التغير التنظيمي و إنعكاساته على الرضا الوظيفي للعامل داخل المؤسسة الصناعية المخوصصة

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9: ‰ 2 =@ 4 o<F [L 8" 7 < A 1 '( > A 7 9: 8 9:" - ;" -%"A zG / V A. h @ j t w P s * :% *? @ * *. ' .-] ' @ - ;" S%: 7 K" -WF sy . ‹ A/ \c -WA j ? '( 8 9:" m 5 o<F >5 s[6 . G J ( A m % o<F b A -6 =- "6 7 - ;" t @ 9: n-9 > ( Bechard 8 9:" - ;" j ‰ > ] UKJ( *G A. =@ x ;5 4 '( s *<( 5 9: VC# '( W 5 y 6M 1 9:" 1 9:" 7 < F 8. ( 7C# ‰ 3 ! y.-A ( f " eD " e y/u5 ‰ :" < F 7 "6( k 4 " = @ * 8" *` TG . ? 8. s 9: < - "6 ' 6 " 7 h 2 s7 A2 '( = F W"( 45 Y 9: ' t l M s 9:" h f f K f - " w P =- ;" ) -9 >Q 8. 5 % : 2<"J .-A 7 L 5 / A" ‰ & 8 9:" - ;" 5 W4 organisationnel change s1 9:" h <F -9/ *G '( 8 9:" > A -d :F '( -W:F \ 8. s= @ 7 ) 8. 7C A r M MI . *" ' I ' -(I M w P r U 1 9:" ' 5 Y L6/ '( / 8. = L I 7 - ;" S( * ^ ]/ = @ > F [ 1 9:" `C( ,-;5 8. 6 *: 5 k :" >( "< % :( ) -Q k<# \ s1 9:" 5 U Œ : ! + " +& - # $ % $ $& ' $ ( ( ) ) $* +* ) $* ++ " &D 3 X SG- b2/ ! & s ( M 5 j t( M 8 9:" R <6 : @ s e s 5-A t* -W( s ++! X s & s8 < 8<F K 8 9:" - 2 si s A( L 7 F %K ? s +D X s !D

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y62/ > A 5 Y 4 h -G '( n- s ( * ‰ Supper ‰ pB " y< F 'F @-2 j o<F t pB " s WJ] y y ( y 4 % :( c2:( y . L \c n o<F

f / S( o " \c [A< j *5 S K"6 8" = 4 -^ 8 <A yAB (

y -%# 4 )-A " k 6 O F :4 5 862: A] w P y/u5 -h 43 S( > A m 5 y62/ > A '( 7 AB " 7 %{- 7 G % =@ A6 BCA 7 P G J <# m % 7 -0Z >( A S( > A< h "/ ! 5 ( V ( C Herbert o<F k<K z<KW( y/ o<F 82 Q - )-F 4. s1* F f L ' <( A -F ]( ' " x '( -F ] w< ' SB 8. ' <( A< > A f-. ( ~ 1 -9/ *G 8. > A f-. j 8;%: ( ~ $ 82 Q - Y *2( 8. $ " )C"# '( 1{- 5 1*/ s 4 B@ j j > *. sy< F M / @-2 7 L '( F L( f %"F l M '( j A "L VC# '( y G M % G @ k 4 > A< 2<"J yG I 'F 2"( 7 G 5 s- 4" s7 B-" sy P M 8. > A s> A m %5 k<A" ( *:( =@ A"( >( F ) -S L - . sy %{ y M K 44 ( y< F 'F @-2 >AL >( A fc*. >( A n >AL s G J <# > A m 5 S( @-2 7 L -F ]( b M > A '( y AB y %{ y G M % h x O F :4 5 62/ A l , &H V 1*8 # B *.-F 4. s *. w c? *<? *"K]/ @ A" -9/ 6 Z p A 7@ A 4 _ 1( v $ ‰ Dj. Lobes tien ‰ > A< F "G V I n M */u5 & - s t F ( ( >( ? 8F :W b2: 1<F e s <A [" @ s s7 - 5 s ++N X s OCd 8B % %F s 7 9: 8. V A2 R <6 s s-]:< = L A( L @ s : s X ! s8 A ( -d / 8 9:" R <6 = @ e s X s, - / -" F %K< Y -( +

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> ] */ o:A 5 sY 9:? t %"F ' ? sqA% *tA%5 K% - z W

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D 9:( 8 s= ` . 40 s F "G s @ W"B ) -Q * 8" Y J > ]5 7 -4 * . c#Z @ ( ( -]5 >` 1t F "G @ W"B =-K6 *. g Hk # B €2 'F -%A 8" 7 <KW 7@ A † privatisation ‡ 6/-2 ;< 8. L/ l M s T <L/ s WJWJ s Wd J s W WJ" sg WJ" j Wd J G F -3?I z<KW sgJ sg# >A2 '( 4"]( 8 '( > " < F 8:A X J o Y A L/ l M 2<"J( @ A5 c#u Wd J V M 1 2 '( F L( R :*. s MCKd ( sH 6 @ W"B 5 3 M )-A ( s- @ W"B y @ W"B A5 c#u Y *2 c A5 9: 9:" 7 ^ ]/ Y F - 6" u6( 8. ># Y F o<F Y 4 s1 =- 2 '( Wd J k<K: sY *2 c* . 40 o"M F "G @ A5 L/ ? <` 4 † @ < - 3"6( pQ ( - # @-2 = @ % ju5 ‡ : =- 2 82: l M s s1*tA5 :F <6( =- 2 fc -%"A s ( A < < 85 L U KJ" /C4F "6 '( s= L -% < 8 = ` 6 @ W"B -9: '( * -%( Wd J o<F j ( 4 a": -9/ w<*"6 -9/ j ' % I * -. ]B :( VC#

s@ < >3(I 3" o @ -.I @ 4 \c *4 4 E "/ -d :A A2: Y *2(

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E "/ < F 8. 1 6 @ W"B = M */ o<F F :W 6 Z )-A ? )-A w c? @ M P j ? */u5 >( A o<F ` B :. 7 A 5 =@ T( =@ ( :(x @ A5 / ( 6 Z . y <F s : A( V s F "G 7 < F 7 BCF *:F W l M s' <( A * 8" *: 5 . <# " 7 BCA 7 < A '( 4A( a T( 8 F :W 0 s s F "G s @ W"B ) -Q A F "G @ W"B 9:( 8 s= ` . 4 =-K6 *. Y J > ]5 7 -4 * . c#u @ ( ( -]5 >` <( >4/ j )-A = @ - 6" 8. 7 - ; r M [<K" d J o ( A '( 7 F -] " <( A( */ 8/ / 4 n "6 o<F Wd J ( A 7 6 Z - 6 >4/ 8. >3 K<6 > c` :F 1" . s B A" k -^ 'F X # ' :A( ' @ ( X J o 8 6 n "6 o<F ( s < A5 =T*G 7 m X # X J o / / 4 'F Vx : sX J K4 o 8( A K4 '( V 4"/ 8*. * <J - 6 < 'F 7 6 Z( o 7 6 Z( > 8. >3 " \@ W"B n "6 o<F ( EP : 5 )-A j ? . 7 44] i0 M Wd J . s8F "G n "6 o<F d # s Wd J : * " 8" 7 / ( .-A( V M Vˆ 6" L c* s\-` TL \ :" G '( A >Q 8. H @ W"B ( B > F "G 3 ' :A( Wd J c#u s ! K X 1* = d 8. 6 Z S %5 c 7 6 Z( 1 (u h ; 8:A k X J ' - 3"6 < 6 Y "G S( sy:( X 4/ @ W"B = 8. @ * <J F ' Y T" ( A 6 Z f L *" Z6( 'F 8< fc > *( ( F '( 8/ A A Wd J . @ A5 : K4 > sY A g WJ ( F 2W5 8 o Y A B sX J @ > " c j - { *5 j 8" A [6M 2<"J( >( A L "/ \ @ 6 Z sj A p F :W 7 6 Z 8. 8 9:" - ;" "G 1<F s-` TL s A( L 7 F %K j @ s 2004 „ X s\- L ( 8F :W "G 1<F 8. ( 4( @ s e s A( L [" s -W( s +D X s N ! s\ M M @ W"B 7 MCd 8. -` TL 5-L" s 5-A j <% 8. Wd J @ W"B 7 MCd s e s 5-A = M 7 @ T?-( s 8F G p Z( s ++ s -W( s X !

+ Y w B * ( 1 V B / j .-A

'F = %F c y< F j 5 :"B lM % o<F ,-2 *%A]

n-# @ *G j j 5 > %4 c '( 8 <F > F > . =- 3? 7 <W"( 4<M -LM 5 3 5 8*. lM % o<F = ` 2 5 @ A l % 5 K% -( 45 7 @ > 8. <L6( _ I [/ G S L5 Y , -2 { d 8. f F 6 y" @ y <F T - \c '( % l % . s) K # 8. y5 8*": \c > < " _ 8 -. • % y<AL f 4% '( 7 @ *L lM % .-A . sr % 8. ["? ( -# b 8" *: K4/ '( A E / j : 45 6 7 < I fc h 8. tA5 8. 8 I [/ L 5 i " 8 9:" - ;" o<F h t iK< 8" 7 '(

qA% U6%( ,-A5 8< . Y 4" =- %( - { =- %( 4 -K5 h 9:

G p<"J( 8. 8 9:" - ;"< *5 ] 7 G "/ 7 BCA 8. *( " y%/ d # 2W5 @-2 5 / 6/ F X * B @ † f ‡ >;] b5C < ?- 'F = %F 8 M 5 :F i6 >( F p i;<5 8" * 6# [4F Hxu( 8. ?-] i %d s : ' 0C0 8 M c:( 5-L" D % V L( '( Y F s * ( J"6( ' 5 $ ; %6/ 2 o . 5 - 3"6 ?- h -]5 ?- Y B -(I = " 7 8. -%"A s 5 4: = @ ' 5 1 2" : w P @ F m _C. $ 5 o<F n-# +N 1 j < ?- '( b A o<F ?- j|. ';. 9 C 8" i;<5 M 5 i44M B j < ?- e ]/ b2/ _ D % - L( '( G- y<? c s- 3"6 V S U / j < ?- % o ' 3M % [6M ?- y <F - 6 \c EP : U : qB : - 6 9 C =- #I fc i/ ? / k%K 5-L" 5 :F : ' 0C0 c:( 6 Z S( = @ - 6" 8. ? ] EP 1 4" 8. _ 4 < F % F "G Y <A a` "/ k %K ?-] fc b ` j ? . -A( G y62/ j ? ‰ " 9 G ‰ ?-] i/ ? ' M 8. f EP : S%" \ ]F o2KW( k5 SG-( X

/ o<F %< 7 A/ o n@ ( = @ 8. 8K<6" > ? ?-] e ] $ d -B ?- 8. 8 9:" - ;" k 4 o ) * a( /-5 k %K @ L ?-] f >0 8 YI ?-] 9 C s[/ L '( w P - { \ @ *5 < 8. 8 9:" *< 8. ?- \- 6( [/ G o j < ?- - 6( R ] j 8t"4 - ;" j ? C 9 r M o ) * 8" - ;" < F 8. ' :4 h -%# ' ]"6( o . 5 V I k6: o"M 6 Z - 6 Y 9:5 V 4"/ 5 w P K<6 k6/ 8. cG 7 - ; p :W [6M K<6< V > 8K<6" † 826A" ‡ ? ] k6/ S5 - k6: o 7 -4 < F 8. 1 R <6< E "/ < A <( _ B < A5 Y 4 -4 - ;" V #@ 8. % >%B 8 9:" A5 n-# _ B < F 1" j o<F ' ( J"6 7 L ' @ R < _ B 4M n-# <M-( 8. - ;" UKJ( */ 7 / % / 4( 8. >3 " _ 4 UKJ( j ? 8" */ A5 h -%J *A L 8" 7 / % S( - ;" UKJ( >%B j 3M % * <F >W ' "?-] ' 5 / 4( o . 5 UKJ F / - 6" Y 9/ - ; o ) * ' ": = ( - " \c UKJ j ? :( ( :4 [/ G = F - ; o<F t > " B y/ K<6 8. 7C A * 4 8. ' ; % ' ( J"6 qA5 @-^ o . 5 k 6" < F 8. = G 7 % - > A $ ; *:( k 6" SK4 8 6B d # Y 6BI qA5 o @ T. Y 9/ V #@ c 2:" s GI V M 5 4: S( 4F Y -5 ' ( J"6 [ " gWM 1 9: UKJ c *:( 7 :4 = F i( J" 2 o<F j < ?- \- 6( [ " 45 * ] 8F L [ " :4 V A" 1*F % |5 1*K5- \c K<6 U / - ; ' -#• S( 1* BCF ' 6 k %K V > 2" sV W s A. > ] 8" K<6 H 6/ p<"J( b 4 8" s7CF ) I s) - s -4 P J \ ]F o2KW( k5 SG-( X Š N 2 SG- b2/ X D

H -. 7 G ' ": = UKJ k %K A5 - ;" A5 >%B 7 / % iA G B fc i " 4 $ <K - ;" r M 8. y "5 G UKJ A. o<F V@ ( 8. w P -4 P J 8. ? ] < A5 r M " - ;" = G i:% B 8 9: w P V A '( BCK/ *. k 4 " *"A% 1*% "5 ' -#• S( 1* BCF ' 6 F / ) - Y 9/ - ;". 7}. GI n "6( o<F 7 - ; V #@ o . 5 V A i6( 5 L a` "/ h KF 8. 1 c >? > A =- K<6 '( 7@ T. ?-] ) i44M 8 " 5 1*` 1 T 2 Q 6 Y * B ' € 9 3 * 9 MPSS • MPOS

> 5 k<A" . d # a(-% UKJ z *( *2( >%B '( = @• ' 1

A5 <F = * -B ' 1 sV A y G T. E "/ 7C ]( *Q ' -]A j-4 >` c:( 6L" <A = @• I 1 2 7 5 l M s < 7 @ = @ tB 8F :W "G 1<F *Q i -. 8" < 7C ] 7 5 ? y" @ ( j ? l M 9:" U` -J 5 T" < Y " 5 * A( @ " ( A A " -d : 1 • > A 1 64 • @ 2 Q 7 < A • 8 9:" > * • ) - H K/ 8:5 B ' " , -2 o<F y" @ 2 j > A [M d y%<K ( 1 -GI =@ x > A [M d '( >( A y%<K ( 1

2< " >Bu5 E "/ =@ x V A '( '( o S:W 8. = @ Y 9/ \@Z j 5 : - O F a '( >? h @ ' > A [M d V A 1" , -2 fc o<F h :5 ' " b I 5 F ( ( >( ? t s k5 SG-( X ++ 2 @ - [ K F s l 8F :W b2: 1<F s % \x { '5 sb/ B A( G 7 ]:( s ++ X s &+

• / ( @ VC# '( y` TG > A @ • < ‘@ %( _ o<F "A "# • # A5 >( A [ y <F :6 \c > A o<F f " 7 K# '( = K# >? 8. y %G >( A )-A 8 \ - -( = @ V A [ • f L V A f L y" Z6( )-] )-A > A % -L 3M 5 < j ? 4 =- ;d 8. 8F :d c <"? y M 5 B 4 -%( 4 -K5 - 2 A5 "( >%B j A5 ?-]5 C( F z%d 10 -G j 5 8 / ? ' † ; 3 " ‡ y/ [<W < :* 7 "6 >? -%F Y 4. V F 9MC( o F G b ` o U 65 >( F '( E ' :*( 10 )-]( pd o o4 - 2" 8. y" L*:( >t25 1 8B- $ % ' 5 '( >( A h K5 > " y"9MC( S:W = @ w< 8. < k %K"5 w P S:W Y 9/ - ; ƒ - K" = F $ L r 5u5 Y 4. s A" S:W 5 y0 5 n-G B 45 6 b I ( = " 7 8. [<W < -(I F \ " 16B o<F y"5-L n-G o< D >4:5 M >? Y 4 >( F '^ >4/ M >( A 4 5 y/ o >d <A y"9MC( A5 Y 8. w` % '( ' 5 &D o & '( y KA 4. > F P f-G =@ x o<F >( F S( k2 sY 8. '^ T: j > S.- j y <F j ? s,-A >%4. -( y:( [<K o"( z -"6 V w P > M Y */ 8. &D :^ o 4" j ? w` % '( N % o<F = CF 7 : rC0 w P Y @ f-G Y B sy"5-L y <F k%^ \c > A / - ;"5 t Y B ? 7 @I > - ; K" S:W 5 h :% @ ( >4/ V F [ "5 < A"6 G j L "# Ž [ " Ž o \@Z T. 2 • '( V A @ F g4/ & o N 1* G Y F [%65 • %6:5 E "/ =@ x % • [6:5 >( A >#@ =@ x & % @ T. Y 9/ Y J" [%65 1 A : ]5 s > A "G 1<F : K:6B s\ ":( A( G 7 ]:( s s s ! s X N 2 Cd 8( 5 O s E "/ T. M F :W 8. s-` TL s A( L 7 F %K j @ s + s X &N

! K<6( i/ ? 8" .I - ; o fc i. 4 G 5 i " . V A o<F j < 2? 1*. A ? ] u5 = @ :B|5 i( B ? V A 5 = @ U5-5 o I E "/ =@ T5 8 " 5 ' %<K( k4 ' <( A< - '( F G @ k 4 ?-]< F O 5 %6/ k 4 h ' W"J '( A o:% B ( h L. 7C A" qA5 * <F <#@ < 8. *W J< ' 7 @ 4"/ y i*G 4. w P '( 1{- 5 <A = @ ?- 5 o 6 1 8 9:" > * o<F T ?-" s8F :W 1 9:" 8. - 8M : o<F f ?u ; > * c S *F % [G F 4 o<F - { 1 9:" = F -( j @ f-V A R < f-V s8 -'F \ A R <6 pd ` @ V >5 84 4 R <6 fc pW 1 GP / [ Y J" k -^ V 2{ R <6 -"? * <F i :5 8" , -2 AB Y F 1 9:" h tFu5 V W h @I 4 -K5 c 2: 7 ( <A 84< @-L( 8. ' <( A @ fc 7@ M . gJ< j ' 7}. -GI fT2 v @-L( j 6/ 7-%"F o<3 ' 8 " > ] 8. 1 5 6 @ ( > : sk5 SG-( s X !+

& ;>= SM B ' * 9 W B X k5 SG-( 8( 5 OCd & 4 >( A< %6: 5 @ 7}. GI x -5 o<F fc iF K" > h :5 o<F @ "F - ;( - 6 U / k %K" =- . h KF . 5 f k 4 w P 8. y i%<G > A 1 9: ‘@ %( 8:% c 2:" 'F U KJ" >W. y . oF - 8 9: 7 5 4: h F iB = @ V A ' 5 7 .CJ >M 8. @ '( * ( *5 y( " Y A 1*<? ]( > l 0 )-K G M 8. V A j ' y 82. Q Y Y * B *5 Y B " , " =x " 7 G 6: ) d• -W: ?- o<F † "% ‡ ' 5 ( =-"2 8. : 5 +N+ Š +D '( ' "2<"J( ' "<M-( S:W c * B V A R < o<F * - 0u i6 A/ 8" 9:" G : " 7 % -" I o fc i. F "G 62: 1*. -Q o<F w c? 8 <A • 9:" f tB y<? ]( l M '( \-W 8 9:" SB 5 p -A" . 43 F "G 7 - ;" • AB ) -9 1*<"6 <%4( 7 @ h -G j ( 1 9:" 5 d J 7 -9: - K 7 9:" 8. " 7 ˆ 6" o<F fc i( B B 1 F "G 1*. -Q 8. 1 9:" h tF y \c > A / - 0u n ( ( 1 -( 8<F ( s 1 9:" "G 1<F ) 7C ] r -"< ># ( ( E s s-W( s A( L [" @ s +D s X !N <A = @ <4A = -3 '(T ?- @ 7 • [ - S:W 1 W c 2:" 'F U KJ" >W. [ " = @ ) k 4 O 5 I =@ x V A ) k 4 GI =@ x

( G : " @ 8. G "/ Y 6BI ># @ >( A -4" ! G "/ Y 6BI 8. = @ f L V A pB ( ( " a` ": o i<d B 2 M E

K F , ^&H <& & V 6 > } 3

B - ; o<F @ "F j i2]? 4 7 }5 / A" 5 w P > A h @ 8. G : " q2J/ \ -" S5 K @ x l M 62/ F "G a` "/ F L( o n@ B 3 M V A y5 Y 4 \c 8. g4/ ( > A h @I 5 <K = * n "6( n@ 7 Z6 H K: k B " > A 1 64 - - { 7 W k F pA o V A ' 5 u]: 8" 10 '( @ > A 8. >< 5 - '( G > 8<# 1 9:" j 6:" 5 - %( ^ % U% - \c 16B > ] 8. ( M o -0Z y . ` 6 8:2 k = @ > A '( 1*2B ( V A 7 L O E 3 9+ _" K ‚2 " } B

SG G "/ Y 6BI V F 19A( ' 5 8%<6 f L j o i<d

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G "/ 5 k<A" 5 L a` "/ 8KA j y/u '( ' ˆ- 5 h ˆ- Y " =@ x >d " -V A ( 8<F ( s <F 1 9:" "G 1 sk5 SG-( s X X ! !N!

N N E <& ;Z 9 K H'-B ( 4 >? o<F S:W -. 1{ y/ o l % >d */u '( 8" 3 7 86 `- >6<6" 8. 2<"J 7 "6 ' 5 V W >F 2" 1 F j k4 " 1 w P pB ( 8. -0 ( c <A / 7 "6 ' 5 >( Y F ><# r M 8 " 5 - - ; . s1 9:" ># @ F "G 1* BCF V A % 7 W 1*: 5 . >d " V A ' 5 7 BCA 1F j y/u '( 9: K# S L -" :2 7 - ;" ' 5 =@ G 7 ^ % 5 i 8" 7 > A fc*. *< < o . 7 - Z '( @ F -%?I *" K; VC# '( w P 9:" h :%< 8. -W:F 1 A \c >( A 5 yK5-5 c >? > W2" '( :5 S:W < 8 9:" L "/ 9: o<F 7 -^ 8" 7 - ;" o<F w c? 7T? ? G "/ < A 9: =- ;( = G :4 V #@ ( * B *5 Y B fc 5 K)$ * : S/ W( M 8. : 5 Y : I † +N& Š +ND ‡ 1 : F > ] ! -%:A 164: -%:A b2:5 j ( 4 =-* V A '( o I 1t ' "F L( o @ -.I 164: D _ o<F -GI 5 j < A C( F 4 / 3 1t 8( -GI _ o<F j < A C( F . 5 s' ( 9: ' P 1 4" ' "F L @ -. j B B sE "/ 8. O 5 I %6/ o ' "F L @ -. >0 y" G "/ >( A h @ o<F -0 GI S.@ 19/ '( i: 5 B s ( >( F -G H 2 4 >( F -G j - { s=-%J '6 8. j % > A b2:5 j ( 4 ' c V A ' 5 @ T. [ '( ' K / ' 5 < E "/ H 2 4 >( F E "/ j s - Y F o \@Z j y/ '( M j ( 8. S.@ 2 ? 8. - ;" j S:W c 8. i :5 ? s1 M / '( ( >( F GI A< \@-2 S. '( - ; T. Y F y" G "/ =@ x o \@Z j ? \c >( - 1 <( >( ? 8 s 5-A @C% 8. 8F "G b2: 1<F 8. 7 h -B V hTL s „ -W m * -]: p u"< s -W( s +D s X +

D

%K =@ A o<F 4 V F @@- -3? ' M 8. 82 Q f 'F -%A c sy% ;

) -Q j d W# S%" -GI Y 9/ - ; h 8. w P -6. B s[ ;" o<F

+ - D E <& [ 1G <& ;Z B 1/ ;Z ƒ & & ‰ *:( k<K/ 8" t4 '( F L( o<F 86? - 62" "A K / `/ " K.MARX 7 9:"< y C < 8. qA% 7C A" 7 . c? ^ -B - % 4 -%(I -9: 1* C < " ^|? 86? ># :% ' c ' - 2 > ] b? ( -9/ 8. ^ -B - % 7 9:" . m. 7 @ '( = @ */ ? =T "( F "G * -K ? 7 4%K * C# '( _ 8" n-#I 7 4%K< * C;" fc j o = S( 84%K 1 64" 1F Y 9/ ,-. 7 9:" fc* I 2 Q . U% - 7 9:" ^ % - %( < 2^ / A / j|. w c E "/ 7 < A5 'F -%A 8" : - I o<F ’ 2 8 I *" *( C;" V ? 7 4%K -( o<F 5 <; 7 4%K< (1) S k<K: c '( `/ " 'F y -9/ ^ 8. ^ -B - % 7 9:"< y C < 8 - Y 9: 'F “ : -W qB :" w P - G 'F p] 7 4%K -d L": n 4 E "/ 7 BCF ' 5 W 5 U% -6? -9: j ) -A . s s - " 5 : - ;" L": n 4 ju5 ,-"2 -9/ @ "( e ]: n "6( o<F

># @ 7 tB : *Q a": ( sE "/ 7 BCF ( 4( 'F -%A" s8<A2 8/ 6/ 7 9:" " 7 "6 p<"J( > ] j ' 7 tB :" fc j|. 10 '( d # 9: S/ W ># @ G "/ 7 M Y 6B ' 5 V ? K<6 :5 ' 5 w< j 4 4 -*9 j 82 >5 7 9:" ># @ @ 7 - ; 7 o \@Z B 7 tB :" k F 'F -%A SB 8. *: s K - 9? *" ˆ ' 7 (x > 8. tB :" @ M 8" 9:" 7 `/ " 8. (2) J " 7 < A k -^ 'F *" @ [L F "G :5I '( - ;? 7 9:" ' <( A 1 9:" ' 5 7 tB : r M o t \@Z s : o<F F 6 8" (1) 8:6 6 1 9:" @ F "G -9: ) A @ s s =- 4 s + X s & † ‡ SG- b2/ „ X &

! S( ' L( :( ' ? ]( '( / ( %"F 5 7 9:" @ j e ]/ ># @ 1*tA5 w c? s7 9:" ># @ 7 F L V d W# fh 82J -L A5 ' A( 7 9:"< 7 G-J( > cJ" 8" 2<"J 7 F L ' 5 ( z W 7 d W# *<# @ =@ G / % 7 tB :" G @ :"5 p<"J 7 9:" :" T? -( 7 9:" A 8 @ W"B '( hTG y P iB 8. */ ? s7 tB :" - K" -3? 8J 8F "G F 6 E "/ > A< WWJ @ i/ ? P pF t" j ' '( 7 tB :" fc j G # 7 m )-^ '( ' s=-* ' V A )-^ '( %B -( - { ) d # s ( M ‡ [ K >5 4 8. s> A 8. T k %K o ( @ oA6 = @ . s > A h @ h :0 8 c VC4" '( T 5 V A 7 - 0u @ G 'F p] > A 1 64 - ' 5 BCA > <A o b? ( >4": :" h :5 > A 1 64 o<F - *0 "M BCA fc U% - s> ? 7 9 8 - Y 9:< ' K5 -"( ' %%65 b? ( \ [6M (1) y( J" [L E "/• C( F s A< 5 3 5 - -9/ 8. <( A n 4 -%"A k 4 " > A [M d oA h 8. A BCF 1" j o<F s 5-( 4 -K5 n B c? z5-[<K ,-A \ H 6 $ y k4 8" <( A n 4 h - VC# '( U4. k4 " - <W( i/ ? P >( A z W( ' 5 , A" -W 8 = M L "/ o \@Z S c j|. sz5-4 q` . k sz5-4 8. *<;sz5-4;6 10 * -sz5-4;] \c > A [M d sy< F = B S % \c ] ) 7 - " j o b? ( [ P B M 7 (T / ( A5 VC# '( " 9 8. * 8 8 - S "L (2) • $ K4" POLARISATION =- Q - 0u i $ K4" c r M ' 5 > F R : j ? w c s <4" 7 * Y J" o<F i< F 8" S :W" (1) 5 8 -( %F A s G 7 1 9:" -9/ ># ( \ 4/ A( L .-A @ s s s : ++ s X N (2) 8%<G H x- %F 8<F L s 7 1 9:" -9/ 8. I A( L .-A @ s s : s ++ X s X Š &

!

A - L

o <( j

V A - 6A( s - - 6A( s' - 6A( 8. i%K4"

-MI • b/ L" :HOMOGENISATION "m2 z%W $ K4" < F >A25 j I -3? 6/ L - . s= F 8M / '( C0 G : j 1*^ ]/ S o j < j > ' M 8. s h -0 -3? j %W 10 '( = G 7 *( $ 6"? 'F l % o V A *" -. 8" A -6 7 - ;"< -9/ 9/ = K" G : " S/ W • _Z% -42 M =@ x PAUPERIZATION / - . / o \@Z 4. o GI q 2J o F :W 7 F -] ># @ z5- '( B -%? k 4 8. j %%6" 1*. 10 '( s @ 6 7 -". $ -"B 5 6M P d # /@ 7 "6( ` -] = 4 , 2J/ *F @ @T 8" <( A 4%K< Z5 -4. -3? • "M < F MONOPOLIZATION z%W t"4 5 8" < A 8 7 M G "/ o<F = @ B - { n-;W 7 M Y ( 6. : G "/ n-% Y J @ '( =- %? ? *` -] L "/ A @ @T ) =- #I 7 M fc j .

10 '( : A( A< o<F U%t ( o 8 - SG- 7 qA5 8.

6. : < F 8. ># > A H 8. A<6 w<" - " ( o V " B 8 " 5 A. y B 8 - Y 9: 42 4"F B `/ " 8 - k6:< p :F \ cG - ; o \@Z" 7 tB :" fc j 7 5 4/ > 8. >" " 8" <( A 4%K n 84 4 8F : L "/ $ TM ' x [<B >G '( V t: 4 5 j G Y 9:5 Y 9: c V %" -3? F 'F -%A" 7 9:" 8. - ;" tB V M ># c *( B 8" 7C < " 7h G 4 - L 7 tB :" x -5 o<F fT ?-" -9/ ] 5 y2d ' \c pB w P ;" : L": = 4 j ,-"2 8*. s E "/ 7 BCA w< b A" = "6( = W5 -s *G '( >t. 8] A( n "6( o V d < oA6 8" 8/ 6/ e ]: 7 @ *L 7 BCF o<F h t4 / 1` * A SB c* *t. 'F -%A 8*. n-# *G '(

! ' .-K ' 5 7 tB : x -5 y:F a": ( :? 6 "5 0 G "/ n-" `/ j 8. -*9 B s 7 9:" ># @ cG 7 - ; o = -t 5 \@Z B 7 tB :" w< ># @ -W *Q w P b A 8" - 9 1 '( 9: @ W"B 7 (x > ( 4 w< ju5 -B B b? ( j ? P s A ( 4 V '( > ]? 7 9:" K"" w P j|. s - > A 7 BCF o<F - 0u -3? 8 " 5 9: -3? z%W" = M 4 4 5 '(Z 8" <( A 4%K< 84 4 8F :5 y [6M ^ -]( o4% :%< \ cL - ;" VC# '( 1" <( A 4%K z W( k 4 j @Z( F "G @ W"B 8 - Y 9:< O E > 9 ;Z 9:" 7 BCA 8< < ^ 1 4 8 9:" V L 8. 8 @ - ># V 8< L * - 2 '( :"6 \ L - 2 o<F "6 Š 86? Š fc -%"A l M 9:" "G h <F qA5 7 * G " , A( >A. @-? $ d \ $-; 8. 1 7 %0 o<F ?Z 4 7 - 62 ( B ' c X WJ yG o<F <4" 7 -9: 7 9:" ># @ I B 1" V I ' 5 L BCA l %5 j @ -=- % > A 7 9: ># @ U%t H 6/ w c? s =-K 6 z W :5 A "L '( 1 9:" -L ' y/u5 >` 4 \ <4" , -". j A 1*. 10 '( s 1L h :% = 4 @ W( s =-K 6 7 F L 5 y BCF 8G S "L < 4"/ B / " V ( C (3) H.MARCUSE - 7 A "L 8. 1 9:" -9/ :F -" Y *2( d # `/ " 3 k<K: 8 - S "L < 8G : " V " / " k4 8" G : "< [ : "# o<F :% -" =- 2 f 4/ 8. SB j '( 1{- o<F s > A 7 9: n "6( o<F : * =-K 6 '( T (1) X k5 SG-( sj A p +

- Claude Rivore, l'analyse Dynamique en sociologie, presse universitaire de France, Paris, 1978. P 151

(3) k5 SG-( sj A p s

!! * B - j <%< 8F "G 7 BCF - ; o \@Z 1 w P j - %? - ; 8G : " k6: * -2 8" j 6/ 5 j 6/ U5- 8" =-K 6 y" @ 8. lM % c ? B j 6/ M A% P

one man dimentionel o<F # '( zt" \c @ -.I o<F 8 9:" S "L =-K 6 S` > @ G 1*F t# VC y"%A \c o - ] H 6 c 8. s1* @ 'F <4"6( <? n B =-K 6 =@ ( = B o S "L @ -. \ 8. = @ @-L( '( y [6M i 8" G : " x " 8" g` WJ 7 6 qA5 V M B I S "L 7 2d z(C *5 6/ j ( @ E ( /C oA6 *. V t: 8. ? ] o<F y B Y A M A% P y5 U% - 1` 4 Y 9: 8.

o<F yA.@ j 6/ T 2 */u '( 8" 7 ^ ]: '( lM % c O-"B B

A< ^ -4 ? ] =@ T? > A 7 9: n "6( o<F - ;" r M 8. V @ = 9:" (1) ju5 zt" c / " s - ;" >G '( V t:< - L Y J" =- . ( , A B -]F S " j-4 VC# " -% x G-% ' 5 ` B >Q \c h A j n- y/I -]A j-4 5 -]F S " j-4 */ 8. `TG - ; <( A 4%K i: l M s ' *"] A( n "6( S. '( 8F :d S "L( ' - 4%K 5 * BCF ^ (s @ W"B * G M % K"( y( B \c > < " j / " 7 9: o<F * #@ ' 8" 7 - ;" A %^ V M 5 lM % c -0u j O 5 - ] > A 4/ -9: y 4 1{ - G l 8F :W \x G-% S "L < (2) SG- \c > A 7 9: n "6( o<F 7 tB : r M o - ] ># c*. o<F [<;"< ' .-K ' 5 z W ' % o @ A \c ' :* S( = @ , A" ' :* F G A( > A 7 9: n "6( o<F 7 - ;" 7 L"< 1*"( 4( (1) 5 8 -( F A s k5 SG-( s X ! (2) ‡ X s k5 SG-( sj A p !

!& >3( = L 7 : qA5 'F l o 8 - uL< X-2 Z. s ^ -4 - { = 6 [6? >G '( w P 9:" 7 6 V %45 -4 o"M V A 40 '( 1* W( o<F j . J 1*. -=@ F o \@Z B 8" < " 7 - ;" w< h :% ! [ 1G "+ ;Z B t4 w< '( -9: 1* C < 8. j ? <6 j @ j 3M % k<K/ 4 <6< V #@ ' ( > A 7 9:" / 6/ :4" [/ L 5 iK% 8" >? ] '( 1{- o<F w P E "/ > A 7 < F c 2: H-^ o<F @ :4" 7 - ;" c 2: 4 -^ * #@ [G 7 - ;" F / V M ' .-K ' 5 -9: 7 *G ' % '( ?-M '( >? -9: 7 *G o H-K": k<K: c '( s> A 7 9: n "6( o<F ( ( A = @ ># ( / 6/ 7 BCA H 6/I 8. :2 F "G * C < 1 5 :( B h :0 *5 ' A"6/ w c5 s F :W > A 7 9: n "6( o<F - ; t4 7 / % - 62 > < 8. w P s / 9+ B - 6" ‘@ %( o -9: fc V d SG-< *{ d 8" 8 <A † N + ‡ V 3( ' -#• h <A qA5 6( o ". K 3 † & + ‡ @ L ) *5 w P uKJ o<F =T - 45 6 =-9: , A ( F - A( (1) tB j d # s 6 V FI V G- I 7 ( " '( i %d E "/ S. w P ' -L |5 @ yL w c s *M L/ 6 Z : >( F M %"F s 6 Z G "/ ' 5 BCA > ? 1 9:" h :5 @ o w P A5 S "" 8F :W >( A @ o < >t25 K 3 w P = @ K" > % 8. =- 3? 7 ( * < Y B l M s VC# '( Y F -]/ l M s8/ 6/ *L F :W >? ]( *5 Y B 8" / 7 +! ?- >4/ V M =-?c( † = - 6 ‡ Y F 8. + N P 2 SKB V M $ "? p (1) s\ * <A b I V dI = @ s-W( sb ' F A%K( s +DN X s +

! Y F 8. + 8. s AK4 5 -GI V M =-?c( y 7 d + ! $ "? y -*Q 4. = @ 7 Y F 7 6 Z < <A = @ ‘@ %( $ "? y d - # + ( ) S/ W 8. S%: = @ - 6" $ < j - #I c 8. < z B

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