Le Tirou-koural, bréviaire des tamouls

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(1)Le Tirou-koural, bréviaire des tamouls David Annoussamy. To cite this version: David Annoussamy. Le Tirou-koural, bréviaire des tamouls. Colloque international ”Thirukkural, éthique et représentations : La Vertu, la Fortune et l’Amour”, Université de La Réunion; INALCO, Apr 2016, Saint Denis, La Réunion. pp.4–10. �hal-02087337�. HAL Id: hal-02087337 https://hal.univ-reunion.fr/hal-02087337 Submitted on 2 Apr 2019. HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers.. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés..

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(8) possible. Ainsi on est obligé de se résoudre à n'offrir qu'une idée très imparfaite de la perfection de l'expression. Culminance de pensée Le Tirou-koural est un traité complet de la vie pour tous les êtres humains dans toutes les circonstances. Il est réparti en 133 chapitres de dix distiques chacun. Il est divisé en trois parties inégales : sagesse individuelle (38 chapitres), ordre social (70 chapitres), amour (25 chapitres). Depuis le premier frisson de l'amour, rien d'important de la vie personnelle n'est laissé de côté. La vie de société, son impact sur l'individu et les obligations qu'elle engendre reçoivent autant d'attention de la part du poète. Le Tirou-koural ne s'élèverait pas au-dessus des œuvres du même genre s'il ne possédait pas un degré d'excellence introuvable ailleurs. La personnalité exceptionnelle de l'auteur, son immense désir d'améliorer les hommes, et son don de visionnaire apparaissent partout dans l'œuvre. L'excellence se manifeste tant dans les qualités de pensée que dans les qualités de coeur. Qualités de pensée Pour illustrer les qualités de pensée voici quelques distiques révélant finesse, perspicacité, prévoyance, élévation et même de l'audace. Pour la finesse de pensée : L'amour est supérieur au vin car il procure un plaisir certain à la seule pensée. D'où a-t-elle reçu ce feu qui brûle quand je m'écarte et qui est plein de fraîcheur quand je m'approche ? Pour la perspicacité : Bon est le malheur car il sert à jauger l'amitié. La prévoyance : Un homme est susceptible de changer après sa nomination à un poste. Pour l'élévation de pensée : La meilleure façon de punir quiconque a fait du mal est de le confondre en lui faisant du bien. Pour l'audace : Ne pas ôter la vie d'un être même si cela doit coûter la vie à soi-même. Les qualités de cœur : L'auteur accorde autant d'importance aux Qualités de cœur ; il prêche la compassion sans réserve, la sympathie aux humbles, la non-violence absolue et la clémence en toutes circonstances chez tous les hommes.... 5.

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