﻴ ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺀﺍﺯﺠﺃ ﻥﺃ ﺔﻐﻝﺎﺒﻤ ﻥﻭﺩ لﻭﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﻜﻤﺃ ﻰﺘﺤ ﺔﻋﻭﻨﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻪﻤﺎﺴﻗﻷ .ﺓﺩﻴﺩﺠ ﺙﺎﺤﺒﺃﻭ ﺕﺎﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝ ﻊﻴﻀﺍﻭﻤﻜ ﺔﻘﻠﻌﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺩﻬﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﺜﻴﺩﺤ ﺔﻴﺌﺎﺼﺤﻹﺍ ﺕﺎﻨﺎﻴﺒﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﺎﻤﻭﻠﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ لﻭﺼﺤﻝﺍ ﺔﺒﻭﻌﺼ_ ﻝﺇ ﺔﻓﺎﻀﻹﺎﺒ ﺍﺫﻫ،ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤﻝﺎﺒ ﺭﻴﺭﺤﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﺕﺄﻁﺒﺃﻭ ﺕﻠﻗﺭﻋ ﻯﺭﺨﺃ ﺕﺎﺒﻭﻌﺼ ﻰ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺎﺒﻨﺠ ﺔﻴﺭﺍﺩﺇ ﻑﺌﺎﻅﻭ لﻐﺸﺒ ﺔﻘﻠﻌﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻤﺍﺯﺘﻝﻻﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺎﺴﺎﺴﺃ لﺜﻤﺘﺘ ﻲﻫﻭ ﺔﻌﺠﺍﺭﻤﻝﺍﻭ . ﺔﻴﺜﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻤﺍﺯﺘﻝﻻﺍ ﻊﻤ ﺏﻨﺠ

- 18 -

NòŽaŠ‡Ûa@pbzÜĐ—ß@‡í‡¥ë@ÝÇaìÐÛa@ÁjšZÞëþa@szj¾a

@ @

@òŽbîÜÛ@òí‡îÜÔnÛa@òîmbŽû¾a@òîäjÛaZïãbrÛa@szj¾a

NòîÛë‡Ûa

@ @

@püìznÛa@ÝÃ@À@òî¾bÈÛa@òßbÈÛa@òŽbîÛa@À@òîmüë‡Ûa@Ë@ÝÇaìÐÛaë@òÛë‡ÛaZsÛbrÛa@szj¾a

NòîÛë‡Ûa

@ @

ZÉia‹Ûa@szj¾a

NÊìšì¾a@òŽaŠ‡Û@òí‹ÄäÛa@Ý‚a‡¾a@áçc

@ @

- 19 - :لﻭﻷﺍ لﺼﻔﻝﺍ .ﺔﻴﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ لﻼﺨ ﺓﺩﺭﺎﺒﻝﺍ ﺏﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺎﻬﻨ ﺕﺯﺭﻓﺃ ﺩﻘﻝ ﺔﻠﻤﺠ ﻲﻀﺎﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﺭﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺓﺭﻴﺨﻷﺍ ﻡﺍﻭﻋﻷﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺕﻻﻭﺤﺘﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺕﻀﻓﺃﻭ ،ﺔﻌﻴﺭﺴﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻴﺘﻭﻝﺍﻭ ﻕﻤﻌﻝﺎﺒ ﺕﺯﻴﻤﺘ ﺕﺍﺭﻴﻐﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﻻﻭﺤﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻭﻫ ﺩﻴﺩﺠ ﺡﺭﻁﺒ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤ لﺍﺩﺒﺘﺴﺎﺒ ﻱﺩﺎﻨﺘ ﺕﺎﺤﻭﺭﻁ ﺭﻭﻬﻅﻭ ﺯﻭﺭﺒ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ 1 لﺼﺘﻴ ﺎﻨﻭﻤﻀﻤ لﻤﺤﻴ لﻭﻷﺍ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺍﺫﻫﻭ ، ﺭﻴﺜﺄﺘ ﻕﻤﻋﻭ ﺔﻓﺎﺜﻜﺒ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ لﺎﻘﺘﻨﻻﺍ ﺩﻨﻋ ﺎﻤﻨﻴﺒ ،ﺱﺎﺴﻷﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﺙﺍﺩﺤﻷﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﺘﻻﻭﺩﻝﺍ لﻋﺍﻭﻔﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ لﻋﺍﻭﻔﻝﺎﺒ ﻑﺼﻭﺘ ﺔﻴﻤﺴﺭ ﺭﻴﻏ ﻯﺭﺨﺃ لﻋﺍﻭﻓ ﻥﻋ ﺙﻴﺩﺤﻠﻝ لﺎﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﻊﺴﺘﻴﻓ ﻲﻨﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﺩﻴﺍﺯﺘ ﻭﻫ ﺩﻴﺩﺠﻝﺍ ﻡﺎﻅﻨﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺱﺴﺃ ﺦﻴﺴﺭﺘ ﺏﻠﻁﻤ ﻲﻤﺎﻨﺘ ﻡﻴﻋﺩﺘ ﻲﻓ ﻡﻫﺎﺴ ﺎﻤﻤﻭ ،ﺔﻴﺘﻻﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﻭﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻭﺘﺴﻤ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺓﺭﺠﻬﻝﺍﻭ ،ﺔﺌﻴﺒﻝﺍ ﺎﻴﺎﻀﻘﻜ ﺔﻴﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻐﺒﺼﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺫ ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﻴﺩﻬﺘﻝﺎﺒ ﻲﻋ ﺎﻫﺩﺤﻭﻝ ﺓﺭﺩﺎﻗ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺔﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﺕﺤﺒﺼﺃ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺎﻴﺎﻀﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻫﺭﻴﻏﻭ ﺏﺎﻫﺭﻹﺍﻭ ،ﺔﻴﻋﺭﺸﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺎﻬﻝ ﻱﺩﺼﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺎﻬﺘﺠﻝﺎﻌﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺓﺭﻭﺭﻀ ﺕﺯﺭﺒ ﻪﻴﻠﻋﻭ ،ﺎﻬﺘﺩﺤ ﻥﻤ ﺹﻴﻠﻘﺘﻝﺍ لﻗﻷﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﺤﺎﺴﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺩﺩﺠ ﻥﻴﻠﻋﺎﻓ ﻡﺎﻤﺃ لﺎﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﺢﺘﻓ ﺔﻴﻠﻋﺎﻔﺘ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻬﻨﺎﻜﻤﺈﺒ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ،ﺎﻬﺘﺎﺜﺎﻌﺒﻨﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺩﺤﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﺍﺩﻴﺩﻬﺘﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺔﻬﺒﺎﺠﻤﻭ ﺎﻴﺎﻀﻘﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺔﺠﻝﺎﻌﻤ ﻲﻓ ﻡﻫﺎﺴﺘ ﻥﺃ ﺔﻠﻤﺎﺸ ﺓﺭﺒﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻜﺭﺸﻝﺍ ،ﺔﻴﻤﻭﻜﺤﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻤﻅﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺩﺩﺠﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﻠﻋﺎﻔﻝﺍ ﺀﻻﺅﻫ ﻥﻤﻀ ﺝﺭﺩﻨﻴﻭ ﺼﺎﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻜﺒﺸﻭ ،ﺕﺎﻴﺴﻨﺠﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﺩﻌﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻜﺭﺸﻝﺍﻭ ،لﻭﺩﻠﻝ ﻯﺭﻴﻭ ،ﺔﻴﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺓﺭ ﺱﻤﻴﺠ ﻭﻨﺯﻭﺭ ﺭﺜﻜﺃ ﺯﻜﺍﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﺩﺩﻌﺘﻤ ﻡﻝﺎﻋ ﺭﻬﻅ لﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺯﻜﺭﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻡﺌﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﻡﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﻊﺠﺍﺭﺘ ﻊﻤ ﻪﹼﻨﺃ ﺕﺎﻜﺭﺸﻝﺍ لﻤﺸﺘ ﺓﺩﻴﺩﺠ ﺩﻋﺍﻭﻗﻭ ﺕﺍﺭﺍﺭﻗﻭ ﺕﺎﻴﻠﻤﻋﻭ لﻜﺎﻴﻬﺒ ﻡﻌﻔﻤ ﺓﺩﻴﺩﺠ لﻋﺍﻭﻔﺒ ﺍﺩﻴﻘﻌﺘ ،ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻁﺍﺭﻗﻭﺭﻴﺒﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻠﺤﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻤﻭﻜﺤﻝﺍﻭ ،ﺔﻴﻨﺜﻹﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻠﻗﻷﺍﻭ ،ﺕﺎﻴﺴﻨﺠﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﺩﻌﺘﻤ ﻴﻭ ﻑﻴﻀ ﻭﻨﺯﻭﺭ ﺔﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﺩ ﻎﻠﺘ ﻡﻝ ﺔﻴﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﺤﺎﺴﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻠﺼﺎﺤﻝﺍ ﺕﻻﻭﺤﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﻨﺎﻜ ﺍﺫﺇ ﻪﻨﺃ ) لﻋﺎﻔﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻕﺒﺘ ﻡﻝ ﺎﻬﻨﺈﻓ ﺎﻴﺌﺎﻬﻨ ﺔﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻗﻼﻌﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺩﻴﺤﻭﻝﺍ ( 2 ﻕﺒﺎﻁﺘﻴ ﺎﻤ ﺍﺫﻫ ، ﺔﻴﺒﻠﺘﻭ ﺕﺎﺤﻭﻤﻁ ﻕﻴﻘﺤﺘ ﻥﻋ ﺯﺠﻌﻝﺍﻭ لﺸﻔﻝﺍ ﺕﻻﺎﺤ ﻥﻤ ﻡﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ لﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﻪﺸﻴﻌﺘ ﺎﻤ ﻊﻤ 1 ﻲﻨﺎﻴﺯ ﺢﻝﺎﺼ ، ﺩﻴﻌﺴ ﻥﺒ ﺩﺍﺭﻤ ، ﺕﻻﺎﻜﺸﺇﻭ ﺎﻴﺎﻀﻗ :ﺔﻴﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺒﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﻜﻭﺤﻝﺍ ﺩﻴﻠﺠﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺭﺸﹼﻨﻠﻝ ﺎﻨﺎﻗ ﺭﺍﺩ :ﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ) ، 2010 ( ، :ﺹ 41 . 2 -ﻑﻴﺼﻭﻝ ﺩﻴﻌﺴﻝﺍ ، " ﺓﺩﺭﺎﺒﻝﺍ ﺏﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﺩﻌﺒ ﺎﻤ ﺔﻠﺤﺭﻤ ﺕﺎﻴﺩﺤﺘﻭ ﺕﺎﻨﺎﻫﺭ ﻥﻤﻀ ﺔﻴﻨﻁﻭﻝﺍ ﺔﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ لﺒﻘﺘﺴﻤﻭ ﻊﻗﺍﻭ ﺔﻝﺎﺴﺭ) " ﻡﻭﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺭﻴﺘﺴﺠﺎﻤ ﺔﻴﺠﻴﺘﺍﺭﺘﺴﺇ ﺕﺎﺴﺍﺭﺩﻭ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺩ ﺕﺎﻗﻼﻋ ﺹﺼﺨﺘ :ﺔﻴﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ، ﺔﻨﺘﺎﺒ ﺔﻌﻤﺎﺠ ، 2010 ( ، :ﺹ 43 .

- 20 - ﻭ ،ﺎﻬﻴﻨﻁﺍﻭﻤ ﺕﺎﺠﺎﻴﺘﺤﺍ ﻥﻭﻜﺘ ﺎﻤ ﺎﺒﻝﺎﻏ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﺎﻨﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻌﻤﺘﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺡﻭﻀﻭﺒ ﻙﻝﺫ ﻰﻠﺠﺘﻴ ﻡﻫﺎﻴﺎﻀﻘﺒ لﻔﻜﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺎﻬﻴﻨﻁﺍﻭﻤ ﺕﺎﺠﺎﻴﺘﺤﺍ ﺔﻴﺒﻠﺘﻭ ﻕﻴﻘﺤﺘ ﻥﻋ ﺓﺭﺩﺎﻗ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺔﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻴﻨﻁﻭﻝﺍ ﺎﻫﺩﻭﺩﺤ ﻯﺩﻌﺘﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﻯﺭﺒﻜﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺎﻴﺎﻀﻘﻝﺍ ﺔﺠﻝﺎﻌﻤ ﻥﻋ ﻙﻴﻫﺎﻨ ،ﻡﻬﻠﻜﺎﺸﻤﻭ ﺤﺘﻭ ﺙﻭﻠﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺭﻘﻔﻝﺍﻭ ﻑﹼﻠﺨﺘﻝﺍ لﻜﺎﺸﻤ لﺤﻭ ﺔﺠﻝﺎﻌﻤ ﻰﺘﺤ ﺎﻫﺍﻭﺘﺴﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻥﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﻥﻤﺃ ﻕﻴﻘ ﺕﺎﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﻲﻓ ﺩﻭﻬﺠﻝﺍ ﻑﻴﺜﻜﺘﻭ ﺭﻓﺎﻀﺘ ﻲﻀﺘﻘﺘ ﻑﻭﺭﻅﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﺎﻴﻁﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻬﻓ ،ﻙﻝﺫﻜ ﻲﻠﺤﻤﻝﺍ ﺙﻴﺤ ،ﻊﻗﺍﻭﻝﺍ ﺽﺭﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﻫﺩﻴﺴﺠﺘﻭ ﺎﻫﺫﻴﻔﻨﺘ ﺔﻌﺒﺎﺘﻤ ﺍﺫﻜﻭ ،ﺔﻴﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻊﻀﻭ ﺕﺎﻤﻅﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﺭﻏ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻤﻝﺍ ﻪﺘﺎﻴﻝﺂﺒ ﻲﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﻲﻨﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﻊﻤﺘﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﻙﺍﺭﺘﺸﺍ ﻼﺜﻤ ﻲﺴﺘﻜﻴ ﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﺡﺎﺠﻨﺇ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻐﻝﺎﺒ ﺔﻴﻤﻫﺃ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻭﻜﺤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻤﻅﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻜﻭ ،ﺔﻴﻤﻭﻜﺤﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺩﻝ ﻕﺍﻭﺴﺃﻭ ﺔﻴﻤﻝﺎﻋ ﺕﺎﻜﺭﺸ ﻥﻤ ﺹﺎﺨﻝﺍ ﻉﺎﻁﻘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺴﺴﺅﻤ ﻙﻝﺫﻜﻭ ،ﺎﻬﺘﻴﻤﻨﺘﻭ ﺔﺌﻴﺒﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺎﻤﺤ ﻥﺃ ﻥﻜﻤﻴ ﻻﻭ ،ﻊﻴﻤﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺅﺴﻤ ﺔﺌﻴﺒﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺎﻤﺤ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺅﺴﻤ ﻥﻷ ﻙﻝﺫﻭ ،ﺔﻴﻓﺭﺼﻤﻭ ﺔﻴﻝﺎﻤ ﻙﻭﻨﺒﻭ ﻴﻤﻭﻜﺤﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﺎﻬﺒ ﻊﻠﻁﻀﺘ ﺎﻫﺩﺤﻭﻝ ﺔ 1 ﻊﻤﺘﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻤﻅﻨﻤ ﺢﺒﺼﺘ ﺓﺭﻴﺜﻜ ﺕﺎﻗﻭﺃ ﻲﻔﻓ ، ﺕﺎﺴﺴﺅﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻴﺩﺅﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺞﻤﺍﺭﺒﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﺎﻁﺎﺸﻨﻝﺍﻭ لﺎﻤﻋﻸﻝ ﺔﻠﻤﻜﻤ ﺔﻠﻋﺎﻓ ﺭﺼﺎﻨﻋ ﻲﻨﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺒ ﺭﺨﺯﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺏﺭﺎﺠﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﺍﺭﺒﺨﻝﺍ ﺔﻨﺎﺴﺭﺘ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺩﻭﻌﻴ ﻙﻝﺫ ﺩﺭﻤﻭ ﺔﻴﻤﺴﺭﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻭﻜﺤﻝﺍ ﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻠﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻜﺭﺎﺸﻤﻝﺍ ﺀﺍﺭﺠ ﻲﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﻲﻨﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﻊﻤﺘﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻤﻴﻅﻨﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺎﺒ ﺔﻘﻠﻌﺘ .ﻥﻴﻨﻁﺍﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﺸﻴﻌﻤ ﻯﻭﺘﺴﻤ ﺔﻴﻗﺭﺘﻭ ﺔﻴﻤﻨﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﺩﺨ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﻠﻤﺠﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺏﺼﺘ ﻰﻨﻌﻤ ﺩﻴﺩﺤﺘ ﺔﻴﺍﺩﺒ ﺎﻨﺒ ﺭﺩﺠﻴ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﻫﺎﻔﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺀﻭﻀﻝﺍ ﻁﻴﻠﺴﺘ ﺎﻨﺩﺭﺃ ﺍﺫﺇﻭ .ﻲﻝﺎﺘﻝﺍ ﺙﺤﺒﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻪﻴﻝﺇ ﺭﻴﺸﻨ ﺎﻤ ﻭﻫﻭ، ﺎﻬﺘﺎﻨﻭﻜﻤ ﺔﻌﻴﺒﻁﻭ ،لﻋﺍﻭﻔﻝﺍ 1 -لﺍﻭﻨ ﻲﺒﻝﺎﻌﺜ ، "ﺔﻴﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺌﻴﺒﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﻜﻭﺤﻝﺍ ﻕﻴﻘﺤﺘ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﺘﻻﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ لﻋﺍﻭﻔﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﺩ ، ﺓﺩﺎﻬﺸ لﻴﻨﻝ ﺔﻤﺩﻘﻤ ﺓﺭﻜﺫﻤ ) ﺔﻴﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻡﻭﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺭﻴﺘﺴﺠﺎﻤﻝﺍ ، ﺔﻴﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻡﻭﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﻡﺴﻗ ، ﺔﻨﺘﺎﺒ ﺔﻌﻤﺎﺠ ، 2010 ( ، :ﺹ 3 .

- 21 - :لﻭﻷﺍ ﺙﺤﺒﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﻫﺎﻔﻤ ﺩﻴﺩﺤﺘﻭ لﻋﺍﻭﻔﻝﺍ ﻁﺒﻀ :ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﻤﺎﻀﻤﻭ ﻲﻨﺎﻌﻤ ﺩﻴﺩﺤﺘ ﻲﻐﺒﻨﻴ ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻭ لﻴﻠﺤﺘ ﻲﻓ ﺀﺩﺒﻝﺍ لﺒﻗ ﺎﻁﺎﺒﺘﺭﺍ ﻡﻴﻫﺎﻔﻤﻝﺍ ﺯﺭﺒﺃ لﻌﻝﻭ ،ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤﺒ ﺔﻁﺒﺘﺭﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺓﺩﺭﺍﻭﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺤﻠﻁﺼﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ لﻋﺍﻭﻓ :ﻲﻠﻴ ﺎﻤ ﺎﻬﺘﺎﻤﻭﻬﻔﻤ ﻁﺒﻀﻭ ﺎﻫﺩﻴﺩﺤﺘ ﺎﻨﻤ ﻲﻀﺘﻘﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤﻝﺎﺒ ﺴﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ،ﺔﻴﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ . ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺎﻴ ،ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺕﺤﺘ ﺝﺭﺩﻨﺘﻭ لﺨﺩﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻑﺍﺭﻁﻷﺍ ﻲﻫ ﺎﻤﻭ ،لﻋﺍﻭﻔﻝﺍ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤ ﺩﻴﺩﺤﺘ ﺭﺍﻭﺩﺃﻭ ﻑﺌﺎﻅﻭ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻴﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ لﻋﺍﻭﻓ ﺱﺎﻜﻌﻨﺍ ﻯﺩﻤ ﻥﺎﻴﺒﺘ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻕﺭﻁﺘﻨ ﻡﺜ ﺎﻤﻫﻻﻭﺃ: ﻥﻴﺘﻴﺴﺎﺴﺃ ﻥﻴﺘﻤﻬﻤﺒ ﻡﺎﻴﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺩﺒ ﻻ ﻙﻝﺫ لﺒﻗﻭ ،ﺔﻴﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ لﺜﻤﺘﺘ :ﺎﻬﺘﻴﻨﺎﺜﻭ ،ﺎﻬﻔﻴﻨﺼﺘﻭ ﺔﻝﻭﺩﻠﻝ ﺔﺴﻓﺎﻨﻤﻝﺍ لﻋﺍﻭﻔﻠﻝ ﻑﻴﺭﻌﺘ ﻁﺒﻀ ﻲﻓ ﺕﺎﻗﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﺔﻓﺭﻌﻤ .ﺔﺴﻓﺎﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﺕﺭﻭﻁﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺘﻻﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ لﻋﺍﻭﻔﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﻁﺘ ﺕﺎﻗﺎﻴﺴﻭ لﻋﺍﻭﻔﻝﺍ ﻑﻴﺭﻌﺘ : لﻭﻷﺍ ﺏﻠﻁﻤﻝﺍ : ) لﻋﺎﻔﻝﺎﺒ ﺩﻭﺼﻘﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺭﻴﺸﻨ ﺔﻴﺍﺩﺒ actor ﻥﺎﻴﻜ لﻜ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻗﻼﻌﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ( ﺯﺎﻬﺠ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻁﻠﺴ) ﻥﺃ ﻊﻴﻁﺘﺴﻴ ،(ﻲﻝﻭﺩ) ﻲﺠﺭﺎﺨ ﻭﺃ ﻲﻠﺨﺍﺩ ( ﺹﺨﺸ ﻰﹼﺘﺤﻭﺃ ﺔﻋﺎﻤﺠ ﻭﺃ ﺏﻌﻝ ﺏﻠﻁﺘﻴ ﺩﻗﻭ ،ﻪﺘﺎﻤﻫﺎﺴﻤ ﺩﻭﺩﺤﻭ ﻪﺘﺍﺭﺩﻗ ﻕﻓﻭ ،ﻲﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺡﺭﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﻤ ﺍﺭﻭﺩ ﺏﻌﻠﻴ ﻥﻴﺫﻝﺍ لﻋﺍﻭﻔﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺩﻜﺅﻴ ﺎﻤ ﻭﻫﻭ ،ﻥﻴﻌﻤ لﻌﻔﺒ ﻥﺎﻴﺘﻹﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺎﻤ ﺭﺍﺭﻗ ﺫﺎﺨﺘﺍ ﺭﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺎﻤ ﺭﺩﻘﺒ ﻥﻭﻋﻭﻨﺘﻤ ﻡﻫ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻗﻼﻌﻝﺍ ﻡﻬﻨﻴﺒ ﺭﻭﺩﺘ ﺭﻭﺩ ﻡﻬﻓﻭ ﺔﻓﺭﻌﻤﻭ ،ﻥﻭﺩﺩﻌﺘﻤ ﻡﻫ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺔﺤﺎﺴﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻡﻬﺘﻴﻠﻋﺎﻓ ﻯﺩﻤﻭ ﻡﻬﻌﻗﻭﻤ ﺩﻴﺩﺤﺘ ﻥﻤ ﻊﻗﺍﻭﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻥﻜﻤﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻭﻫ لﻋﺍﻭﻔﻝﺍ 1 لﻋﺎﻔﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺔﻤﻫﺎﺴﻤﻭ ﺭﻴﺜﺄﺘ ﻯﺩﻤﺒ ﺔﻁﺒﺘﺭﻤ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻗﻼﻌﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ لﻋﺎﻔﻝﺍ ﺔﻔﺼ ﺀﺎﻔﻀﺈﻓ . . ﻁﻘﻓ ﻲﻨﻭﻨﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﻪﻌﻀﻭﺒ ﻁﺒﺘﺭﻤ ﺱﻴﻝﻭ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻘﻓﺩﺘﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻑﻴﺭﻌﺘ :ﻻﻭﺃ .ﺎﻬﻔﻴﻨﺼﺘﻭ ﺔﻝﻭﺩﻠﻝ ﺔﺴﻓﺎﻨﻤﻝﺍ لﻋﺍﻭﻔﻝﺍ ﺢﻠﻁﺼﻤ ﻡﺍﺩﺨﺘﺴﺍ ﺏﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻗﻼﻌﻝﺍ ﻲﺜﺤﺎﺒ ﻥﻴﺒ ،لﻴﻭﻁ ﺩﻤﺃ ﺫﻨﻤ ﻻﻭﺒﻘﻤ ﺕﺎﺒ ﺔﻴﺯﻴﻠﺠﻨﻻﺍ ﺔﻤﻠﻜﻠﻝ ﺔﻤﺠﺭﺘ ﻙﻝﺫﻭ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻥﻴﺒﻋﻼﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺙﻴﺩﺤﻠﻝ "لﻋﺍﻭﻓ" 1 -ﺵﻭﺨﺒ ﻰﻔﻁﺼﻤ ، " ﺔﻨﻫﺍﺭﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺕﻻﻭﺤﺘﻝﺍ لﻅ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﺴﺎﻤﻭﻠﺒﺩﻝﺍ لﺒﻘﺘﺴﻤ " ، ﺭﻜﻔﻤﻝﺍ ، ) ﺙﻝﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﺩﺩﻌﻝﺍ 2009 ( ، :ﺹ 86 .

- 22 - " actor " 1 " ﻱﺃ لﻭﺩ لﻋﺍﻭﻓ ﻰﻝﺇ لﻋﺍﻭﻔﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻑﻴﻨﺼﺘ ﻻﻭﺒﻘﻤ ﺕﺎﺒ ﺎﻤﻜ ،"ﺔﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﻋﺍﻭﻓﻭ ل " لﻭﺩ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺔﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﻕﻭﻓ ﻥﻤ ﺩﺩﻌﻝ ﺔﻌﻤﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﺓﺄﻴﻬﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﺴ ﺫﺨﺄﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ لﻋﺍﻭﻔﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺒ ﺩﺼﻘﻴﻭ ،" " لﻋﺍﻭﻓﻭ ،ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻨﺎﻤﻷﺍﻭ ﺕﺎﻤﻅﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤﻀﺘﺘﻭ ،لﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺔﻝﻭﺩ ﺕﺤﺘ ﺭﻴﻏ لﻋﺍﻭﻓ ﻲﻫﻭ " ﻲﻓ ﺭﺜﺅﺘﻭ ،ﺩﻭﺩﺤﻠﻝ ﺓﺭﺒﺎﻋ ﺕﺴﻴﻝﻭ ﺎﻬﻴﻝﺇ ﻲﻤﺘﻨﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﻕﺎﻁﻨ لﺨﺍﺩ لﻤﻌﺘ ﺔﻴﻤﻭﻜﺤ ﺔﻋﺎﻨﺼﻭ ﻲﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﺭﻘﻝﺍ ﺫﺎﺨﺘﺍ ﻑﺌﺍﻭﻁ ،ﺕﺎﻴﺸﻴﻠﻴﻤ ،ﺏﺍﺯﺤﺃ ﺎﻬﺘﻠﺜﻤﺃ ﻥﻤﻭ ﺔﻴﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ... ﻡﻼﻋﺇ لﺌﺎﺴﻭﻭ ﺕﺎﻴﻌﻤﺠﻭ ،ﺕﺎﻜﺭﺸﻭ ﺕﺎﺒﺎﺼﻋ، لﺌﺎﺒﻗ، -" لﻋﺍﻭﻓ ﺍﺭﻴﺨﺃﻭ ﺔﻝﻭﺩﻠﻝ ﺓﺭﺒﺎﻋ ﺔﻴﻤﻭﻜﺤ ﺭﻴﻏﻭ ﺔﻴﻤﻭﻜﺤ ﻑﺍﺭﻁﺃﻭ ﺕﺎﻋﺎﻤﺠ ﻲﻫﻭ " ﻯﺭﺨﺃ ﺕﺂﻴﻫ ﻲﻓ ﺭﺜﺅﺘﻭ لﺼﺘﺘ ﺎﻬﻨﻜﻝ ،ﻲﻨﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﻑﻨﺼﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﻴﻝﺇ ﺭﺎﺸﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤﻀ ﻥﻤ ﻥﻭﻜﺘ ﺩﻗ ﺔﻝﻭﺩ ﻕﻭﻓ ﻭﺃ لﻭﺩ ﻊﻤ ﻭﺃ (ﺔﻝﻭﺩﻠﻝ ﺓﺭﺒﺎﻋﻭ ،ﺔﻝﻭﺩ ﺕﺤﺘ) ﺎﻫﺭﻴﺜﺄﺘﻭ ﺎﻬﻋﻭﻨ ﻥﻤ – ﻭ ﺕﺎﻤﻅﻨﻤ .ﺔﻜﺍﺭﺸﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺩﻨﻝﺍ ﻊﺒﺎﻁ ﺫﺨﺄﻴ ﺩﻗ لﺎﺼﺘﺍ ﻭﻫ ﻭ ﺕﺂﻴﻫ ﺭﻭﻁﺘ ﺕﺎﻗﺎﻴﺴ :ﺎﻴﻨﺎﺜ :لﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ ﻥﻤ لﻋﺍﻭﻔﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﻭﺩﺃ ﻲﻤﺎﻨﺘﻭ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ لﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻫﺃ ﺏﺎﺴﺤ ﻰﻠﻋ لﻋﺍﻭﻔﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻲﻤﺎﻨﺘ ﻲﻓ ﻥﺍﺯﺭﺎﺒ ﻥﻼﻤﺎﻋ ﻡﻬﺴﺃ .ﺔﻤﻝﻭﻌﻝﺍﻭ ،ﺓﺩﺭﺎﺒﻝﺍ ﺏﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺎﻬﻨ :ﺎﻤﻫﻭ ،ﺔﻴﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻜﺭﺤﻭ ﺏﺍﺯﺤﺃ لﻜﺸ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺓﺩﻴﺩﺠ ﺕﺎﻋﺎﻤﺠ ﺀﻭﺸﻨﻝ ﺕﺤﻤﺴ ﺓﺩﺭﺎﺒﻝﺍ ﺏﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﺀﺎﻬﺘﻨﺎﻓ لﻋﺍﻭﻔﻝ ﻥﻴﻜﻤﺘﻠﻝ ﺎﺼﺭﻓ ﺕﺤﺎﺘﺃﻭ ﺕﺎﺒﺎﺼﻋﻭ ﺔﻴﻠﺨﺍﺩ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺕﻨﺎﻜﻭ لﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺝﺭﺎﺨ ﻥﻤ لﻋﺍﻭﻓﻭ ﺩﻌﺼﺘ ﻥﻤﻜ ﺕﺩﺒﻭ ،ﻲﻨﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﻊﻤﺘﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻤﻅﻨﻤ ،ﺹﺎﺨﻝﺍ ﻉﺎﻁﻘﻝﺍ ﺯﻭﺭﺒ ﻲﻓ لﺜﻤﺘﺘ ﺕﺎﻴﻋﺍﺩﺘﻝﺍ ﻕﺒﻁﻨﻴ ﺭﻤﻷﺍ ﻙﻝﺫ ،ﺔﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺘﺎﺴﺴﺅﻤﻭ ﺔﻤﻭﻜﺤﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﻑﺌﺎﻅﻭ ﻥﻤ ﺍﺭﻴﺒﻜ ﺍﺀﺯﺠ ﺫﺨﺄﺘﻝ ﺩﻭﺴﺘﻝ ،ﺔﻴﻜﺍﺭﺘﺸﻻﺍ ﻪﺘﻤﻭﻅﻨﻤ لﺍﻭﺯﻭ ﻲﻜﺍﺭﺘﺸﻻﺍ ﺭﻜﺴﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﻬﻨﺍ ﺔﻠﺤﺭﻤ ﻊﻤ ﺎﻫﺩﻌﺒ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻥﺍﻭ ﺎﻤﻴﺴﻻ ،ﺹﺎﺨﻝﺍ ﻉﺎﻁﻘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺴﺎﻴﺴﻭ ﺔﻴﻝﺍﺭﺒﻴﻠﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﻗﻭ ﺭﺎﻜﻓﺄﺒ ﺔﻴﻝﺎﻤﺴﺃﺭﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﻭﻅﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﻝﻭﻌﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻁﻌﻤ ﺎﺼﻭﺼﺨ ،ﻲﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﻊﻤﺘﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺒ ﺭﻤﻴ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻠﺤﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻌﻴﺒﻁ ﻊﻤ ﺏﺴﺎﻨﺘﻴ ﺭﻭﺩ ﺹﻴﻠﻘﺘ لﺒﺎﻘﻤ ،(ﺹﺎﺨﻝﺍ ﻉﺎﻁﻘﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﺩ ﺯﻴﺯﻌﺘ) ﺔﺼﺼﻭﺨﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﻫﺎﻔﻤ ﻥﻤ ﻪﻠﻤﺤﺘ ﺎﻤﻭ ﻥﻴﺭﻴﺜﻜﻠﻝ ﻙﻝﺫ ﺍﺩﺒﻭ ﺔﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ .ﻡﺩﻘﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻤﻨﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺒﻠﻁﺘﻤ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻴﺴﺎﺴﺃ ﺍﺀﺯﺠ لﻜﺸﻴ ﻪﻨﺍ ﺓﺩﻴﺩﺠ ﺕﺎﻋﺎﻤﺠ ﺀﻭﺸﻨﻭ ﺔﻴﻠﺒﻘﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻔﺌﺎﻁﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻜﺭﺤﻝﺎﻜ ﺔﻴﻠﺨﺍﺩﻝﺍ لﻋﺍﻭﻔﻝﺍ ﺯﻭﺭﺒ ﻙﻝﺫﻜ ﺔﻠﺸﺎﻔﻝﺍ لﻭﺩﻝﺎﺒ ﻰﻋﺩﺘ لﻭﺩ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻨﺩﻤ ﺕﺎﻴﻌﻤﺠﻭ ﺏﺍﺯﺤﺃ لﻜﺸ ﻰﻠﻋ ) failed states ( ، 1 ﺃ ﻡﺯﻋ لﻴﻤﺠ ﺩﻤﺤ ، " ﺔﻴﺠﺭﺎﺨﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﻭﻋ " ، لﺒﻘﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻕﺎﻓﺁ ، ﺩﺩﻌﻝﺍ ﺍ ﺙﻝﺎﺜﻝ ، ﺭﻴﺍﺭﺒﻓ ، 2010 ( ، ﺹ ، 43 .

- 23 - ﻴﺎﻋﺭﻝﺎﻜ ﺎﻬﺒ ﻡﺎﻴﻘﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺕﻠﺸﻓ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺴﺎﺴﻷﺍ ﻑﺌﺎﻅﻭﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﻭﺘﺘ ﺓﺩﻋﺎﺴﻤﻝﺍﻭ ،ﺔﻴﺒﻁﻝﺍ ﺔ .... ﻡﻴﻠﻌﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺀﺍﺫﻐﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻓﻭﺘﻜ ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻤﺘﺠﻻﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﻤﻷﺍ ﺓﺭﻁﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﺩﻘﻔﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ لﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺓﺯﺠﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻠﺸﺎﻔﻝﺍ ﺔﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﻑﺼﻭ ﻕﻠﻁﻴﻭ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻴﻠﻌﻔﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ/ﻭ ﺎﻬﻴﻀﺍﺭﺃ ﺎﻬﻴﻨﻁﺍﻭﻤﻝ ﺔﻴﺴﺎﺴﻷﺍ ﺕﺎﺠﺎﺤﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻓﻭﺘ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺓﺭﺩﻘﻝﺍ ﺩﻘﻔﺘ ، ﺩﻗﻭ لﺌﺍﻭﺃ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺭﻤ لﻭﻷ ﺔﻠﺸﺎﻔﻝﺍ ﺔﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺢﻠﻁﺼﻤ ﺭﻬﻅ ﻡﻭﻴﻝﺍﻭ .ﻲﻀﺎﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﺭﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺕﺎﻨﻴﻌﺴﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﺕﺎﻤﻅﻨﻤﻝﺍﻭ ،ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻉﺎﻨﺼ ،ﻥﻴﻴﺴﺎﻤﻭﻠﺒﺩﻝﺍ لﺒﻗ ﻥﻤ ﹰﺍﺭﻴﺜﻜ ﻡﺩﺨﺘﺴﻴ ﺢﺒﺼﺃ ﺕﺍﺭﺸﺅﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍﻭ ﻥﻭﻨﺎﻘﻝﺍﻭ ﻲﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﻊﻤﺘﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﻑﺭﺎﻌﺘ ﺎﻤﻜ .ﻡﻼﻋﻹﺍ لﺌﺎﺴﻭﻭ ﺍﻭﺘﻭ ،ﺔﻠﺸﺎﻔﻝﺍ ﺔﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﻘﻓ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺍﻭ ﻊﻀﻭ ﺯﺘ :ﺎﻬﻨﻤ ،ﺔﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ لﺸﻓ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻝﺍﺩ ﺕﺍﺭﺸﺅﻤ ﺔﻜﺭﺤ ﺩﻴﺍ ،ﺩﻠﺒﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺭﻤﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻫﻷﺍ ﺏﻭﺭﺤﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﺍﺭﻭﺜﻝﺍ ﻲﻤﺎﻨﺘﻭ ،ﻥﺎﻜﺴﻠﻝ ﻲﻋﺎﻤﺠﻝﺍ ﺡﻭﺯﻨﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺔﻗﺭﻔﺘﻝﺍ ﺱﺎﺴﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻤﺌﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﺔﻨﺯﺍﻭﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺔﻴﻤﻨﺘﻝﺍﻭ ،ﻲﻋﺎﻤﺠﻝﺍ لﺘﻘﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺭﺎﻤﻤﻭ ﻲﺠﺭﺎﺨﻝﺍ لﺨﺩﺘﻝﺍﻭ ،ﻊﻴﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻨﻤﻷﺍﻭ ﻱﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﻻﺍﻭ ﻲﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﻫﺩﺘﻝﺍﻭ ،ﺕﺎﻋﻭﻤﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﻭ ،ﺔﻴﻠﺨﺍﺩﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻨﻭﺅﺸ ﻲﻓ ﻑﻴﺜﻜﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻜﺎﻬﺘﻨﻻﺍ ﻲﺸﻔﺘﻭ ،ﺎﻬﻨﻤ ﺔﻴﻋﺭﺸﻝﺍ ﻉﺯﻨﻭ ﺔﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﺭﺠﺘ لﺨﺍﺩ ﺔﻝﻭﺩﻜ ﻑﺭﺼﺘﺘ ﺔﻘﻠﻁﻤﻭ ﺓﺭﻫﺎﻗ ﺔﻴﻨﻤﺃ ﺓﺯﻬﺠﺃ لﻴﻜﺸﺘﻭ ،ﻥﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﻕﻭﻘﺤﻝ ﺔﻤﻴﺴﺠﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺘﺭﻁﻴﺴﻭ ﺔﻴﻗﺭﻋ ﺔﺒﺨﻨ ﺩﻋﺎﺼﺘﻭ ،ﺔﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻤﺩﺨﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺭﻤﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺩﺎﺤﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﻫﺩﺘﻝﺍﻭ ،ﺔﻝﻭﺩ ﺼﻤﻓ ،ﹰﻻﺎﻤﺠﺇ .ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻤﺘﺠﻻﺍ ﺕﺎﻨﻭﻜﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻘﺒﻝ ﺎﻬﺌﺎﺼﻗﺇﻭ ﺔﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﻴﺸﻴ ﺔﻠﺸﺎﻔﻝﺍ ﺔﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺢﻠﻁ ﺔﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﺩﻗ ﻡﺩﻋﻭ ﻉﺍﺭﺼﻝﺍ ﺕﻻﺎﺤ ﻉﺎﻔﺘﺭﺍﻭ ،ﻱﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﻻﺍﻭ ﻲﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﺭﻘﺘﺴﻻﺍ ﻡﺍﺩﻌﻨﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺎﻬﻴﻨﻁﺍﻭﻤ ﺔﻤﻼﺴ ﻥﺎﻤﻀ ﻰﻠﻋ 1 . لﺨﺩﺘ ﻯﻭﺘﺴﻤ ﺩﻋﺎﺼﺘ ﻲﻓ لﺜﻤﺘﻴﻓ ﺓﺩﺭﺎﺒﻝﺍ ﺏﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺎﻬﻨﻝ ﺭﺨﻵﺍ ﻲﻋﺍﺩﺘﻝﺍ ﺎﻤﺃ_ (ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻁﺍﺭﻗﻭﺭﻴﺒﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﺎﻤﻅﻨﻤﻝﺍ)ﺔﻴﻤﻭﻜﺤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺘﻻﻭﺩﻝﺍ لﻋﺍﻭﻔﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﺨﺍﺩﻝﺍ ﺎﻴﺎﻀﻘﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻥﻤﻷﺍ ﻕﻴﻘﺤﺘ ﻥﻋ لﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﻲﻠﺨﺘﺒ ﺔﻴﻤﺴﺘ ﻥﻜﻤﻴ ﺎﻤ لﺒﺎﻘﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻤﻭﻋﺯﻤ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﺴﻨﺇ ﻲﻋﺍﻭﺩﻝ لﻭﺩﻠﻝ ﻲﻋﺎﻤﺠﻝﺍ ، ﻝ ﺎﻤ ﺍﺫﻫﻭ ﻅﺤﻭ ﺎﻴﻓﻼﺴﻏﻭﻴ ﻲﻓ (ﻭﺘﺎﻨ) ﻲﺴﻠﻁﻷﺍ لﺎﻤﺸ ﻑﻠﺤ لﺨﺩﺘ ﻲﻓ ﻼﺜﻤ ﻭﻓﻭﺴﻭﻜ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻭﻤﺩﻝﺍ ﺙﺍﺩﺤﻷﺍ ﻑﻗﻭﻝ .ﺕﻻﺎﺤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻬﺒ ﺔﻠﻓﺎﺤ ﺓﺭﻴﺨﻷﺍ ﺕﺍﻭﻨﺴﻝﺍﻭ -ﻝﺍ ﺹﺨﻴ ﺎﻤﻴﻓ ﺎﻤﺃ ﺔﻜﺭﺎﺸﻤﻝ ﺔﻴﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﺍ لﻋﺍﻭﻓ ﺩﻭﻌﺼ ﻥﻤ ﺕﻠﻬﺴ ﺎﻬﻨﺈﻓ ﺔﻤﻝﻭﻌ ﻊﺌﺎﻀﺒﻝﺍﻭ ﻊﻠﺴﻝﺍ ﻕﻓﺩﺘﻭ لﺍﻭﻤﻷﺍ لﺎﻘﺘﻨﺍ ﺔﻝﻭﻬﺴ ﺕﻤﻫﺎﺴﻭ ،ﺫﻭﻔﻨﻝﺍﻭ ﺓﻭﻘﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺕﺎﻤﻭﻜﺤﻝﺍ 1 -ﻲﺒﻋﺯﻝﺍ ﻲﻠﻋ ، ؟ﺔﻠﺸﺎﻔﻝﺍ ﺔﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﻲﻫ ﺎﻤ http://www.alqabas.com.kw/node/110861 _ ﻡﺘ ﻊﻗﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺢﻔﺼﺘ : ﻡﻭﻴ 2012 / 09 / 16

- 24 - ﺕﺎﻴﻤﻭﻘﻠﻝ ﺓﺭﺒﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﻯﻭﻘﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﺎﻴﺴﻨﺠﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﺩﻌﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻜﺭﺸﻝﺍ لﻤﻋ 1 ﺎﻴﺍﺯﻤﻭ ﺕﺎﻴﺤﻼﺼ ﻥﺃ ﻱﺃ ﺏﺎﺴﺤ ﻰﻠﻋ (ﺔﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﻕﻭﻓ) ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﻻﺍ ﺕﺎﻤﻅﻨﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﺎﺌﻴﻬﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻨﻤ ﺕﺩﺎﻔﺘﺴﺍ ﺓﺭﻴﺜﻜ .ﺕﺎﻤﻭﻜﺤﻝﺍﻭ لﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﻪﺒﻌﻠﺘ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﻥﻤﻀﺘﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍﻭ ﺩﻤﻷﺍ ﺔﻠﻴﻭﻁ ﺔﻴﻨﻤﺯ ﺕﺍﺭﺘﻓ ﺔﻠﻴﻁ ﺩﺌﺎﺴﻝﺍ ﺩﻴﻠﻘﺘﻝﺍ ﻙﻝﺫ ﻩﺎﺒﺘﻨﻼﻝ ﺕﻔﻠﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﻭ ،ﺔﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﻭﻫﻭ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻗﻼﻌﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺍﺯﺭﺎﺒ ﻼﻋﺎﻓ ﺭﻭﻅﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﺼﻨﺃ ﻩﺎﻨﺒﺘﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺭﻤﻷﺍ ﻭﻫ ﻲﻓ ﻱﺯﻜﺭﻤ ﻱﻭﺩﺤﻭ لﻋﺎﻓ ﻲﻫ ﺔﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻥﻭﺩﻜﺅﻴ ﺎﻤﺩﻨﻋ ﻲﻜﻴﺴﻼﻜﻝﺍ ﻲﻌﻗﺍﻭﻝﺍ ﺩﺩﻌﺘ لﻭﺤ ﺵﺎﻘﻨ ﻡﻭﻴﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﺩﻴ ﺎﻤﻨﻴﺒ، ﺔﻴﻤﻭﻘﻝﺍ ﺔﺤﻠﺼﻤﻝﺍ ﻕﻴﻘﺤﺘﻝ ﻰﻌﺴﻴ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻗﻼﻌﻝﺍ ،ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻗﻼﻌﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ لﻋﺍﻭﻔﻝﺍ ﻉﻭﻨﺘﻭ ﺩﺤﺃ ﺔﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺵﺎﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺡﻭﺍﺭﺘﻴ ﻭ ﻊﻓﺩ ﺎﻤ ﺍﺫﻫﻭ، لﻋﺍﻭﻔﻝﺍ ﻲﻗﺎﺒ لﺜﻤ لﻋﺎﻓ ﺎﻫﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺍ ﻥﻴﺒﻭ ﺔﻴﺴﻴﺌﺭﻝﺍ لﻋﺍﻭﻔﻝﺍ ﻲﺘﺴﻝﻭﻫ holsty ﺎﻴﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ لﻤﺸﻴ لﻭﻷﺍ :ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻗﻼﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻥﻴﻋﻭﻨ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺔﻗﺭﻔﺘﻝﺍ ﺏﻭﺠﻭﺒ لﻭﻘﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻡﻀﻴﻓ ﻲﻨﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﻉﻭﻨﻝﺍ ﺎﻤﺃ ،ﺏﺭﺤﻝﺍﻭ ﻡﻠﺴﻝﺍ ﺎﻴﺎﻀﻗ لﻭﺎﻨﺘﺘﻭ ،ﻁﻘﻓ لﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﺼﺘﻘﺘ ﻲﻫﻭ ﻫﻭ ﺔﻴﻠﻜﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ لﻜ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﻙﺭﺎﺸﻴ ﺏﺭﺤﻝﺍﻭ ﻡﻠﺴﻝﺍ ﺀﺎﻨﺜﺘﺴﺎﺒ ﺕﻻﺎﺠﻤﻝﺍ لﻜ لﻤﺸﺘ ﻲ ﺔﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﻥﻭﺩ ﻥﻤ لﻋﺍﻭﻔﻝﺍ 2 . ﺩﻝﺎﻫ ﻥﺃ ﺭﻴﻏ HELD ﻡﻴﻴﻘﺘ ﻥﺇ ﻯﺭﻴ ﻲﺘﺴﻝﻭﻫ HOLSTY ﺭﻴﻏ ﻪﻨﻜﻝ لﻭﺒﻘﻤ ﻪﺘﺒﺭﺎﻘﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺭﻭﺩﻝﺍ) ﺔﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻁﻘﻓ ﺍﺭﻜﺤ ﺕﺴﻴﻝ ﺎﻴﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻥﻭﻜ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺭﻅﻨﻝﺎﺒ ﻙﻝﺫﻭ ،ﻲﻌﻗﺍﻭ ﺎﻜ ﺕﺂﻴﻬﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﺎﻤﻅﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺽﻌﺒﻝ ﻲﻤﺎﻨﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺩﺎﺤﺘﻻﺍ ،ﻲﺴﻠﻁﻷﺍ ﻑﻠﺤﻝﺍﻭ ﺓﺩﺤﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﻤﻷ ﻙﻝﺫﻭ ،(ﺔﻴﻨﻤﻷﺍ ﺔﻌﻴﺒﻁﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺫ ﺕﺎﻋﺍﺯﻨ ﻊﻤ ﻲﻁﺎﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻲﻘﻴﺭﻓﻷﺍ ﺩﺎﺤﺘﻻﺍ ،ﻲﺒﻭﺭﻭﻷﺍﻭ ﺕﺤﺒﺼﺃ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﻁﻭﻝﺍ ﻕﻭﻓ ﺔﻴﻤﻭﻜﺤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻤﻅﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﺩ ﺀﺎﻴﺤﺇﻭ ﻁﺎﺸﻨ ﺓﺩﻭﻋ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻗﻼﻁﻨﺍ ﺴﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻁﻘﻓ ﺕﺴﻴﻝ ﺔﻴﻠﻜﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻼﻀﻓ ،ﺏﺭﺤﻝﺍﻭ ﻡﻠﺴﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﻤﺃ ﻲﻓ لﺨﺩﺘﺘ ﻯﻭﺘ ،ﺔﻴﻤﻨﺘﻝﺍﻭ ،ﻥﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﻕﻭﻘﺤ ﺎﻴﺎﻀﻗ ﺹﺨﻴ ﺎﻤﻴﻓ ﻭﻀﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ لﺨﺍﺩ ﻥﻜﻝ ﻲﻤﻝﺎﻋ ﻉﻭﻨﺘﻭ ﺩﺩﻌﺘ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻼﻌﻓ لﺩﻴ ﺎﻤ ﻭﻫﻭ ﺕﺎﻴﻠﻗﻷﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻁﺍﺭﻘﻤﻴﺩﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺤﻼﺼﻹﺍ ﺎﻫﺩﻜﺅﻴ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻯﺭﺤﻷﺎﺒ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ لﻋﺍﻭﻔﻝﺍ ﻭﻨﺯﻭﺭ ﺱﻤﻴﺠ ﻡﻭﻴﻝﺍ ﺏﺠﻴ ﻥﺃ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻪﺘﺭﺎﺸﺇ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﺩﻌﺒ ﺎﻤ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻪﺘﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺯﻴﻜﺭﺘﻝﺍ international politics _ post ﻪﺒﺎﺘﻜ ﻲﻓ ﺭﻴﺸﻴ ﺎﻤﻜ ﺔﻴﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺴﻔﻨ ﻲﻫﻭ 1 -ﻡﺯﻋ لﻴﻤﺠ ﺩﻤﺤﺃ ، ﻕﺒﺎﺴﻝﺍ ﻊﺠﺭﻤﻝﺍ ، ﺹ ، 44 . 2 :ﺹ ،ﻕﺒﺎﺴﻝﺍ ﻊﺠﺭﻤﻝﺍ ،ﺵﻭﺨﺒ ﻰﻔﻁﺼﻤ 87 .