Landscape Agroecology and ecosystem services

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Open Archive TOULOUSE Archive Ouverte (OATAO) OATAO is an open access repository that collects the work of Toulouse researchers and makes it freely available over the web where possible.

This is an author’s version published in : http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/

Eprints ID : 16266

To cite this version :

Deconchat, Marc and Thenail, Claudine and Baudry, Jacques and Aviron, Stéphanie and Magda, Daniele Landscape Agroecology and ecosystem services. (2012) In: Agroecology Sessions 2012, 1 February 2012 - 2 February 2012 (Paris, France). (Unpublished)

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Landscape Agroecology

d

t

i

and ecosystem services

Deconchat M.; Thenail C. Baudry J.; Aviron S ; Magda D Aviron S.; Magda D.

Seminar with Dr. Miguel Altieri, Professor of Agroecology at UC Berkeley organized by the Agroecology group of the SAD UC Berkeley organized by the Agroecology group of the SAD division. February 1st 10h00 ‐ 17h00 ENGREF, 19 avenue du

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Landscape agroecology

Landscape agroecology

From Agroecology as a science, a movement and a practice. A review A. Wezel, S. Bellon, T. Dore, C. Francis, D.Vallod, C.David

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« Landscape agroecology: ecology of a

productive countryside »

• Interaction between human‐derived, ‐

managed, and/or –influenced ecosystems • Interaction between those that yieldInteraction between those that yield

useful output and neighboring natural and nonproducing ecosystems

and nonproducing ecosystems

Links with landscape ecology

1) th d t di f h th f ti i f • 1) the understanding of how the functioning of

farming systems within a landscape drive

spatiotemporal landscape patterns, hence part of p p p p , p ecological processes AND

•

2) h th d i f f i t t i di id l 2) how the design of farming systems at individual farms and sets of farms can foster the management of ecological processes, hence of natural resources.g p , • Landscape: spatial organization produced by a society p p g p y y

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Landscape as a resource (stock and changes) Farming systems : Decisions, practices, Decisions, practices, transformations Contribution of farming

Delivered service: biological

corridor, biodiversity conservation farming practices to landscape organization conservation… organization, impact on biodiversity… Farm territorial management Delivered service: Bi l i l l ti Delivered service: Local commu‐ nities Biological regulation Biodiversity as a resource

(stock and changes)

Delivered service: patrimonial service nities (stock and changes) Synergies, antagonisms ?

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Hot issues

• _{Plant & animal movements between habitats.}

Where do they come from?y

• Ecological vs management levels of

organization: which is the best level for organization: which is the best level for agroecology?

• _{Multiple services/multiple managers: how to}

get a compromise for landscape agroecological get a compromise for landscape agroecological engineering?

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Carabid beetles hoverwinter in

woodlot edges

0 15

woodlot edges

Centre 51 0 ²) 0 5 abids/m ² 10 1 Intermediate (nb ca ra 05 Edge Density 15 dge Mean 5 10

abapar ptemad caraur diager carpur carnem _amasim dematr carcan trequa _poecup steteu gy

netr

acubru amaluc braver _amaova calbif acumer _agomue sy

nobs

ancdor micluc nebbre _parmen hardim pseruf braele brascl bracre notqua

a

mafam nebsal _ambnig braexp _ophsab phy

obt

acipic

a

maeur calfus clifos

metlam micneg notruf olistu polcon stopum zupole

0

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Pelosi, C., Goulard, M. and Balent, G. 2010. The spatial scale mismatch between ecological processes and agricultural management: Do difficulties come from underlying theoretical frameworks? Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment 139(4): 455‐462

See also =>

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Birds and farming systems

Few links between Farming systems and bird populations

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Landscapes: levels and scales

• _{Modifications in farms have consequences at}

landscape level: p

– can be difficult to deduce consequences at

landscape level from modifications at the farm landscape level from modifications at the farm level

• _{Availability of spatial data needs careful}

methods

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Landscape agroecological engineering

• How to use and modify landscape y p

structures to improve ecosystem services?

• Policy & regulation of land management

• Policy & regulation of land management • Must consider the social & technical limits and opportunities – Local cultural rules • Involve people (farmers, foresters, land managers ) : managers…) : As producers of patterns that influence biodiversity at different scales h d h As managers who adapt their practices according to landscape structure

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Landscapes change

• _{Slowly for their structure and global pattern}

• _{Rapidly for their land covers (rotation of crops)}_{Rapidly for their land covers (rotation of crops)}

• _{They have (small) components that play key}

l roles

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Models : tools to study landscapes as

complex changing ecological systems

• _{Realistic models (ex: Multi agent models)}

• _{Spatialy explicit/ availability of spatial data}_{Spatialy explicit/ availability of spatial data}

• _{‐‐> In silico landscape}

HoverWinter model (Arrignon et al., 2007)

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Long term and integrated socio‐

ecological studies (LTER)

• Detailed analysis of processes

• HistoryHistory

• Scenario Brittany:Pleine fougères

• Participative research • Interdisciplinarity • Interdisciplinarity • _{Comparative studies:} – Networks: LTER‐Europe, ILTER, ZA, … Gascony: y Hills & Valleys of Gascony