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Depression in Women and in Men: Differences on Behavioral Avoidance and on Behavioral Activation

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Academic year: 2021

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NTRODUCTION

Negative repetitive thoughts Catastrophization Self-blame Other blame Low environmental satisfaction Behavioral inhibition system Behavioral avoidance Behavioral activation Positive self-esteem Self-efficacy Acceptance Positive centration Centration on action Positive reassessment Perspective High environmental satisfaction Behavioral activation system

Disturbed psychological processes Negative repetitive thoughts

Maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies Low environmental satisfaction

Inhibition

Behavioural avoidance

Healthy psychological processes

Adaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies High environmental satisfaction

Approach High self-esteem High self-efficacy Identity clarity Behavioural activation

According to Kinderman’s model (2005-2013):

Biological factors Circumstantial factors Disturbed psychological processes Mental disorder Social factors Depression Depression

Negative repetitive thoughts

Maladaptive emotion regulation strategies Low environmental rewards

Hyperactive BIS

Behavioral avoidance is… ᵥ A vulnerability factor to depression

ᵥ One of the main depressive symptoms

ᵥ One of the main psychotherapeutic targets

According to theoretical models of depression:

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There is only a few signifiant relationships between psychological processes and behavioral avoidance/activation

∟ Role of other variables ?

Life events, family mental health history, cognitive disturbances, cognitive biais,… // Kinderman’s model

According to behavioral framework on depression:

Research questions:

1/ Which disturbed psychological processes lead to behavioral avoidance? 2/ Which healthy psychological processes lead to behavioral activation?

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ETHOD

Adults [18-60 years] from clinical and non-clinical populations Questionnaires Psychological processes

Behavioral avoidance & behavioral activation Depression

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541 women 281 men M SD M SD 31.40 12.20 32.45 11.87

Regression analyses: women vs men Depression Depression Depression Depression 0.46** -0.37** 0.45** -0.39** Behavioural avoidance Behavioural activation Depression Depression 0.43** 0.08* 0.04 0.05 0.04 0.08 0.60** 0.08 0.09 0.10 0.11 0.03 0.08 0.09* 0.00 0.02 0.07 0.05 0.06 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.05 -0.15* -0.06 -0.10 -0.07 0.02 0.00 -0.07

According to the relationships between negative repetitive thoughts and ↑ behavioral avoidance

↓ behavioral activation

Relevance of working on repetitive negative thoughts with depressed patients

// Martell, Dimidjian & Hermann-Dunn (2010)

Catastrophization & behavioral avoidance: relevance of a cognitive work on schemas of catastrophization

Self-efficacy & behavioral activation: relevance of enhancing this psychological variable

Negative relationhsip between acceptance & behavioral activation?

∟ Active process OR resignation?

*Corresponding author : *aurelie.wagener@ulg.ac.be

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