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Predictors and correlates of changes in residents' burnout level: Influence of person- and work-related variables

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Academic year: 2021

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1 Predictors and correlates of changes in residents’ burnout: Influence of person-

and work-related variables

Isabelle Bragard (Ph.D.)1, Anne-Marie Etienne (Ph. D.)1, Yves Libert (Ph. D.)2,Isabelle Merckaert (Ph.D.) 3, Aurore Liénard (M.A.) 2, Julie Meunier (M.A.) 2,Nicole Delvaux (Ph. D.)4, Isabelle Hansez (Ph.D.)1, Serge Marchal (M.A.)5, Christine Reynaert (M.D., Ph. D.)6,

Pierre Scalliet (M.D., Ph. D.)7, Darius Razavi (M.D., Ph. D.)3

1Université de Liège, Faculté des Sciences Psychologiques et de l’Education, Liège, Belgium; 2

Université Libre de Bruxelles, Institut Jules Bordet, Brussels, Belgium; 3Université Libre de Bruxelles, Faculté des Sciences Psychologiques et de l’Éducation, Brussels, Belgium;

4

Hôpital Universitaire Erasme, Service de Psychologie, Brussels, Belgium; 5C.A.M. (Training and Research group), Brussels, Belgium; 6Université Catholique de Louvain, Faculté de Psychologie et des Sciences de l’Éducation, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium; 7

Université Catholique de Louvain, Faculté de Médecine, Brussels, Belgium.

This research program was supported by the « Fonds National de la Recherche Scientifique - Section Télévie » of Belgium and by the C.A.M., training and research group (Brussels – Belgium).

Presenting author: Isabelle BRAGARD Université de Liège

Département Personne et Société Bld du Rectorat, Bât. B33 B-4000 Liège Belgium Phone: 00 32 4 366 23 98 Fax: 00 32 4 366 28 08 E-mail: Isabelle.Bragard@ulg.ac.be

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Abstract

370 mots

Background. It is well recognized that residents may experience burnout. There are however not enough studies which have investigated person- and work-related variables associated with the development of residents’ burnout. The aim of this study is to identify predictors and correlates – person- and work-related variables - of changes in residents’ burnout in order to develop effective interventions to reduce their burnout.

Methods. Seventy-nine residents from various specialties included in a randomized controlled study which has failed to show the efficacy of a communication and stress management training designed to reduce burnout were assessed at an 8-month interval Burnout (emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and personal accomplishment) was assessed with Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). Numerous person-related (socioprofessional, psychological and communicational) and work-related variables were collected at each assessment time.

Results. Linear regressions have been conducted. Person- and work-related variables explain 37% of the variance in changes in emotional exhaustion. Significant predictors were Locus of Control (Beta =.212; p=.027), stress to communicate in interview (Beta =.207; p=.044) and emotional-focused coping (Beta =.210; p=.042). A significant correlate was changes in lack of organizational support index (Beta =.381; p<.001). However, only person-related variables explain 9% of the variance in changes in depersonalization (changes in social support-focused coping: Beta = -.292; p=.009) and 12% of the variance in changes in personal accomplishment (work experience: Beta =.223; p=.041; changes in emotional-focused coping: Beta = -.258; p=.019).

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3 Conclusion. Identifying person- and work-related variables predicting or being associated with changes in residents’ burnout is an essential step to further develop effective interventions to reduce burnout. Interventions focusing on residents’ problem-focused and social support-focused coping and on supervisors’ team working management may be suggested.

Research Implications. Surprisingly, only one general work-related variable was associated with changes in residents’ burnout. Further research should build questionnaires focusing on specific work characteristics of residents in order to identify work-related variables predicting changes in burnout over time.

Clinical Implications. Nearly 50% of residents at baseline have high emotional exhaustion or depersonalization. Burnout prevention seems thus really necessary earlier in the medical curriculum.

Acknowledgement of Funding. This research program was supported by the « Fonds National de la Recherche Scientifique - Section Télévie » of Belgium and by the C.A.M., training and research group (Brussels – Belgium).

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