Sur la modélisation structurelle markovienne en fiabilité du logiciel
Texte intégral
(2) INSTITUT NATIONAL DE RECHERCHE EN INFORMATIQUE ET EN AUTOMATIQUE. Sur la mode´lisation structurelle markovienne en fiabilite´ du logiciel James Ledoux. N˚ 2714 Novembre 1995. PROGRAMME 1. ISSN 0249-6399. apport de recherche.
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