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Ruminal bacterial community change in response to diet-induced variation of ruminal trans-10 fatty acids

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Academic year: 2021

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(20) 4thCongressofEuropeanMicrobiologists,FEMS2011Switzerland,June26 30. A.Zened,S.Combes,L.Cauquil,F.EnjalbertandA.TroegelerMeynadier UMR1289Tandem,INRA/INPTENSAT/ENVT,CastanetTolosan,France a.zened@envt.fr. BackgroundandObjective Trans fattyacids(FA)areproducedduringthebiohydrogenationoflinoleicacidintherumen.Becauseoftheirhealthpromotingproperties,trans11 isomers,whichare usuallythemostabundantbiohydrogenationintermediates,aremostdesirable (1).However,inhighyieldingdairycows,whenhigh concentrate diets containing fat are fed to cows, a shift from trans11 to trans10 FA can occur, therefore, trans10 isomers can become the predominantbiohydrogenationintermediates,inducingmilkfatdepressionindairycows(2) andhavingpossibledetrimentaleffectsonhumanhealth(3).. Theaimofthisworkwastostudythebacterialcommunitydynamicsinresponsetodietinducedtrans10FAshift.. Methods Fourcannulateddairycowswereusedina4x4arrangement.Eachperiodcomprised15dayswithacontroldiet(Cdiet,20%ofstarch)followedby 14dayswitheitherCdiet,a40%starchdiet(Sdiet),a5%sunfloweroildiet(Odiet)ora40%starchplus5%oildiet(SOdiet). Duringeachperiod,rumenfluidsweretakenondays15,25,27and29. ThebacterialcommunitieswereassessedusingPCRCESSCP oftheV3region ofthe16SrRNAgenes. TheCESSCPdataprocessingwascomputedwithStatFingerprintspackageusedinRsoftware(4). ThebacterialcommunitieswerecomparedusingthepairwiseEuclideandistancesoftheCESSCPprofiles. Toexplorethisdistancematrix,nonmetricmultidimensionalscaling(nMDS)wascarriedout. Pairwiseanalysesofsimilarities(RANOSIM)wereperformedonthedistancematrixtotesttheeffectof the diet (R >0.75: well separated groups; 0.50 < R < 0.75: separated but overlapping groups; 0.25 < R < 0.50:separatedbutstronglyoverlappinggroups).. Results&Conclusions. trans10isomers(%oftotalfattyacids). Onday15,trans10FAproportionandSimpsonindexvaluesweresimilar amongthe16cowxperiodcombinations(0.9%oftotalFAand7.7on average,respectively). Ondays2529,thetrans10FAproportionin ruminalfluidwasthehighestincowsfedSO diet(P<0.001).. b. b. Nodifferencesinthestructureofthebacterialcommunity wasnoticedonday15(Ƒ).. a. b. ThelowestSimpsonindex(6.5)wasnoticedincowsfedSand SOdiets(P<0.001)ondays2529.CowsfedCandOdiets exhibitedsimilarSimpsondiversities(7.5).. Ondays2529(fullsymbols),thestructureofruminal bacterialcommunityofcowsreceivingSOdietdiffered fromthosereceivingCandOdiets,andSdietresultedin anintermediatestructure.. a a SimpsonIndex. Stress=15.37. b b RAnosim (d2529) Cdiet Odiet. Cdiet. Odiet. Sdiet. 0.01. 0.14. 0.44. 0.25. 0.51. Sdiet. SOdiet. 0.18. Theincreaseintrans10FAproportionwasnoticedintherumenonlywiththestarch+oildiet. Starch+oiladditiontothedietofcowsmodifiedthestructure ofthemicrobioteandbothstarchaloneandstarch+ oiladditionreduceditsdiversity.Oiladditioninalowstarchdietdidnotaffectbacterialcommunity. 1. 2. 3. 4.. Kritchevsky D (2000) Antimutagenic and some other effects of conjugated linoleic acid. Br. J. Nutr. 83, 459–465. Shingfield KJ and Griinari JM (2007) Role of biohydrogenation intermediates in milk fat depression. Eur. J. Lipid Sci. Technol. 109, 799–816. Tricon S, Burdge GC, Kew S et al. (2004) Opposing effects of cis-9,trans-11 and trans-10,cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid on blood lipids in healthy humans. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 80, 614–620. Michelland, R., S. Dejean, S. Combes et al. (2009) StatFingerprints: a friendly graphical interface program for processing and analysis of microbial fingerprints profiles. Mol. Ecol. Resour. 9, 1359–1363..

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