بنية السرد القصص الشعبي بالأوراس

ﻲﻤﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺍﻭ ﱄﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﻢﻴﻠﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺍﺯﻭ

ﺮﻀﳋ ﺝﺎﳊﺍ ﺪﻴﻘﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﻌﻣﺎﺟ

ﺔﻨﺗﺎﺒﺑ

ﻴﻠﻛ

ﻵﺍ ﺔ

ﺕﺎﻐﻠﻟﺍﻭ ﺏﺍﺩ

ﺎﺍﺩﺁﻭ ﺔﻴﺑﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻟﺍ ﻢﺴﻗ

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 م ا ار آد رد   وأ ﻋﺇ ــ ﺔﺒﻝﺎﻁﻝﺍ ﺩﺍﺩ : ﺭﻭﺘﻜﺩﻝﺍ ﺫﺎﺘﺴﻷﺍ ﻑﺍﺭﺸﺇ : ﻕﻝﺎﻓ ﺔﻴﻤﺴ ﷲﺍ ﺏﺎﺠ ﺩﻴﻌﺴﻝﺍ

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ﻢﺳﻻﺍ ﻭ ﺐﻘﻠﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﺒﺗﺮﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﺻﻷﺍ ﺔﻌﻣﺎﳉﺍ ﺔﻔﺼﻟﺍ ﺔﻝﺎﺒﺭﺩﻭﺒ ﺏﻴﻁﻝﺍ ﻲﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﻠﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﺫﺎﺘﺴﺃ ﺔﻨﺘﺎﺒ ﺎـــﺴﻴﺌﺭ ﷲﺍ ﺏﺎﺠ ﺩﻴﻌﺴﻝﺍ ﺃ ﺭﻀﺎﺤﻤ ﺫﺎﺘﺴﺃ ﺔﻨﺘﺎﺒ ﺍﺭﺭﻘﻤﻭ ﺎﻓﺭﺸﻤ ﻱﺭﺩﺎﻗ ﺔﻤﻴﻠﻋ ﻲﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﻠﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﺫﺎﺘﺴﺃ ﺔﻨﻴﻁﻨﺴﻗ ﺍﻭﻀﻋ ﺎـﺸﻗﺎﻨﻤ ﻊﺒﺴﻝﺍ ﻥﺒ ﻕﺍﺯﺭﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ ﻲﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﻠﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﺫﺎﺘﺴﺃ ﺔﻨﺘﺎﺒ ﺎـﺸﻗﺎﻨﻤ ﺍﻭﻀﻋ ﺔﻔﻝﺎﺨﻭﺒ ﻲﺤﺘﻓ ﻲﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﻠﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﺫﺎﺘﺴﺃ ﺔﻠﻴﺴﻤ ﺎـﺸﻗﺎﻨﻤ ﺍﻭﻀﻋ ﺔﻤﻴﻫ ﺩﻴﻤﺤﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ ﻲﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﻠﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﺫﺎﺘﺴﺃ ﺔﻠﻗﺭﻭ ﺎـﺸﻗﺎﻨﻤ ﺍﻭﻀﻋ ةنسلا جلا ةيعما : 1435 -1436 ه / 2014 -2015 م

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ò߇Ôß

ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍﻭ ﺙﺎﺤﺒﻷﺍ ﺔﻋﻭﻤﺠﻤ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺎﻬﺌﺎﻤﺘﻨﺍ ﻥﻋ ﻥﻠﻌﻴ ﺔﺤﻭﺭﻁﻷﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻥﺍﻭﻨﻋ ﺕﻬﺠﻭ ﻲﺒﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺎﻬﺘﻴﺎﻨﻋ . لﺎﻤﻫﻹﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻩﺫﺎﻘﻨﺇﻭ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﺍﺫﻬﺒ ﺀﺎﻔﺘﺤﻻﺍ ﻥﺃ ﺎﻨﻤ ﺎﻴﻋﻭ ﻪﺘﺎﻨﻭﻜﻤ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻭ ﻉﺎﻴﻀﻝﺍﻭ ، ﻑﺍﺭﺘﻋﻻﺍ ﺏﺠﺍﻭ ﺀﺍﺩﻷ ﻰﻠﺜﻤ لﺒﺴ ﻴﻤﺠﻝﺎﺒ ﻪﻴﻋﺩﺒﻤﻝ ل ﺌﺎﺼﻭ ﻴﻨ ﻪ ﺤﻝﺍ ﺭﺒﻋ ﺏﻘ لﺎﻴﺠﻷﺍﻭ ، ﻩﺎﻤﻨﻭ ﻪﻨﻀﺘﺤﺍ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺏﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺡﻭﺭ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻑﺭﻌﺘﻠﻝﻭ ، لﺒﺴ ﺎﻀﻴﺃ ﻲﻫﻭ ﻪﻤﻼﺤﺃﻭ ﻪﻤﻭﻤﻫﻭ ﻪﻠﻜﺎﺸﻤ ﺽﻌﺒ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻑﺭﻌﺘﻠﻝ ﻰﻠﺜﻤ ، ﺎﻬﺒ ﻡﺴﺘﺭﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻡﻭﻤﻬﻝﺍﻭ لﻜﺎﺸﻤﻝﺍ ﻙﻠﺘ ﺩﻭﺠﻭﻝﺎﺒ ﻥﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﺔﻗﻼﻋ ﺩﺎﻌﺒﺃ : ﻥﻭﻜﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺩﻭﺠﻭﻝﺍ ﺔﻋﺎﻤﺠﻝﺍ ﻲﻓﻭ ﻥﻁﻭﻝﺍ ﻲﻓﻭ . ﻩﺫﻫ ﻥﺍﻭﻨﻋﻭ ﺔﺤﻭﺭﻁﻷﺍ ﺀﺎﻤﺘﻨﺍ ﻥﻠﻌﻴ ﻻ ﺎﻫ ﻲﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺘﺎﻤﺴﻗ ﺩﺩﺤﻴ ﺎﻤﻨﺇﻭ ﺏﺴﺤﻓ ﻡﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺓﺯﻴﻤﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺘﺎﻤﺴﻭ ، ﺹﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﻫﺭﺼﻘﻴ ﻭﻬﻓ ﻲﺒﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺔﻘﻁﻨﻤ ﻲﻓ ﻭﻷﺍ ﺱﺍﺭ ، ﺎﻬﻤﺍﺯﺘﻝﺍ ﺩﺩﺤﻴﻭ ﺎﻬﻝﺎﻐﺘﺸﺍ لﺌﺎﺴﻭﻭ ﺹﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻨﻭﻜﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺭﻅﻨﻝﺎﺒ . ﺔﻴﺘﻵﺍ ﺔﻐﻴﺼﻝﺎﺒ ﻥﺍﻭﻨﻌﻝﺍ ﺏﻴﻜﺭﺘ ﻥﺃ ﺢﻀﺍﻭﻭ ﺎﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﺭﻘﺘﺴﺍ ﻲﺘﻝﺍﻭ " : ﺱﺍﺭﻭﻷﺎﺒ ﻲﺒﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺹﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﺒ ." ﺘﺨﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺭﺒﻌﻴ ﺭﺎﻴ ﺔﺤﻭﺭﻁﻷﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺎﻤﻬﺘﻨﺒﺘ ﺭﻭﺼﺘﻭ . ﻡﺎﺨﻝﺍ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﺎﻤ ﻪﻨﻋ ﺏﺭﻌﺘﻓ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺨﻻﺍ ﺎﻤﺃ ، ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺏﻨﺍﻭﺠﻝﺍ ﻪﻨﻋ ﺏﺭﻌﺘﻓ ﺭﻭﺼﺘﻝﺍ ﺎﻤﺃﻭ ﺩﺍﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﻙﻠﺘ ﺔﺠﻝﺎﻌﻤﻝ ﺎﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﺯﻴﻜﺭﺘﻝﺍ ﻡﺘ لﻴﻠﺤﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺱﺭﺩﻝﺎﺒ . ﻥﺎﻴﺒ ﺩﻴﺯﻤ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺝﺎﺘﺤﻴ ﺎﻤﻫﻼﻜﻭ ﻼﺒﻹﺍﻭ ﺡﺎﺼﻓﻹﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻪﺘﺭﺩﻗ ﺕﻨﺎﻜ ﺎﻤﻔﻴﻜ ﻩﺩﺤﻭ ﻥﺍﻭﻨﻌﻝﺍ ﻪﺒ ﺽﻬﻨﻴ ﻻ ﺡﺎﻀﻴﺇﻭ ﻍ . ﺓﺩﺎﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺔﻌﻴﺒﻁ ﻥﻤ ﺕﺁ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﺎﻤ ﻪﻨﻋ ﺭﺒﻌﺘ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺨﻻﺍ ﻥﺇ . ﺢﻀﺍﻭ ﺯﺎﻴﺤﻨﺍ ﺎﻬﻴﻔﻓ ﻪﺘﺍﺯﻴﻤﻤﻭ ﻪﺘﺎﻴﺼﻭﺼﺨ ﻪﻝ ﻲﻋﺍﺩﺒﺇ لﺎﺠﻤ ﻰﻝﺇ . ﺭﻭﺫﻨﻤ ﻉﺍﺩﺒﺇ ﻭﻫ ﺎﻤﺒ ﻲﺒﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻉﺍﺩﺒﻹﺍ لﺎﺠﻤ ﻪﻨﺇ ﺏﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺩﺍﺭﻓﺃ ﺔﻤﺎﻋ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻲﻋﺎﻤﺠﻝﺍ لﺼﺍﻭﺘﻠﻝ ، ﻡﻬﻤﻼﺤﺃﻭ ﻡﻬﻝﺎﻤﺁﻭ ﻡﻬﻤﻭﻤﻫ ﻥﻋ ﻪﺒ ﻥﻭﺭﺒﻌﻴ . ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺨﻻﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺱﻴﻝﻭ ﻥﻼﻤﺎﻜﺘﻤ ﻥﺎﻴﺌﺯﺠ ﻥﺍﺭﺎﻴﺘﺨﺍ ﻪﻠﺨﺍﺩ ﺞﺸﺍﻭﺘﻴ ﻡﺎﻋ ﺭﺎﻁﺇ ﻯﻭﺴ ، ﺎﻤﻬﺒ ﺯﺭﺒﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺙﻭﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻋﻭﻀﻭﻤ ﻥﻤ ﻩﺭﻴﻏ ﻥﻋ ﺔﺤﻭﺭﻁﻷﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤ ﺯﻴﻤﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺼﻭﺼﺨﻝﺍ ﻲﺒﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻉﺍﺩﺒﻹﺍ لﺎﺠﻤﺒ ﺕﻠﻐﺸﻨﺍ ، ﺎﻨﻨﻁﻭ ﻕﻁﺎﻨﻤ ﻯﺩﺤﺇ ﺱﺍﺭﻭﻻﺍ ﺔﻘﻁﻨﻤﺒ ﺎﻤﻬﻝﻭﺃ ﻁﺒﺘﺭﻴ ﺯﻴﺯﻌﻝﺍ ، ﻘﻁﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻲﻓ ﺔﺠﺌﺍﺭﻝﺍ ﺹﺼﻘﻝﺎﺒ ﻲﻨﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﻁﺒﺘﺭﻴﻭ ﺔ . ﺓﺭﻭﻜﺫﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﻴﺘﺨﻻﺍ لﻜﻭ

ﺏﺎﺘﻜ ﻰﻠﻋ لﻭﻷﺍ ﺎﻨﻋﻼﻁﺍ ﺓﺭﺫﺒ ﻕﻴﻤﻋ ﻉﺎﻨﻗﺇ ﺓﺭﻤﺜ ﻩﺎﻴﺎﻀﻗﻭ ﻲﺒﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﻷﺎﺒ : ﻰﻠﻴﻝ ﻥﻴﻝﺯﻭﺭ ﺵﻴﺭﻗ ، ﺔﻴﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺒﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺔﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺫ لﺼﻷﺍ ﻲﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ . ﺎﻨﻝﺎﻐﺸﻨﺍ ﻥﺎﺒﺇ ﻪﻗﻭﺴ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻯﻭﺘﺴﺍﻭ ﻲﻋﻭﻝﺍ ﻙﻝﺫ ﺩﻭﻋ ﺩﺘﺸﺍ ﻡﺜ ﺯﺎﺠﻨﺇ ﺭﻴﺘﺴﺠﺎﻤﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﺎﻬﺸ ، ﻠﻤﺤﻤ ﻙﻝﺫ ﺩﻌﺒ ﺕﺍﻭﻨﺴﻝﺍ ﺕﻝﺍﻭﺘﻭ ﺎﻨﺒﺩﺃ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺯﺎﻴﺤﻨﻻﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺓﺩﻫﺎﺸﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺒﺨﻝﺍﻭ ﺏﺭﺎﺠﺘﻝﺎﺒ ﺔ ﺩﻭﻬﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﺎﺴﺠﻭ ﻡﺎﻬﻤﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻓﻭ ﻥﻴﺼﺼﺨﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﻴﻌﻤﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺜﺤﺎﺒﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻪﻀﺭﻔﺘ ﺏﺠﺍﻭ ﻲﻨﻁﻭﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺭﺩﺎﺼﻤ ﻑﺎﺸﺘﻜﺍ ﺎﻬﺒﻠﻁﺘﻴ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﺎﻬﻔﻴﻨﺼﺘﻭ ﺎﻬﺘﺴﺍﺭﺩﻭ ﻪﺘﺩﺎﻤ ﻥﻋ ﻑﺸﻜﻝﺍﻭ ، ﻥﻭﻜﺘﻝ ﻲﻠﺒﻘﺘﺴﻤ ﻲﻨﻁﻭ ﻲﻓﺎﻘﺜ ﻉﻭﺭﺸﻤ ﻱﺃ ﻲﻓ ﺭﺎﻤﺜﺘﺴﻼﻝ ﺓﺭﺴﻴﻤ ، ﻕﻠﻌﺘ ﺎﻤﻠﻜ ﺏﺠﺍﻭﻝﺍ ﻙﻝﺫ ﺡﺎﺤﻝﺇ ﺩﺍﺩﺯﻴﻭ ﺭﻤﻷﺍ ﺓﺎﻨﺎﻌﻤ ﻲﻨﺎﻌﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻲﺒﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺎﻨﺒﺩﺄﺒ ﺔﻔﻋﺎﻀﻤ ﺔﻋﻭﻨﺘﻤ ﺔﻴﺒﻌﺸ ﺕﺎﻋﻭﻤﺠﻤ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻪﺘﺩﺎﻤ ﻉﺯﻭﺘ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺩﻭﻌﺘ ، ﻪﻨﺎﻤﺭﺤﻭ – ﺎﺒﻝﺎﻏ ﺯﺎﻴﺘﻤﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻥﻴﻭﺩﺘﻝﺍ ، ﻉﺎﻴﻀﻝﺍﻭ ﺭﺎﺜﺩﻨﻻﺍ ﺔﻓﻵ ﺔﻤﻭﺎﻘﻤ لﻗﺃ ﻪﻠﻌﺠﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﻤﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﻙﻝﺫ ، ﻡﺎﻤﺃ ﺍﺩﻭﻤﺼ لﻗﺃﻭ ﺎﻬﻤﻝﺍﻭﻋ ، ﺍ ﺎﻬﺘﻤﺩﻘﻤ ﻲﻓﻭ ﺔﻴﻤﻼﻋﻹﺍ ﺓﺭﻭﺜﻝﺍ لﻅ ﻲﻓ ﻥﻴﻴﺒﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺓﺎﻴﺤ ﺎﻬﺘﻓﺭﻋ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﻻﺩﺒﺘﻝ ﺓﺭﺼﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ، ﺎﻬﺘﻨﺘﻓﻭ ﺔﺜﻭﺜﺒﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﺼﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﻴﻐﻁﻭ ، ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺸﻭ ﺔﻨﻤﻴﻬﻝﺍ ﻊﻴﺭﺎﺸﻤ ﻕﺎﻴﺴ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﻔﻴﻅﻭﺘ ﻡﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻬﺠ لﻜ ﻥﻤ ﺓﺩﺤﺍﻭﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻓﺎﻘﺜﻝﺍ . ﻭﻋﺩﻤ ﻡﻭﻴﻝﺍ ﻲﺒﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻉﺍﺩﺒﻹﺍ ﻥﺇ ﻥﻤ ﺓﺩﺎﻔﺘﺴﻼﻝ ﺕﺎﻴﻨﺎﺴﻠﻝﺍ ﺱﻔﻨﻝﺍ ﻡﻠﻋﻭ ﻉﺎﻤﺘﺠﻻﺍ ﻡﻠﻋﻭ ﻝﺍ ﻡﻠﻋﻭ ﻪﻠﻌﻔﺘﻭ ﻩﺭﻭﻀﺤ ﻱﻭﻘﺘ ﺔﺜﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﻑﺭﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ لﻜﻭ ﺔﻴﺒﺭﺘ . لﺫﺒﺘ ﻡﻝ ﺎﻤ ﺀﻲﺸ ﻕﻘﺤﺘﻴ ﻥﻝﻭ ﺔﻴﻤﻫﺃ ﻙﺭﺩﻴﻭ لﺒﻘﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻑﺭﺸﺘﺴﻴ ﻲﺴﺴﺅﻤ ﻲﻋﻭﺒ ﺓﺭﻁﺅﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﻅﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻤﺠﻝﺍ ﺩﻭﻬﺠﻝﺍ ﺎﻫﺭﺼﺎﻨﻋ ﺩﺩﻌﺘﺒ ﺔﻴﻨﺘﻐﻤ ﺔﻨﺯﺍﻭﺘﻤ ﺔﻴﻨﻁﻭ ﺢﻤﻼﻤ لﻴﻜﺸﺘ ﻲﻓ ﻲﺒﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻉﺍﺩﺒﻹﺍ ﺔﻤﻫﺎﺴﻤ . ﺍﺫﻝ ﻥﻤ ﺀﺯﺠ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﻭﻨ ﻥﻤ ﺱﺒﻗ ﻁﻴﻠﺴﺘ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺎﻨﺩﻤﻋ ﻲﺒﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺎﻨﺒﺩﺃ ، ﻥﻤ ﻩﺫﻘﻨﻴ ﻥﻤ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﺠﺎﺤﺒ ﺎﻨﻨﻷ ﻉﺎﻴﻀﻝﺍﻭ ﻥﺎﻴﺴﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﺘﻋ . لﻤﺠﻤ ﺏﻋﻭﺘﺴﺘﻭ ﻪﻫﺎﺠﺘﺍ ﻁﺒﻀﺘ ﺔﻁﺨ ﻙﻝﺫ ﺎﻨﺭﻴﺴﻝ ﺎﻨﻌﻀﻭ ﻪﻴﻠﻋﻭ ﺔﻠﺌﺴﻷﺍ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺎﻴﺎﻀﻘﻝﺍﻭ ﻷﺍ ﻲﺒﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻲﺼﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﻨﻴﺩﻝ ﺎﻫﺩﻝﻭ ﺏﺨﺘﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﺴﺍﻭﺭ ، ﻙﻝﺫﻝ ﻥﺈﻓ ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤ ﻲﻓ لﺎﻐﺘﺸﻻﺍ

ﻠﻝ ﺊﻴﻬﻴ ﺞﻬﻨﻤﻤﻭ ﻡﻅﻨﻤ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘ ﻊﻀﻭ ﻰﻀﺘﻗﺍ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﺎﻤﻴﻠﺴ ﺎﺤﻴﺤﺼ ﺍﺭﺎﺴﻤ لﻤﻌ ، ﻪﻠﺼﻭﻴﻭ ﺔﻴﻀﺭﻤ ﺔﻴﺎﻬﻨ ﻰﻝﺇ . ﺔﻴﺘﻵﺍ ﺕﻻﺎﻜﺸﻹﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺏﻴﺠﻴﻝﻭ : -؟ﻲﺒﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻲﺼﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺼﻭﺼﺨ ﻲﻫﺎﻤ ﻲﺘﺍﺫﻝﺍ ﻪﻴﻁﻤﻨﺒ ﻲﺒﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﺭﻫﻭﺠ ﻕﺎﻁﻨﺘﺴﺍ ﻱﻭﻴﻨﺒﻝﺍ ﺞﻬﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻉﺎﻁﺘﺴﺍ لﻫ ؟ﻲﻋﻭﻀﻭﻤﻝﺍﻭ -؟ﺔﻴﺒﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺔﺼﻘﻝﺍ لﻴﻠﺤﺘﻝ ﺏﻭﺭﺒ ﺞﻬﻨﻤ ﺢﻠﺼﻴ لﻫ -ﺔﺼﻘﻠﻝ ﻱﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ لﻜﻴﻬﻝﺍ ﺹﺤﻓ ﻥﻜﻤﺃ لﻫ ؟ﻪﻔﺌﺎﻅﻭﻭ ﻪﺘﺎﻨﻭﻜﻤ ﺩﻴﺩﺤﺘﻭ ﺔﻴﺒﻌﺸﻝﺍ -؟ﺔﻴﺒﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺔﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻨﻭﻜﻤ ﻕﺎﻁﻨﺘﺴﺍ ﺞﻬﻨﻤﻜ ﺔﻴﻨﺒﻝﺍ ﺕﻋﺎﻁﺘﺴﺍ لﻫ -؟ﺔﻴﺒﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺼﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﻭﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻪﻝ ﻱﻭﺭﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﻱﻭﺍﺭﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﺩ ﻰﻠﺠﺘﻴ ﻑﻴﻜ ﺕﺎﻴﻨﺒﻝﺍ ﻱﻭﺍﺭﻝﺍ ﻑﻅﻭ ﻑﻴﻜ ﺔﻴﺤﺎﺘﺘﻓﻻﺍ ؟ﺔﻴﺒﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺔﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﻭﻤﻀﻤﻭ ﻰﺸﺎﻤﺘﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ -ﺭﺼﺎﻨﻌﻜ ﺕﺎﻴﺼﺨﺸﻝﺍ ﻪﻴﺩﺅﺘ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﻭﻫ ﺎﻤ ؟ﺙﺍﺩﺤﻷﺍ ﻕﺎﻴﺴ لﺨﺍﺩ ﺔﻴﺩﺭﺴ -؟ﺔﻴﻨﺎﻜﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﻤﺯﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻨﺒﻝﺍ ﻲﺒﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺹﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﻑﻅﻭ ﻑﻴﻜ -؟ﺔﻴﺒﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺹﻘﻠﻝ ﻩﺩﺭﺴ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﺀﺎﻨﺜﺃ ﺩﺭﺎﺴﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺒ ﻊﻠﻁﻀﻴ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ ﻑﺌﺎﻅﻭﻝﺍ ﻲﻫ ﺎﻤ ،ﺕﻻﺅﺎﺴﺘﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻥﻋ ﺔﺒﺎﺠﻺﻝﻭ ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤ ﺔﻌﻴﺒﻁﻝ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﺕﻗﺭﻁﺘ ﺔﻤﺩﻘﻤﺒ لﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﺭﺩﺼ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ، ﺔﺤﻭﺭﻁﻷﺍﻭ ﺎﻬﻨﻋ ﻊﻓﺍﺩﻴ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ، ﺍﻭ ﻩﺭﺎﺘﺨﺃ ﻲﻨﺘﻠﻌﺠ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻊﻓﺍﻭﺩﻝ ، ﺕﻠﻐﺘﺸﺍ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺞﻬﻨﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﻪﺒ ، ﺎﻬﺒ ﺕﻠﺴﻭﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺭﺩﺎﺼﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻋﻭﻨﻭ ، ﺭﺩﺎﺼﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻥﻴﻋﻭﻨ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﺕﺩﻤﺘﻋﺍ ﻲﺘﻝﺍﻭ : 1 -ﻲﻨﺍﺩﻴﻤ ﻱﻭﻔﺸ ﺭﺩﺼﻤ : ﺓﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﻪﺴﺎﺴﺃ : ﻭ ﺀﺎﺴﻨ ﻪﻘﻴﺜﻭﺘﻭ ﻪﻨﻴﻭﺩﺘﻭ ﻥﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻊﻤﺠﻝ لﺎﺠﺭ ؛ ﺔﻴﺘﻭﺼﻝﺍ ﺕﻼﻴﺠﺴﺘﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻪﻴﻓ ﺓﺩﻤﺘﻌﻤ . 2 ﻥﻤ ﻁﻭﻁﺨﻤ ﻭﺃ ﻕﻘﺤﻤ ﺏﻭﺘﻜﻤ ﺭﺩﺼﻤ ﺔﻴﺒﻌﺸ ﺔﻴﺼﺼﻗ ﺔﻋﻭﻤﺠﻤ لﻼﺨ ﺎﻬﻨﻭﺩ ﺩﻤﺤﻤﺃ ﻱﻭﺯﻋ .

ﻲﻨﻨﺃ ﺎﻤﺒﻭ ﺢﻝﺃ ﻥﻭﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺏﻭﺘﻜﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻕﻭﻁﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺹﻭﺼﻨﻝﺍ لﻘﻨ ﻰﻠﻋ ، ﺕﻴﻭﺭ ﺎﻤﻜ ، ﺔﻴﺒﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻜﺍﺫﻝﺍﻭ ﺓﺍﻭﺭﻠﻝ ﺎﻤﺍﺭﺘﺤﺍﻭ لﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﻨﺎﻤﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﻅﺎﻔﺤ ، ﻉﻭﻤﺠﻤ ﻭﻫﻭ ﻕﺤﻠﻤﻠﻝ ﺕﺩﻬﻤ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺎﻫﺩﺩﻋ لﺼﻭ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺹﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﻌﺴﺘﻭ ﻊﺴﺘ ) 99 ( ﺔﺼﻗ ، ﻊﻤﺠﻝﺍ ﺩﻌﺒ ﺎﻬﺘﻴﻘﺘﻨﺍ ﺩﻗﻭ ﻥﻴﻭﺩﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﻑﻴﻨﺼﺘﻝﺍﻭ . ﻙﻝﺫ ﺩﻌﺒ لﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﻲﺘﺄﻴﻝ ﻥﻴﻘﺸ ﻥﻋ ﺓﺭﺎﺒﻋ ﺔﻴﺌﺎﻬﻨﻝﺍ ﻪﺘﻐﻴﺼ ﻲﻓ : ﻥﻤﻀﺘﻴﻭ ﻱﺭﻅﻨ ﻕﺸ ﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﻫﺎﻔﻤ ﺩﻴﺩﺤﺘﺒ ﻲﺒﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻲﺼﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤ ﻥﻋ ﺙﻴﺩﺤﻠﻝ ﺹﺼﺨﻤﻝﺍ لﺨﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﺼﻘﻝﺍﻭ ، ﻲﺼﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍﻭ ، ﺙﻋﺍﻭﺒ ﻰﻝﺇ لﺼﻨﻝ ﺍ ﻪﻠﻴﺼﺄﺘﻭ ﻲﺒﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺹﺼﻘﻝ . ﻘﻴﺒﻁﺘﻝﺍ ﻕﺸﻝﺍ ﺎﻤﺃ ﻲ : لﺼﻔﻝﺍ ﻪﻴﻓ ﺎﻨﺩﺭﻓﺃ لﻭﻷﺍ ﺱﺍﺭﻭﻷﺎﺒ ﺔﻴﺒﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺔﺼﻘﻠﻝ ﺔﻴﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﺒﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻨﻭﻜﻤ ﺭﺎﻬﻅﻹ ، ﻥﻤ لﻭﺍﺩﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻤﻜﻝﺍ ﺙﻴﺤ ، ﺔﻴﺌﺎﻨﺜﻭ لﻼﻬﺘﺴﻻﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﺒ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﻠﻘﻨﺘﻤ ؛ ﺔﻴﺒﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺔﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﻁﺎﻤﻨﺃ ﺩﻴﺩﺤﺘﻭ ﻱﻭﺍﺭﻝﺍ ﻪﻝ ﻱﻭﺭﻤﻝﺍﻭ . ﻲﻨﺎﺜﻝﺍ لﺼﻔﻝﺍ ﺎﻨﺼﺼﺨﻭ ﻯﺩﻤﻝ ﻕﺭﻁﺘﻝﺍ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﻲﺒﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺹﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻔﻴﻅﻭﻝﺍ ﺯﺍﺭﺒﻹ ﻲﻋﻭﻀﻭﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﻲﺘﺍﺫﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻴﻁﻤﻨﺒ ﺔﻴﺒﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺔﺼﻘﻝﺍ لﻴﻠﺤﺘﻝ ﺏﻭﺭﺒ ﺞﻬﻨﻤ ﺔﻴﺤﻼﺼ . ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺙﻝﺎﺜﻝﺍ لﺼﻔﻝﺍ ﻙﻝﺫ ﻼﺘ ﺕﻀﺭﻋ ﻪﻴﻓ ﺕﺎﻴﺼﺨﺸﻠﻝ ﺕﺎﻴﻨﺒﻝﺍ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻴﺌﺎﻜﺤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻠﺜﻤﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺹﻭﺨﺸﻠﻝ ﻯﺭﺒﻜﻝﺍ : ﺕﺎﻴﺼﺨﺸﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻌﺠﺭﻤﻝﺍ ، ﺔﻴﻠﻴﻴﺨﺘﻝﺍﻭ ، ﺔﻴﺒﺌﺎﺠﻌﻝﺍﻭ . ﺕﺎﻴﻨﺒﻝﺍ ﻡﺜ ﻯﺭﻐﺼﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﺼﺨﺸﻠﻝ ﺍ ﻲﻠﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺝﺫﻭﻤﻨﻝﺍ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ لﻤﺘﺸﻤﻝ : ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺍ / ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤﻝﺍ ، لﺴﺭﻤﻝﺍ / ﻪﻴﻝﺇ لﺴﺭﻤﻝﺍ ، ﺩﻋﺎﺴﻤﻝﺍ / ﻕﻴﻌﻤﻝﺍ ) ﺽﺭﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ .( ﻊﺒﺍﺭﻝﺍ لﺼﻔﻝﺍ ﺎﻤﺃ ﺕﺤﺭﻁ ﺕﺎﻴﻨﺒﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻠﺠﺘﻤ ﺎﻬﺘﺩﺠﻭ ﺙﻴﺤﺒ ﻲﺼﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻝﺁ ﻪﻴﻓ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﻜﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﻤﺯﻝﺍ ، ﻱﻭﺍﺭﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻔﻅﻭ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻎﻴﺼﻝﺍﻭ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻠﺜﻤﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ ﺔﻓﺎﺴﻤﻝﺍ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﻲﻜﺤﻭ لﺍﻭﻗﻷﺍ ﻲﻜﺤ ﺙﺍﺩﺤﻷﺍ ﺍﻭ ﻱﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﻅﻨﻤﻝ . ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻴﻝﺇ ﺕﻠﺼﻭﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺞﺌﺎﺘﻨﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﺕﺩﺩﺤ ﺔﻤﺘﺎﺨﺒ لﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﺕﻠﻴﺫﻭ .

ﻥﻋ ﺏﺭﻌﺘ ﺔﻴﺴﺍﺭﻭﻷﺍ ﺔﻴﺒﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺔﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺎﻨﺘﺤﻭﺭﻁﺃ ﺯﺎﺠﻨﻹ ﺎﻫﺎﻨﻌﻀﻭ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻁﺨﻝﺍ ﻥﺇ ﺎﻨﻠﻤﻋ ﻪﺠﻭ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻲﺠﻬﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﺼﺘﻝﺍ . ﺞﻬﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻪﺘﺼﻼﺨ ﻲﻝﻭﺃ ﺃﺩﺒﻤ ﻥﻤ ﻕﻠﻁﻨﻴ ﺭﻭﺼﺘ ﻭﻫﻭ ﺔﻴﺎﻏ ﺕﺴﻴﻝﻭ ﺔﻠﻴﺴﻭ . ﺃ ﻙﻝﺫ ﻰﻨﻌﻤﻭ ﺓﺍﺩﺃ ﻪﻨ ﺕﺎﻀﺍﺭﺘﻓﻻﺍ ﺔﺤﺼ ﻥﻤ ﻕﻘﺤﺘﻝﺍ ﺙﺤﺎﺒﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﺴﻴﺘ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﺎﻤ ﺎﻬﺒ ﻪﺘﺭﻏﺃ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ، ﺽﻭﺨﺒ ﻡﺯﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺤ ﺎﻫﺩﺩﺤ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻑﺍﺩﻫﻷﺍ ﻍﻭﻠﺒ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻩﺩﻋﺎﺴﺘﻭ ﺔﻠﺤﺭ ﺎﻬﻴﻓﻭ ﺓﺩﺎﻤﻝﺍ ﻙﻠﺘ ﻥﻋ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ . ﺔﺤﻭﺭﻁﻷﺍ ﻩﺫﻬﻝ ﺎﺴﺴﺅﻤ ﺎﻓﺩﻫ ﺔﻴﺴﺍﺭﻭﻻﺍ ﺔﻴﺒﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺹﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﻭﺩﺘ ﻥﺎﻜ ﺍﺫﺇﻭ ، ﻥﺈﻓ ﻤ ﺎﻬﺒ ﺎﻨﺍﺭﻏﺃ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻀﺍﺭﺘﻓﻻﺍ ﻪﻝﺎﻐﺘﺸﺍ لﺌﺎﺴﻭ لﻭﺤ ﺯﻜﺭﺘﺘ ﻪﻨﻴﻭﺩﺘﻭ ﻪﻌﻤﺠ ﺔﺒﺭﺠﺘﻭ ﺎﻬﻨﺘ . ﺩﻗﻭ ﺔﻴﺠﻬﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺒﺭﺎﻘﻤﻝﺍ ﺩﺩﻌﺘ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻊﻤﺠﻝﺍ ﻪﺒ ﺔﻓﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻀﺍﺭﺘﻓﻻﺍﻭ ﺱﺴﺅﻤﻝﺍ ﻑﺩﻬﻝﺍ ﻰﻀﺘﻗﺍ ﺓﺩﻋﺎﺴﻤﻝﺍ ، ﻑﻴﻨﺼﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﻑﺼﻭﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺎﻨﺄﺠﻠﻓ ،لﻴﻠﺤﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺠﻭﻝﻭﻓﺭﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﺒﺭﺎﻘﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻨﺩﻔﺘﺴﺍﻭ ، ﺔﻴﺠﻭﻝﻭﻴﻤﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﺔﺒﺭﺎﻘﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺀﺍﺭﺠﺇ ﺎﻨﺭﻤﺜﺘﺴﺍ لﺎﻤﻜ . ﻭ ﺔﻴﺼﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﺎﻤﻝﺍ ﻊﻤﺠ ﺕﺎﺒﻭﻌﺼ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺕﻓﺎﻀﻨﺍ ﺕﺎﺒﻭﻌﺼ ﻥﻭﺩ ﻙﻝﺫ ﺭﻤﻴ ﻡﻝ ، ﺔﻠﺜﻤﻤﻝﺍ لﻜﺸﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺎﺴﺎﺴﺃ " ﺔﻴﻭﻔﺸﻝﺍ " ﺓﺩﻘﻌﻤﻭ ﺔﺒﻌﺼ ﺔﻝﺄﺴﻤ ﺹﻭﺼﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﺒﺎﺘﻜ ﺕﻠﻌﺠ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ، ﻥﻤ ﺩﺠﻭﻴ ﺎﻤﻝ ﺎﻫﺩﻋﺍﻭﻗﻭ ﺔﺤﻴﺼﻔﻝﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺕﺎﻓﻼﺘﺨﺍ ، ﺔﺠﺭﺍﺩﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒﻭ ﻙﻝﺫﻜ ﺎﻬﺘﺎﻴﺼﻭﺼﺨ ﺎﻬﻝ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ . ﺔﻓﺎﻀﺇ ﺫﻫ ﺕﻠﻌﺠ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺯﺎﺠﻨﻹﺍ ﻑﻭﺭﻅ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺍﺭﻴﺜﻜ ﺭﺨﺄﺘﺘﻭ ﻼﻴﻭﻁ ﺎﻨﻤﺯ ﻕﺭﻐﺘﺴﺘ ﺔﺤﻭﺭﻁﻷﺍ ﻩ . ﻥﻜﻝ ﺩﺌﺍﻭﻓ ﻥﻭﺩ ﻪﻠﻜ ﺽﻤﻴ ﻡﻝ ﻙﻝﺫ ، ﻰﻨﺩﺃ ﻥﻤ ﺩﻭﻌﺼﻝﺍﻭ ﻁﺎﺒﺤﻹﺍ ﺔﻤﻭﺎﻘﻤﻭ ﺭﺒﺼﻝﺍ ﺎﻨﻤﻠﻌﺘ ﺩﻘﻓ ﻁﻴﺒﺜﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻜﺭﺩ . لﺌﺎﺴﻭﻭ ﺕﺎﻴﻝﺁ ﻲﻋﺩﺘﺴﻴ ﺙﺤﺒ لﻜ ﻥﺈﻓ لﺼﺎﺤ لﻴﺼﺤﺘ ﻥﻤﻭ ، ﺭﺩﺎﺼﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺘﻤﺩﻘﻤ ﻲﻓﻭ ﻊﺠﺍﺭﻤﻝﺍﻭ ، ﻲﻫ ﻻﺎﻤﺠﺇ ﻲﻨﺘﻔﻌﺴﺃ ﻲﺘﻝﺍﻭ : • ﷲﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ ﻡﻴﻫﺍﺭﺒﺇ : ﺔﻴﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ ) ﻲﺌﺎﻜﺤﻝﺍ ﺙﻭﺭﻭﻤﻠﻝ ﺔﻴﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﺒﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺙﺤﺒ ﻲﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ .( • ﻠﻴﺒﻨ ﻡﻴﻫﺍﺭﺒﺇ ـ ﺔ : ﺘﻝﺍ لﺎﻜﺸﺃ ﺒﻌ ﻲﺒﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺭﻴ . • : ﺔﻴﻌﻗﺍﻭﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﻴﺴﻨﺎﻤﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻲﺒﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺎﻨﺼﺼﻗ . • : ﺔﻴﺒﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ

• لﻴﻋﺎﻤﺴﺇ ﻥﺴﺤ : ﺱﺍﻭﻨ ﻲﺒﺃ ﺩﻨﻋ لﻼﻬﺘﺴﻻﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﻌﺸ ) ﻨﺒ ﻲﻓ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﺏﺴﺎﻨﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴ ﺼﻨﻝﺍ ﻲ .( • ﺭﻴﻤﻴﺩﻼﻓ ﺏﻭﺭﺒ : ﺔﻴﻓﺍﺭﺨﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺎﻜﺤﻝﺍ ﺎﻴﺠﻭﻝﻭﻓﺭﻭﻤ . • ﻼﺸﺎﺒ ﻥﻭﺘﺴﺎﻏ ﺭ : ﻥﺎﻜﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻝﺎﻤﺠ . • ﻜﻨﺒ ـ ﺩﻴﻌﺴ ﺩﺍﺭ : ﺔﻴﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺌﺎﻴﻤﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ لﺨﺩﻤ . • ﻥﺎﻤﺤﺭﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ ﻲﺴﻴﺭﺎﺴﻝﺍ : ﻲﻨﻴﻁﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ﻊﻤﺘﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﺒﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺎﻜﺤﻝﺍ . • ﺵﻴﺭﻗ ﻰﻠﻴﻝ ﻥﻴﻝﺯﻭﺭ : ﻲﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ لﺼﻷﺍ ﺕﺍﺫ ﺔﻴﺒﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺔﺼﻘﻝﺍ . • ﺀﺍﺭﻏ ﺎﻨﻬﻤ ﻥﻴﺴﺤ : ﺔﻴﺒﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺎﻜﺤﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﺃ . • ﻑﺴﻭﻴ ﺩﻤﺤﻤ ﻡﺠﻨ : ﺔﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﻓ . • ﺩﻴﻌﺴ ﻥﻴﻁﻘﻴ : ﻲﺌﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﻁﺤﻝﺍ لﻴﻠﺤﺘ ) ﻥﻤﺯﻝﺍ ، ﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ ، ﺭﻴﺌﺒﺘﻝﺍ .( • ﻰﻔﻁﺼﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻝﺫﺎﺸﻝﺍ : ﻁﺴﻭﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺽﻴﺒﻷﺍ ﺭﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﻁﻴﺤﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﺒﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺔﺼﻘﻝﺍ . • ﺭﻴﻤﺴ ﻲﻗﻭﺯﺭﻤﻝﺍ ، لﻴﻤﺠ ﺭﻜﺎﺸ : ﺔﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨ ﻰﻝﺇ لﺨﺩﻤ ) ﺎﻘﻴﺒﻁﺘﻭ ﻼﻴﻠﺤﺘ .( • ﺩﻴﻤﺤ ﻲﻨﺍﺩﻴﻤﺤﻝ : ﺔﻴﻨﺒ ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﻅﻨﻤ ﻥﻤ ﻱﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ . ﺩﻘﺘﺃ ﻡﺎﺘﺨﻝﺍ ﻲﻓﻭ ﻡ لﻴﻠﺠﻝﺍ ﺎﻨﺫﺎﺘﺴﺃ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻥﺎﻨﺘﻤﻻﺍﻭ ﺭﻜﺸﻝﺍ لﻴﺯﺠﺒ ﺭﻭﺘﻜﺩﻝﺍ : ﺏﺎﺠ ﺩﻴﻌﺴﻝﺍ ﷲﺍ ، ﻪﻤﻬﻔﺘ ﻥﺴﺤﻭ ﻩﺭﺒﺼ ﻰﻠﻋ ، ﺤ ﺔﻌﺴﻭ ﻤﻠ ﻪ ، ﺎﻫﺎﻨﻔﻝﺃ لﺎﺼﺨ ﻙﻠﺘﻭ ﻪﻴﻓ . ﺭﺤﺃ ﻡﺩﻗﺃ ﻪﻴﻝﺈﻓ ﻥﺴﺤﺃ ﻪﺒﻴﺜﻴ ﻥﺃﻭ ﷲﺍ ﻪﻅﻔﺤﻴ ﻥﺄﺒ ﺀﺎﻋﺩﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﻓﻭﻤﻭ ﻑﺍﺭﺘﻋﻻﺍ لﻴﻤﺠﻭ ﺭﻜﺸﻝﺍ ﺎﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺏﺍﻭﺜﻝﺍ ﻯﺩﺴﺃ ﺎﻤ ﻰﻠﻋﻭ ﻡﺩﻗ ، لﻀﻓ ﺭﻜﺸﺃ ﻥﺃ ﻲﻨﺘﻭﻔﻴ ﻻﻭ ﺭﻭﺘﻜﺩﻝﺍ ﺫﺎﺘﺴﻷﺍ : ﺏﻴﻁﻝﺍ ﺔﻝﺎﺒﺭﺩﻭﺒ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻩﺭﺩﺼ ﺔﻌﺴﻭ ﻪﻤﺎﻤﺘﻫﺍ ، ﻲﺘﻠﺤﺍﺭ ﺕﻌﻀﻭ ﻥﺃ ﺫﻨﻤ ﻪﻤﻠﻋﻭ ﻪﺘﻗﻭﻭ ﻪﺘﺎﻬﻴﺠﻭﺘﺒ ﻲﻠﻋ لﺨﺒﻴ ﻡﻠﻓ ﻩﺩﻨﻋ .

ﺝﺭﺎﺨﻝﺎﺒ ﻑﺭﺸﻤﻝﺍ ﻱﺫﺎﺘﺴﺃ ﺭﻜﺸﺃ ﻥﺃ ﺎﻀﻴﺃ ﻲﻨﺘﻭﻔﻴ ﻻﻭ : ﺭﻭﺘﻜﺩﻝﺍ ﺫﺎﺘﺴﻷﺍ : ﻲﺒﻨﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ ﺭﻜﺍﺫ – ﺔﻌﻤﺎﺠ ﺭﻫﺯ ﻥﺒﺍ – ﺭﻴﺩﺎﻏﺃ -،ﺏﺭﻐﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻘﻓﺭ ﺓﺩﻋﺎﺴﻤﻭ ﻥﻭﻋ ﻥﻤ ﻲﻝ ﻪﻤﺩﻗ ﺎﻤ لﻜ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻩﺀﻼﻤﺯ ﺓﺫﺘﺎﺴﻷﺍ ﺱﻤﺎﺨﻝﺍ ﺩﻤﺤﻤ ﺔﻌﻤﺎﺠﺒ – لﺍﺩﻜﺃ -ﻁﺎﺒﺭﻝﺍ . ﺭﻭﺘﻜﺩﻝﺍﻭ : ﻱﺍﻭﺩﻤﺤ لﻴﻤﺠ – ﺭﻭﻅﺎﻨﻝﺍ . ﺭﻭﺘﻜﺩﻝﺍﻭ : ﺩﻴﻌﺴ ﻥﻴﻁﻘﻴ -ﻁﺎﺒﺭﻝﺍ . ﺭﻴﺩﻘﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺭﻜﺸﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﺁ ﻰﻤﺴﺃ ﺎﻌﻴﻤﺠ ﻲﻨﻤ ﻡﻬﻠﻓ لﻴﻤﺠﻝﺎﺒ ﻥﺎﻓﺭﻌﻝﺍﻭ . ﻱﺩﻬﺠ ﺍﺫﻬﻓ – ﻥﺫﺇ -ﻪﻤﺩﻗﺃ ، ﻤﻓ ﺎ ﺏﺍﻭﺼ ﻥﻤ ﻪﻴﻓ ﻥﺎﻜ ، ﷲﺍ ﻥﻤﻓ ، ﺭﺩﺼ ﺔﻌﺴﻭ ﺽﻴﻓ ﻥﻤﻭ ﻑﺭﺸﻤﻝﺍ ﻱﺫﺎﺘﺴﺃ ، ﺓﺭﻴﺴﻌﻝﺍ ﻑﻭﺭﻅﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻔﻌﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻠﻴﺴﻭﻝﺍ ﺔﻠﻘﻠﻓ ﻙﻝﺫ ﻥﻭﺩ ﻥﺎﻜ ﺎﻤﻭ . ﻩﺎﻨﻤﺩﻗ ﺎﻤﻭ ﻡﻬﻤﻠﻋ ﻥﻤ ﻥﻭﻌﻝﺍ ﺩﻴ ﻪﻝ ﺍﻭﺩﻤﻴ ﻥﺃ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺝﺎﺘﺤﻤ ﻪﺌﺍﻭﺘﺴﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﻨﺼﺭﺤﻭ ﻪﻴﻓ ﺎﻨﺩﺎﻬﺘﺠﺍ ﻥﻜﻴ ﺎﻤﻬﻤ ﻡﻬﺘﺎﻬﻴﺠﻭﺘﻭ ﻡﻬﺘﺭﺒﺨﻭ . ﻲﻨﺘﻭﻔﻴ ﻻ ﺎﻤﻜ ﻥﺃ ﺴ ﷲﺍ لﺄﺴﺃ ﻱﺃﺭﻝﺍ ﺩﺍﺩ ، لﻭﻘﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﺼﻋﻭ ، ﺎﻤ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺕﻘﻓﻭ ﺩﻗ ﻲﻨﻨﺃ ﻭﺠﺭﺃﻭ ﻪﻴﻝﺇ ﻭﺒﺼﺃ ، ﺀﺍﺭﺜﺇ ﻲﻓ لﻴﻠﻘﻝﺍ ﺭﺯﻨﻝﺎﺒ ﻭﻝﻭ ﺕﻤﻫﺎﺴﻭ ﺎﻨﺘﺒﺘﻜﻤ ﺔﻴﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﻉﺭﺯ ﻥﻤ ﻡﻠﺤ ﻕﻴﻘﺤﺘ ﻲﻓﻭ ﺎﻤﻭﻴ ﻲﻓ ﻪﺘﺭﺫﺒ .

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لﺨﺩﻤ : ﻲﺒﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻲﺼﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤ ﺃ -ﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤ ﺼ ﻲﺒﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻲ 1 -ﺔﻐﻝ ﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ 2 -ﺎﺤﻼﻁﺼﺍ 3 -ﺕﺎﻫﺎﺠﺘﺍ ﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ ﻡﻠﻋ ﺃ -ﻩﺎﺠﺘﻻﺍ لﻭﻷﺍ ﺏ -ﻩﺎﺠﺘﻻﺍ ﻲﻨﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﺝ -ﻩﺎﺠﺘﻻﺍ ﺙﻝﺎﺜﻝﺍ 4 -ﺔﻐﻝ ﺔﺼﻘﻝﺍ 5 -ﺎﺤﻼﻁﺼﺍ 6 ﻲﺼﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ ﺏ / ﻲﺒﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻲﺼﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤ 1 ( -ﺔﻴﻝﺎﻜﺸﺇ ﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﺢﻠﻁﺼﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﺼ ﻲﺒﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺝ -ﻲﺒﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺹﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﺙﻋﺍﻭﺒ ﺩ ﻲﺒﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺹﺼﻘﻝﺍ لﻴﺼﺄﺘ -ﺝﺎﺘﻨﺘﺴﺍ

ﺢﻠﻁﺼﻤ ﺩﻌﻴ ﺔﻴﺼﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺤﻠﻁﺼﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﺜﻜﺃ ﻥﻤ ﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ لﺩﺠﻠﻝ ﺓﺭﺎﺜﺇ ، ﺏﺒﺴﺒ ﺕﺎﻓﻼﺘﺨﻻﺍ ﺭﻭﺘﻌﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻪﻤﻭﻬﻔﻤ ، ﻪﻨﻤﻀﺘﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﻴﺩﻌﻝﺍ ﺕﻻﺎﺠﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﻭ ﻪﻋﺯﺎﻨﺘﺘ ، ﺍﺩﺩﻋ لﻤﺸﻴ ﻪﻨﺃﻭ ﺔﺼﺎﺨ لﻭﺤ ﺎﻬﻠﻤﺠﻤﺒ ﺓﺭﻭﺤﻤﺘﻤﻝﺍ لﺎﻜﺸﻷﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺹﻘﻝﺍ ، لﺎﺜﻤﻷﺍﻭ ، ﺭﺩﺍﻭﻨﻝﺍﻭ ، ﺭﻴﺴﻝﺍﻭ ، ﻭ ﻡﺠﺍﺭﺘﻝﺍ ... ﻪﻴﻠﻋﻭ ﺃ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﻫﺎﻔﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺩﻴﺩﻌﻝﺍ ﻙﺎﻨﻬﻓ ﺢﻠﻁﺼﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﻡﺩﺨﺘﺴ ، ﺢﻠﻁﺼﻤ ﻥﻭﺜﺤﺎﺒﻝﺍ ﻕﻠﻁﺃ ﺩﻘﻓ ﻪﻔﺼﻭﺒ ﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ ﺢﻠﻁﺼﻤﻝ ﺎﻓﺩﺍﺭﻤ ) ﺹﻘﻝﺍ ( ﺢﻠﻁﺼﻤﻝﻭ ) ﻲﻜﺤﻝﺍ ( ﺢﻠﻁﺼﻤﻝﻭ ) ﺏﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍ (. ؟ﻡﻴﻫﺎﻔﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﺎﺤﻠﻁﺼﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻥﻤ ﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ ﻥﻭﻜﻴ ﻥﻴﺄﻓ ﻴﺃﻭ ﺉﺩﺘﺒﻴ ﻥﻴﺃ ﻲﻬﺘﻨﻴ ﻥ ﻥﻴﺃﻭ ؟ ﺘﻻﺎﺠﻤ ﺭﺼﺤﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺩﻭﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﻲﻫ ﻪ ﺎﻤﻭ ؟ ﺍ ﻲﻫ ؟ﻪﺘﺎﻫﺎﺠﺘ .... ﺭﺴﻠﻝ لﻤﺎﻜﺘﻤ ﻲﻝﻭﻤﺸ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻑﻭﻗﻭﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﻜ ﺎﻨﻫ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻴﺭﻭﺭﻀ ﺍﺭﻤﺃ ﺩ ، ﻥﻤ ﻥﻜﻤﺘﻨﻝ ﺍ ﻡﻫﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻑﻭﻗﻭﻝﺍ ﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ؛ﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤﻝ ﺕﺩﺭﻭ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﻴﺩﺤﺘﻝ ل ﺕﺎﻴﻁﻌﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺩﺎﻤﺘﻋﻻﺍ ﺔﻴﺒﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺩﻭﺭﺴﻠﻝ ﻪﺘﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﻲﻓ ﺔﺼﺎﺨ ﻲﻨﻼﻜﺸﻝﺍ ﺞﻬﻨﻤﻝ ﺔﺒﻭﺘﻜﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻭﺭﻤﻝﺍ ، لﻌﺠﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺭﻤﻷﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻻﻭﺒﻘﻤ ﺍﺭﻤﺃ ؛ﻲﻨﻼﻜﺸﻝﺍ ﺞﻬﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻕﻓﻭ ﻲﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﻲﺌﺎﻜﺤﻝﺍﻭ ﻲﺒﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ لﺎﻜﺸﺃ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﺔﻴﺠﻬﻨﻤ ﺭﻅﻨ ﺔﻬﺠﻭ ، ﺕﻠﻤﺎﻌﺘ ﺔﻴﻨﻼﻜﺸﻝﺍ ﺩﻭﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﻥﺃﻭ ﺔﺼﺎﺨ ﻯﻭﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋﻭ لﺼﻷﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻲﺌﺍﺭﺠﻹﺍ ﻱﺫﻝﺍﻭ ﻱﻭﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﺒﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺙﺍﺭﺘﻝﺍ ﻊﻤ ﻅﻔﺘﺤﺘ ﻥﻤ ﺏﻴﺼﻨﺒ ﺔﻤﺃ لﻜ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺙﺭﻹﺍ ﻲﺌﺎﻜﺤﻝﺍ ، ﻤﻴﻗ ﺎﻴﻨﺎﺴﻨﺇ ﻰﻁﻌﻤ ﻪﻔﺼﻭﺒ ﺕﺭﻤﺜﺘﺴﺍ ﺍﺫﻝ ﻪﺘﻴﺼﻭﺼﺨﻭ ﻪﺘﻴﻤﻫﺃ ﻪﻝ ﺎ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻔﺌﺎﻁ ﺔﺜﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻝﺁ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﺓﺩﻨﺘﺴﻤ ﻲﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ لﺎﻜﺸﺃ ﺕﺼﺤﻓﻭ ﺞﻬﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ 1 . ﻪﺴﺭﺩﻨ ﻑﻭﺴ ﺎﻤ ﺍﺫﻫﻭ . ﺃ -ﻲﺼﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤ : 1 -ﺔﻐﻝ ﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ : ﺔﻤﻠﻜ ﻥﻋ ﺎﻨﺘﺤﺒ ﺍﺫﺇ ) ﺩﺭﺴ ( ﻲﻓ ﺩﺠﻨ ﻲﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺙﺍﺭﺘﻝﺍ ﻤ لﻭﺤ ﺭﻭﺩﺘ ﺎﻬﻴﻨﺎﻌ : ﻭ ﻊﺒﺎﺘﺘﻝﺍ ﻕﺎﺴﺘﻻﺍ ﺞﺴﻨﻝﺍﻭ ، ﻙﺒﺴﻝﺍﻭ ، ﻥﻼﻓ لﺎﻘﻴ ) ﺩﺭﺴﻴ ( ﺎﺘﻭ ﻪﻌﺒﺎﺘ ﺍﺫﺇ ﺍﺩﺭﺴ ﺙﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﻑﻭﻗﻭ ﻥﻭﺩ ﻪﺘﺎﻤﻠﻜ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻊﺒ ، ﻪﻝ ﻕﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﺩﻴﺠ ﻥﺎﻜﻓ 2 . 1 ،ﺏﺭﻐﻤﻝﺍ ،لﺎﻘﺒﻭﺘ ﺭﺍﺩ ،لﻴﻭﺄﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺎﻜﺤﻝﺍ ،ﻭﻁﻴﻠﻜ ﺡﺎﺘﻔﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ 1988 ﻁ ،ﻡ 1 ﺹ ، 06 /. ﻭ / ﺭﺴﻝﺍ ،ﻱﺩﺭﻜﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﻤﺤﺭﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ ﺩ ﺓﺭﺼﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ) ﻪﻠﻅ ﺩﻘﻓ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ لﺠﺭﻝﺍ ( ﻡﻴﺩﻘﺘ ، : ،ﺓﺭﻫﺎﻘﻝﺍ ،ﺏﺍﺩﻵﺍ ﺔﺒﺘﻜﻤ ،ﻱﺩﺍﻭ ﻪﻁ 2006 ﻁ ،ﻡ 1 ﺹ ، 99 . 2 -ﻱﺯﺍﺭﻝﺍ ) ﺭﺩﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ ﺭﻜﺒ ﻲﺒﺃ ﻥﺒ ﺩﻤﺤﻤ ( ،ﻥﺎﻨﺒﻝ ،ﺕﻭﺭﻴﺒ ،لﻼﻬﻝﺍ ﺔﺒﺘﻜﻤﻭ ﺭﺍﺩ ،ﻥﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﺒ ،ﺡﺎﺤﺼﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﺘﺨﻤ ، 1988 ،ﻡ ﺹ ،ﻁﺩ 294 .

ﺏﺤﺎﺼ لﻭﻘﻴﻭ ﺏﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﺴﻝ ": ﺍﻭ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻬﻬﺒﺸﺃ ﺎﻤﻭ ﻕﻠﺤﻝﺍ ﺭﺌﺎﺴﻭ ﻉﻭﺭﺩﻠﻝ ﻊﻤﺎﺠ ﻡﺴﺍ ﺩﺭﺴﻝ ﻕﻠﺨﻝﺍ لﻤﻋ ، ﻲﻤﺴﻭ ﺩﺭﺴ ﺍ لﻜ ﻑﺭﻁ ﺏﻘﺜﻴﻓ ﺩﺭﺴﻴ ﻪﻨﻷ ﺭﺎﻤﺴﻤﻝﺎﺒ ﺔﻘﻠﺤ ، ﻕﻠﺤﻝﺍ ﻙﻝﺫﻓ ﺩﺭﺴﻤﻝﺍ ، لﺠﻭ ﺯﻋ ﻪﻝﻭﻗﻭ : ﴿ ًﺃ ﹺﻥ ﹶﺍ ﻋ ﻤ ْل ﺴ ﹺﺒﺎ ﹶﻐ ﺕﺎ ﻭ ﹶﻗﺩ ﺭ ﻓ ﺴﻝﺍ ﻲ ﺭ ﺩ ﴾ * . ﻭﻫ لﻴﻗ : " ﺎﻅﻴﻠﻏ ﺭﺎﻤﺴﻤﻝﺍ لﻌﺠﺘ ﻻﺃ ، ﺎﻘﻴﻗﺩ ﺏﻘﺜﻝﺍﻭ ، ﻕﻠﺤﻝﺍ ﻡﺼﻔﻴﻓ ، ﺭﺎﻤﺴﻤﻝﺍ لﻌﺠﺘ ﻻﻭ لﻘﻠﻘﺘﻴﻓ ﺎﻌﺴﺍﻭ ﺏﻘﺜﻝﺍﻭ ﺎﻘﻴﻗﺩ ، ﻊﻠﺨﻨﻴ ﻭﺃ ، ﻑﺼﻘﻨﻴ ﻭﺃ ، ﻪﻠﻌﺠﺍ ﺔﺠﺎﺤﻝﺍ ﺭﺩﻗﻭ ﺩﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ " 1 . ﺩﺭﻭﺃﻭ ) ﺭﻭﻅﻨﻤ ﻥﺒﺍ ( ﺘﺴﺍ ﺽﻌﺒ ﻲﻓ ﻕﻠﻌﺘﺘ ﻯﺭﺨﺃ ﻲﻨﺎﻌﻤ ﺎﻀﻴﺃ ﻥﻔﺒ ﺔﻤﻴﺩﻘﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺘﻻﺎﻤﻌ لﻭﻘﻝﺍ ﻪﻘﻴﻭﺯﺘﻭ ﺙﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﻙﺒﺴ ﻰﻠﻋ 2 . ﻴﻀﻴﻭ ﻑ ) ﺨﻤﺯﻝﺍ ﻱﺭﺸ ( ﺔﻏﻼﺒﻝﺍ ﺱﺎﺴﺃ ﻲﻓ : " ﺩﺭﺴ ﻡﻭﺠﻨﻭ ، ﺔﻌﺒﺎﺘﺘﻤ ، لﺎﻗ : ﻋﺩ ــ ﺩﺭﺴ ﻡﻭﺠﻨﻝﺍﻭ ﺍﺩﻌﺴ ﺕﻭ ﻫﺭﻴﻏﻭ ﺔﻠﺤﺭﻝ ـــ ﺩﻭﻴ ﺎ ﻘﻓ ـ ﻤ ﻡﻨ لﺎ ـ ﻌﺒ ﺩﻼﺒﻠﻝ ﺎ ـ ﺩ ﻨَﺃ ـ ـ ﹶﻨﻝﺍ ﻙﻝ ﻰ ـ ﻭ ﺴﺎﻴ ﻡ ﻌﺩ لﺎﻘﻓ ؟ﻡﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﺭﻬﺸﻷﺍ ﺎﻤ ﻲﺒﺍﺭﻋﻷﺍ لﻴﻗﻭ : ﺩﺭﻓ ﺓﺩﺤﺍﻭ ﺩﺭﺴ ﺔﺜﻼﺜ ** ، ﻊﺒﺎﺘﺘ ﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﺩﺭﺴﺘﻭ ﻡﺎﻅﻨﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ [...] ﺓﺀﺍﺭﻘﻝﺍﻭ ﺙﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﺩﺭﺴﻭ : ﺀﻻﻭ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﻤﻬﺒ ﺀﺎﺠ [...] . ﺩﹺﺭﺴﻤ ﺵﺎﻤﻭ : ﻊﺒﺎﺘﻴ ﻪﻴﺸﻤ ﻲﻓ ﻩﺎﻁﺨ ." 3 ﺓﺩﺎﻤ ﻲﻨﺎﻌﻤ ﻥﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻊﻤﺠﺘ ﺔﻘﺒﺎﺴﻝﺍ ﻑﻴﺭﺎﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻰﻝﺇ لﺼﻨ ﻕﺒﺴ ﺎﻤﻤ ) ﺩﺭﺴ ( ﻲﻓ ﻲﻨﻌﺘ ﺞﺴﻨﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻠﻤﺠﻤ ﻭ ﻡﻅﺘﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻊﺒﺎﺘﺘﻝﺍ ، ﺙﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﻕﺎﻴﺴ ﺓﺩﺎﺠﺇﻭ . * -ﺄﺒﺴ : 11 ) ﺓﺭﻤ ﻻﺇ ﺩﺭﻴ ﻡﻝ ﻪﺘﺎﻘﺘﺸﻤﻭ ﺩﺭﺴ لﻌﻓ ﺔﻴﻵﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺩﺤﺍﻭ 11 ﺄﺒﺴ ﺓﺭﻭﺴ ﻥﻤ .( 1 -ﺭﻭﻅﻨﻤ ﻥﺒﺍ ) ﻡﺭﻜﻤ ﻥﺒ ﺩﻤﺤﻤ ﻥﻴﺩﻝﺍ لﺎﻤﺠ ( ﺞﻤ ،ﺏﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﺴﻝ ، 3 ، ،ﺩﺭﺴ ﺓﺩﺎﻤ ،ﺕﺩ ،ﺕﻭﺭﻴﺒ ،ﺭﺩﺎﺼ ﺭﺍﺩ ،لﺍﺩﻝﺍ ﻑﺭﺤ ﺹ ،ﻁﺩ 211 . 2 -ﺹ ،ﻪﺴﻔﻨ ﺭﺩﺼﻤﻝﺍ 211 . ** -ﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ ﺙﻼﺜﻝﺍ : ﺏﺠﺭ ﻭﻫﻭ ﺩﺭﻓ ﺩﺤﺍﻭﻭ ،ﻡﺭﺤﻤﻭ ،ﺔﺠﺤﻝﺍ ﻭﺫﻭ ،ﺓﺩﻌﻘﻝﺍ ﻭﺫ . ﺹ ،ﺡﺎﺤﺼﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﺘﺨﻤ ،ﻱﺯﺍﺭﻝﺍ 294 . 3 -ﻱﺭﺸﺨﻤﺯﻝﺍ ) ﺭﻤﻋ ﻥﺒ ﺩﻭﻤﺤﻤ ﻡﺴﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﻲﺒﺃ ﷲﺍﺭﺎﺠ ( ﺢﺘ ،ﺔﻏﻼﺒﻝﺍ ﺱﺎﺴﺃ ، : ﻪﺒ ﻑﺭﻋﻭ ،ﺩﻭﻤﺤﻤ ﻡﻴﺤﺭﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ : ،ﻲﻝﻭﺨﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﻤﺃ ﺹ ،ﺩﺭﺴ ﺓﺩﺎﻤ ،ﻁﺩ ،ﺕﺩ ،ﻥﺎﻨﺒﻝ ،ﺕﻭﺭﻴﺒ ،ﺔﻓﺭﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﺩ 208 .

2 -ﺎﺤﻼﻁﺼﺍ ﺄﺸﻨ ﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ ﻡﻠﻋ ﻡﺎﻋ ﺫﻨﻤ 1918 ، ﺩﻴ ﻰﻠﻋ ) ﻡﻭﺎﺒﻨﺨﻴﺍ ﺱﻴﺭﻭﺒ ( * ﻥﺍﻭﻨﻌﺒ ﻪﻝ ﻪﻝﺎﻘﻤ ﻲﻓ ) لﻭﻏﻭﻐﻝ ﻑﻁﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺀﺎﻨﺒ ﺔﻴﻔﻴﻜ ( ﻭﺃ ـ ) ﻑﻁﻌﻤﻝﺍ ـ لﻭﻏﻭﻏ ﺔﺼﻗ .( ﺍﺫﻫ ﺭﻬﻅﻴ ﻡﻝ ﻪﻨﺍ ﻻﺇ ﺔﻨﺴ ﻲﻓ ﻻﺇ ﺢﻠﻁﺼﻤﻝﺍ 1969 ﺩﻴ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻡ ) ﺘﻓﺯﺘ ﺭﻭﺩﻭﺘ ﻥﺎ ﻭ ﻑ ( ، ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻪﺤﺭﺘﻗﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﺴﺘﻝ ﺎﻤﻝ ﻡﻠﻋ ﻲﻜﺤﻝﺍ ﻡﻠﻋ ﻭﻫ ﺎﻬﺘﻗﻭ ﺩﺠﻭﻴ ، ﻓ ﻡﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ لﺜﻤﻴﻭ ﻴﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻉﻭﺭﻓ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻋﺭ ﺔ ** ﺩﺎﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺽﻌﺒ ﺩﻨﻋ 1 . ﻥﺎﻜﺭﻷ ﺎﻋﺎﻤﺠﺘﺴﺍﻭ ﻲﻠﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ ، ﺢﻠﻁﺼﻤ ﺡﻭﺍﺭﺘ ﺩﻘﻓ ) ﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ ( ﺎﺒﺎﻁﺨ ﻪﻨﻭﻜ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺎﺼﻗ ﻭﺃ ﺯﺠﻨﻤ ﺭﻴﻏ ﻪﺒ ﻡﻭﻘﻴ ﺎﻴﺒﺩﺃ ) ﺩﺭﺎﺴ ( ﺏﺘﺎﻜﻝﺍ ﻭﻫ ﺱﻴﻝ لﺒ ﺓﺭﻭﺭﻀﻝﺎﺒ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻁﻴﺴﻭ ﻭ ﺙﺍﺩﺤﻷﺍ ﻬﻴﻘﻠﺘﻤ ﺎ 2 . ﻲﺼﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﻪﻨﻋ ﺞﺘﻨﻴ ﻱﻭﺍﺭﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ ﻲﻜﺎﺤﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺩﺭﺎﺴﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺒ ﻡﻭﻘﻴ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻝﺎﻓ ﻅﻔﻠﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ لﻤﺘﺸﻤﻝﺍ ) ﺏﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍ ﻱﺃ ( ﺔﻴﺎﻜﺤﻝﺍﻭ ﻲﺼﺼﻘﻝﺍ ) ﻅﻭﻔﻠﻤﻝﺍ ﻱﺃ ﻲﺼﺼﻘﻝﺍ ( 3 . ﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ ﻡﻝﺎﻋ ﻥﺄﺒ لﻭﻘﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺼﺎﺨﻝﺍ ﺩﻨﻋ ﻑﻭﻗﻭﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻫﺃ ﻰﻠﺠﺘﺘ ﺎﻨﻫ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻘﺴﻨ لﻜﺸﻴ ﻪﺒ ﺎﺼﺎﺨ ، ﺍ ﻪﻴﻠﻋﻭ ﺢﻠﻁﺼﻤ ﻪﺒ ﻁﺒﺘﺭ ) ﺔﻴﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ ( *** (Narratology) ﻲﻨﻌﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ : ﺔﻘﻴﺭﻁﻝﺍ * -ﻡﻭﺎﺒﻨﺨﻴﺍ ﺱﻴﺭﻭﺒ : ﻪﺘﻝﺎﻘﻤ ﺎﻤﺃ ،ﺎﻬﺌﺩﺎﺒﻤﻝ ﻪﺼﻴﺨﻠﺘ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻴﻨﻼﻜﺸﻝﺍ ﺉﺩﺎﺒﻤ ﻁﺴﺒ : ،لﻭﻏﻭﻐﻝ ﻑﻁﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺀﺎﻨﺒ ﺔﻴﻔﻴﻜ ﺕﺭﺸﻨﻓ ﺩﺩﻌﻝﺍ ،ﺔﻴﺴﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﺔﻠﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ 20 ﺔﻨﺴ ﺔﻴﺴﻭﺭﻝﺎﺒ ﺕﺭﻬﻅﻭ ، 1919 ﻡ . ،ﺱﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﻴﻨﻼﻜﺸﻝﺍ ﺹﻭﺼﻨ ،ﻲﻠﻜﺸﻝﺍ ﺞﻬﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨ ﺔﻤﺠﺭﺘ : ،ﻥﻴﺩﺤﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺭﺸﺎﻨﻠﻝ ﺔﻴﺒﺭﻐﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻜﺭﺸﻝﺍ ،ﺏﻴﻁﺨﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﻫﺍﺭﺒﺇ 1982 ﻁ ،ﻡ 1 ﺹ ﺹ ، 68 ، 67 . ** -ﺔﻴﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ) Poétique :( ﻴﺎﻏ ،ﺏﺩﻸﻝ ﺎﻤﻠﻋ ﻡﺎﻴﻘﻝﺍ ﻡﻭﺭﻴ ،ﺔﻴﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﻪﻋﻭﻀﻭﻤ ﻡﺎﻋ ﻡﻠﻋ ﺔﻴﻋﻭﻨﻝﺍ ﺹﺌﺎﺼﺨﻝﺍ ﻁﺎﺒﻨﺘﺴﺍ ﻪﺘ ﺔﻴﻤﻜﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺴﻨﺠﻝﺍ ﻪﺘﻴﻝﻭﻤﺸ ﻲﻓ ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺏﺎﻁﺨﻠﻝ ﺔﻴﻠﺨﺍﺩﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﻨﺍﻭﻘﻝﺍﻭ . ﺔﻤﺠﺭﺘ ،ﺔﻴﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ،ﻑﻭﺭﻭﺩﻭﺘ ﻥﺎﺘﻓﺯﺘ : ،ﺏﺭﻐﻤﻝﺍ ،ﺀﺎﻀﻴﺒﻝﺍﺭﺍﺩﻝﺍ ،لﺎﻘﺒﻭﺘﺭﺍﺩ ،ﺔﻤﻼﺴ ﻥﺒ ﺀﺎﺠﺭﻭ ،ﺕﻭﺨﺒﻤﻝﺍ ﻱﺭﻜﺸ 1987 ،ﻡ ﻁ 1 ﺹ ﺹ ، 20 ، 29 /. ﻭ / لﻭﺼﻷﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻨﺭﺎﻘﻤ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩ ،ﺔﻴﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﻫﺎﻔﻤ ،ﻡﻅﺎﻨ ﻥﺴﺤ ﻲﻓﺎﻘﺜﻝﺍ ﺯﻜﺭﻤﻝﺍ ،ﻡﻴﻫﺎﻔﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺞﻬﻨﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺹ ،ﻁﺩ ،ﺕﺩ ،ﺏﺭﻐﻤﻝﺍ ،ﺀﺎﻀﻴﺒﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﺩﻝﺍ ،ﻲﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ 14 .

1 _{- Ducrot Oswald, Schaeffer(Jean-Marie)et autres, Nouveau dictionnaire encyclopédiques}

des sciences du langage, Édition du seuil, Paris,1972,et 1995,pp228,232.

2 -ﻌﻤ ،ﺵﻭﻠﻋ ﺩﻴﻌﺴ ، ﻲﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﺘﻜﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﺩ ،ﺓﺭﺼﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺕﺎﺤﻠﻁﺼﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﺠ 1985 ﻁ ،ﻡ 1 ﺹ ، 110 3 -ﺔﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨ ﻰﻝﺇ لﺨﺩﻤ ،ﺭﻜﺎﺸ لﻴﻤﺠ ،ﻲﻗﻭﺯﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻤﺴ ) ﺎﻘﻴﺒﻁﺘﻭ ﻼﻴﻠﺤﺘ ( ،ﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ،ﺔﻴﻌﻤﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻋﻭﺒﻁﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﺍﻭﻴﺩ ، ﺹ ﺹ ،ﻁﺩ ،ﺕﺩ ،ﺭﺸﻨﻠﻝ ﺔﻴﺴﻨﻭﺘﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﺩﻝﺍ 78 ، 77 . *** -ﺔﻴﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ Narratology : : ﻫ ﺭﻴﺒﻜ لﺼﺃ ﻥﻤ ﻉﺭﻓ ،ﺔﻴﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺱﺎﻨﺠﻸﻝ ﺔﻴﻠﺨﺍﺩﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﻨﺍﻭﻘﻝﺍ ﻁﺎﺒﻨﺘﺴﺍ ﻲﻨﻌﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ،ﺔﻴﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻭ ﺎﻬﺘﺎﻤﺴﻭ ﺎﻬﺼﺌﺎﺼﺨ ﺩﺩﺤﺘﻭ ،ﺎﻬﺘﺒﻨﺒﺃ ﻪﺠﺍﻭﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺩﻋﺍﻭﻘﻝﺍﻭ ،ﺎﻬﻤﻜﺤﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻡﻅﻨﻝﺍ ﺝﺍﺭﺨﺘﺴﺍﻭ . ﺔﻤﺠﺭﺘ ،ﺔﻴﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ،ﻑﻭﺭﻭﺩﻭﺘ ﻥﺎﺘﻓﺯﺘ : ﺹ ﺹ ،ﺔﻤﻼﺴ ﻥﺒ ﺀﺎﺠﺭﻭ ،ﺕﻭﺨﺒﻤﻝﺍ ﻱﺭﻜﺸ 29 ، 20 .

ﺎﻴﻠﻌﻓ ﺔﻓﺍﺭﺨﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺔﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺒ ﻯﻭﺭﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ، ﻉﻭﺭﻓ ﻲﻫﻭ ) ﺔﻴﺒﺩﻷﺍ ( * 1 ، ﻭ لﻌﺠﻴ ﺎﻤ ﻥﻋ ﺙﺤﺒﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺎﻴﺩﺭﺴ ﻯﺭﺤﻷﺎﺒ ﻭﺃ ﺎﻴﺒﺩﺃ ﻼﻤﻋ ﺔﻴﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺔﺼﻘﻝﺍ ، ﻊﺌﺎﻗﻭﻝﺍﻭ ﺙﺍﺩﺤﻷﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻠﺴﻠﺴ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﺨﻤ ﻕﺌﻼﻋ ﺎﻬﻨﻴﺒ ﻁﺒﺭﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺘ ﺔﻔﻠ ، ﻥﻜﻤﺘ ﺔﻴﺎﻜﺤﻝﺍ ﺏﻴﺘﺭﺘ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺇ ﻥﻤ ﺩﺭﺎﺴﻝﺍ ** ﻲﻓ ﻕﻠﻁﻨﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺭﻫﻭﺠ ﺎﻬﺘﻠﺼﺤﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺩﻭﺠﻭﻤ ﺙﺍﺩﺤﺃ ﺔﻋﻭﻤﺠﻤ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻫ . ﻲﻓ ﺓﺩﻤﺘﻌﻤ " ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﺼﻘﻝﺍ لﻴﺼﻭﺘ ﺭﻝﺍ ﻭﻫ ﻲﻘﻠﺘﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﺎﻴﺼﺨﺸﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻁﻴﺴﻭ ﻡﺎﻴﻘﺒ ﺉﺭﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ ﻊﻤﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻱﻭﺍ " 2 ﻱﻭﺍﺭﻝﺍ ﻙﺍﺭﺩﺇ ﻑﻘﻴﻭ ) ﺩﺭﺎﺴﻝﺍ ( ﺎﻫﺩﺭﺴﻝ ﺎﻴﺴﺎﺴﺃ ﺎﻨﻜﺭ ﺙﺍﺩﺤﻷﺍ لﺴﻠﺴﺘﻝ ، ﻕﻘﺤﺘﺘ ﻪﻴﻠﻋﻭ ﻭﺼﺨ ﻲﻘﻠﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﻝﺎﺴﺭﻝﺍ لﺎﺼﻴﺇ ﻲﻓ ﻱﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺼ . ﻙﻝﺫﻝ '' ﺩﺭﺴﻠﻝ ﺭﻓﻭﺘﺘ ﻥﺃ ﺩﺒﻻ ﺔﻨﻴﻌﻤ ﺙﺍﺩﺤﺃ ﻡﻀﺘ ﺔﺼﻗ ﺩﻭﺠﻭ ﺎﻤﻫﻭ ﻥﺎﺘﻴﺴﺎﺴﺃ ﻥﺎﺘﻤﺎﻋﺩ ، ﺎﻬﺒ ﻰﻜﺤﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻘﻴﺭﻁﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﻴﻌﺘ ﻡﺜ ﺔﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﻙﻠﺘ ، ﺎﻴﻭﺭﻤ ﺎﻬﻔﺼﻭﺒ ﺔﺼﻘﻝﺎﻓ -ﺔﻴﻝﺎﺘﻝﺍ ﺓﺎﻨﻘﻝﺍ ﺭﺒﻋ ﺭﻤﺘ : ﻱﻭﺍﺭﻝﺍ ﺍﻝ ﻱﻭﺭﻤ ﻪﻝ ﻱﻭﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﺴﻝﺍﻭ ﺩ ﺔﻴﻔﻴﻜﻝﺍ ﻭﻫ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺴﻔﻨ ﺓﺎﻨﻘﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻕﻴﺭﻁ ﻥﻋ ﺔﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺒ ﻯﻭﺭﺘ " 3 . ﺭﻴﺜﺄﺘﻝﺍ ﺙﺍﺩﺤﻹ ﻲﻘﻠﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ، ﺽﻐﺒ ﻋ ﺭﻅﻨﻝﺍ ﻥ ﺙﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻋﻭﻨ ، ﺎﻤﻨﺇ ﻥﻤﻜﻴ ﻕﺌﺍﺭﻁﻭ ﻪﺌﺍﺩﺃ ﺔﻴﻔﻴﻜ ﻲﻓ ﻡﺎﻤﺘﻫﻻﺍ ﻪﻠﻴﺼﻭﺘ ، ﺔﻴﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﻕﻘﺤﺘﻭ ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﻕﻠﺨﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺼﻭﺼﺨ ﺯﺭﺒﺘﻓ . ﺕﻨﻴﺎﻋ ﺙﻭﺤﺒ ﺔﻤﺜ ﺔﻴﻝﻭﻤﺸ ﺔﻴﺅﺭﺒ ﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ ، ﺭﻓ ﻪﻨﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺕﺯﻜ " : ﻪﻝ ﺩﻭﺩﺤ ﻻ لﻌﻓ ، ﻊﺴﺘﻴ ﻠﺘﺨﻤ لﻤﺸﻴﻝ ﻑ ﺎﻤﺜﻴﺤﻭ ﺩﺠﻭ ﺎﻤﻨﻴﺃ ﻥﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﺎﻬﻋﺩﺒﻴ ﺔﻴﺒﺩﺃ ﺭﻴﻏ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻴﺒﺩﺃ ﺕﻨﺎﻜﺃ ﺀﺍﻭﺴ ﺕﺎﺒﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﻜ " 4 . * -ﺔﻴﺒﺩﻷﺍ : Littérarité : ﻴﺴ ﻊﻀﻭ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺭﻴﺸﺘ ﺔﻴﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺹﻭﺼﻨﻠﻝ ﻲﻋﻭﻨ ﻲﺌﺎﻴﻤ . Rey-debove(Josete),lexique Sémiotique,P.U.F,Paris,1979,page90. 1 ،ﺓﺭﺼﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺕﺎﺤﻠﻁﺼﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﺠﻌﻤ ،ﺵﻭﻠﻋ ﺩﻴﻌﺴ ﺹ 111 /. ﻭ / ﺔﻴﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ ،ﻡﻴﻫﺍﺭﺒﺇ ﷲ ﺍﺩﺒﻋ ) ﺔﻴﻨﺒﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺙﺤﺒ ﻲﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﻲﺌﺎﻜﺤﻝﺍ ﺙﻭﺭﻭﻤﻠﻝ ﺔﻴﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ ( ﻭﻴﻝﻭﻴ ،ﻲﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﻲﻓﺎﻘﺜﻝﺍ ﺯﻜﺭﻤﻝﺍ ، 1992 ﻁ ،ﻡ 1 ﺹ ، 09 ** -ﺔﻴﺎﻜﺤﻝﺍ : diégése ou histoire : ﺞﺴﻨ ﻥﻤ ﺕﺎﻴﺼﺨﺸﺒ ﻕﻠﻌﺘﺘﻭ ﻲﻨﺎﻜﻤﻭ ﻲﻨﻤﺯ ﺭﺎﻁﺇ ﻲﻓ ﺭﻭﺩﺘ ﺙﺍﺩﺤﺃ ﺔﻠﻤﺠ ﻱﺃ ﺹ ،ﺔﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨ ﻰﻝﺇ لﺨﺩﻤ ،ﺭﻜﺎﺸ لﻴﻤﺠ ،ﻲﻗﻭﺯﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻤﺴ ﺕﺎﻓﺭﺼﺘﻭ لﻌﻓ ﺩﻭﺩﺭ ﺎﻬﻴﺩﻝ ﺞﺘﻨﺘ ﺩﺭﺎﺴﻝﺍ لﺎﻴﺨ 77 . 2 -ﺔﻤﺠﺭﺘ ،ﺱﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﻴﻨﻼﻜﺸﻝﺍ ﺹﻭﺼﻨ ،ﻲﻠﻜﺸﻝﺍ ﺞﻬﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨ : ﺹ ﺹ ،ﺏﻴﻁﺨﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﻫﺍﺭﺒﺇ 174 ، 153 . 3 ،ﺓﺭﻫﺎﻘﻝﺍ ،ﻕﺭﺸﻝﺍ ﺀﺍﺭﻫﺯ ﺔﺒﺘﻜﻤ ،ﻲﺌﺎﻨﻐﻝﺍ ﻲﺒﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺹﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺭﻴﻴﻐﺘﻝﺍ ﺢﻤﻼﻤ ،ﻅﻓﺎﺤﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ ﻡﻴﻫﺍﺭﺒﺇ 2001 ﻁ ،ﻡ 1 ، ﺹ 246 /. ﻭ / ،ﺀﺎﻀﻴﺒﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﺩﻝﺍ ،ﻲﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﻲﻓﺎﻘﺜﻝﺍ ﺯﻜﺭﻤﻝﺍ ،ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﻅﻨﻤ ﻥﻤ ﻱﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﺒ ،ﻲﻨﺍﺩﻴﻤﺤﻝ ﺩﻴﻤﺤ 2000 ﻁ ،ﻡ 3 ﺹ ، 45 . 4 -ﻴﻌﺴ ﺭﺒﺨﻝﺍﻭ ﻡﻼﻜﻝﺍ ،ﻥﻴﻁﻘﻴ ﺩ ) ﻲﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺩﺭﺴﻠﻝ ﺔﻤﺩﻘﻤ ( ،ﻲﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﻲﻓﺎﻘﺜﻝﺍ ﺯﻜﺭﻤﻝﺍ ، 1997 ﻁ ،ﻡ 1 ﺹ ، 19 .

ﺴﻝﺍ ﻑﺭﻌﻴ ﻥﺃ ﻥﻜﻤﻴ ﻪﻴﻠﻋﻭ ﻪﻨﺄﺒ ﺩﺭ " : ﻲﻜﺤﻠﻝ لﺒﺎﻘﻝﺍ لﻌﻔﻝﺍ لﻘﻨ ﺭﻭﻀﺤﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺏﺎﻴﻐﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ، ﻌﺠﻭ ﻠ ﻼﺒﺎﻗ ﻪ ﻝ لﻭﺍﺩﺘﻠ ، ﺎﻴﻌﻗﺍﻭ لﻌﻔﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻥﺎﻜ ﺀﺍﻭﺴ ﺨﺘ ﻭﺃ ﻴ ﺎﻴﻠﻴ ، ﻭﺃ ﺎﻫﺎﻔﺸ لﻭﺍﺩﺘﻝﺍ ﻡﺘ ﺀﺍﻭﺴﻭ ﺔﺒﺎﺘﻜ " 1 . لﻜﺸﻴ ﺩﺭﺴﻝﺎﻓ ﻭﺃ ﺎﻴﻫﺎﻔﺸ لﻭﺍﺩﺘﻠﻝ ﻼﺒﺎﻗ ﺍﺯﺠﻨﻤ ﻼﻌﻓ ﺎﻴﺒﺎﺘﻜ ، ﻥﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﻪﻋﺩﺒﻴ ، ﻥﻜﻤﻴﻭ ﻲﻜﺤﻝﺍ ﻕﺭﻁ ﺩﺩﻌﺘﺘ ﻥﺃ ﺎﻀﻴﺃ ﺍﺩﺃﻭ ﺔﻴﺎﻜﺤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤﻀﺘﺘﻝ ﻪﺌ ﺓﺭﻭﻁﺴﻷﺍﻭ ﺔﻤﺤﻠﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻓﺍﺭﺨﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﺼﻘﻝﺍﻭ .. . ﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ ﻡﻝﺎﻌﺒ ﺹﺎﺨﻝﺍ ﻕﺴﻨﻠﻝ ﺎﻌﺒﺘ . ﻰﻨﻌﻤ ﺴﻝ ﺔﻘﻴﺭﻁ ﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺭﻴﻏ ﻭﺃ ﻲﻨﺎﺴﻝ ﻡﺎﻅﻨ ﻱﺃ ﻲﻓ ﺩﺴﺠﺘﺘ ﻥﺃ ﺎﻬﻝ ﻥﻜﻤﻴ ﺔﻴﻨﺎ ﻭ ﻲﻨﺎﺴﻝ ﻴ ﻪﻴﻓ لﻤﻌﺘﺴﺍ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻡﺎﻅﻨﻝﺍ ﻑﻼﺘﺨﺎﺒ ﺎﻬﻠﻴﻠﺤﺘ ﻑﻠﺘﺨ ، ﻨﺒﻝﺍ ﻪﻨﻤ ﺍﺫﻫﻭ ﻴ ﺎﻬﺘﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻭ ﺔﻴﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺹﻭﺼﻨﻠﻝ ، ﻕﻴﺒﻁﺘ ﺕﻝﻭﺎﺤ ﻥﺇﻭ ﻩﺩﻘﻨﻭ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻡﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﻡﻠﻋ ﺞﻬﻨﻤ . ﺍﺩﻴﺩﺤﺘﻭ ﻕﻴﺒﻁﺘ ﻪﻘﺒﻁ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺞﻬﻨﻤﻝﺍ )ﻓ ﺩﻨﺎﻨﻴﺩﺭ ﻱﺩ ﺭﻴﺴﻭﺴ ( ﺍﺭﺩ ﻲﻓ ﺴ ﻪﺘ ﺔﻐﻠﻝ ، ﻙﺍﺭﺩﺇ ﻥﻜﻤﻴ ﻻ ﻪﻨﺃ ﻱﺃ ﻲﻬﺘﻨﺘ ﻥﺃ لﺒﻗ ﺔﻠﻤﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﻝﻻﺩ ، ﻝ ﺎﻌﺒﺘ ﺩﺩﺤﺘﻴ ﺎﻬﻤﺎﻅﻨﻭ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﺀﺎﻨﺒ ﻥﻷ ﻠ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺔﻠﻜﺸﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻗﻼﻌ ﻤﻠﻜﻝﺍ ﺕﺎ 2 ، ﻥﻤﻀ ﺔﺠﺭﺩﻨﻤ ﻲﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺎﻨﺨﻴﺭﺎﺘ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﺴﻠﻝﺍ ﻁﺎﻤﻨﻷﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺭﻴﺜﻜﻝﺍ ﺩﻋ ﻥﻜﻤﻴ ﺍﺫﻬﻝ ﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ ﻲﻝﻭﻤﺸﻝﺍ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤﻝﺍ ، ﺭﻴﺴ ﻥﻤ ﻭ ﻲﻨﻴﺩﻭ ﻲﺒﻌﺸ ﺹﺼﻗﻭ ﺕﺎﻴﺎﻜﺤ ... ﻙﻝﺫﻝ ﺠ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺯﻜﺭﺘ ﺔﻴﺒﻌﺸ ﺔﻴﺩﺭﺴ ﻁﺎﻤﻨﺃ ﺎﻀﻴﺃ لﻤﺸﻴﻝ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤﻝﺍ ﻊﺴﺘﻴ ﻨ ﺔﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﺱ ﺔﻴﺒﻌﺸﻝﺍ – ﺒﺼﺘ ﺎﻤ ﻭﻫ ﻭ ﻪﻘﻴﻘﺤﺘﻝ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻥﻤﻀ ﺔﻠﻋﺎﻓ ﺕﺎﻴﺼﺨﺸ ﺎﻬﺒ ﻡﻭﻘﺘ ﺙﺍﺩﺤﺃ ﺩﺭﺴ ﻱﺃ ﺔﻴﻝﻻﺩ ﺭﻭﺎﺤﻤ ﺔﻘﺴﺎﻨﺘﻤ ، ﻨﻭﻜﻤ ﻑﺸﻜ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺓﺩﺼﺎﻗ ﺕﺎ ﺭﺒﻋ ﻱﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﺒﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﻼﻜﺸ ﺔﻴﺠﻬﻨﻤ ، ﺍﺭﻔﺸ ﻥﻋ ﻑﺸﻜﻝﺍ ﻙﻝﺫﻜﻭ ﺔﻴﻤﻼﻌﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺘ ) sémiotique ( ﺎﻤ لﻤﺠﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺕﺭﺨﺯ لﺎﺜﻤﺃ ﻥﻴﻴﻭﻴﻨﺒﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻔﻨﺼﻤ ﻪﺒ : ) ﺏﻭﺭﺒ ( ﻭ ) ﺱﺎﻤﻴﺭﻏ ( ﻭ ) ﺕﻴﻨﺠ ( ﻭ ) ﺕﺭﺎﺒ ( ، ﺙﻴﺤ ﻱﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ لﻌﻔﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﺒ ﺝﺍﺭﺨﺘﺴﺍ ﺍﻭﻝﻭﺎﺤ ﺎﻗﻼﻁﻨﺍ ﺓﺩﻭﺭﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺎﻜﺤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﺒﻝ ﻲﻝﻻﺩﻝﺍ لﻴﻠﺤﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ " ﻪﺒﺎﺘﻜ ﻲﻓ ﺕﺭﺎﺒ ﻥﻻﻭﺭ لﻌﻓ ﺎﻤﻠﺜﻤ s/z ﻑﻠﺘﺨﻤﻝ ﺔﻴﻔﻴﻨﺼﺘ ﺔﺴﺭﺍﺩﺒ ﻡﺎﻗ ﺙﻴﺤ ﺍ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻤﻼﻌﻝ ﻯﺭﻐﺼ ﺔﻴﻨﺒ ﻲﻓ ﻡﻜﺤﺘﺘ ﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻗﻼﻌﻝﺍ ﻯﻭﺘﺴﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺓﺩﻭﺠﻭﻤ ﺒﺴﺎﻨ لﻭﻤﺤﻤﻝﺍﻭ لﻋﺎﻔﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺔﻴ ﻱﺩﻋﺎﻘﻝﺍ . ﺒﻝﺍ ﺝﺍﺭﺨﺘﺴﺍ ﺔﻴﺴﺎﻤﻴﺭﻐﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺭﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﻝﻭﺎﺤ ﺎﻤﻜ ﻰﻨ ﺍ ﺩﻭﺭﺴﻠﻝ ﺔﻴﺤﻁﺴﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻗﻼﻁﻨ ﺔﻴﻝﻻﺩﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﺒﻝﺍ ) ﺔﻴﻨﻤﺯ ﻻ ( ﻥﻤ ﻲﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﺒﻝﺍ ﺞﺘﻨﺘ ﻥﺃ ﺽﻭﺭﻔﻤﻝﺍ ) ﺔﻴﻨﻤﺯ ( ﻥﻤ ﺩﺭﺴﻠﻝ ﻋ لﻼﺨ ﺕﻻﻭﺤﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺩﺩ ، ﻲﻓ ﺔﺴﻭﺭﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﻙﻠﺘ ﻪﺒﺸﺘ ﻭﺤﻨﻝﺍ ﺩﻴﻝﻭﺘﻝﺍ ﻱ ﺩﻤﺘﻋﺍﻭ ) ﺭﻭﻜﻴﺭ لﻭﺒ ( 1 ،ﻊﻴﺯﻭﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺭﺸﻨﻠﻝ ﺔﻴﺅﺭ ،ﺕﺎﻴﻠﺠﺘﻭ ﻡﻴﻫﺎﻔﻤ ،ﻲﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ ،ﻥﻴﻁﻘﻴ ﺩﻴﻌﺴ 2006 ﺹ ،ﻁﺩ ،ﻡ 72 . 2 ،ﺓﺩﺠ ،ﻲﻓﺎﻘﺜﻝﺍ ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﻱﺩﺎﻨﻝﺍ ،ﻱﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ لﻴﻠﺤﺘ ،ﺡﻭﺘﻓ ﺩﻤﺤﻤ 1999 ﻁ ،ﻡ 1 ﺹ ﺹ ، 09 ، 08 .

ﻪﺒﺎﺘﻜ ﻲﻓ ﺕﺎﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﻴﺌﺯﺠ ) Temps et récit ( ﺭﺴﻠﻝ ﺔﻤﺎﻋ ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨ ﺡﺭﺘﻘﻴﻝ ﺢﻤﻁﺘ ﺩ ﻝﺇ ﻰ ﻑﺎﺸﺘﻜﺍ ﺔﻴﻔﺴﻠﻔﻝﺍ ﻪﺘﻔﻴﻅﻭ ﻭ ﺔﻴﺩﻭﺠﻭﻝﺍ " 1 ﺕﺎﺤﻭﺭﻁ ﻥﻤ ﺓﺩﺎﻔﺘﺴﻻﺍ ﻙﻝﺫ لﻜ ﻥﻋ ﺭﻤﺜﺃﻭ ) ﺕﺭﺎﺒ ﻥﻻﻭﺭ ( ﺔﻔﺸﻜ ﻲﻓ ﺕﺎﻴﻭﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺹـﻨﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﺴﻠﻝﺍ ﻭ ) ﺭﻭﺩﻭﺘ ﻭ ﻑ ( ﺯﻴﻴﻤﺘ ﻲﻓ ﺭﻴﺜﺄﺘﻭ ﻲﺌﺎﻜﺤﻝﺍ ﺭﻬﻅﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻲﺒﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍ ﺭﻬﻅﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻨﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺝﺎﺘﻨﺇ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﻲﻓ ﺭﺨﻵﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻤﻫﺩﺤﺃ ، ﺔﻴﺒﺩﺃ ﻥﻋ لﺯﻌﻤﺒ ﻡﺘﺘ ﻻ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺭﺜﻷﺍ ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ ، ﺍﺫﻝ ﺸﻝﺍ ﻡﺎﻤﺘﻫﺍ ﻉﺯﻭﺘ ﻥﻴﻴﺴﺎﺴﺃ ﻥﻴﺭﻬﻅﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻥﻴﻴﻨﻼﻜ ﺎﻤﻫ : ) لﻜﺸﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ ( ، ﻡﻬﻓﺩﻫ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺀﺎﻨﺒ ﺭﻴﻜﻔﺘﻠﻝ ﻲﺌﺎﻬﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﺌﺍﺩﻝﺍ ﻰﻨﺒﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﻑﺸﻜﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻱﻭﻴﻨﺒﻝﺍ لﺎﻌﻓﻷﺍ ﻊﻤ ﺎﻬﻔﻴﻜﺘﻭ ﺎﻬﻤﺅﻼﺘ ﺔﻴﻔﻴﻜﻭ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﺕﺎﻜﺍﺭﺩﻹﺍﻭ ، ﺤﺍﻭ ﻥﺁ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻨﻓ ﺔﻴﺎﻏﻭ ﻍﻼﺒﺇ ﺔﻠﻴﺴﻭ ﺔﻴﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻗﻼﻁﻨﺍ ﺩ 2 . ﺎﻫﺩﻋﺍﻭﻗﻭ ﺓﺯﻴﻤﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺘﺍﺩﺤﻭ ﺎﻬﻝ لﻤﺠﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻋﻭﻤﺠﻤ ﻻﺇ ﻭﻫ ﺎﻤ ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﻡﻼﻜﻝﺍ ﻥﺃﻭ ﺎﻬﺘﻝﻻﺩﻭ ﺎﻫﻭﺤﻨﻭ ، ﻀﻝﺍ ﻥﻤﻓ ﺍﺫﻝ ﺩﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻗﻼﻌﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺯﻴﻜﺭﺘﻝﺍ ﻱﺭﻭﺭ ﻑﺎﺸﺘﻜﺍﻭ ﺹﻨﻠﻝ ﺔﻴﻠﺨﺍ ﻪﺘﻴﻨﺒﻭ ﻪﻤﺎﻅﻨ ، ﻥﻤ ﺨ ﺎﻬﻨﻴﺒ ﺎﻤﻴﻓ ﺔﻔﻝﺂﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻘﻴﻗﺩﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻗﻼﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻜﺒﺸﻝﺍ ﻙﻠﺘ لﻼ ، ﻥﻤﻜﺘ ﺎﻨﻫﻭ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﺔﻴﺒﺩﺃ ﺔﻴﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺓﺭﻫﺎﻅﻝﺎﺒ ﻑﺭﻌﻴ ﺎﻤ ﻭﺃ ، ﻩﺩﻴﺴﺠﺘ ﻲﻨﻼﻜﺸﻝﺍ ﺭﻜﻔﻝﺍ لﻭﺎﺤ ﺎﻤ ﺍﺫﻫﻭ ﺩﻘﻨ ﻲﻓ ﺔﺼﻘﻝﺍ ، ﻑﻨﺼﻤ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ) ﺩﻼﻓ ﺏﻭﺭﺒ ﺭﻴﻤﻴ )( ﻤ ﻭ ﻓﺭ ﺔﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﺎﻴﺠﻭﻝﻭ ( ، ﻪﻋﺎﻨﻁﺼﺍ ﺔﺼﺎﺨﺒﻭ ﺔﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ ﻑﺌﺎﻅﻭﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻜﻓ . ﻱﻭﺎﺴﺘ ﻑﻴﺭﺎﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ ﻡﻴﻫﺎﻔﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺍﺩﺩﻋ ﻥﺃ ﺩﺠﻴ ﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﻫﺎﻔﻤﻝ ﻕﺭﻁﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻰﻝﺇ لﺼﻨ ﺕﺎﻴﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ لﺎﺠﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻤﺩﻘﻤﻝﺍ لﺎﻤﻋﻷﺍ ﺩﺩﻋ ، ﻑﻴﺭﻌﺘ لﻜﻠﻓ ﻪﺘﺀﺎﻔﻜ ﻕﻠﻁﻨﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻪﺘﻴﺼﻭﺼﺨﻭ ﺱﺭﺍﺩﻝﺍ ﻪﺠﻭﺘ ﻥﻤ ، ﺎﻤﻴﻓ ﻑﻴﺭﺎﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻑﻠﺘﺨﺘ ﻻﻭ ﺔﻘﻴﻤﻋ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻴﻨﻴﺒ ﺕﺎﻓﻼﺘﺨﺍ ﺎﻬﻨﻴﺒ ، ﺎﻤﻨﺇﻭ ﻡﻴﻫﺎﻔﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻭﻝﻭﺃ ﻲﻓ ﻕﻭﺭﻔﻝﺍ ﻥﻤﻜﺘ . ﻏ ﻪﻨﺃ ﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍﺍ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤ ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤ ﻥﻋ لﻭﻘﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻲﻬﺘﻨﻨ ﺍﺫﻬﺒﻭ ﻏﻭ ﺭﻘﺘﺴﻤ ﺭﻴ ﻲﺌﺎﻬﻨ ﺭﻴ ، ﻼﻓ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤ ﻭﺃ ﻱﺃﺭ ﻭﺃ ﻑﻴﺭﻌﺘ ﻲﻓ ﻪﻤﻭﻬﻔﻤ ﺭﺼﺤﻨ ﻥﺃ ﻥﻜﻤﻴ – ﻩﺭﻜﺫ ﻕﺒﺴ ﺎﻤﻤ ﺽﻭﺨﻝﺍ ﺎﻨﺒﻨﺠﺘﻭ ﺔﻠﺨﺍﺩﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺤﻠﻁﺼﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﻡﻴﻫﺎﻔﻤﻝﺍ ﻙﻠﺘ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻤﺯﺄﺘ ﻭﺃ ﺍﺩﻴﻘﻌﺘ ﻻﺇ ﻊﻀﻭﻝﺍ ﺩﻴﺯﺘ ﻻ ﺎﻬﻨﻷ ، ﺎﻤ ﻥﻜﻝ 1 -ﻝﺍ ﻲﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ ﺭﺒﺨﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺭﺩﺼﺘ ﺔﻤﻜﺤﻤ ﺔﻠﺠﻤ ،ﺕﺎﻴﺩﺭﺴ ) ﺭﺒﺨﻤ 3 ( ﺔﻌﻤﺎﺠ ،ﺔﺜﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨ ،ﻱﺭﺎﺴ ﺩﻤﺤﻤ ، ﻲﻔﻨﺎﺠ ،ﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ،ﺔﻨﻴﻁﻨﺴﻗ ﻱﺭﻭﺘﻨﻤ ﺩﻤﺤﻤ 2004 ﺩﺩﻌﻝﺍ ،ﻡ 1 ﺹ ﺹ ، 31 ، 30 /. ﻭ / ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ لﻴﻠﺤﺘ ﻕﺌﺍﺭﻁ ) ﺕﻻﺎﻘﻤ ﺏﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﻔﻝﺅﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻋﻭﻤﺠﻤﻝ ﺔﻤﺠﺭﺘﻤ ( ﺔﻠﺴﻠﺴ ،ﺏﺭﻐﻤﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﺘﻜ ﺩﺎﺤﺘﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﻭﺸﻨﻤ ، ،ﺕﺎﻔﻠﻤ 1992 ﻡ/ 1 ،ﻁﺎﺒﺭﻝﺍ ، 1992 ،ﻡ ﻁ 1 ﺹ ﺹ ، 87 ، 09 ﺹ ﺹ ، 175 ، 157 ﺹ ﺹ ، 201 ، 183 . 2 -ﺔﻤﺠﺭﺘ ،ﻥﻴﻴﻨﻼﻜﺸﻝﺍ ﺹﻭﺼﻨ ،ﻲﻠﻜﺸﻝﺍ ﺞﻬﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨ : ﺹ ﺹ ،ﺏﻴﻁﺨﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﻫﺍﺭﺒﺇ 49 ، 46 .

لﻀﻓﺃ ﺎﻴﺩﻘﻨﻭ ﺎﻴﺒﺩﺃ ﺎﻌﻗﺍﻭ ﻪﻨﻭﺩﺸﻨﻴ ﻥﻭﺴﺭﺍﺩﻝﺍ ﻡﺍﺩﺎﻤ ﻪﻨﺃ ﻭﻫ ﻪﻝﻭﻗ ﻊﻴﻁﺘﺴﻨ ، ﻲﻁﻌﻴ ﻙﻝﺫ ﻥﺈﻓ ﻡﺎﻋ لﻜﺸﺒ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﺴﻨﻹﺍ ﻡﻭﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻋﻭﻀﻭﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺔﺼﺎﺨ لﻭﻤﺸﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻗﺩﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ لﻭﺼﻭﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻼﻤﺃ . 3 -ﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ ﻡﻠﻋ ﺕﺎﻫﺎﺠﺘﺍ : ﻡﻠﻋ ﻲﻓ ﺕﺎﻫﺎﺠﺘﺍ ﺓﺩﻋ ﺕﺭﻬﻅ ﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ ﺔﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﺒ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺕﻠﻤﻋ ، ﺔﻴﻔﻴﻜ ﻡﺜ ﺎﻬﻀﺭﻋ ، ﺔﻨﻴﻌﻤ ﺕﺎﻴﺼﺨﺸ ﺎﻬﻴﺩﺅﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻑﺌﺎﻅﻭﻝﺍ ﻉﻭﻤﺠﻤ ﻥﻤ ﺕﻘﻠﻁﻨﺍ ﺎﻬﻨﺃ ﻱﺃ ، ﺔﻘﻴﺭﻁﺒ ﻕﻠﻁﻨﺘ ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻤ ﺔﻴﺩﺭﺴ ﺕﺎﻫﺎﺠﺘﻻ ﺎﻌﺒﺘ ﺩﺩﺤﺘﻴ ﺩﻭﺸﻨﻤ ﻑﺩﻫ ﻕﻴﻘﺤﺘ ﻭﺃ ﺓﺭﻜﻓ لﺎﺼﻴﺇ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻑﺩﻬﺘ ﺔﻨﻴﺎﺒﺘﻤ ﻯﺅﺭ ﻥﻤ ، ﻬﻨﻤ لﻜ ﺕﻠﻤﻋ ﺔﻴﺭﻜﻓ ﺕﺎﻤﻭﻅﻨﻤﻭ ﻡﻴﻫﺎﻔﻤ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺎﻬﺘﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﻲﻓ ﺩﻨﺴﺘ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎ ﻱﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ لﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩ " ﺔﻠﻴﺴﻭ ﻪﻔﺼﻭﺒ ﻹ ﺔﻴﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ لﺎﻌﻓﻷﺍ ﺝﺎﺘﻨ ، ﻙﻠﺘ ﻲﻓ ﺙﺤﺒﻭ ﺔﻠﺨﺍﺩﺘﻤ ﺕﺎﻨﻭﻜﻤ ﺎﻬﻔﺼﻭﺒ لﺎﻌﻓﻷﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﺼﺨﺸﻝﺍﻭ ﻊﺌﺎﻗﻭﻝﺍﻭ ﺙﺩﺍﻭﺤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ، ﻰﻠﻋ ﻱﻭﻁﻨﺘ ﻰﻨﻌﻤ " 1 . ﺠﺘﺍ ﺕﻔﹼﻨﺼ ﻪﻴﻠﻋﻭ ﺎ ﺜﻼﺜ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ ﻡﻠﻋ ﺕﺎﻫ ﺔ : ﺃ ﻩﺎﺠﺘﻻﺍ لﻭﻷﺍ : ﺔﻴﺎﻜﺤﻝﺍ ﻯﻭﺘﺴﻤﺒ ﻩﺎﺠﺘﻻﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺹﺘﺨﺍ ، ﺒﻭ لﻤﻌﺒ ﺃﺩ ) ﻑﻭﻜﻝﻭﻓ ( * ) Volkov ( ﺔﻨﺴ 1924 ﻡ ، ﺔﻴﻝﺎﻴﺨﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺎﻜﺤﻠﻝ ﻪﺘﺴﺍﺭﺩﺒ – ﺔﺒﻴﺠﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﺯﻓﺍﻭﺤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻋﻭﻤﺠﻤﻝ ﺎﻌﺒﺘ ﺎﻬﻠﻴﻠﺤﺘﻭ ﻡﻬﻝﺎﻌﻓﺃﻭ لﺎﻁﺒﻷﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻋﻭﻤﺠﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻠﺜﻤﻤﻝﺍ . ﻪﺒﻘﻋﺃ ﻡﺜ ) ﻲﻜﺴﻔﺸﺎﻤﻭﺘ ) ( Tomashovski ( ﺔﻨﺴ 1925 ﻡ ، ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻩﺯﻴﻜﺭﺘﺒ ﺔﺴﺭﺍﺩ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﺼﺨﺸﻝﺍ ﺱﻴﻝﻭ ﺙﺩﺤﻝﺍ ) ﺍﺭﻏﻷﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨ ﺽ ( 2 . ﺩﻨﻋ ﻑﺌﺎﻅﻭﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻜﻔﻝ ﺩﻴﻬﻤﺘ ﺭﻴﺨ ﺓﺭﻴﺨﻷﺍ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺕﻨﺎﻜﻭ ) ﺏﻭﺭﺒ ﺭﻴﻤﻴﺩﻼﻓ ( ﻲﻓ ﺩﺼﺇ ﺭﺍ ﺏﺎﺘﻜﻝ ﻩ ) ﻤ ﻭ ﺔﻴﻓﺍﺭﺨﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺎﻜﺤﻝﺍ ﺎﻴﺠﻭﻝﻭﻓﺭ ( ** ﻡﺎﻋ 1928 ﻡ ، ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﻲﻓ ﻴﻨﺒ ﺔﻴﺎﻜﺤﻝﺍ ﺔ ﻥﻤ 1 -ﺹ ،ﺔﻴﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ ،ﻡﻴﻫﺍﺭﺒﺇ ﷲ ﺍﺩﺒﻋ 10 .

* _{-Volkov Skazka,rozskanija PO S jus hetosloz heniju,naradnoj skazki,t,i,Skazsko Volikowss}

kaja urk rainskaja,lelowss kaja.(Le conte recherche sur la formation du sujet dans le conte populaire,t,u,le conte russe,ukrainien,lielowss),Gosizdat ukrainy(Odessa),1924.

2 -ﺍ ﺹﻭﺼﻨ ،ﻲﻠﻜﺸﻝ-ﺍ ﺞﻬﻨﻤﻝ-ﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨ ،ﺽ-ﺍﺭﻏﻷ-ﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨ ،ﻲﻜﺴﻔﺸﺎﻤﻭﺘ ﺔﻤﺠﺭﺘ ،ﺱﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﻴﻨﻼﻜﺸﻝ : ،ﺏﻴﻁﺨﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﻫﺍﺭﺒﺍ ﺹ 122 /. ﻭ / ﺹ 207 /. ﻭ / ﺔﻤﺠﺭﺘ ،ﺔﻴﻓﺍﺭﺨﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺎﻜﺤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺠﻭﻝﻭﻓﺭﻭﻤ ،ﺏﻭﺭﺒ ﺭﻴﻤﻴﺩﻼﻓ : ﻡﻴﺤﺭﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ ﺩﻤﺤﺃ ،ﺭﺩﺎﻗﺎﺒ ﺩﻤﺤﺃ ﺭﻜﺒ ﻭﺒﺃ ،ﺓﺩﺠ ،ﻲﻓﺎﻘﺜﻝﺍ ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﻱﺩﺎﻨﻝﺍ ،ﺭﺼﻨ 1409 ،ـﻫ 1989 ﻁ ،ﻡ 1 ﺹ ، 59 . ** -ﺱﺎﺴﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺏﻴﻁﺨﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﻫﺍﺭﺒﺇ ﺔﻤﺠﺭﺘ ﻲﻫﻭ ﺔﻓﺍﺭﺨﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺠﻭﻝﻭﻓﺭﻭﻤ ﺏﻴﺠﻌﻝﺍ ﻰﻨﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻱﻭﻁﻨﺘ ﺎﻬﺘﺍﺫ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻓﺍﺭﺨﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﺔﻨﺴ ﺔﻤﺠﺭﺘﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺕﺭﻬﻅﻭ ،ﺔﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺢﻠﻤﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍﻭ 1986 ﺔﻨﺴ ﺔﻤﺠﺭﺘ ﺕﺭﻬﻅ ﻡﺜ ،ﻡ 1989 ﻥﺍﻭﻨﻌﺒ ﻡ " ﺔﻴﺎﻜﺤﻝﺍ ﺎﻴﺠﻭﻝﻭﻓﺭﻭﻤ ﺔﻴﻓﺍﺭﺨﻝﺍ " ﺭﻬﻅﺘﻝ ،ﺏﺎﺘﻜﻝﺍ ﺔﻁﻭﻁﺨﻤﻝ ﻲﻠﺼﻷﺍ ﻥﺍﻭﻨﻌﻝﺍ ﻭﻫ ﻪﻨﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ،ﺭﺼﻨ ﻡﻴﺤﺭﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ ﺩﻤﺤﺃﻭ ،ﺭﺩﺎﻗﺎﺒ ﺩﻤﺤﺃ ﺭﻜﺒ ﻲﺒﻷ =

ﺎﻬﻝ ﺔﻨﻭﻜﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺌﺍﺯﺠﺃ ﻙﻴﻜﻔﺘ لﻼﺨ : ﻥﻋ ﻑﺸﻜﻝﺍ ﻑﺩﻬﺒ ﺎﻬﺌﺍﺯﺠﺃ ﺏﺴﺤﺒ ﺕﺎﻴﺎﻜﺤﻠﻝ ﻪﻤﻴﺴﻘﺘﺒ ﻱﺃ ﻁﺒﺭﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻗﻼﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻓﺍﺭﺨﻠﻝ ﻡﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﻴﻜﻝﺍ لﻤﺠﻤ ﻥﻴﺒﻭ ﺎﻬﻨﻴﺒ ، ﺔﻓﺍﺭﺨ ﺔﺌﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻕﻴﺒﻁﺘﻝﺍ ﻯﺭﺠﻭ ﺔﻴﺴﻭﺭ ، ﺎﻬﻨﻋ ﺙﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﻡﺘﻴ ﻑﻭﺴ ﺞﺌﺎﺘﻨﺒ ﺝﺭﺨﻴﻝ -لﻴﺼﻔﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺊﺸﺒ -ﻲﻓ ﺼﻔﻝﺍ ل ﻥﻤ ﻲﻨﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ . ﺩﻌﺒ ﻲﺘﺄﻴﻭ ) ﺏﻭﺭﺒ ) ( ﺭﺘﺴ ﻲﻔﻴﻝ ﺩﻭﻠﻜ ﺍ ﺱﻭ ) (

Claude Levi Strauss

( ﻪﺘﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﻲﻓ ﻌﺒ ﺔﻝﺎﻘﻤﻝ ﻪﺘﺒﺎﺘﻜﺒ ﺓﺭﻭﻁﺴﻸﻝ ﻥﺍﻭﻨ " ﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻭﻁﺴﻸﻝ ﺔﻴﻭﻴﻨﺒﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺍ " * . لﻴﻠﺤﺘ ﻊﻤ ﻑﻠﺘﺨﺍﻭ ) ﺏﻭﺭﺒ ( ﺔﻴﺴﻴﺌﺭ ﺕﺎﻓﻼﺘﺨﺍ . ﺩﻬﺸﺘﺴﺍﻭ ) ﺱﻭﺍﺭﺘﺴ ( ﻷﺎﺒ ﺓﺭﻭﻁﺴ ﺔﻴﻘﻴﺭﻏﻹﺍ ) ﺏﻴﺩﻭﺃ ﺓﺭﻭﻁﺴﺃ ( ﺔﻴﻝﺎﻤﺸﻝﺍ ﺎﻜﻴﺭﻤﺃ ﺩﻭﻨﻫ ﺭﻴﻁﺎﺴﺃ ﺽﻌﺒﻭ ، ﻑﻴﻨﺼﺘ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺩﻤﺘﻋﺍﻭ ﻥﻤﺎﻜﻝﺍ ﺀﺎﻨﺒﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﻑﺸﻜﺘ ﺙﻴﺤﺒ ﻥﻴﻌﻤ ﻭﺤﻨ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺓﺭﻭﻁﺴﻷﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﺼﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﺢﻤﻼﻤﻝﺍ ﺏﻴﺘﺭﺘﻭ ﻼﻤﻝﺍ ﻙﻠﺘ ﺀﺍﺭﻭ ﺢﻤ ، لﻴﻠﺤﺘ ﻊﻤ ﻑﻠﺘﺨﺍﻭ ) ﺏﻭﺭﺒ ( ﺔﻴﺴﻴﺌﺭ ﺕﺎﻓﻼﺘﺨﺍ . ﺩﻬﺸﺘﺴﺍﻭ ) ﺱﻭﺍﺭﺘﺴ ( ﻷﺎﺒ ﻹﺍ ﺓﺭﻭﻁﺴ ﻏ ﺔﻴﻘﻴﺭ ) ﺏﻴﺩﻭﺃ ﺓﺭﻭﻁﺴﺃ ( ﺩﻭﻨﻫ ﺭﻴﻁﺎﺴﺃ ﺽﻌﺒﻭ ﺔﻴﻝﺎﻤﺸﻝﺍ ﺎﻜﻴﺭﻤﺃ ، ﻭﺤﻨ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺓﺭﻭﻁﺴﻷﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﺼﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﺢﻤﻼﻤﻝﺍ ﺏﻴﺘﺭﺘﻭ ﻑﻴﻨﺼﺘ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺩﻤﺘﻋﺍﻭ ﺢﻤﻼﻤﻝﺍ ﻙﻠﺘ ﺀﺍﺭﻭ ﻥﻤﺎﻜﻝﺍ ﺀﺎﻨﺒﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﻑﺸﻜﺘ ﺙﻴﺤﺒ ﻥﻴﻌﻤ ، ﻰﻝﺇ لﻭﺼﻭﻠﻝ ﺎﻴﻌﺴ ﻭﺃ لﺎﺜﻤﻝﺍ ﺝﺫﻭﻤﻨﻝﺍ ) Parading ( ﺓﺭﻭﻁﺴﻷﺍ ﺀﺍﺭﻭ ﻥﻤﺎﻜﻝﺍ ﻱﺭﻭﺼﺘﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻁﻹﺍ ﻭﺃ ، ﻊﻀﻴ ﻥﻴﺤ ﻰﻠﻋ ) ﺏﻭﺭﺒ ( لﻭﻷﺍ لﺤﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﺤﻴﺤﺼﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺘﺎﻗﻼﻋﻭ ﺎﻬﻝﺎﻜﺸﺃ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﺌﺍﺯﺠﺃ ﺏﻴﺘﺭﺘ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻴﺎﻜﺤﻝﺍ ﺀﺎﻨﺒ ﻩﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺍ ﻥﻤ 1 . ﺎﻤﺃ ) ﺭﻭﺩﻭﺘ ﻥﺎﺘﻓﺯﺘ ﻭ ﻑ ( لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻬﺤﻴﺭﺸﺘﻭ ﺔﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺎﻋﺩ ﺩﻘﻓ : = ﻯﺭﺨﺃ ﺔﻤﺠﺭﺘ ﺔﻨﺴ 1999 ﻥﺍﻭﻨﻌﺒ ﻡ " ﺔﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﺎﻴﺠﻭﻝﻭﻓﺭﻭﻤ " ﺙﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ لﻤﺸﻴ ﻥﻭﻤﻀﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻷ ،ﻭﻤﻋ ﺓﺭﻴﻤﺴﻭ ،ﻥﺴﺤ ﻡﻴﺭﻜﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻌﻝ ﺔﺒﻴﺠﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ . ﺔﻨﺴ ﺓﺭﺩﺎﺼﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﺔﻌﺒﻁﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺏﺎﺘﻜﻝﺍ ﻥﺍﻭﻨﻋ ﺩﺭﻴﻭ 1996 ﻲﺘﻵﺎﻜ ﺔﻴﺴﻭﺭﻝﺎﺒ ﻡ : ﻲﺘﻵﺎﻜ ﺵﻤﺎﻬﻝﺍ ﺩﺭﻭﻓ ﺔﻴﺯﻴﻠﺠﻨﻹﺎﺒ ﺎﻤﺃ :

Morphologija Skazki,Leningrad, Nauka,1969.

ﻭ ﺎﻔﻨﺁ ﺎﻬﻴﻝﺇ ﺭﺎﺸﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻘﺒﺎﺴﻝﺍ ﺏﺘﻜﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻤﻭﻠﻌﻤ ﺕﺩﺭ .

Vladimir Propp ,Morphology of the Folktale.

* _{The Structural Study of Myth, Journal of American Folklor,Lxviii,1955.}

-1 ﺩ . ﻡﻴﺩﻘﺘﻭ ﺔﻤﺠﺭﺘ ،ﺓﺭﺼﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﻠﻜﻝﻭﻔﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﺭﻅﻨ ،ﻥﻭﺴﺭﻭﺩ : ﺏﺘﻜﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﺩ ،ﻲﻤﺎﺸﻝﺍ ﻥﺴﺤﻭ ،ﻱﺭﻫﻭﺠﻝﺍ ﺩﻤﺤﻤ ،ﺔﻴﻌﻤﺎﺠﻝﺍ 1972 ﺹ ﺹ ،ﻁﺩ ،ﻡ 132 ، 131 /. ﻭ / ﺹ ﺹ ،ﺔﺜﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨ ،ﻱﺭﺎﺴ ﺩﻤﺤﻤ ،ﺕﺎﻴﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ 22 ، 21 /. ﻭ / ﺩﻴﻌﺴ ،ﺏﺭﻐﻤﻝﺍ ،ﻑﻼﺘﺨﻻﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﻭﺸﻨﻤ ،ﺔﻴﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﺌﺎﻴﻤﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ لﺨﺩﻤ ،ﺩﺍﺭﻜﻨﺒ 2003 ﻁ ،ﻡ 2 ﺹ ﺹ ، 20 ، 15 /. ﻭ / ﺩﻴﻤﺤﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ ﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ ﻕﻁﻨﻤ ،ﻭﻴﺍﺭﻭﺒ ) ﺔﺜﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺕﺎﺴﺍﺭﺩ ( ﻥﺍﻭﻴﺩ ، ،ﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ،ﺔﻴﻌﻤﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻋﻭﺒﻁﻤﻝﺍ 1994 ﺹ ،ﻁﺩ ،ﻡ ﺹ 31 ، 29 .

1 -لﺎﻌﻓﻷﺍ ﻕﻁﻨﻤ . 2 -ﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺘﺎﻗﻼﻋﻭ ﺕﺎﻴﺼﺨﺸ . 3 -ﻯﺭﺒﻜﻝﺍﻭ ﻯﺭﻐﺼﻝﺍ ﻪﺘﺍﺩﺤﻭ ﻥﻤﻀ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﺏﻴﻜﺭﺘ . 4 -ﻰﻝﺇ ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﻱﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ لﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﻑﻴﻨﺼﺘ : ﺔﻴﺎﻜﺤ ) Histoire (. ﺏﺎﻁﺨ ) Discours ( 1 . ﺏ -ﻲﻨﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﻩﺎﺠﺘﻻﺍ : ﺎﻴﺩﺭﺴ ﻪﻨﻭﻜﺒ ﻩﺎﺠﺘﻻﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺯﻴﻤﺘ ، ﻨﻌﻴ ﻰ ﺔﻴﺎﻜﺤﻝﺍ ﺀﺍﺩﺃ ﺏﻴﻝﺎﺴﺃﻭ ﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ ﻕﺌﺍﺭﻁﺒ ، ﻥﺎﻜﻭ ﻯﺩﺼﺘ ﻥﻤ ﺭﻬﺸﺃ ﻩﺎﺠﺘﻻﺍ ﺍﺫﻬﻝ ) ﺠ ﺭﺍﺭﻴﺠ ﺕﻴﻨ ( ﻭ ) ﺕﺭﺎﺒ ﻥﻻﻭﺭ .( لﻭﺎﻨﺘ ) ﺕﻴﻨﺠ ﺭﺍﺭﻴﺠ ( ﺔﻨﻭﻨﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺎﺒ ـﺒ " ﻊﺌﺎﻀﻝﺍ ﻥﻤﺯﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ " ـﻝ " ﺕﺴﻭﺭﺒ لﻴﺴﺭﺎﻤ " ﻝﺫ ﻲﻓ ﺎﺤﺭﺘﻘﻤ ﻱﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ لﻴﻠﺤﺘﻠﻝ ﺎﺠﻬﻨﻤ ﻙ ، ﺎﻴﻋﺎﺴ ﻥﻴﻨﺍﻭﻘﻝﺍ ﻑﺎﺸﺘﻜﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﻴﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ ﺹﻭﺼﻨﻝﺍ لﻜ ﺎﻬﻝ ﻊﻀﺨﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ . ﻕﻠﻁﻨﺍ ﺩﻗﻭ ) ﺕﻴﻨﺠ ( ﻤﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻴ ﺜﻼﺜ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺯﻴ ﺔ ﻲﻫﻭ ﻱﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺕﺎﻴﻭﺘﺴﻤ : ﺤﻤﻝﺍ ﻜ ﻲ ) Récit ( ، ﻭ ﺔﺼﻘﻝﺍ ) Histoire ( ، ﻭ ﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ ) Narration ( ، ﺒ ﻰﻨﻌﻓ ﺔﻴﻨﺒﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻨﻭﻜﻤ ﺔﻴﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ ، ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤﻭ ﻱﻭﺍﺭﻝﺍ ، ﻪﻝ ﻱﻭﺭﻤﻝﺍﻭ ، ﻥﻤﺯﻝﺍﻭ ، ﺔﻐﻴﺼﻝﺍﻭ ، ﻱﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ ﺕﻭﺼﻝﺍﻭ . ﻥﺎﻜﻓ ﻪﻔﻨﺼﻤ ﻕﺤﺒ ) ﺔﻴﺎﻜﺤﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﻁﺨ ( * . ) Discours du Récit ( ﻭ ) ﺔﻴﺎﻜﺤﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﻁﺨ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺓﺩﻭﻋ ( ** ) Nouveau Discours du récit ( ﻱﻭﻴﻨﺒﻝﺍ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻤﻬﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﺩﺎﺼﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ 2 . 1 -ﻲﺌﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍ لﻴﻠﺤﺘ ،ﻥﻴﻁﻘﻴ ﺩﻴﻌﺴ ) ﺭﻴﺌﺒﺘﻝﺍ ،ﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ ،ﻥﻤﺯﻝﺍ ( ﺹ ،ﻁﺩ ،ﺕﺩ ، ﻲﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﻲﻓﺎﻘﺜﻝﺍ ﺯﻜﺭﻤﻝﺍ ، 30 . / ﻭ / ﺹ ﺹ ،ﺔﻴﻨﻼﻜﺸﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻭﻴﻨﺒﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﺼﻘﻝﺍ ،ﺵﻴﺒﻭﺒ ﻥﻴﺩﻝﺍﺯﻋ ،ﺕﺎﻴﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ 57 ، 55 /. ﻭ / ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺕﺎﻴﻨﺎﺴﻠﻝﺍ ﺭﺜﺃ ،ﻱﺩﻴﺯﻝﺍ ﻕﻴﻓﻭﺘ ﻝﺍ ،ﺏﺎﺘﻜﻠﻝ ﺔﻴﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﺩﻝﺍ ،ﺙﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﻲﺒﺭﻌ 1984 ﺹ ﺹ ،ﻁﺩ ،ﻡ 23 ، 22 . * -ﺔﻤﺠﺭﺘ ،ﺔﻴﺎﻜﺤﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﻁﺨ ،ﺕﻴﻨﺠ ﺭﺍﺭﻴﺠ : ،ﺔﻓﺎﻘﺜﻠﻝ ﻰﻠﻋﻷﺍ ﺱﻠﺠﻤﻝﺍ ،ﻥﻭﺭﺨﺁﻭ ﻡﺼﺘﻌﻤ ﺩﻤﺤﻤ 1997 ﻁﺩ ،ﻡ . ** -ﺔﻤﺠﺭﺘ ،ﺔﻴﺎﻜﺤﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﻁﺨ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺓﺩﻭﻋ ،ﺕﻴﻨﺠ ﺭﺍﺭﻴﺠ : ،ﺀﺎﻀﻴﺒﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﺩﻝﺍ ،ﺕﻭﺭﻴﺒ ،ﻲﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﻲﻓﺎﻘﺜﻝﺍ ﺯﻜﺭﻤﻝﺍ ،ﻡﺼﺘﻌﻤ ﺩﻤﺤﻤ 2000 ،ﻡ ﻁﺩ . 2 ﺩ / ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﺀﺎﻴﻤﻴﺴﻭ ﺔﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺀﺎﻴﻤﻴﺴﻝﺍ ،ﻁﺒﺍﺭﻤﻝ ﺩﺤﺍﻭﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ -لﻤﺎﺸ ﺭﻭﺼﺘ لﺠﺃ ﻥﻤ ﻱﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﻉﻭﺭﺸﻤ ﺕﺍﺭﻭﺸﻨﻤ ،ﺱﺎﻓ ،ﺔﻴﺴﺩﺎﻘﻝﺍ ،ﻭﻔﻨﺁ ﺔﻌﺒﻁﻤ ،ﺔﻤﺠﺭﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨﻭ 2005 ﻁ ،ﻡ 1 ﺹ ﺹ ، 144 ، 143 .

ﺎﻤﺃ ) ﺕﺭﺎﺒ ﻥﻻﻭﺭ ( ﻥﻤ ﺔﻴﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ ﺹﻭﺼﻨﻠﻝ ﺔﻴﻠﻜﺸﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻨﺒﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻪﺘﻴﺎﻨﻋ ﺯﻜﺭ ﺩﻘﻓ ﻥﺍﻭﻨﻌﺒ ﺎﻬﻤﺩﻗ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ لﻼﺨ : " ﺩﺭﺴﻠﻝ ﻱﻭﻴﻨﺒﻝﺍ لﻴﻠﺤﺘﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ لﺨﺩﻤ " ﺕﺎﻴﻭﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﺱﺭﺩﻓ ﻴﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺤﻭﻠﻝ ﻪﺘﺴﺍﺭﺩ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻴﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ ﻑﺌﺎﻅﻭﻝﺍ ﺎﻫﺎﻤﺴ ﻲﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﻯﺭﻐﺼﻝﺍ ﺔ لﺎﻌﻓﻷﺍﻭ ﻭ ﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍﻭ ﻲﺼﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﻡﺎﻅﻨﻝﺍ . ﺔﻴﻌﻴﺯﻭﺘ ﺕﺍﺩﺤﻭ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﻴﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺤﻭﻝﺍ ﻡﺴﻗﻭ ) Distributionnelles ( ﺔﻴﺠﺎﻤﺩﺇﻭ Intégratives) ( . ﺔﻴﺒﻴﻜﺭﺘ ﺔﻌﻴﺒﻁ ﺎﻬﻝ ﻰﻝﻭﻷﺍ ﺎﻤﻴﻓ ﺔﻁﺒﺘﺭﻤ ﻯﻭﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﻬﻨﻴﺒ ﻤﺯﻝﺍﻭ ﻲﻘﻁﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻨ ، ﺩﻨﻋ ﻑﺌﺎﻅﻭﻝﺍ لﺒﺎﻘﺘﻭ ) ﺏﻭﺭﺒ ( ﻭﻬﻔﻤ ﺎﻀﻴﺃﻭ ﻡ ) ﺔﻜﺭﺘﺸﻤﻝﺍ ﺯﻓﺍﻭﺤﻝﺍ ( ﺩﻨﻋ ) ﻲﻜﺴﻔﺸﺎﻤﻭﺘ ( ، ﺕﺍﺫ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﺜﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻝﺍﺩﺒﺘﺴﺍ ﺔﻌﻴﺒﻁ ، ﻻ ﺎﻬﻨﻷ لﻴﺤﺘ ﺏﺘﺭﺘﻤ لﻌﻓ ﻰﻝﺇ ، ﺎﻤﻨﺇﻭ ﻱﻭﻨﺎﺜ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤ ﻰﻝﺇ ، ﻑﺌﺎﻅﻭﻝﺎﺒ ﻁﻴﺤﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻤﻭﻠﻌﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﻥﺌﺍﺭﻘﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺩﺴﺠﺘﻴﻭ 1 . ـﺠ -ﺙﻝﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﻩﺎﺠﺘﻻﺍ : ﺔﻝﻻﺩﻝﺍ ﻯﻭﺘﺴﻤﺒ ﻲﻨﻋ ، ﻪﻠﺜﻤﻴﻭ ) ﺱﺎﻤﻴﺭﻏ ) ( Greimas ( ، ﻰﻠﻋ ﻪﺜﺎﺤﺒﺃ ﺕﺴﺴﺄﺘ ﺓﺩﺎﻌﺘﺴﻻﺍ ﺏﻭﺭﺒ لﺎﻤﻋﻷ ﺔﻴﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ، ﻭﻴﻨﺒﻭ ﻲﺌﺎﻴﻤﻴﺴ ﺭﻭﻅﻨﻤ ﻥﻤﻀ ﺎﻬﻌﻀﻭﻭ ﻱ . ﻩﺩﻨﻋ ﺔﻴﺩﺭﺴﻝﺎﻓ ﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻡﻭﻘﺘ ﺕﺎﻅﻭﻔﻠﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻋﻭﻤﺠ ﺔﻌﺒﺎﺘﺘﻤﻝﺍ ، ﺸﺘﻝ لﻜﺎ – ﺎﻴﻨﺴﻝﺃ ﺔﻠﻤﺠ ﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻉﻭﺭﺸﻤ ﻕﻴﻘﺤﺘ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﻓﺩﺎﻬﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻓﺭﺼﺘ ، ﺎﻨﺒﻭ ﺱﺎﺴﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻪﺘﻴﺅﺭ ﻥﺃ ﺩﻋﺍﻭﻘﻝﺍ لﻤﺠﻤ ﺍ ﻡﻅﻨﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺱﺴﻷﺍﻭ ﻝﺍ ﻲﻫ ﺔﻴﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻝ ﻱﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ ﻭﺤﻨ ، ﻰﻠﻋ ﻑﺼﺘﻴ ﺩﻭﺭﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﺱﺎﺴﺃ ﻥﻴﻴﻭﺘﺴﻤﺒ : ﻕﻴﻤﻋﻭ ﻲﺤﻁﺴ ، لﻋﺍﻭﻔﻝﺎﺒ ﺹﺘﺨﻴ لﻭﻷﺍ ، ﺔﻴﻭﻨﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺤﻭﻝﺍ ﻡﺎﻅﻨ ﺩﻤﺘﻌﻴ ﻲﻨﺎﺜﻝﺍﻭ ﻯﺭﻐﺼﻝﺍ . ﻩﺯﺠﻨﺃ ﺎﻤ ﻡﻫﺃ ﻥﺎﻜﻭ ) ﺱﺎﻤﻴﺭﻏ ( ﻭﻫ ﺔﻴﻝﻻﺩﻝﺍ ﻪﺘﻴﺭﻅﻨ ﻲﻓ ) ﻲﻝﻻﺩﻝﺍ ﻊﺒﺭﻤﻝﺍ ( ﺱﺴﺄﺘﺘ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ لﺒﺎﻘﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﻑﻼﺘﺨﻻﺍ ﺕﺎﻗﻼﻋ ﻥﻤ ﺹﻠﺨﺘﺴﺘ ﺔﻝﻻﺩﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻪﺘﺭﻜﻓ ﻤﺯﺤ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺔﻤﺌﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﺔ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻝﺍﺩﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺤﻭﻝﺍ ... ﺍﺫﻜﻫﻭ ﺭﺼﻘﻝﺎﺒ ﻻﺇ ﻙﺭﺩﻴ ﻻ لﻭﻁﻝﺎﻓ ... ﺎﻫﺩﺍﺩﻀﺄﺒ ﻑﺭﻌﺘ ﺀﺎﻴﺸﻷﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻱﺃ . ﺔﻔﻴﻅﻭ ﺎﻤﺃ ) ﻝﺍ ﻊﺒﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻝﻻﺩ ( ﻑﺎﺸﺘﻜﺍ ﺊﻴﻬﻴ ﻪﻨﺃ ﻲﻓ ﻥﻤﻜﺘﻓ ﺔﺴﺴﺅﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻘﻴﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻝﻻﺩﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﺒ 1 ﻊﺠﺭﻤﻝﺍ ،ﻕﺒﺎﺴﻝﺍ ﺹ ﺹ 143 ، 139 .

ﺔﻴﺤﻁﺴﻝﺍ ﻪﺘﻴﻨﺒ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻤﻜﺤﺘﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺹﻨﻝﺎﺒ ، ﻠﻋ ﻲﻨﺒﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻰﻨﻌﻤﻝﺍ لﻜﺸ ﺩﺴﺠﻴ ﻪﻨﺃ ﻰﻨﻌﻤﺒ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﻪﻴ ﻪﺘﻠﻤﺠ ﻲﻓ 1 . ﺀﺍﺭﻵﺍ ﻩﺫﻬﻝ ﺎﻨﻗﺭﻁﺘ ﺩﻌﺒ ﻪﻴﻝﺇ ﻭﺒﺼﻨ ﺎﻤ ﻥﺇ ، ﺎﻜﻓﻷﺍﻭ ﺭ ، ﺕﺎﻬﺠﻭﺘﻝﺍﻭ ، ﺞﻬﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻰﻝﺇ لﺜﻤﻴ ﻻ ﻱﻭﻴﻨﺒﻝﺍ ﻗ ﻗ ﻻﻭ ﻥﻴﻨﺍﻭ ﻷﺍ ﺹﻭﺼﻨﻝﺍ ﻉﺎﻀﺨﺇ ﻰﺒﺄﺘ ﺔﻤﺭﺎﺼ ﺩﻋﺍﻭ ﺎﻬﻝ ﺔﻴﺒﺩ . ﻭﻫ ﺎﻤﻨﺇ ﺩﺩﻌﺘﻤ ﺞﻫﺎﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻠﻴﻜﺸﺘ ﺓ ، ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻤ ﻯﺅﺭﻭ ﺕﺎﻫﺎﺠﺘﺍ ﺕﻠﻤﺸ ، ﺘ ﺎﺤﻭﺭﻭ ﺍﺩﺴﺠ ﺹﻨﻝﺍ ﻕﻁﻨﺘﺴ ، ﻼﻓ ﻭﺭﻏ -ﻥﺫﺇ -ﺔﻴﺒﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺔﺼﻘﻝﺍ لﻴﻠﺤﺘﻝ ﺎﻬﻘﻴﺒﻁﺘ ﻲﻓ ، ﺎﻬﻔﺌﺎﻅﻭﻭ ﺔﻴﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺘﺎﻨﻭﻜﻤ ﺹﺤﻓﻭ ﺎﻬﺘﻻﻻﺩﻭ ، لﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻗﻼﻁﻨﺍ ﻡﺌﺎﻗ ﺔﻴﻨﻼﻜﺸﻝﺍ ﻪﺘﻴﺅﺭ ﻲﻓ ﻱﻭﻴﻨﺒﻝﺍ ﻲﻠﻤﺎﻜﺘ ﻕﺴﻨ ﻰﻠﻋ ، ﺎﻔﺴﻌﺘ ﺱﻴﻝ ﺔﻔﻴﻅﻭﻝﺍﻭ لﻜﺸﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻁﺒﺍﺭﺘﻝﺎﻓ . ﻭﻫ ﺭﺨﺁ ﻯﻭﺘﺴﻤ ﻲﻓ لﻜﺸﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﻥﻜﻤﻴﻓ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﻯﻭﺘﺴﻤ . ﺔﺠﻴﺘﻨﻝﺎﺒﻭ ، ﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﻥﺈﻓ ﺔﻴﻔﻴﻅﻭﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻗﻼﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻓﺭﻌﻤﺒ ﺢﻤﺴﺘ ﻰﻨ 2 . ﺎﻤﻠﻜﻓ ﻴﺼﻝﺍ لﺎﻜﺸﺃ ﺕﻋﻭﻨﺘﻭ ﻰﻨﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﻻﺎﺠﻤ ﺕﻔﻠﺘﺨﺍ ﺎ ﻕﺭﻁﻭ ﺔﻏ ﺀﺍﺩﻷﺍ ، ﺔﻝﻻﺩﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺀﺎﻀﻓ ﺕﻌﺴﺘﺍ . ﺔﻋﻭﻨﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻪﺘﺎﺤﻭﺭﻁ لﻤﺎﻜﺘﺒ ﻱﻭﻴﻨﺒﻝﺍ ﻲﻨﻼﻜﺸﻝﺍ ﺞﻬﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﺈﹾﻓ ﻙﻝﺫ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﺴﻴﺴﺄﺘ ، لﻜﺸﻴ ﺔﻘﻴﺭﻁ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤﻝ ﺔﺒﺴﻨﻝﺎﺒ ﻭ ﺍ ﺔﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﻫﺎﻔﻤ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝ ﺔﻴﺠﻬﻨﻤ ﺉﺩﺎﺒﻤ ﺔﻴﺒﻌﺸﻝ . ﺎﻗﻼﻁﻨﺍ ﺔﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻗﺎﻴﺴ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﻲﻓ ﻲﻨﻼﻜﺸﻝﺍ ﺱﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺒ ﺽﻬﻨ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﺴﺎﺴﻷﺍ ﻥﻤ ، ﺔﺼﻘﻝﺍ لﻴﻠﺤﺘ ﻲﻓ ﻥﻴﻴﻨﻼﻜﺸﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺎﻨﻋ ﻁﺤﻤ ﻥﺎﻜ ﻱﺫﻝﺎﻓ ، ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻭﻐﻠﻝﺍ لﻜﺎﻴﻬﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﻭﻫ ﻲﺒﻴﻜﺭﺘﻝﺍ ﻯﻭﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ . ﻌﺒ ﺩ ﺔﻴﻝﻻﺩﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﻴﻘﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻑﻭﻗﻭﻝﺍ ﻙﻝﺫ ﻭ ﺏﺎﻁﺨﻠﻝ ﺔﻴﺌﺎﺤﻴﻹﺍ 3 . ﻲﻫﻭ ﺎﻋﺩ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺠﻬﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻴﻝﺇ ) ﻑﻭﺭﻭﺩﻭﺘ ﻥﺎﺘﻓﺯﺘ (. ﻥﺃ ﺎﻤﺒﻭ " ﻅﻨﻤ ﻭﻫ ﻱﺩﺭﺴ لﻜﺸ لﻜ ﻭ ﺔﻴﻔﻴﻅﻭ ﺔﻌﻴﺒﻁ ﺕﺍﺫ لﻤﺠﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻤ ، لﻤﺠﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺔﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﻯﻭﺘﺴﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺩﺴﺠﺘﺘ (...) ، ﺱﺭﺩﻝﺎﺒ ﺔﺼﻘﻝﺍ لﻭﺎﻨﺘﺘ ﺓﺀﺍﺭﻗ لﻜ ﺍﺫﻝ ، ﻥﺃ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻬﻝ ﺩﺒﻻ ﺔﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺤﻭ ﺎﻬﻨﻤ ﻥﻭﻜﺘﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺌﻔﻝﺍ ﺩﺩﺤﺘ " 4 . ﺙﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ لﻤﺸﻴ ﺔﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺤﻭ ﻥﻋ ﺙﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍﻭ ﻭ ﻥﻋ ﺎﻀﻴﺃ ﺔﻴﺴﺎﺴﻷﺍ ﺎﻬﻔﺌﺎﻅ ﻭ ﺔﻴﻭﻨﺎﺜﻝﺍ -ﺕﺭﺎﺒ ﻥﻻﻭﺭ ﺎﻫﺩﺩﺤ ﺎﻤﻜ ﺓﺩﻋﺎﻗ ﻥﻤﻀﺘﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻭ 1 -ﻱﺩﺭﺴﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ،ﻲﻤﻴﺠﻌﻝﺍ ﺭﺼﺎﻨﻝﺍ ﺩﻤﺤﻤ ) ﺱﺎﻤﻴﺭﻏ ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨ ( ﺹ ﺹ ،ﻁﺩ ،ﺕﺩ ،ﺕﻻﺀﺎﺴﻤ ﺔﻠﺴﻠﺴ ، 36 ، 35 . / ﻭ / ﺹ 93 /. ﻭ / ﺹ 97 . 2 -ﻡﻴﺩﻘﺘﻭ ﺔﻤﺠﺭﺘ ،ﻭﻨﻴﺠﻨﺍ ﻙﺭﺎﻤ ،ﻭﻜﻴﺍ ﻭﺘﺭﺒﻤﺍ ،ﺕﺭﺎﺒ ﻥﻻﻭﺭ ،ﻑﻭﺭﻭﺩﻭﺘ ﻥﺎﺘﻓﺯﺘ : ﺏﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍ لﻭﺼﺃ ﻲﻓ ،ﻲﻨﻴﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﺩﻤﺤﺃ ،ﺩﺍﺩﻐﺒ ،ﻕﺍﺭﻌﻝﺍ ،ﺔﻴﻓﺎﻘﺜﻝﺍ ﻥﻭﺅﺸﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﺩ ،ﺩﻴﺩﺠﻝﺍ ﻱﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ 1987 ﻁ ،ﻡ 1 ﺹ ، 21 . 3 -ﺍ ﺩﻘﻨﻝ-ﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻨﺴﻝﻷ-ﺍ ،ﺭﻀﺎﻨ ﻭﺒﺃ ﺱﻴﺭﻭﻤ ،ﺕﻭﺭﻴﺒ ،ﺭﺸﻨﻠﻝ ﺭﺎﻬﻨﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﺩ ،ﺔﺴﺭﺎﻤﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻲﺒﺩﻷ 1979 ﻁ ،ﻡ 1 ﺹ ، ﺹ 9 ، 8 . 4 -ﺹ ،ﻪﺴﻔﻨ ﻊﺠﺭﻤﻝﺍ 23 .