شعرية القصيدة في مجلة الشهاب الجزائرية

ﻲﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍﻭ ﻲﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﻠﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﺍﺯﻭ

ﺒ ﺔﻌﻤﺎﺠ

ـ

ﺔﻨﺘﺎ

1

ﻥﻭﻨﻔﻝﺍﻭ ﻲﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﻷﺍﻭ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻜ

ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﻡﺴﻗ

ﻭ

ﻲﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ

ﻲﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻡﻭﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﻩﺍﺭﻭﺘﻜﺩ لﻴﻨﻝ ﺔﻤﺩﻘﻤ ﺔﺤﻭﺭﻁﺃ

ﺔﺒﻝﺎﻁﻝﺍ ﺩﺍﺩﻋﺇ

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ﻑﺍﺭﺸﺇ

ﺫﺎﺘﺴﻷﺍ

ﺭﻭﺘﻜﺩﻝﺍ

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ﺓﺩﻭﺯ ﺔﻤﻴﻁﻓ

ﻥﺎﻤﺭﺯ ﺩﻤﺤﻤ

ﺔﺸﻗﺎﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻨﺠﻝ ﺀﺎﻀﻋﺃ

ﺏﻘﻠﻝﺍﻭ ﻡﺴﻻﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﺠﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﺼﻷﺍ ﺔﻌﻤﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﻔﺼﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﺩــــﻤ ﻰــــﺴﻴﻋ ﺫﺎﺘــﺴﺃ ﻲﻝﺎــﻌﻝﺍ ﻡﻴــﻠﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﺔـــﻨـﺘﺎﺒ ﺔــﻌﻤﺎﺠ 1 ﺎــــــــﺴــﻴـﺌﺭ ـــﻤﺤﻤ ﻥﺎــــﻤﺭﺯ ﺩ ﺫﺎﺘــﺴﺃ ﻲﻝﺎــﻌﻝﺍ ﻡﻴــﻠﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﺔـــﻨـﺘﺎﺒ ﺔــﻌﻤﺎﺠ 1 ﺍﺭﺭـــﻘﻤﻭ ﺎﻓﺭـــﺸﻤ ﻲﻝﺎـــﺸﻨﺨ ﷲﺍ ﺩـــﺒﻋ ﺃ ﺭـــﻀﺎﺤﻤ ﺫﺎﺘـــﺴﺃ ﺔـــﻨـﺘﺎﺒ ﺔــﻌﻤﺎﺠ 1 ﺎــــﺸﻗﺎﻨﻤ ﺍﻭــــﻀﻋ ﻲــــﻠﺒﻨﺤ ﺢــــﺘﺎـﻓ ﻲﻝﺎــﻌﻝﺍ ﻡﻴــﻠﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﺫﺎﺘــﺴﺃ ﻲﻗﺍﻭــﺒﻝﺍ ﻡﺃ ﺔــــﻌﻤﺎﺠ ﺎــــﺸﻗﺎﻨﻤ ﺍﻭــــﻀﻋ ﻥﻭــــﺠﺒﻁ ﺢــــﺒﺍﺭ ﻲﻝﺎــﻌﻝﺍ ﻡﻴــﻠﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﺫﺎﺘــﺴﺃ ﻡ . ﻉ . ﺔﻨﻴﻁﻨـﺴﻗ ﺓﺫﺘﺎﺴﻸﻝ ﺎــــﺸﻗﺎﻨﻤ ﺍﻭــــﻀﻋ ﻱﺭــﻗ ﺩــﻴﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﺩــﺒﻋ ﺫﺎﺘـــﺴﺃ ﺃ ﺭـــﻀﺎﺤﻤ ﺔـــــﻌﻤﺎﺠ ﺔﻠـــﺸﻨﺨ ﺎــــﺸﻗﺎﻨﻤ ﺍﻭــــﻀﻋ

ﺍ

ﺔﻴﻌﻤﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﻨﺴﻝ

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1436

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ﺔﻴﺒﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻁﺍﺭﻘﻤﻴﺩﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﻭﻬﻤﺠﻝﺍ

ﻲﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍﻭ ﻲﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﻠﻌﺘﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﺍﺯﻭ

ﺔﻨﺘﺎـﺒ ﺔﻌﻤﺎﺠ

1

ﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﻷﺍﻭ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻜ

ﻥﻭﻨﻔﻝﺍﻭ ﻲﺒﺭﻌ

ﻲﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﻷﺍﻭ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﻡﺴﻗ

ﻲﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻡﻭﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﻩﺍﺭﻭﺘﻜﺩ لﻴﻨﻝ ﺔﻤﺩﻘﻤ ﺔﺤﻭﺭﻁﺃ

ﺔﺒﻝﺎﻁﻝﺍ ﺩﺍﺩﻋﺇ

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ﺭﻭﺘﻜﺩﻝﺍ ﺫﺎﺘﺴﻷﺍ ﻑﺍﺭﺸﺇ

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ﺓﺩﻭﺯ ﺔﻤﻴﻁﻓ

ﻥﺎﻤﺭﺯ ﺩﻤﺤﻤ

ﺔﻴﻌﻤﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﻨﺴﻝﺍ

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أ ﺔﻠﺠﻤ ﺕﻨﻜﻤﺘ " ﺏﺎﻬﺸﻝﺍ " ﺎﻬﺴﺴﺃ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ " ﺱﻴﺩﺎﺒ ﻥﺒ ﺩﻴﻤﺤﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ " ﻥـﻤ ، ﻙﺍﺭـﺤﻝﺍ لـﻴﻌﻔﺘ ﻥﻤ ﺓﺩﺘﻤﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻠﺤﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﺀﺎﻨﺜﺃ ﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻲﺒﺩﻷﺍ 1925 ﻰﻝﺇ 1939 ﺎﻴﺨﻴﺭﺎﺘ ﻼﺠﺴ ﺕﻨﺎﻜ ﺎﻤﻜ ، ﺕﺎﻋﺍﺩﺒﻺﻝ ﺔﻋﺯﻨﻝﺍ ﻊﻤ ﻲﻨﻔﻝﺍﻭ ﻱﺭﻜﻔﻝﺍ ﺎﻫﺭﺎﺴﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺕﻘﻔﺘﺍ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ،ﺔﻴﺭﺜﻨﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺤﻼﺼﻹﺍ ﺭﺫﺠﺘﺘ ﺭﻴﻴﻐﺘﻝﺍ ﺭﺅﺒ ﻥﻭﻜﺒ ﺎﻬﺴﺴﺅﻤ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻨﺎﻤﻴﺇ ،ﺔﻠﺠﻤﻠﻝ ﻩﺫـﻫ ﺎﻬﻠﻤﺤﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﻜﻔﻝﺍ ﺡﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔـﻤﻸﻝ ﺔـﻴﺒﺩﻷﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺭﻜﻔﻝﺍ ﺔﻀﻬﻨﻝﺍ ﻕﻴﻘﺤﺘ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﻴﻠﻋ لﻭﻌﻤﻝﺍﻭ ،ﺔﻴﺒﺩﻷﺍ لﺎﻤﻋﻷﺍ ﺔـﻴﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﻗﻻ ﻥﻴﺤ ﻲﻓ ،ﺓﺭﻤﻌﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺕ ﺕﺎﻋﺍﺩﺒﻹﺍ ﻲﻀﻘﻴ ﺎﻴﺒﻠﺴ ﺎﻤﻜﺤ ﺭﻌـﺸ ﺭﻌـﺸﻝﺍ ﺍﺫـﻫ ﻥﻭـﻜﺒ ﻥﺃ ﺭﻴﻏ ،ﺕﺎﺒﺴﺎﻨﻤ ﻝﺍ ﻱﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺏﻌﺸﻠﻝ ﺔﻴﻭﻗ ﺔﻴﻌﺠﺭﻤ ﻼﹼﻜﺸ ﻲﻨﻁﻭﻝﺍﻭ ﻲﺤﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﻊﻓﺍﺩ ﻲـﻓ ﺕﺍﺫﻝﺎﺒ ﺔﻠﺤﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺔﻜﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻬﻝ ﺔﺴﺎﻤ ﺔﺠﺎﺤﺒ ﻊﻤﺘﺠﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﻥﻁﻭﻝﺎﻓ ﺔﻴﺤﻼـﺼﻹﺍ ﺔـﻴﻭﻋﻭﺘﻝﺍ ﻲﻨﺴ ﺎﻬﺘﻠﻘﺜﺃ ﺏﻭﻠﻗ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺏﺎﺴﻨﺘ ﻥﺃ ﺕﻋﺎﻁﺘﺴﺍ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺎﻌﺠﻭ ﺭﺎﻤﻌﺘﺴﻻﺍ ﻥﻁﻭﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻀﻗ ﻥﻋ ﺎﻬﻠﻐﺸ . ﹶﻓ ﺤ ﹺﺭ ﻱ ﹾﺫﺇ ﺀﺎﻜ ﹶﻓ ﹴﺭﻌﺸﺒ ﺎﻬﻠﻴﺘ ﹲﺔﺒﻏﺭ ﻩﺩﻭﺴﺘ ﹲﺔﺤﻤﺎﻁ ﻭﻴ ﺏﻌـﺸﻝﺍ ﻊﻤ ﺵﻴﻌﺘ ﻥﺃ ﻲﻓ ﺕﺎـﻴﻤ ﺓﺭﻴﺒﻜ ﺔﻴﻀﻗ ﺔﺒﺴﺎﻨﻤﻝﺎﻓ ،ﻪﻤﻝﺃ ﺀﺍﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﻊﺒﺎﺘ -ﺱﺎﺴﺤﺈﺒ ﻕﺩﺎـﺼ ﻊـﻗﺍﻭ ﺭﻭـﺘﻌﻴ ﺎـﻤ ﻡـﻜ ﻎﻴﺭﻔﺘﻝ ﺔﺒﺴﺎﻨﻤ ﻲﻫ لﺒ ،ﺓﺭﻬﺸ لﻴﻨ ﻭﺃ ﺏﺴﻜﺘ ﺔﻠﻴﺴﻭ ﺕﺴﻴﻝﻭ ،ﻡﻬﺒﻭﻌﺸ ﻑـﻁﺍﻭﻌﻝﺍ ﻥـﻤ ،ﺭﺎﻜﻓﻷﺍﻭ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺍﺩﺤﺍﻭ ﺍﺩﺼﻗ ﺎﻤﻭﺩ ﻲﺠﺘﺭﺘ ﻴ ﻑﺩﻬ ﻑﻐﺸﺒ -ﺭﻴﻴﻐﺘ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻱﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﻊﻗﺍﻭﻝﺍ . ﻭﺇ ﺭﻝﺍ ﺩﻌﺒﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻫﺄﺒ ﺎﹼﻨﻤ ﺎﻨﺎﻤﻴ ﺍ ﺭﻌﺸﻠﻝ ﻲﻝﺎﺴ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﺜﻷﺍ ﺭﻴﺒﻜ ﻪﻝ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺙﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﻱﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝ ﻙﻝﺫ ﻥﻤ ﺕﻨﹼﻜﻤ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﻔﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻴﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﻑﺸﻜﻴﻝ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺀﺎﺠ ،ﻩﺭﻭﻬﻤﺠ ﻥﺃ ﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ، ﺭﺜﻷﺍ ﻕﻴﻘﺤﺘ لﺎﻤﻋﻷﺍ ﻊﻴﻤﺠﻝ ﺎﻴﻨﻓﻭ ﺎﻴﻤﻴﻗ ﺍﺩﻌﺒ لﻜﺸﻴ ﺔﻴﻋﺍﺩﺒﻹﺍ ،ﻪﻴﻓ ﻱﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﺎﺜﺤﺒ ، ﻭ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻴﺠﻭ ﺎﺒﺒﺴ ﻥﺎﻜ – ﻥﻅﻨ ﺎﻤﻴﻓ – ﺼﻭﺘ ﻲﻓ ﻴ ﺹﺎﺨ ﺉﺭﺎﻗ ﻰﻝﺇ لﺒ ، ﺉﺭﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﻝﺎﺴﺭﻝﺍ ل ﻤ ﻑﺩﻬﺒ ﺔﻴﺴﺎﺴﻷﺍ ﺕﺎﻤﻭﻘﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻰﺘﺃ ،ﺩﺭﻔﻨﻤ ﻱﺭﺎﻤﻌﺘﺴﺍ ﻊﻤﻗ ﻥﻤ ﻥﻴﻨﺴ ﻪﺘﻨﻭﻜ ﺤ ﹺﻭ ﺔﻴﺼﺨﺸﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ . ﻨﻭ ﻀ ﻑﻴ ﻕﺒﺎﺴﻝﺍ ﺏﺒﺴﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ – ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺎﻨﺭﺎﻴﺘﺨﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻱﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻥﻭﻜ ﺔﻠﺠﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺭﻭﺸﻨﻤﻝﺍ " ﺏﺎﻬﺸﻝﺍ " ﻥﻤ 1925 ﻰﻝﺇ 1939 ﻹﺍ ﺭﻜﻔﻝﺎﺒ ﻁﺒﺘﺭﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺼ ﻼ ﻲﻓ ،ﻲﺤ

ب ﻥﻋ ﺙﻴﺩﺤﻝﺎﺒ ﺓﺩﺭﻔﻨﻤﻭ ﺔﺼﺎﺨ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﺒ ﻅﺤﻴ ﻡﻝ ،ﻱﺭﺎﻤﻌﺘﺴﻻﺍ ﺦﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻜﻓﺃ ﺔﻬﺠﺍﻭﻤ ﺎﻬﻠﻤﻌﺘﺴﺍ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺏﻴﻝﺎﺴﻷﺍﻭ ﺕﺎﻴﻨﻘﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﻋﻭ ،ﻪﺘﻴﺭﻌﺸ -ﺀﺍﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺀﻻﺅﻫ ﺭﻴﺜﺄﺘﻠﻝ ﻡﻬﺌﺍﺭﻗ ﻲﻓ . ﺒﻘﻨ ﺎﻨﻠﻌﺠ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺙﻝﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﺏﺒﺴﻝﺍ ﺎﻤﺃ ل ﹸﻨﻭﻜ ،ﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺫﻭﺤﺘﺴﺍ ﺩﻗ ﻪ ﺭﺎﻤﻌﺘﺴﺍ ﺏﻴﻝﺎﺴﺄﺒ ﺔﻴﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﺕﺒﺭﻭﺤ ،ﺔﺠﺭﺤ ﺔﻠﺤﺭﻤ ﻲﻓ ﻥﻴﻴﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺏﻭﻠﻗ ﺔﻴ ﻲﺒﺭﻋ ﹴﺭﻌﺸﺒ ﺕﻠﺒﻭﻘﻓ ،ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻤ ﻴﺼﻓ ﹴﺢ ﹴﻥﻭﺯﻭﻤ ﱠﻔﻘﻤﻭ ﺯﻫ ،ﻰ ﻴﻏﻭ ﺭﻋﺎﺸﻤﻝﺍ ﺴﺃﻭ ﺭﻜﻔﻝﺍ ﺭ ﺱ ﺫﺇ ،ﻰﻤﻅﻋ ﺓﺭﻭﺜﻝ ﺩﺤﺘ ﺭﺒﻜﺃ لﹼﻜﺸ ﺏﺭﺤ ﻥﻤ ﺏﻌﺼﺃ ﺱﻴﻠﻓ ،ﻲﺴﻨﺭﻔﻝﺍ ﺭﻤﻌﺘﺴﻤﻠﻝ ﻻ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺭﻜﻔﻝﺍ ﺦﻀﺭﺘ ﻴﻷ ﺔ ﻪﺠﻫﺎﻨﻤﺒ ﺩﻘﻨﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻝ ﺱﺴﺃ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﻔﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻴﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺀﻭﻀ ﻲﻓ ﺱﺭﺩﻴ ﻥﺃ ﺭﻴﺩﺠﻓ ،ﺓﻭﻗ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﻨﺘﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﺕﺭﺼﺘﻗﺎﻓ ،ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻤﻝﺍ ﺯﺍﺭﺒﺇ ﻹﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺭﻴﻭﺼﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻭﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﺭﺼﺎﻨﻌﻝﺍ ﻑﺩﻬﺒ ،ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻘﻴ ﻥﻤ ﻪﺘﻘﹼﻘﺤ ﺎﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻑﻭﻗﻭﻝﺍ ﻊﻗﺍﻭﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻴﻐﺘ ﻲﻓ ﺭﻴﺒﻜ لﻜﺸﺒ ﺕﻤﻫﺎﺴ ﺔﻴﺭﻌﺸ ﺕﻻﻻﺩ . ﺽﺭﻐﻝﺍ ،ﺔﻴﻝﺎﻤﺠ ﻡﻴﻗ ﺀﺎﺸﻨﺇ لﻭﺎﺤﺘ ،ﺕﺎﻴﻭﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻠﻤﺠ ﻊﻤﺘﺠﺘ ﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻲﻔﻓ ﺎﻬﻨﻤ ﻊﻤ ﻰﺸﺎﻤﺘﻴ ،ﻰﻔﻘﻤﻭ ﻥﻭﺯﻭﻤ ﻡﻼﻜ ﻡﺎﻤﺃ ﻪﺴﻔﻨ ﺩﺠﻴ ﻥﻴﺤ ﺉﺭﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﻉﺎﺘﻤﺇ ﻪﺜﻭﺭﻭﻤ ﻲﻓ ﻪﻔﻝﺃ ﺎﻤ ﻕﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﻥﻜﻤﺘﻴ ،ﻲﺘﻭﺼﻭ ﻲﻝﻻﺩ ﻕﺴﻨ ﻕﻓﻭ ﻪﻓﻭﺭﺤ ﺱﺴﺄﺘﺘﻓ ،ﺱﺩﻘﻤﻝﺍ ﺩﺭﺍﻭﻝﺍ ﺢﻠﻁﺼﻤ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﻕﻠﻁﻨ ﻥﺃ ﻊﻴﻁﺘﺴﻨ ،ﻲﻨﻓ ﺱﺎﺴﺤﺈﺒ ﺓﺩﻴﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﺤﺸ ﻥﻤ ،ﻪﻴﻓ " ﺔﻴﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ." لﻭﻗ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﻋﺎﺸﻝﺍ ﺹﺭﺤ ﻥﺇ ﻤ ،ﺩﻗﺎﻨﻝﺍ ﻪﻴﺠﺘﺭﻴ ﺎﻤ ﻕﻓﻭ ﻪﺘﺩﻴﺼﻗ ﻥﻤ ﻯﻭﺘﺴﻤ لﻜ ﻥ ﻝﺍ ﺇ ﺎﻗﺭﺨ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﻡﺴﻭﺘﻴ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻭﺘﺴﻤ ﺩﻗﺎﻨﻝﺍ ﺭﻬﺒﺘ ،ﺓﺩﻴﺩﺠ ﺕﺎﻘﻨﺎﻌﺘ ﺢﺘﻔﻝ ﺍﺭﺸﺅﻤ ﻥﻭﻜﻴ ،ﺎﻤ ﺎﻴﻋﺍﺩﺒ ﺍﻭ ،ﺀﺍﻭﺴﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻲﻘﻠﺘﻤﻝ ﻹﺍ ﻥﻴﻨﺍﻭﻘﻝﺎﻓ ﺔﻴﻨﻔﻝﺍ ﻪﺘﺭﺎﻬﻤﻭ ﺭﻋﺎﺸﻝﺍ ﺔﻋﺍﺭﺒﻭ ﺔﻴﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻊﻨﺼﺘ ﺔﻴﻋﺍﺩﺒ ﹸﺘﻤ ﱢﻜﹶﻨ ﻨﺎ ﻪ ﺍ ﻑﻁﺍﻭﻋ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﺵﻌﺘﻨﺘ ﺔﻴﻝﺎﻤﺠ ﺔﺤﺴﻓ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻥﻴﻨﺍﻭﻘﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺭﻴﻴﺼﺘ ﻥﻤ ﻝ ﻪﺒﺭﺎﺠﺘﻭ ﺭﻋﺎﺸ . ﺔﻠﺠﻤ ﻲﻓ ﻱﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺭﻋﺎﺸﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﺩﺠﻨﻭ " ﺏﺎﻬﺸﻝﺍ " ﻲﻓﺎﻘﺜﻝﺍ ﻪﻨﻴﻭﻜﺘ ﺏﻨﺎﺠ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻲﻨﻴﺩﻝﺍﻭ -ﱠﻜﺸ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻪﺌﺭﺎﻗ ﻑﻭﺭﻅ ﻰﻋﺍﺭ ﺩﻗ ﻩﺫﻫ لﻜﻝ ﺓﺩﺎﻀﻤ ﺔﻬﺒﺠﻜ ،ﻲﺴﻨﺭﻔﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻤﻌﺘﺴﻻﺍ ﺎﻬﻠ ﻪﺘﺌﻴﺒ ﻥﺒﺍ ﺭﻋﺎﺸﻝﺎﻓ ،ﻡﻴﻘﻝﺍ ﻲﻋﻭﻀﻭﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﻲﻨﻔﻝﺍ ﺩﻌﺒﻠﻝ ﺎﻬﻘﻴﻘﺤﺘ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻬﺘﺎﻴﻝﺎﻤﺠ ﺏﺴﺘﻜﺘ ﺓﺩﻴﺼﻘﻝﺍﻭ ﻤ ﻕﻓﻭ ،ﺎﻬﻌﻤﺘﺠﻤﻝ ﺇ ،ﻪﺒﺎﻌﻴﺘﺴﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻊﻤﺘﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻥﻜﻤﺘﻴ ﺎ ﺎﻗﺎﻘﺤ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﻝﺎﺴﺭﻝﺍ لﻴﺼﻭﺘ ﺩﻌﺒﻝ ﺉﺭﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﱢﻜﺸﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻭ ﻝﺍ ل ﺔﻴﺭﻌﺸ . ﻯﺩﻤﻭ ﺔﻠﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺔﻴﻫﺎﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺙﺤﺒﺘ ﺓﺩﻴﺩﻋ ﺔﻠﺌﺴﺃ ﺭﻴﺜﻴﻝ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺀﺎﺠ ﻡﺜ ﻥﻤﻭ ﺍﻭ ﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺭﺸﻨ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﻤﺎﻬﺴﺇ ﻻ ﻡﺎﻤﺘﻫ ،ﻪﺒ ﺕﻼﻤﺤ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻴﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺎﻤﺤ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻫﺭﻭﺩ ﻥﻋﻭ

ج ،ﻲﺴﻨﺭﻔﻝﺍ ﺭﻤﻌﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﻤﻭ ؟ﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺔﻌﻴﺒﻁ ﺎﻤ ﻡﺜ ﺎﻫﺩﻤﺘﻋﺍ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺏﻴﻝﺎﺴﻷﺍﻭ ﺕﺎﻴﻠﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﻲﻫ ﺍ ﻕﻴﻘﺤﺘ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺕﺩﺃﻭ ؟ﺉﺭﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺭﺜﻷ ﹶﻕﻴﻘﺤﺘ ﺏﻴﻜﺍﺭﺘﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺕﻋﺎﻁﺘﺴﺍ ﻑﻴﻜﻭ ﺕﻻﻻﺩﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻋ ﻹﺍﻭ ﻱﺭﻴﻭﺼﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﻱﻭﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﻯﻭﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻠ ؟ﻲﻋﺎﻘﻴ . ﻨﺎﻤﺯﻝﺍ ﻑﻭﺭﻅﻝﺍ لﻌﻝﻭ ﻥﻴﻴﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺀﺍﺭﻌﺸﻠﻝ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﻜﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴ ﻡﻅﻌﻤ ﺕﻌﺒﻁ ﺔﻤﺴ ﺕﻨﺎﻜ ﺍ ،ﻥﻴﻴﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺩﺎﻘﻨﻠﻝ ﺔﻘﺒﺎﺴﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻝ ﻲﺘ ﺔﻤﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﻑﻭﺭﻅﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺯﺍﺭﺒﺈﺒ ﺕﻤﺘﻫﺍ ﺃ ﺎﻨﺜ ﺀ ﻡﻬﺘﺠﻝﺎﻌﻤ ﻝ ﺕﺎﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻥﻤﻭ ،ﺔﻴﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺹﻭﺼﻨﻠ ﺏﺎﺘﻜ ﺭﻜﺫﻨ " ﻲﻓﺭﺨ ﺢﻝﺎﺼ " ﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻱﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺤﻝﺍ ﺩ ﺎﺘﻜﻭ ،ﺙﻴ ﺒ ﻲ " ﻲﺒﻴﻜﺭﻝﺍ ﷲﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ :" ﻱﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺕﺎﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﺙﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﻱﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﻲﻨﻴﺩﻝﺍ ﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍﻭ ،ﺙﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺫ ﻲﻓ ﺏﺘﻜﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻫﺭﻴﻏﻭ ، ﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﺒﺘﻜﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺭﺜﺃ ﻲﺘﻝﺍﻭ ،ﺹﺎﺼﺘﺨﻻﺍ ﺭﺎﻌﺸﻷﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻊﻤﺠﺒ ﺔﻴﺭﺌﺍﺯ ﻥﻤ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩ ،ﺎﻬﺘﺴﺍﺭﺩﻭ ﻥﻭﻤﻀﻤﻝﺍ ﺙﻴﺤ – ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﻤﻅﻌﻤ ﺏﺎﺘﻜ ﺩﻌﻴﻭ " ﺩﻤﺤﻤ ﺭﺼﺎﻨ " ﻱﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﻔﻝﺍ ﻪﺼﺌﺎﺼﺨﻭ ﻪﺘﺎﻫﺎﺠﺘﺍ ،ﺙﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ 1925 -1975 ﺕﻝﻭﺎﻨﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻥﻤ ، ﺎﻤﻬﻤ ﺍﺯﻜﺘﺭﻤ ﺕﻠﺜﻤ ﻲﺘﻝﺍﻭ ،ﻱﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺭﻌﺸﻠﻝ ﻲﻨﻔﻝﺍ ﺏﻨﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﺏﻨﺎﺠ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺙﺤﺒﻠﻝ ﺕﺎﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﻰﺤﻨﻤ ﺫﺨﺘﺍ ﺎﻨﻋﻭﻀﻭﻤ ﻥﺃ ﻻﺇ ،ﻯﺭﺨﺃ ﺁ لﻐﻠﻐﺘ ،ﺭﺨ ﻹﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺭﻴﻭﺼﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻭﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﻪﺘﻴﻨﺒ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻘﻴ ﺎﺜﺤﺒ ﻪﻴﻓ ﺔﻴﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺭﺼﺎﻨﻋ ﻥﻋ ، ﺩﻤ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻤﻬﻤ ﺔﻨﻭ ﱠﺜﻤﺘ ﺕﻠ ﻱﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻠﺠﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺭﻭﺸﻨﻤﻝﺍ " ﺏﺎﻬﺸﻝﺍ "؛ ـﺒ ﻩﺎﻨﻭﻨﻋ ﺫﺇ : ﻘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﻌﺸ ﺔﻠﺠﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺩﻴﺼ " ﺏﺎﻬﺸﻝﺍ " ﺔﻴﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ . ﺸﻝﺎﻓ ﺭﻌ ﻱﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ -ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﺩﻴﻗ -ﻋ ﻥﺎﻜ ﺼ ﺒ ﺎﻨﻠﻌﺠ ﺎﻤﻤ ،ﺔﻴﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻭﺜﻠﻝ ﺎﻴﻭﻗ ﺎ ﺔﻌﺒﺭﺃﻭ ﺍﺩﻴﻬﻤﺘﻭ ﺔﻤﺩﻘﻤ ﺕﻠﻤﺸ ﺔﻁﺨ ﻥﻤﻀ ،ﻪﻴﻓ ﺔﻴﺭﻌﺸﻠﻝ ﺔﺴﺴﺅﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﻔﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﻘﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺙﺤﺒﻨ ﺔﻤﺘﺎﺨﻭ لﻭﺼﻓ ﻕﺤﻠﻤﻭ ، ﺔﺒﺎﺘﻜﺒ ﺕﻤﻗ ﺩﻗﻭ ﻕﺤﻠﻤ لﺼﻔﻨﻤ ﺍ ﻥﻤﻀﺘ ﺭﻭﺸﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻱﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺭﻌﺸﻝ ﺔﻠﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻲﻓ . ﺩﻴﻬﻤﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺼﺼﺨ ﺩﻗﻭ " ﺍ ﺔﻠﺠﻤﻝ ﺏﺎﻬﺸﻝ " ﻹﺍ ﺔﻜﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﺙﻌﺒ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻫﺭﻭﺩﻭ ﺔﻴﺤﻼﺼ ﺔﻴﺒﺩﻷﺍ ﺔﻜﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﺙﻌﺒ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻫﺭﻭﺩ ﻪﻴﻓ ﺎﻨﻴﺒ ،ﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻓﺎﻘﺜﻝﺍﻭ -ﻝﺍ ﺔﺼﺎﺨ ﺎﻬﻨﻤ ﺔﻴﺭﻌﺸ -ﺇ ﻪﻴﻓ ﺎﻨﺭﺸﺃ ﺎﻤﻜ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻕﺭﻔﻝﺍ ﻥﻭﻜ ﻰﻝ " ﺏﺎﻬﺸﻝﺍ " ﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻑﻼﺘﺨﺍ ﻭﻫ ،ﺔﻠﺠﻤﻭ ﺓﺩﻴﺭﺠ ﻝ ﺔﻴﻤﺴﺘ ، ﺩﻘﻓ ﺏﺎﺒﺴﻷ ﺔﻠﺠﻤ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺕﻝﻭﺤﺘ ﺫﺇ ،ﻁﻘﻓ ﺔﻴﺩﺎﻤ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﻅﻓﺎﺤ ﺎﻬﺒﺤﺎﺼ ﺎﻴﺎﻀﻘﻝﺍ ﻩﺎﺠﺘ ﺎﻬﺘﺴﺎﻴﺴ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻤﻝﺍ .

د ﺔﻴﻤﻫﻷﻭ ﻪﻨﻤ ﻑﺩﻬﻝﺍﻭ ﺎﻫﺭﻴﻐﺘ ﻥﻁﺍﻭﻤﻭ ﺎﻬﺘﺍﺭﺎﻌﺸ ﺎﻨﻌﺒﺘﺘ ﺔﻠﺠﻤﻝﺍ لﻭﺩﺠ ﺩﺍﺭﻴﺇ ﻊﻤ ، ﻲﻠﻴﺼﻔﺘ " ﺏﺎﻬﺸﻠﻝ " ﺓﺩﻴﺭﺠ ﱠﺜﻭ ﺔﻠﺠﻤﻭ ﺎﻨﻘ ﻴﻓ ﺭﻭﺸﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻱﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻪﻴﻓ ،ﺎﻬ ﺩﻴﻬﻤﺘﻝﺍ ﺎﻨﻤﺘﺨﻭ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﺏﺎﻁﺨﻝﺍ ﺔﻐﻝ ﻥﻋ ﺙﻴﺩﺤﻝﺎﺒ . لﻭﻷﺍ لﺼﻔﻝﺍ ﺎﻨﺼﺼﺨﻭ ﺔﻴﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤ ﻥﻋ ﺙﻴﺩﺤﻠﻝ " ﺎﻤﻴﺩﻗ ،ﺏﺭﻌﻝﺍﻭ ﺏﺭﻐﻝﺍ ﺩﻨﻋ ﺎﺜﻴﺩﺤﻭ ﺇ لﺼﻭ ﺎﻤ ﻡﻫﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻪﻴﻓ ﺎﻨﻔﻗﻭ ﺙﻴﺤ ، ﻝﺍ ﻪﻴﻝ ﻹﺍ ﺭﺼﺎﻨﻋ ﺕﻝﻭﺎﻨﺘ ﺕﺍﺩﻴﺩﺤﺘ ﻥﻤ ﺩﺎﻘﻨ ﻉﺍﺩﺒ ﻴﺫ ﺎﻤﻜ ،ﻡﻬﻨﻴﺒ ﺔﺘﻭﺎﻔﺘﻤ ﺕﺎﻓﻼﺘﺨﺎﺒ ﻱﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺀﺍﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺽﻌﺒ ﺩﻨﻋ ﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤﺒ ﻩﺎﻨﻠ ﻥﻴﻴﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ . لﺼﻔﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻨﺠﻝﺎﻋ ﺩﻗﻭ ﻲﻨﺎﺜﻝﺍ " ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﻌﺸ " ﺀﺍﺭﻌﺸﻠﻝ ﻱﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻡﺠﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺀﺩﺒ ، ﻥﻴﻴﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ -ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﺩﻴﻗ ﻊﻤ ،ﻲﺴﺎﻴﺴﻭ ﻲﻋﺎﻤﺘﺠﺍﻭ ﻲﻓﺎﻘﺜﻭ ﻲﻨﻴﺩ ﻡﺠﻌﻤ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻡﺴﻘﻨﺍ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺝﺫﻭﻤﻨ ﻡﻴﺩﻘﺘ ﻡﺠﻌﻤ لﻜﻝ ﻱﺭﻌﺸ ، ﻲﻤﺘﻨﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻡﺠﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤﻀ ﺔﻴﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻪﺘﻻﻻﺩ ﺩﺼﺭﺘ ﺽﺭﻐﺒ ﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﻱﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺏﻴﻜﺭﺘﻝﺍ ﻩﻼﺘ ،ﻪﻴﻝﺇ ﺴﻷ ﻠ ﻱﺭﺒﺨﻝﺍ ﺏﻭ ﻲﺌﺎﺸﻨﻹﺍﻭ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻑﺩﺎﻬﻝﺍ ﻑﺸﻜ ﺭﺼﺎﻨﻋ ﻪﺘﻝﻻﺩﻭ ﻱﻭﺤﻨﻝﺍ ﺏﻴﻜﺭﺘﻝﺍ ﺭﺼﻨﻋ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺎﻨﻠﻘﺘﻨﺍ ﻡﺜ ،ﺏﻴﻝﺎﺴﻷﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻑﻴﻅﻭﺘ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻴﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻴﻨﺒ ﻲﻓ ﺏﻴﻜﺭﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻝﻻﺩ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻴﺍﺩﺒ ،ﺔﻴﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻩﻼﺘ ،ﺔﻴﻠﻌﻔﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻤﺴﻻﺍ ﺔﻠﻤﺠﻝﺍ ﺔ ﺍ ﻝ ﺍﻭ ﻡﻴﺩﻘﺘ ﻝ ﺭﻴﺨﺄﺘ ،ﻑﺫﺤﻝﺍﻭ ﺒ ﺔﻴﻐ ﻯﺩﻤ ﻥﻋ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﺘ ﺤ ﺭﺒﻋ ﺔﻴﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻕﻴﻘ ﺔﻴﻭﺤﻨﻝﺍ ﻎﻴﺼﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ . ﺙﻝﺎﺜﻝﺍ لﺼﻔﻝﺍ ﺎﻤﺃ ـﺒ ﻩﺎﻨﻭﻨﻌﻓ " ﺓﺭﻭﺼﻝﺍ ﺔﻌﻴﺭﺸ " ﺭﻁﺘ ﺫﺇ ؛ ﻡﺜ ﺎﻬﻤﻭﻬﻔﻤ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺎﻨﻗ ﺔﻠﺠﻤ ﻲﻓ ﻥﻴﻴﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺀﺍﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺩﻨﻋ ﺔﻴﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻭﺼﻝﺍ ﺭﺩﺎﺼﻤ " ﺏﺎﻬﺸﻝﺍ "، ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﻤﺴﻘﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻯﺭﺨﺃﻭ ،ﻑﻴﺭﺸﻝﺍ ﻱﻭﺒﻨﻝﺍ ﺙﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍﻭ ﻡﻴﺭﻜﻝﺍ ﻥﺁﺭﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺓﺩﻤﺘﺴﻤ ﺭﻭﺼ ﻝ ﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺭﻌﺸ ﻲ ﻡﻴﺩﻘﻝﺍ ، ﺃ لﻜﺸﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﻌﺸﺒ ﺎﻫﺎﻨﻌﺒﺘ ﻡﻫﺩﻨﻋ ﻱﺭﻴﻭﺼﺘﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﺼﻝﺍ ﻲﻫ ،ﺭﺼﺎﻨﻋ ﺔﻌﺒﺭﺃ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻴﻬﻴﺒﺸﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﺎﻌﺘﺴﻻﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺌﺎﻨﻜﻝﺍﻭ ﻡﻫﺭﺎﻌﺸﺃ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﺯﻤﺭﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﺼﻝﺍ لﻜﺸﺘ ﻡﺜ ،ﺔﻴﺯﺎﺠﻤﻝﺍﻭ . ﻪﻴﻓ ﺎﻨﻝﻭﺎﻨﺘ ﺩﻘﻓ ،ﻊﺒﺍﺭﻝﺍ لﺼﻔﻝﺍ ﺎﻤﺃ " ﺔﻴﺭﻌﺸ ﻉﺎﻘﻴﻹﺍ " ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤ ﻡﻴﺩﻘﺘ ﺩﻌﺒﻓ ، ﻉﺎﻘﻴﻺﻝ ﺭﺼﻨﻋ ﻥﻤﻀﻭ ﻉﺎﻘﻴﻹﺍ ﺎﻨﺴﺭﺩ ،ﻲﺠﺭﺎﺨﻝﺍ ﻋﻭﻀﻭﻤﺒ ﺎﻬﺘﻗﻼﻋﻭ ﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﺤﺒ ﺩﺌﺎﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎ ﻥﻤ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩ لﻼﺨ ﺔﻴﺌﺎﺼﺤﺇ ﺙﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﺹﻴﺼﺨﺘ ﻊﻤ ،ﺎﻬﻴﻭﺭﻭ ﺎﻫﺭﺤﺒ ﻉﻭﻨﻭ ﺩﺌﺎﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﺒﺃ ﺩﺩﻌﻝ ﺔﻴﺭﻌﺸ ﻥﻋ ﺔﻴﻓﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﺎﻨﻝﻭﺎﻨﺘ ﺔﻴﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺘﻝﻻﺩﻭ ﺔﻴﻓﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﺭﺼﻨﻋ ﻲﻓﻭ ،ﻱﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﺩﻌﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺩﺌﺎﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﻴﺭﺼﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻠﺨﺍﺩﻝﺍ ﻊ ﺭﺴﻜﻭ لﺼﺍﻭﻔﻝﺍ ﻡﺎﻅﻨﻭ ﻁﻤﻨﻝﺍ . ﻲﻓ ﺎﻤﺃ ﺭﺼﻨﻋ ﻉﺎﻘﻴﻹﺍ ﺎﺠﺘﻝﺍ ﺎﻨﺴﺭﺩﻓ ،ﻲﻠﺨﺍﺩﻝﺍ ﺏﻭ ﺭﺍﺭﻜﺘﻝﺍ ﻉﺎﻘﻴﺇﻭ ،ﻪﺘﻴﺭﻌﺸﻭ ﻲﺘﻭﺼﻝﺍ ﺔﻝﻻﺩﻭ ﺔﻴﺍﺩﺒﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻤﻠﻜ ﺭﺍﺭﻜﺘﻭ ،لﻼﻬﺘﺴﻻﺍ ﺱﺎﻨﺠﻭ ﺇ ﻱﺯﺍﻭﺘﻝﺍ ﻉﺎﻘﻴ .

 ﻝﺇ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ لﺼﻭﺘﻭ ﻰ ﺔﻤﺘﺎﺨﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺘﻌﺴﻭ ﺞﺌﺎﺘﻨﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻠﻤﺠ ، ﻕﺤﻠﻤ ﺎﻫﻼﺘ ﻥﻤﻀﺘ ﺔﻤﺠﺭﺘ ،ﺔﻠﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻲﻓ ﺍﻭﺭﺸﻨ ﻥﻴﺫﻝﺍ ﺀﺍﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺓﺎﻴﺤﻝ ﺎﻤﻜ ﺎﻨﻌﻔﺸﺃ ﻩ لﺼﻔﻨﻤ ﻕﺤﻠﻤﺒ ﻪﻴﻓ ﺎﻨﻌﻤﺠ ﺭﺎﻌﺸﻷﺍ ﺍﻝ ﻲﻓ ﺕﺭﺸﻨ ﻲﺘ ﺔﻠﺠﻤ " ﺏﺎﻬﺸﻝﺍ " ﻥﻤ 1925 ﻰﻝﺇ 1939 ﺦﻴﺭﺎﺘﺒ ﺔﻘﻠﻌﺘﻤ ﺕﺎﻨﺎﻴﺒ ﻡﻴﺩﻘﺘ ﻊﻤ ، ﺎﻫﺭﺸﻨ ﺭﻴﺴﻴﺘ ، ﺍ ﹰﺔﺒﻏﺭ ،ﺍﺩﻠﺠﻤ ﺓﺭﺸﻋ ﺔﺴﻤﺨ ﻥﻤ ﻪﻌﻤﺠ ﺔﻘﺸﻤ ﻥﻴﺜﺤﺎﺒﻠﻝ ﱠﻨﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺎ ﺕﺎﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﻡﻴﺩﻘﺘ ،ﻪﻝﻭﺤ ﻯﺭﺨﺃ ْﹶﻜﺘ ﻤﹶﻠ ﹰﺔ ﻪﻴﻝﺇ لﺼﻭﺘ ﺎﻤﻝ ﺒﻝﺍ ﺤ ،ﺙ ﺽﺭﻐﺒ ﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻥﻴﻴﺒﺘ ﺙﻴﺩﺤﻝﺍ ﻱﺭ ﺩﻗ ﺭﺼﺎﻨﻋ ﻰﻠﻋ لﻤﺘﺸﺍ ﻉﺍﺩﺒﻹﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ لﻜﺸﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ . ﺨﻴ ﺎﻤﻴﻓ ﺎﻤﺃﻭ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﻊﺒﺘﺍ ﺩﻘﻓ ،ﺞﻬﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺹ ﻲﻨﻔﻝﺍ ﺞﻬﻨﻤﻝﺍ لﻴﻠﺤﺘﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻡﺌﺎﻘﻝﺍ ،ﻲﻝﺎﻤﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺏﻴﻜﺍﺭﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﺎﻤﺠ ﻥﻋ ﻑﺸﻜﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻐﺒ ،ﺏﻴﻜﺭﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺍﺩﻴﻔﻤ ، ﺞﻬﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻲﺒﻭﻠﺴﻷﺍ ﺎﺤﺘﻔﻨﻤ ، ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﻤ ﺢﻤﺴﻴ ﺒ ،ﻲﻠﻴﻭﺄﺘﻝﺍ ﺞﻬﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻪ ﻭ ﻙﻝﺫ ﻪﺼﺭﺤﻝ ﺎﻬﻋﺩﺒﺃ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻋﻭﻀﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﻫﺃ ﻡﻴﺩﻘﺘ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺀﺍﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺀﻻﺅﻫ -ﻠﻤﻋ ﺭﺜﺇ ﺎﻔﻗﻭﺘﻤ ،ﺔﻴﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻡﻬﺠﺫﺎﻤﻨ لﻴﻠﺤﺘ ﺔﻴ ﺔﻴﺩﺼﻘﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﻻﻻﺩﻝﺍ ﻡﻫﺃ ﺩﻨﻋ ﻡﻬﻝ . ﻓﺃ ﺎﻬﺘﻴﺭﻌﺸ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻑﻭﻗﻭﻝﺍﻭ ﺭﺎﻌﺸﻷﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ لﻴﻠﺤﺘﻝﻭ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩﻝﺍ ﺕﺩﺎ ﺏﺘﻜ ﺏﻨﺎﺠ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺓﺩﻴﺩﻋ -ﺏﺎﺘﻜ ﻥﻤ : ﻝ ﻱﺭﺩﻴﺤﻝﺍ ﺩﻨﻠﺒ ﺭﻌﺸ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﺒﻭﻠﺴﻷﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻭﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ـ " ﺭﺒﺎﺠ ﻡﻴﻫﺍﺭﺒﺇ ﻲﻠﻋ " ﺏﺎﺘﻜﻭ ، : ﻝ ﺩﺭﺒ ﻥﺒ ﺭﺎﺸﺒ ﺭﻌﺸ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﺒﻭﻠﺴﺃ ﺓﺀﺍﺭﻗ ،ﺔﻴﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺢﻴﺘﺎﻔﻤﻝﺍ ـ ِ " ﺭﺎﻜﺩﺎﻴ ﻑﻴﻁﻝ ﻱﺭﻭﺯﺭﻬﺸﻝﺍ " ﻥﻋ ﻑﺸﻜﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺍﺩﻋﺎﺴ ﺎﻤﻜ ،ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﺭﺼﺎﻨﻋ ﻡﻫﻷ ﺍﺩﻨﺴ ﺎﻨﺎﻜ ﻥﻴﺫﻝﺍ ، ﺔﻝﻭﺎﻨﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺝﺫﺎﻤﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﻌﺸ . ﺭﻭﺸﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻱﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻊﻤﺠ ،ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﺕﻬﺠﺍﻭ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺒﻭﻌﺼﻝﺍ ﻥﻤﻭ ﺔﻠﺠﻤ ﻲﻓ " ﺏﺎﻬﺸﻝﺍ " ﻪﺘﺴﺭﻬﻓﻭ ؛ ﺔﻠﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﺀﺍﺯﺠﺃﻭ ﺩﺍﺩﻋﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻉﺯﻭﻤ ﻪﻨﺃ ﻙﻝﺫ ﺎﻬﺘﺍﺩﻠﺠﻤ ﻊﻴﻤﺠﺒ ، ﺔﺒﻭﻌﺼ ﻡﺜ ﺩﺎﻔﺘ ﺕﻝﻭﺎﺤ ﺩﻗﻭ ،ﺔﻴﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺭﺼﺎﻨﻋ ﻊﻤ ﻡﺀﻼﺘﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺝﺫﺎﻤﻨﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﺨﺘ ﻱ -ﻉﺎﻁﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﺩﻗ -ﺒ ﺱﻭﺭﺩﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺔﺼﺎﺨ ﺕﺍﺀﺍﺭﻗﻭ ﺝﺫﺎﻤﻨ ﻡﻴﺩﻘﺘ ﺔﻴﻐ ﺽﻌﺒﻝ ﺔﻤﺠﺭﺘ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﺜﻋﺃ ﻡﻝ ﺎﻤﻜ ، ﻰﺘﺤ ﻻﻭ ،ﺀﺍﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻡﻬﺠﺫﺎﻤﻨ ﺩﺍﺭﻴﺇ ﺕﺩﺼﻘﺘ ﺩﻗﻭ ،ﺔﻴﻘﻴﻘﺤﻝﺍ ﻡﻬﺌﺎﻤﺴﺃ ﻡﻫﺭﻌﺸﺒ ﻑﻴﺭﻌﺘﻠﻝ . ﻝ ﺔﻌﻀﺍﻭﺘﻤ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺩ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻡﺩﻗ ﺩﻘ ﺩﻗ ﺎﻤ ﻡﺎﻤﺃ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻝﺎﺴﺭﻝﺍ ﻡﺎﻤﺃﻭ ،ﻥﻭﺜﺤﺎﺒﻝﺍ ﻪﻤ ﻬﺒ ﻊﻠﻁﻀﺍ ﻫ ﺎ ﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺍﺫ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻴﻤﻫﻷﺍ ﺔﻐﻝﺎﺒ ﺔﻠﺤﺭﻤ ﻲﻓ ، ﻩﺫﻬﻝ ﻲﺨﻴﺭﺎﺘﻝﺍ لﻭﺤﱠﺘﻝﺍ ﺡﺍﺭﻤ ﺩﻗ ﻥﻭﻜﻴ ﻥﺃ لﻤﺄﻨﻓ ،ﺔﻤﻷﺍ ﺭﺼﺎﻨﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﻋ ﻑﺸﻜ ﻪﺘﻝﺎﺴﺭ لﻴﺼﻭﺘ ﻲﻓ ﺕﻤﻫﺎﺴ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻝﺎﻤﺠﻝﺍ ﻝ ﺔﻴﻤﺎﺴﻝﺍ ﻪﺒ ﺕﻘﺤﻝﺃ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺒﻠﺴﻝﺍ ﺀﺍﺭﻵﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻀﻌﺒ ﺭﻴﻏﻭ ،ﻪﻴﻘﻠﺘﻤ .

و لﻀﺎﻔﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﺘﻜﺩﻠﻝ ﺎﺼﺎﺨ ﺍﺭﻜﺸ ﻡﺩﻗﺃﻭ " ﻭﺤﺩ ﻲﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ " ﻱﺫﺎﺘﺴﺃ ﻑﺭﺸﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ لﻭﻷﺍ ﹰﺓﺭﻜﻓ ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻬﻝ ﺱﺴﺃ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﹰﻨﺍﻭﻨﻋﻭ ﹰﺔﻴﺎﻨﻋﻭ ﺎ ﺎﻓﻭﺭﻅ ﻥﺃ ﻻﺇ ، -ﺨ ﻪﺒ ﺔﺼﺎ ﻥﻭﺩ ﺕﻝﺎﺤ ﹶﻓ ،ﺔﻴﺎﻬﻨﻝﺍ ﻰﺘﺤ ﻪﻝ ﻪﺘﻌﺒﺎﺘﻤ ﹶﻜﻔ ﹶﻠﻪ ﺭﻴﺩﻘﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﺘﻜﺩﻝﺍ " ﻥﺎﻤﺭﺯ ﺩﻤﺤﻤ " ﻪﻌﺒﺎﺘﻭ ، ﻪﻠﻓ ﻪﻌﻴﺠﺸﺘﻭ ﻪﺒﻴﻭﺼﺘﻭ ﻪﻤﻴﻭﻘﺘ ﻰﻠﻋ ،ﻡﺍﺭﺘﺤﻻﺍﻭ ﺭﻜﺸﻝﺍ لﻴﺯﺠ .

ﻴﻬﻤﺘ

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ﺔﻠﺠﻤ

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ﺏﺎﻬﺸﻝﺍ

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ﺵﺎﻌﻨﺇ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻫﺭﻭﺩﻭ

ﺔﻴﻓﺎﻘﺜﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺤﻼﺼﻹﺍ ﺔﻜﺭﺤﻝﺍ

ﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ

ﻻﻭﺃ : ﺔﻠﺠﻤ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤ " ﺏﺎﻬﺸﻝﺍ " 1 ﺔﻠﺠﻤﻭ ﺱﻴﺩﺎﺒ ﻥﺒﺍ " ﺏﺎﻬﺸﻝﺍ " 2 ﺔﻠﺠﻤﺒ ﻑﻴﺭﻌﺘﻝﺍ " ﺏﺎﻬﺸﻝﺍ " ﺎﻴﻨﺎﺜ : ﺔﻠﻠﺠﻤ ﺭﻭﻁﺘ " ﺏﺎﻬﺸﻝﺍ " ﻰﻝﺇ ﺩﺍﺩﻋﻷﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺀﺍﺯﺠﻷﺍ 1 ﺓﺩﻴﺭﺠ ﺭﺎﻌﺸ " ﺏﺎﻬﺸﻝﺍ " 2 ﺓﺩﻴﺭﺠ ﺩﺍﺩﻋﺃ " ﺏﺎﻬﺸﻝﺍ " 3 ﺔﻠﺠﻤ ﺀﺍﺯﺠﺃ " ﺏﺎﻬﺸﻝﺍ " 4 ﺔﻠﺠﻤ ﺞﻬﻨﻤ "ﺍﻝ ﺏﺎﻬﺸ " 5 ﺔﻠﺠﻤ ﺏﺍﻭﺒﺃ " ﺏﺎﻬﺸﻝﺍ " ﺎﺜﻝﺎﺜ : ﺔﻠﺠﻤ ﻲﻓ ﻱﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ " ﺏﺎﻬﺸﻝﺍ " 1 -ﺍﻝ ﺓﺩﻴﺭﺠ ﻲﻓ ﻱﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺭﻌﺸ " ﺏﺎﻬﺸﻝﺍ " 2 ﺔﻠﺠﻤ ﻲﻓ ﻱﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ " ﺏﺎﻬﺸﻝﺍ "

2 ﻻﻭﺃ ﺔﻠﺠﻤ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤ " ﺏﺎﻬﺸﻝﺍ ": 1 ﺔﻠﺠﻤﻭ ﺱﻴﺩﺎﺒ ﻥﺒﺍ " ﺏﺎﻬﺸﻝﺍ :" ﺔﺒﺨﻨﻝﺍ ﺩﻭﻬﺠ ﺕﻔﺘﺎﻜﺘ ﺝﻭﺭﺨﻝﺍ ﺔﻝﻭﺎﺤﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ،ﺭﻤﻌﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻱﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﻊﻤﺘﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻔﻘﺜﻤﻝﺍ ﱟلﺤﺒ ﻴ ﺕﺎﻤﺯﻷﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻥﻁﻭﻝﺍ ﺝﺭﺨ ، ﻡﺎـﻅﻨﺒ ﺔﻘﻠﻌﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺩﺎﻴﻤﻝﺍ ﻊﻴﻤﺠ ﺕﺴﻤ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻱﺫـﻝﺍ ﻪـﺘﺎﻴﺤ ﺕﺎﻴﻭﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻨﺩﺃ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺭﺩﺤﻨﺍ . ﺔﻴﻋﺍﺩﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﻜﻭ ﻲﻤﻼﺴﻹﺍ " ﺱﻴﺩﺎﺒ ﻥﺒ ﺩﻴﻤﺤﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ " ) 1 ( ﻡـﻫﺃ ﻥـﻤ ﻥﻴﺩـﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﻝﺎـﻌﺘ ﻰـﻝﺇ ﺓﺩﻭـﻌﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻭﺭﻀ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺕﻋﺩ ﺎﻤﻝﺎﻁ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ،ﺔﻴﺤﻼﺼﻹﺍ ﺔﻜﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﻁﻗﺃ ﻲﻤﻼﺴﻹﺍ ﺔـﻴﻭﺒﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﻨﺴﻝﺍﻭ ﻡﻴﺭﻜﻝﺍ ﻥﺁﺭﻘﻝﺍ ﻡﺎﻜﺤﺄﺒ ﻙﺴﻤﺘﻝﺎﻓ ،ﺔﻝﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﻡﺎﻅﻨ ﺔﻠﻜﻴﻫ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺇ لﺠﺃ ﻥﻤ ﻥﻫﺍﺭﻝﺍ ﻊﻀﻭﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻴﻐﺘ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺢﺠﻨﻷﺍ لﻴﺒﺴﻝﺍ ﻭﻫ ﺢﻝﺎﺼﻝﺍ ﻑﻠﺴﻝﺍ لﻤﻋﻭ ﺔﻔﻴﺭﺸﻝﺍ . ﻥﺎﻜ " ﺩﺒﻋ ﻴﺩﺎﺒ ﻥﺒ ﺩﻴﻤﺤﻝﺍ ﺱ " ﻥﻴﺩـﻝﺍ ﺓﺭـﺼﻨﻝ ﻪـﺴﻔﻨ ﺭﺫـﻨ ﻱﺫـﻝﺍ ،ﺝﺫﻭﻤﻨﻝﺍ لﺠﺭﻝﺍ ﻁﻭﻝﺍﻭ ــ ﻥ ، ﺔـﻴﺍﺭ ﺎﻌﻓﺍﺭ ،ﻡﻠﻘﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻤﻠﻜﻝﺎﺒ ﺩﻫﺎﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﻜﻓ ﻡﻼـﺴﻹﺍ ﺎـﻬﺘﺭﻁﻤﺃ ﺀﺎﻤـﺴ ﻲـﻓ ﻁﺨﺴ ﻑﺌﺍﺫﻗ ،ﺎﺴﻨﺭﻓ ﻷﺍ ﺕﻝﺎﺘﻏﺍﻭ ﺱﻭﻔﻨﻝﺍ ﺕﺩﺎﺒﺃ ﻜﻓ ﺎﺭ ﺤﻭ ﻑـﻴﺭﺤﺘ ﺕﻝﻭﺎ ﺕـﻤﻋﺃﻭ ﻥﻴﺩـﻝﺍ ﺒﻝﺍ ﻡـﻠﻅﻝﺍ ﺎـﻬﻴﻓ لﺤﻔﺘﺴﺍ ﺽﺭﺃ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺕﻝﺎﺤﺘﺴﺎﻓ ،ﺓﺭﻴﺼ ﻴﻓ ﺕـﻝﻭﺎﻁﺘﻭ ﻱﺩﺎـﻴﺃ ﺎـﻬ ﹺﺽﺭﻷﺍ ﺩﻌﺒ َلﺎﹶﻁﹶﺘﻝ ،ﻭﺩﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺩﻝﺍ ﹶﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍﻭ . ﹺﺒﻭ ﻑﺩﻬ ﻥﻁﻭﻝﺍﻭ ﺏﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺫﺎﻘﻨﺇ » ﻴ ّلﻅ ﺎﻴﻨﻁﻭ ﺎﻴﺤﻼﺼﺇ ﺎﻋﻭﺭﺸﻤ ﺱﻴﺩﺎﺒ ﻥﺒﺍ ﻊﻀﻭ ﺭﺸﺒ ﺔﻴﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﻪﺘﺍﺭﻀﺎﺤﻤ ﻲﻓ ﻪﺒ ﺎﻀﻴﺃ ﺔﻠﻴﻠﻘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻪﺘﺎﺒﺎﺘﻜ ﻰﺘﺤﻭ ،ﺔﻴﻔﺤﺼﻝﺍ ﻪﺘﻻﺎﻘﻤﻭ « ) 2 ( ﻥﻜﻝ ، ) 1 ( ﺱﻴﺩﺎﺒ ﻥﺒ ﺩﻴﻤﺤﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ : » ﻡﺎﻋ ﺔﻨﻴﻁﻨﺴﻘﺒ ﺩﻭﻝﻭﻤ 1889 ﻡﺎﻋ ﺔﻨﻴﻁﻨﺴﻘﺒ ﻲﻓﻭﺘﻤﻭ 1940 ( ﻉﻭﺭـﺸﻤﻝﺍ ﺏﺤﺎـﺼ ﻭـﻫ ، ﻲﻤﻼﺴﻹﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻪﺒ ﻰﻌﺴﻴ ﻥﺎﻜ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ لﺩﺘﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﺘﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻝﺍ ﻭﻫ ،ﻡﻴﻠﻌﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﻡﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﻕﻴﺭﻁ ﻥﻋ ﻱﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﻡﻠﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻗﺭﺘ ﻤ لﻭﻷﺍ ﻡـﻠﻌ ﺔﻴﺍﺩﺒ ﻲﻓ لﺍﺯﻴ ﻻ ﻭﻫﻭ ﷲﺍ ﻩﺎﻓﻭﺘ ﻥﺃ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻙﻝﺫ ﻥﻋ ﻊﻁﻘﻨﻴ ﻡﻝﻭ ،ﺭﻀﺨﻷﺍ ﻊﻤﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻡﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﻠﻌﺘﻝ ﻪﺘﺎﻴﺤ ﺭﺫﻨ ﺩﻘﻓ ،ﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔـﻴﻌﻤﺠ ﺱﻴـﺌﺭ ﻭﻫﻭ ،لﻗﻷﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻥﻴﺭﺸﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﺭﻘﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ لﻭﻷﺍ ﺭﺴﻔﻤﻝﺍ ﻭﻫﻭ ﺔﻝﻭﻬﻜﻝﺍ ﻥﺴ ﻥﻴﻤﻠـﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﺀﺎـﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺍ ﺭﺸﻨﻭ ،ﻲﻨﻴﺩﻝﺍ ﺡﻼﺼﻹﺎﺒ ﺕﻌﻠﻁﻀﺍ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﻴﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﻝ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺎﺒ ﺱﺭﺩﺘ ﺔﻴﺭﺼﻌﻝﺍ ﻡﻭﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﻊﻴﻤﺠ ﺕﻨﺎﻜ ﺙﻴﺤ ،ﺔﻴﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺎﺒ ﻡﻠﻌ ﺎﻴﻓﺍﺭﻐﺠﻭ ،ﻡﻭﻠﻋﻭ ،ﺕﺎﻴﻀﺎﻴﺭ ﻥﻤ ،ﺔﻨﻴﻁﻨﺴﻘﺒ ﺱﻴﺩﺎﺒ ﻥﺒﺍ ﺩﻬﻌﻤ ﻲﻓﻭ ،ﺎﻬﺴﺭﺍﺩﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ « . ﺽﺎﺘﺭﻤ ﻙﻝﺎﻤﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ : ﻡﺠﻌﻤ ﺭﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻥﻴﻴﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺀﺍﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺩ ،ﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ،ﺔﻤﻭﻫ ﺭﺍﺩ ،ﻥﻴﺭﺸﻌﻝﺍ ﻥ . ،ﻁ 2006 ﺹ ، : 67 . ) 2 ( ﺽﺎﺘﺭﻤ ﻙﻝﺎﻤﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ : ﺹ ،ﻥﻴﺭﺸﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﺭﻘﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻥﻴﻴﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺀﺍﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻡﺠﻌﻤ : 69 .

3 ﺎﻴﻓﺎﻜ ﺩﻌﻴ ﻡﻝ ﺍﺫﻫ -ﻩﺭﻅﻨ ﻲﻓ -ﺃﺩﺒﻤ ﻕﺎﻘﺤﻹ ﺢﻴﺤﺼﺘﻝ ﻰﻌﺴﻴ ،ﻡﺎﺴ ﺓﺩـﻴﻘﻌﻝﺍ ﺍ ﻯﺩـﻝ ﻝ ﺏﻌـﺸ ﺭﺭﻘﻓ ،ﺔﻤﻷﺍ ﺕﺒﺍﻭﺜ ﺔﻴﻭﻘﺘ ﻰﻠﻋ لﻤﻌﻴﻭ ،ﻱﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺀﺎﺸﻨﺇ ﻪﺒ ﺔﺼﺎﺨ ﺔﻌﺒﻁﻤ ) 1 ( ﺎﻤ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﺭﺸﻨﻴ ، ﺔﻠﺠﻤ ﺄﺸﻨﺄﻓ ﻪﺒﻫﺫﻤﻭ ﻩﺭﻜﻓ ﻊﻤ ﻰﺸﺎﻤﺘﻴ " ﺏﺎﻬﺸﻝﺍ " ﺓﺭـﺘﻔﻠﻝ ﺎـﻴﺒﺩﺃﻭ ﺎﻴﺨﻴﺭﺎﺘ ﻼﺠﺴ ﺕﻨﺎﻜ ﻲﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺎﻤ ﺓﺩﺘﻤﻤﻝﺍ ) 1925 -1939 .( ﻲﻨﻌﻴ ﺍﺫﺎﻤﻓ " ﺏﺎﻬﺸﻝﺍ "؟ ﻭ ﺎﻤ ﻭﺭﻅ ﻲﻫ ﻴﻜﻭ ؟ﺔﻠﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻭﺩﺼ ﻑ ﻱﺩـﺼﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﻋﺎﻁﺘـﺴﺍ ﻑ ﺭﻤﻌﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﻼﻤﺤﻝ ؟ ﻭ ﺎﻤ ﺔﻴﺤﻼﺼﻹﺍ ﺔﻜﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﺀﺎﻜﺫﺇ ﻲﻓ ﻱﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺭﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺔﻤﻫﺎﺴﻤ ﻯﺩﻤ ؟. 2 ﺔﻠﺠﻤﺒ ﻑﻴﺭﻌﺘﻝﺍ " ﺏﺎﻬﺸﻝﺍ " ﺔﻴﻤﺴﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺯﻤﺭﻭ : ﻭﻫ ﺏﺎﻬﺸﻝﺍ » ﺔﻌﻁﺎﺴ ﺭﺎﻨ ﺔﻠﻌﺸ « ) 2 ( : ﻥﺇ ﻱﻭﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤﻝﺍ ﺍ ﻩﺫﻬﻝ ﻼﻴﻝ ﺎﻨﻝ ﺭﻭﺼﻴ ،ﺔﻤﻠﻜﻝ ﻕﺒﺎﺴﺘﺘ ،ﺔﻤﻠﻅﻝﺍ ﺩﻴﺩﺸ ؛ﻊﻤﺴﻝﺍ ﻕﺍﺭﺘﺴﻻ ﻥﻴﻁﺎﻴﺸﻝﺍ ﻪﻴﻓ ﺫﺇ » ـﻠﻋ ﺽﻘﻨﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺏﻜﻭﻜﻠﻝ لﺎﻘﻴ ﻰ لﻴﻠﻝﺎﺒ ﻥﺎﻁﻴﺸﻝﺍ ﺭﺜﺃ : ﺏﺎﻬﺸ « ) 3 ( . ﻝﻘ ﻭﻝ ﻪ ﻰﻝﺎﻌﺘ : ﴿ ﹶﻓ َﺄﹾﺘﺒ ﻌ ﻪ ﹶﺸ ﻴ ﹶﻁ ﻥﺎ ﹶﺜ ﻗﺎ ﺏ ﴾ ) 4 ( . ﻯﺩﻝ ﻥﺎﻁﻴﺸﻝﺎﻓ " ﺱﻴﺩﺎﺒ ﻥﺒﺍ " ﻼﻴﺘﺴﻻﺍ ﺕﺩﺍﺭﺃ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ،ﺎﺴﻨﺭﻓ ﻭﻫ ﺔﻴﻤﺴﺘﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺨﺎﻓ ،ﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺀ ﺩـﺼﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﻜ ﺩﺎﺒﺃ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ،لﻴﺨﺩﻝﺍ ﺭﻤﻌﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺀﺎﻀﻘﻝﺍ ﻪﺌﺍﺭﻭ ﻥﻤ ،ﺔﻤﻷﺍ ﺕﺎﻤﻭﻘﻤ ﻪﻨﺇ ﺓﺩﺎـﺠ ﺔﻝﻭﺎﺤﻤ ﻰﻠﻌﻓ ،ﻥﻴﺩﻝﺍ ﺎﻫﺩﻭﺴﻴ ﺔﻝﻭﺩ ﺀﺎﻨﺒ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺇ لﺠﺃ ﻥﻤ » ﻊﺒﺎﻁﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻡﻏﺭﻝﺍ ﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻲﻨﻴﺩﻝﺍ ﻪـﺒ ﺭﻌـﺸ ﺕﻴﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻝﺎﺒﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﺩﻘﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺭﺎﻨﻝﺍ ﻡﺍﺭﻀﺇ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺡﻭﻤﻁﻝﺎﺒ ،ﺕﻗﻭﻝﺍ ﺱﻔﻨ ﻲﻓ ﻲﺤﻭﻴ ﻪﻨﺈﻓ ،ﻥﺍﻭﻨﻌﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ) 1 ( » ﻥﻭﻜﺘ ﻻ ﻰﺘﺤ ،ﻪﻝ ﺎﻜﻠﻤ ﻥﻭﻜﺘ ،ﺔﻌﺒﻁﻤ ﻥﻴﻤﺄﺘ ﺔﻁﺴﺍﻭﺒ ،ﻪﺘﺩﻴﺭﺠﻝ ﺡﺎﺠﻨﻝﺍ ﻁﻭﺭﺸ ﻥﻤ ﻥﻜﻤﻴ ﺎﻤ ﻰﺼﻗﺃ ﺭﻓﻭﻴ ﻥﺃ ﺩﺍﺭﺃ ﺩﻘﻓ ﻲﻓ ﻪﺤﺎﺠﻨﻭ ﻪﻴﻌﺴ ﺎﻨﻫ ﻥﻤﻭ ،ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﺎﺌﺒﻋ ﺓﺩﻴﺭﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﻋﺎﺒﻁ ﺀﺎﺸﻨﺇ ﺍ ﻝ ﺔﻴﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﻌﺒﻁﻤ ﺔﻴﻤﻼﺴﻹﺍ ﻡﺎﻋ ﺔﻨﻴﻁﻨﺴﻘﺒ 1925 ﻲـﺘﻝﺍ ﻬﺸﻠﻝ ﺎﻬﻌﺒﻁ ﺏﻨﺎﺠ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﻋﺎﺒﻁﻝﺍ ﻉﺍﻭﻨﺃ ﻑﻠﺘﺨﻤﺒ ﻡﻭﻘﺘ ﺕﻨﺎﻜ ﺔـﻠﺤﺭﻤ ﻲـﻓ ﺭﺌﺎـﺼﺒﻝﺍﻭ ﺏﺎﻬﺸﻠﻝﻭ ،ﻰﻝﻭﺃ ﺔﻠﺤﺭﻤ ﻲﻓ ﻩﺩﺤﻭ ﺏﺎ ﺔﻘﺤﻻ « . ﻲﻠﻴﻤﻝﺍ ﺩﻤﺤﻤ : ﻝ ﺔﻴﻨﻁﻭﻝﺍ ﺔﻜﺭﺸﻝﺍ ،ﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﺒﻭﺭﻋﻭ ﺱﻴﺩﺎﺒ ﻥﺒﺍ ﻠ ﺭﺸﻨ ﻁ ،ﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ،ﻊﻴﺯﻭﺘﻝﺍﻭ 2 ، 1980 ﺹ ، : 13 . ) 2 ( ﺭﻭﻅﻨﻤ ﻥﺒﺍ : ﻁ ،ﺕﻭﺭﻴﺒ ،ﺭﺩﺎﺼ ﺭﺍﺩ ،ﺏﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﺴﻝ 6 ، 2008 ﻡ ، 8 ﺹ ، : 151 . ) 3 ( ﻥﺎﺒﻴﺸ ﻥﻤﺤﺭﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ : ﺏﺭﻐﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﺩ ،ﺏﺎﻬﺸﻝﺍ ﺔﻠﺠﻤ ﺔﻤﺩﻘﻤ ﻲﻤﻼﺴﻹﺍ ﻁ ، 1 ، 2000 ﺹ ، : 9 . ) 4 ( ﺓﺭﻭﺴ ﺕﺎﻓﺎﺼﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻵﺍ ، 10 .

4 ﺍﺭـﻅﻨ ،ﺩﻋﺎﺼﻝﺍ لﻴﺠﻠﻝ ﻕﻴﺭﻁﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﺎﻨﺇ ﻰﻝﺇﻭ ،لﺒﻘﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓﻭ ﺀﺎﻴﺤﻷﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻡﻜﺤﺘﻴ ﻥﺃ ﺩﻴﺭﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻤﻝ " ﺏﺎﻬﺸﻝﺍ " ﺀﻭﻀﻝﺍﻭ ﺭﺎﻨﻝﺍ ﻲﻨﺎﻌﻤ ﻥﻤ « ) 1 ( . ﻭ " ﺏﺎﻬﺸﻝﺍ " ﺭﻤﻷﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻲﻀﺎﻤﻝﺍ ﺩﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﺭﺴﻜﻝﺎﺒ ﺀﻲـﻀﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﺠﻨـﻝﺍ ﻭﺃ ﻰـﻤﺤ ﷲﺍ ﻥﻷ ، ﱡﺸﻝﺎﺒ ﺀﺎﻤﺴ ﺏﻬ ﺩﺭﺎﻤ ﻥﺎﻁﻴﺸ لﻜ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻴﻨﺩﻝﺍ . ﺏﻌﻜ لﺎﻗ : ) 2 ( ِﺇ ﻥ ﺭﻝﺍ ــﺴ َلﻭـ ﺸ ــﻬ ﺏﺎـ ــﹸﺜ ﻡ ﻴﹾﺘ ﺒ ــﻌ ﻪ ﹸﻨ ﺭﻭ ﻤ ﻀ ﺀﻲ ﹶﻝ ﻪ ﹶﻓ ﻀ ٌل ﻋ ﹶﻠ ـﱡﺸﻝﺍ ﻰ ﻬ ﹺﺏ ﺍﺭﺃ ﺩ " ﺱﻴﺩﺎﺒ ﻥﺒﺍ " ﻩﻭﺩـﻋ ﻲـﻓ ﺭﺎﻨﻝﺍ ﻡﺭﻀﻴ ﻥﺃ ﻪﺒﺎﻬﺸﺒ ﻥﺃﻭ ، ﻲـﻨﺒﻝ ﻕـﻴﺭﻁﻝﺍ ﺭـﻴﻨﻴ ﷲﺍ ﺩﹼﻨﺠ ﻥﺃ ﻥﺎﻜﻓ ،ﻪﻨﻁﻭ ﺎﻬﺴﺴﺅﻤ ﺍﻭﺭﺼﺎﻨﻴﻭ ﺭﺎﻤﻌﺘﺴﻻﺍ ﻥﻴﻁﺎﻴﺸ ﻡﺠﺭﻴ ﺎﺴﺒﻗ ﺍﻭﻨﺎﻜ ،ﻥﻴﺤﻠﺼﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ،ﺏﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻯﺩﻝ ﻱﺭﻜﻔﻝﺍ ﻲﻋﻭﻝﺍ ﺭﺸﻨ ﺓﺩﻴﺭﺠ ﻕﻠﻏ ﺩﻌﺒ ﻙﻝﺫﻭ » ﺩـﻘﺘﻨﻤﻝﺍ « ) 3 ( ﻗ ﻥـﻤ ـﺒ ل ﻭ ،ﻲﺴﻨﺭﻔﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻤﻌﺘﺴﻻﺍ ﺎﻬﺒﺤﺎﺼ ﺎﻬﻨﻤ ﺫﺨﺘﻴ ﻥﺃ ﺩﺍﺭﺃ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ – " ﺱﻴﺩﺎـﺒ ﻥـﺒ ﺩـﻴﻤﺤﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ " » ﻪﻴﺠﻭﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺏﻴﺫﻬﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﻡﻴﻠﻌﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺏﻴﺫﻬﺘﻠﻝ ﺔﺴﺭﺩﻤ « ) 4 ( ﺔـﻤﻭﺎﻘﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺕﻠﻤﻋ ﻲﺘﻝﺍﻭ ، » ﺭﺎـﻜﻓﺃ ﺔﻤﺃ ﻡﻬﻨﺄﺒ ﻥﻴﻤﻠﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﻴﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻜﺫﻤ ،ﺏﻴﺭﻐﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﺴﻨﺭﻔﻝﺍ ﺎـﻬﻨﻴﺩﻭ ﺎـﻬﺘﻐﻝﻭ ﺎـﻬﺘﻴﻤﻭﻗ ﺎﻬﻝ ﺎﻬﺨﻴﺭﺎﺘﻭ « ) 5 ( . ﻰﻝﺇ لﺼﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﻕﻴﺭﻁﻝﺍ ﻲﻫ ﺔﻴﺭﻜﻔﻝﺍ ﺔﻅﻘﻴﻝﺍ ﺕﻨﺎﻜ ﺎﻤﻝﻭ ﺱﺎﺴﺤﻹﺍ ﹺﺒ ﻭ ﻥﺎﻜ ،ﺭﻴﻴﻐﺘﻝﺍ ﺏﻭﺠ ﺩﻨﻋ ﺎﻴﺩﺤﺘ ﺭﻤﻷﺍ " ﺱﻴﺩﺎﺒ ﻥﺒﺍ " لﻭﻘﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ : » ﻑﻗﻭ " ﺩﻘﺘﻨﻤﻝﺍ " ﻩﻭﺨﺃ ﻭﻫ ﺎﻤﻓ " ﺏﺎﻬﺸﻝﺍ " ﻲـﻓ ) 1 ( ﻲﻠﻴﻤﻝﺍ ﺩﻤﺤﻤ : ﺹ ،ﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﺒﻭﺭﻋﻭ ﺱﻴﺩﺎﺒ ﻥﺒﺍ : 12 . ) 2 ( ﺏﺎﻬﺸﻝﺍ : » ﻲﺒﻨﻝﺍ ﺀﺎﻤﺴﺃ ﻥﻤ -ﻡﻠﺴﻭ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﷲﺍ ﻰﻠﺼ -« . ﻲﻨﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﺩﺼﻘﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻨﺩﻠﻝﺍ ﺏﻫﺍﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻱﻭﺎﻗﺭﺯﻝﺍ ﺡﺭﺸ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻔﻴﺭﺸﻝﺍ ﻪﺌﺎﻤﺴﺃ ﺭﻜﺫ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﻨﻤ . ﻥﻋ ﻼﻘﻨ : ﺱﻴﺩﺎﺒ ﻥﺒ ﺩﻴﻤﺤﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ : ﺞﻤ ،ﺏﺎﻬﺸﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﻴﺭﺠ 3 ﺩﺩﻋ 103،30 ﻥﺍﻭـﺠ 1927 ﺭﺍﺩ ، ﻁ ،ﺕﻭﺭﻴﺒ ،ﻲﻤﻼﺴﻹﺍ ﺏﺭﻐﻝﺍ 1 ، 2001 ﺹ ، : 42 . ) 3 ( ﺩﻘﺘﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﻴﺭﺠ : » ﻗ ﺔﻨﻴﺩﻤﺒ ،ﺔﻴﻋﻭﺒﺴﻷﺍ ﺩﻘﺘﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﻴﺭﺠ ﺕﺭﺩﺼ ﺔـﻴﻠﻴﻭﺠ ﻥـﻤ ﻲﻨﺎـﺜﻝﺍ ﻲـﻓ ، ﺔﻨﻴﻁﻨـﺴ 1925 ﺩـﻗﻭ ، ﺎﻬﺴﺴﺃ ﺔﻜﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﻋﺯ ﺎﻫﺭﻴﺭﺤﺘ ﺱﺃﺭﻭ، ﺔﻴﺤﻼﺼﻹﺍ ﺩـﻤﺤﺃ لﺎﻤﺸﻭﺒ ﺩﻴﺴﻠﻝ ﺎﻬﺘﺭﺍﺩﺇ ﺩﻨﺴﺃﻭ ﺱﻴﺩﺎﺒ ﻥﺒﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ « . ﺩـﻤﺤﻤ ﺭﺼﺎﻨ : ﻥﻤ ،ﺔﻴﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﻑﺤﺼﻝﺍ 1847 ﻰﻝﺇ 1954 ﺏﺭﻐﻝﺍ ﺭﺍﺩ ، ﻲﻤﻼﺴﻹﺍ ﻁ ، 3 ، 2007 ﺹ ، : 95 . ) 4 ( ﻥﺎﺒﻴﺸ ﻥﻤﺤﺭﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ : ﺹ ،ﺏﺎﻬﺸﻝﺍ ﺔﻠﺠﻤ ﺔﻤﺩﻘﻤ : 9 . ) 5 ( ﺹ ،ﻪﺴﻔﻨ ﻊﺠﺭﻤﻝﺍ : 10 .

5 ﺓﺍﻭﺎﺴﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺓﻭﺨﻷﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﺀﺎﻤﺴ " ... ﺏﺎﻬﺸ " ـﱠﻓﺃﻭ ﻡﻴـﺠﺭ ﻥﺎﻁﻴﺸ لﻜ ﻪﺒ ﻑﺫﻘﻴ ﺏﻗﺎﺜ ﻙﺎ ﹶﻗﻭ ،ﻕﺭﺎﻤ لﺎﺠﺩﻭ ،ﻡﻴﺜﺃ ﱠﺘ ﺕﺎ ﹶﻨﺎﻋ ﻥﻤ ﻕﺭﺘﺤﻴﻓ ﻕﻓﺎﻨﻤ ﺩ ﻋﺍﻭ ﻯﺩﺘ ﻯﺩﺘﻗﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻡﻠﺴﻴﻭ ، ﻥﻤ ﻪﻨﺍﻭﺨﺈﺒ ﺎﺒﻬﺸﻭ ﺍﺩﻴﺩﺸ ﺎﺴﺭﺤ ﺕﺌﻠﻤ ﺎﻫﻭﺩﺠﻭﻓ ،ﺀﺎﻤﺴﻝﺍ ﺍﻭﺴﻤﻝ ﺎﻤﻝ ﻥﺠﻝﺍ « ) 1 ( . لﺼﺍﻭ ﺔﻤﻴﺯﻋﻭ ﺭﺒﺼﺒ " ﻴﻤﺤﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ ﺱﻴﺩﺎﺒ ﻥﺒ ﺩ " ﻥﻤ ﻡﻏﺭﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ،ﻪﻝﺎﻀﻨ ﺕﺎﺒﻭﻌـﺼﻝﺍ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺎﻫﺭﺎﻌـﺸ ﻥﺎـﻜﻓ ،ﺎـﻬﺒﻜﺭ ﻲﻓ ﺍﻭﺭﺎﺴ ﻥﻴﺫﻝﺍ ﺔﻨﻭﺨﻝﺍ ﻥﻤﻭ ،ﺔﻴﺴﻨﺭﻔﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﺍﺩﻹﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻫﺎﻗﻻ » ﺔﻴﺩﺎﻘﺘﻨﺍ ﺔﻴﺒﻴﺫﻬﺘ ﺔﻴﺴﺎﻴﺴ ﺓﺩﻴﺭﺠ ﺎﻫﺭﺎﻌﺸ " ﺀﻲﺸ لﻜ لﺒﻗ ﻥﻁﻭﻝﺍﻭ ﺩﺤﺃ لﻜ ﻕﻭﻓ ﻕﺤﻝﺍ " « ) 2 ( . ﻝﺍ ﻊﻤ ﺭﺎﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺭﻤﺘﺴﺍﻭ ﻤ ﻥﻤ ﺕﺍﻭﻨﺴ ﻊﺒﺭﺃ ﺔﻠﺠ 1925 ﻰﻝﺇ 1925 ، ﻰـﻝﺇ ﺕـﻝﻭﺤﺘ ﺙﻴﺤ ﺕﻀﺭﻌﺘ ﻥﺃ ﺩﻌﺒ ،ﺱﻤﺎﺨﻝﺍ ﺩﻠﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺀﺍﺩﺘﺒﺍ ﺔﻴﺭﻬﺸ ﺔﻠﺠﻤ ﻰﻝﺇ لﻭـﻘﻴ ،ﺔـﻴﺩﺎﻤ ﺔﻤﺯﺃ " ﺩـﺒﻋ ﺱﻴﺩﺎﺒ ﻥﺒ ﺩﻴﻤﺤﻝﺍ " : » ﺀﺎﻫﺯ ﺏﺎﻬﺸﻝﺍ ﺦﻠﺴ ﻭ ،ﺎﻴﻋﻭﺒﺴﺃ ﺕﺍﻭﻨﺴ ﻊﺒﺭﺃ ﺇ ﻪـﺘﻴﺎﻏ ﻰﻝﺇ لﺼﻴ ﻡﻝ ﺍﺫ ﻡﺎﻗ ﺩﻘﻓ ،ﺏﺠﻴ ﺎﻤﻜ ﺒ ﷲﺍ ﺔﻨﺎﻤﺄ -ﺏﺠﻴ ﺎﻤﻜ ﺎﻬﺌﺎﺒﻋﺄﺒ ﺒﻝﺎﻏ ﺩـﻘﻝﻭ ،ﻉﺎﻁﺘـﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻕﻭـﻓﻭ ، ﻪـﺘ ﻥﺎﻁﻠﺴﻭ ﺓﻭﻗ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻬﻝ ﺎﻤﺒ ﻑﻭﺭﻅﻝﺍ ﺎﻤﺒ ﺎﻬﻤﻭﺎﻗ ﺩﻘﻝﻭ ، ﺭـﻴﻐﺒ ﻪﺘﺒﺭﺎﺤ ﻭﻝﻭ ،ﻥﺎﻤﻴﺇﻭ ﻕﺤ ﻥﻤ ﻪﻝ ﻪﻨﻜﻝﻭ ،ﺍﺭﻭﻓﻭﻤ ﺍﺭﻭﺼﻨﻤ ﺎﺒﻝﺎﻏ ،ﻪﺘﺩﺎﻌﻜ ﺝﺭﺨﻝ ،لﺎﻤﻝﺍ ﱠﻑﻋ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﺔﺒﻠﻐﻝﺍ ﺕﻨﺎﻜﻓ ،ﻡﺭﻜﺘﻭ « ) 3 ( . ﺓﺩﻴﺭﺠ ﺭﻴﻐﺘ ﻥﺃ ﻑﻭﺭﻅﻝﺍ ﺕﻋﺎﻁﺘﺴﺍ " ﺏﺎﻬﺸﻝﺍ " ﻡـﻝ ﺎـﻬﻨﻜﻝ ،ﺔﻴﺭﻬﺸ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﻴﻋﻭﺒﺴﺃ ﻥﻤ ﻊﺒﺎﺴﻝﺍ ﺀﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺎﻏ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺱﻤﺎﺨﻝﺍ ﺩﻠﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﻊﻤ ﺭﻴﻐﺘ ﺎﻫﺭﺎﻌﺸ ﻥﻜﻝ ،ﺎﻬﻓﺩﻫﻭ ﺎﻫﺭﻜﻓ ﺭﻴﻴﻐﺘ ﻊﻁﺘﺴﺘ ﹸﻜ ﺩﻘﻓ ،ﺭﺸﻋ ﺙﻝﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﺩﻠﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻬﻓﻼﻏ ﺔﺤﻔﺼ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺏﺘ ) 4 ( : » ﻲﻓ ﺎﻨﺅﺩﺒﻤ ﺡﻼـﺼﻹﺍ ﻲﻨﻴﺩـﻝﺍ ﻱﻭﻴﻨﺩﻝﺍﻭ " : ﺭﺨﺁ ﺢﻠﺼﻴ ﻻ ﺎـﻬﻝﻭﺃ ﻪـﺒ ﺢﻠﺼ ﺎﻤﺒ ﻻﺇ ﺔﻤﻷﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ « ) 5 ( . ﻭ » لﺩـﻌﻝﺍﻭ ﻕـﺤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺒﺠﺍﻭﻝﺍ ﻊﻴﻤﺠﺒ ﺍﻭﻤﺎﻗ ﻥﻴﺫﻠﻝ ﻕﻭﻘﺤﻝﺍ ﻊﻴﻤﺠ ﺀﺎﻁﻋﺇ ﻲﻓ ،ﺕﺎﺨﺍﺅﻤﻝﺍﻭ « ) 6 ( . ) 1 ( ﺱﻴﺩﺎﺒ ﻥﺒ ﺩﻴﻤﺤﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ : ﻡ ،ﺏﺎﻬﺸﻝﺍ ﺔﻠﺠﻤ ،ﺩﻘﺘﻨﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺏﺎﻬﺸﻝﺍ 1 ﺩﺩﻋ ، 1 ، 12 ﺭﺒﻤﻓﻭﻨ 1925 ﺹ ، : 3 . ) 2 ( ﺱﻴﺩﺎﺒ ﻥﺒﺍ : ﺞﻤ ،ﺏﺎﻬﺸﻝﺍ ﺔﻠﺠﻤ 1 ﺩﺩﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ، 1 ﺩﺩﻌﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ 31 ﻡ ، 2 ﺩﺩﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ 1 ﺩﺩﻌﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ 99 ﻡ ، 3 ﺩﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺩ 1 ﻰﻝﺇ 148 ﻡ ، 4 ﺩﺩﻌﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ، 1 ﺩﺩﻌﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ 178 . ) 3 ( ﺱﻴﺩﺎﺒ ﻥﺒﺍ : ﻊﻴﻁﺘﺴﺘ ﻻﻭ ،ﺎﻨﻔﻴﻴﻜﺘ ﻑﻭﺭﻅﻝﺍ ﻊﻴﻁﺘﺴﺘ – ﷲﺍ ﻥﺫﺈﺒ – ﺎﻨﻓﻼﺘﺇ ﻡ ،ﺏﺎﻬﺸﻝﺍ ﺔﻠﺠﻤ ، 5 ﺀﺯﺠ ، 1 ، 1929 ﺹ ، : 3 . ) 4 ( ﺱﻴﺩﺎﺒ ﻥﺒﺍ : ﺩﻠﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺭﺎﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺩﺭﻭ ،ﺏﺎﻬﺸﻝﺍ ﺔﻠﺠﻤ 5 ، ﺀﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺎﻏ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺭﻤﺘﺴﺍﻭ 7 ﺩﻠﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ 13 . ) 5 ( ﺱﻨﺃ ﻥﺒ ﻙﻝﺎﻤﻝ لﻭﻘﻝﺍ . ) 6 ( ﺱﻴﺩﺎﺒ ﻥﺒ ﺩﻴﻤﺤﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻌﻝ لﻭﻘﻝﺍ .

6 ﺭﻴﺸﻴﻭ " ﺱﻴﺩﺎﺒ ﻥﺒﺍ " ﻰﻝﺇ ﺭﺎﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ » ﻊـﻤﻁﻴ ﻥﺎﻜ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ﺔﻠﺤﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﺔـﻴﻤﻝﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺏﺭـﺤﻝﺍ ﻥﺎـﺒﺃ ﺎـﻬﻝ ﺎﻫﻭﻤﺩـﻗ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻡﻬﺘﺍﺩﻋﺎﺴﻤ ﺎﺴﻨﺭﻓ ﺭﺩﻘﺘ ﻥﺃ ﻥﻭﻴﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﻰﻝﻭﻷﺍ « ) 1 ( ﺀﺍﺩﺘﺒﺎﻓ ،لﻤﺃ ﺔﺒﻴﺨﺒ ﺍﻭﺒﻴﺼﺃ ﻡﻬﻨﻜﻝ ، » ﺭﺒﻤﺘﺒﺴ ﻥﻤ 1937 ﺩـﻓﻭ ﻉﻭـﺠﺭ ﺩـﻌﺒﻭ ، ﹶﻏ ،ﻕﺤ ﻱﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻝﻭﺅﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻁﻠﺴﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ لﺼﺤﻴ ﻥﺃ ﻥﻭﺩﺒ ﺎﺴﻨﺭﻓ ﻥﻤ ﺀﺎﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻌﻤﺠ ﻴ ﺭ ﻥـﺒﺍ ﻲﻠﻴ ﺎﻤﺒ ﻲﺠﺭﺎﺨﻝﺍ ﻑﻼﻐﻝﺍ لﻔﺴﺃ ﻲﻓ ﺏﻭﺘﻜﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻠﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻌﺸ ﺱﻴﺩﺎﺒ : » ﺎﻨـﺴﻔﻨﺃ ﻰـﻠﻋ لﻭﻌﻨ ﷲﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ لﻜﺘﻨﻝﻭ « ) 2 ( . ﱠﻝﻭ ﺩﻘﻓ ﺁﻭ ،ﺔﺒﺫﺎﻜﻝﺍ ﺩﻭﻋﻭﻝﺍ ﺩﻬﻋ ﻰ لـﻤﻋ ﻲـﺘﻝﺍﻭ ،ﻡﻬﺘﺍﺭﺍﺭﻗ ﺍﻭﻤﺴﺤﻴ ﻥﺃ ﻥﻴﻴﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻠﻝ ﻥ " ﺱﻴﺩﺎﺒ ﻥﺒﺍ " ﺇ ﺕـﻗﺭﻁﺘ ﻲـﺘﻝﺍ ﻊﻴﻀﺍﻭﻤﻝﺍ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ،ﺎﻬﺘﻴﻋﻭﺘﻭ ﺎﻬﺒﻴﺫﻬﺘ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻝ ﺔـﻠﺠﻤ ﺎـﻬﻴ " ﺏﺎﻬﺸﻝﺍ " -ﺎﻬﻋﻭﻨﺘ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻊﻤ ﻩﺯﻴﻜﺭﺘ ﺡﻭﺭـﻝ ﻱﺫﻐﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﻪﺠﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﻪﻨﻭﻜ ؛ﻲﻨﻴﺩﻝﺍ ﺏﻨﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺕﻏﺭﻓﺃ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ،ﻱﺭﺌ ﺍﺫـﻬﺒ ،ﺍﺭﺌﺎﺜ ﺏﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻕﻓﺩﺘ ﻥﺃ ﻥﺎﻜﻓ ،ﺏﻴﺫﻌﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺏﻋﺭﻝﺍ ﻊﻘﻨﺘﺴﻤ ﺔﻤﻷﺍ ﺭﺜﺂﻤﺒ ﺭﻴﻜﺫﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﻡﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻘﻠﺤ ﻥﻤ ﺙﻌﺒﻨﻤﻝﺍ ،ﺩﻴﺩﺠﻝﺍ ﺱﻔﻨﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﻼﺴﻹﺍ ﺭﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﻬﺘﻻﻭﻁﺒﻭ ﻴﺭﺎﺘﻝﺍ ﺦ . ﺎﻴﻨﺎﺜ : ﺔﻠﺠﻤ ﺭﻭﻁﺘ " ﺏﺎﻬﺸﻝﺍ " ﺀﺍﺯﺠﻷﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺩﺍﺩﻋﻷﺍ ﻥﻤ : 1 -ﺏﺎﻬﺸﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﻴﺭﺠ ﺭﺎﻌﺸ : ﺓﺩﻴﺭﺠ ﺕﻘﻠﻏﺃ ﻥﺃ ﺩﻌﺒ " ﺩﻘﺘﻨﻤﻝﺍ " ﺄـﺸﻨﺃ ،ﺔﻴـﺴﻨﺭﻔﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻁﻠـﺴﻝﺍ لـﺒﻗ ﻥـﻤ ﺔﻴﻋﻭﺒﺴﻷﺍ " ﺱﻴﺩﺎــﺒ ﻥــﺒﺍ " ﺓﺩــﻴﺭﺠ ، ﺎــﻫﺭﺍﺭﻏ ﻰــﻠﻋ " ﺏﺎﻬــﺸﻝﺍ " ﻲــﻓ 12 ﺭﺒﻤﻓﻭــﻨ 1925 ﺔﻨﻴﻁﻨﺴﻘﺒ ) 3 ( ، ﺎﻫﺭﻴﺩﻤ ﻥﻭﻜﻴﻝ " لﺎﻤﺸﻭﺒ ﺩﻤﺤﺃ " ) 4 ( ﻲـﻓ ﺏﺘﻜ ﺎﻤ ﻭﻫ ،ﺉﺭﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﻩﺎﺒﺘﻨﺍ ﺕﻔﻠﻴ ﺎﻤﻭ ، ) 1 ( ﺭﺼﺎﻨ ﺩﻤﺤﻤ : ﻥﻤ ،ﺔﻴﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﻑﺤﺼﻝﺍ 847 ﻰﻝﺇ 1954 ﺹ ، : 105 . ) 2 ( ﺭﺼﺎﻨ ﺩﻤﺤﻤ : ﻥﻤ ،ﺔﻴﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﻑﺤﺼﻝﺍ 847 ﻰﻝﺇ 1954 ، ﺹ : 106 . ) 3 ( ، ) 4 ( ﺱﻴﺩﺎﺒ ﻥﺒﺍ : ﻡ ،ﺏﺎﻬﺸﻝﺍ ﺔﻠﺠﻤ 1 ﺩﺩﻋ ، 1 ، 12 ﺭﺒﻤﻓﻭﻨ 1925 ﺹ ، : 01 .

7 ﺔﻴﺴﻴﺌﺭﻝﺍ ﺔﺤﻔﺼﻝﺍ لﻔﺴﺃ " : ﺔﻴﺒﻴﺫﻬﺘ ﺔﻴﺴﺎﻴﺴ ﺓﺩﻴﺭﺠ ﻪﻴﺩﺎﻘﺘﻨﺍ ﺎﻫﺭﺎﻌﺸ " : » ﻜ ﻕﻭﻓ ﻕﺤﻝﺍ ل ﺩﺤﺃ ﺀﻲﺸ لﻜ لﺒﻗ ﻥﻁﻭﻝﺍﻭ « ) 1 ( . ﺤﺘﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ،ﺎﻬﺒﺤﺎﺼ ﺔﻜﻨﺤ ﻰﻠﻋ لﺩﻴ ﺭﺎﻌﺸ ﻭﻫﻭ ﺙﺩ ﺔﻔﻨﺄﺒ ﻥـﻋ ﺭﻤﻌﺘـﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺩـﻠﺒ ﻲﻓ ﺃ ﻁﻭﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻭﻝﻭ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺇ ﺓﺭﻭﺭﻀﻭ ،ﻥ ﺎﻬﺒﺎﺤﺼﻷ ﻕﻭﻘﺤﻝﺍ ، ﻥﺃ ﺔﻠﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺕﻘﺤﺘﺴﺎﻓ ﻥﻭﻜﺘ ﺔﻴﺴﺎﻴﺴ ﻥﺃ ﺎﻬﻝ ﻥﺎﻜﻭ ،ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻥﻤﻀ ﺝﺭﺩﻨﺘ ﺕﺎﻋﻭﻀﻭﻤﻝ ﺎﻬﻝﻭﺎﻨﺘﺒ ﺏﺫﻬﺘ ﻰـﻝﺇ ﻡﻬﺘﻭﻋﺩﺒ ،ﺀﺍﺭﻘﻝﺍ ﻪﻝﻭـﺴﺭ ﺔﻨﺴﻭ ﷲﺍ ﺏﺎﺘﻜﺒ ﻙﺴﻤﺘﻝﺍ ﻡﻼـﺴﻝﺍﻭ ﺓﻼـﺼﻝﺍ ﻪـﻴﻠﻋ ﻥـﻋ ﻲﻬﻨﻝﺎـﺒ ﺭـﻤﻷﺍ ﺕﻨﺎﻜﻓ ،ﺭﻜﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﻴﺩﺎﻘﺘﻨﺍ ﺔ . 2 -ﺏﺎﻬﺸﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﻴﺭﺠ ﺩﺍﺩﻋﺃ : ﺩﻠﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺃﺩﺒ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ،ﺱﺭﻬﻔﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﻴﻏ ﻅﺤﻼﻴﻭ ،ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻤ ﻊﻴﻀﺍﻭﻤ ﺓﺩﻴﺭﺠﻝﺍ ﺩﺍﺩﻋﺃ ﺕﻝﻭﺎﻨﺘ 3 ﺩﺩﻌﻝﺍ ، 116 ﺔﻨﺴ ، 1927 لﻜ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﻴﻝﺇ ﻕﺭﻁﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﻊﻴﻀﺍﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﻫﺃ ﻪﻴﻓ ﺕﻀﺭﻋ ﺙﻴﺤ ، ﻥﻤ ﺀﺍﺭﻘﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﻜﻤﺘﻝ ﻙﻝﺫﻭ ،ﺩﺩﻋ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻉﻼﻁﻻﺍ ﻡﻬﻴﻭﻬﺘﺴﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻊﻴﻀﺍﻭﻤﻝﺍ ، ﻥﻴﺒﻴ لﻭﺩﺠ ﺍﺫﻫﻭ ﺓﺩﻴﺭﺠ ﺭﺎﺴﻤ " ﺏﺎﻬﺸﻝﺍ " ﻊﺒﺭﻷﺍ ﺕﺍﻭﻨﺴﻝﺍ لﻼﺨ ) 1925 -1928 ( ﺎﺴﻴﻨﺃ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﺕﻨﺎﻜ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ، ﻤﻌﺘ ﺎﻤﻜ ،ﻪﻴﻓ ﻡﻠﻌﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﻡﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺡﻭﺭ ﺙﻌﺒ لﻭﺎﺤﺘ ﻱﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺏﻌﺸﻠﻝ ل ﻰﻠﻋ ﻲﻋﻭﻝﺍ ﺭﺸﻨ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﻴﻴﻐﺘﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻊﻓﺩﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺔﻅﻘﻴﻝﺍ لﻌﻓ ﻕﺎﻘﺤﺇ لﺠﺃ ﻥﻤ ،ﻪﺘﺎﻴﺤ ﺏﻨﺍﻭﺠ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻤ ﺕﺎﻴﻭﺘﺴﻤ . ﺏﺎﻬﺸﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﻴﺭﺠ ﺦﻴﺭﺎﺘﻝﺍ ﺩﺍﺩﻋﻷﺍ ﺕﺎﺤﻔﺼﻝﺍ ﺩﺩﻋ لﻭﻷﺍ ﺩﻠﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﻭﻷﺍ ﺔﻨﺴ ) 1925 -1926 ( 31 633 ﻲﻨﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﺩﻠﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﺔﻨﺴﻝﺍ ) 1926 -1927 ( 99 1128 ﺙﻝﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﺩﻠﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﺜﻝﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﺔﻨﺴﻝﺍ ) 1927 -1928 ( 148 978 ﻊﺒﺍﺭﻝﺍ ﺩﻠﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻌﺒﺍﺭﻝﺍ ﺔﻨﺴﻝﺍ ) 1928 ( 178 558 ) 1 ( ﺱﻴﺩﺎﺒ ﻥﺒﺍ : ﻡ ،ﺏﺎﻬﺸﻝﺍ ﺔﻠﺠﻤ 1 ﺩﺩﻋ ، 1 ، 12 ﺭﺒﻤﻓﻭﻨ 1925 ﺹ ، : 1 .

8 3 ﺔﻠﺠﻤ ﺀﺍﺯﺠﺃ " ﺏﺎﻬﺸﻝﺍ " ،ﺕﺍﻭﻨﺴ ﻊﺒﺭﺃ لﻼﺨ ﺕﻤﻅﺘﻨﺍ ﺠﻤ ﻠ ﺔ " ﺏﺎﻬﺸﻝﺍ " ﺎﻴﺎﻀﻘﻝﺍ ﻑﻠﺘﺨﻤ ﺞﻝﺎﻌﺘ ،ﺔﻴﻋﻭﺒﺴﺃ ﺓﺩﻴﺭﺠﻜ )ﺍ ﻝ ﺔـﻴﺒﺩﻷﺍﻭ ،ﺔـﻴﻓﺎﻘﺜﻝﺍ ،ﺔـﻴﻋﺎﻤﺘﺠﻻﺍ ،ﺔﻴﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝﺍ ،ﺔﻴﻨﻴﺩ (... ﺔـﻤﺯﺄﺒ ﺕﻤﺩﻁـﺼﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻰـﻝﺇ ،ﺔﻴﻝﺎﻤ ﻤﻝﺍ ﻊﻤ لﻭﺤﺘﺘﻝ ،ﺎﻴﻋﻭﺒﺴﺃ ﺎﻬﻤﺎﻅﺘﻨﺍ ﺕﻗﺎﻋﺃ ﺱﻤﺎﺨﻝﺍ ﺩﻠﺠ ﺭـﻴﻐﺘ ﺙﻴﺤ ،ﺔﻴﺭﻬﺸ ﺔﻠﺠﻤ ﻰﻝﺇ ،ﺎﻫﺭﺎﻌﺸ ﻔﺼ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺏﺘﻜﻓ ﺎﻬﺘﺤ ﺔﻴﺴﻴﺌﺭﻝﺍ : » ﺎﻨﺅﺩﺒﻤ ﺡﻼﺼﻹﺍ ﻱﻭﻴﻨﺩـﻝﺍﻭ ﻲﻨﻴﺩﻝﺍ " : ﺢﻠـﺼﻴ ﻻ ﺁ ﻷﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺭﺨ ﺎﻬﻝﻭﺃ ﻪﺒ ﺢﻠﺼ ﺎﻤﺒ ﻻﺇ ﺔﻤ " ." ﻊـﻴﻤﺠ ﺀﺎـﻁﻋﺇ ﻲـﻓ ،ﺕﺎﺨﺍﺅﻤﻝﺍﻭ لﺩﻌﻝﺍﻭ ﻕﺤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﺒﺠﺍﻭﻝﺍ ﻊﻴﻤﺠﺒ ﺍﻭﻤﺎﻗ ﻥﻴﺫﻠﻝ ﻕﻭﻘﺤﻝﺍ « ) 1 ( . ﺭﺎﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺎﻨﻌﻀﻴ ﻥـﻤ ،ﻱﺭـﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺏﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻪﻴﻝﺇ لﺼﻭ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ،ﺢﻀﺍﻭﻝﺍ ﻱﺩﺭﺘﻝﺍ ﻡﺎﻤﺃ ﺕﺎﻓﺍﺭﺨﻝﺍﻭ ﻉﺩﺒﻝﺍ ﻭﺤﻨ ﻕﺎﻴﺴﻨﺍﻭ ،ﻲﻘﻠﺨ لﻼﺤﻨﺍ ﻝﺍ ، ﺘ ﻬﻴﻝﺇ ﺕﻋﺩ ﻲ ﺎ ﺔﻴﻓﻭـﺼﻝﺍ ﻕﺭـﻁﻝﺍ ﺽﻌﺒ ﻲﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ لﺎﺤﺒ ﻪﺒﺸﺃ ﻪﻝﺎﺤ ﻥﺎﻜﻓ ﺃ ﻥﺎﻜﻓ ،ﺔﻴﻠﻫﺎﺠﻝﺍ ﻡﺎﻴ ﻝ ﻌﻝﺍ ﺱﻔﻨﺒ ﺞﻝﺎﻌﻴ ﻥﺃ ﺎﻤﺍﺯ ﺝﺭﺨﺃ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺝﻼ ﻡﻬﺘﻴﻠﻫﺎﺠ ﻥﻤ ﺏﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﻝﺎﻌﺘ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺓﺩﻭﻌﻝﺍ ﻕﻴﺭﻁ ﻥﻋ ، ﺥﻭﻴﺸﺒ ﻻ ،ﻰﻝﺎﻌﺘ ﷲﺎﺒ ﺔﻨﺎﻌﺘﺴﻻﺍﻭ ﻥﻴﺩﻝﺍ ﻡﻴ لﻌﺠ ﺎﻤﻤ ،ﺎﻴﺍﻭﺯﻝﺍ " ﺱﻴﺩﺎﺒ ﻥﺒﺍ " ﻲـﻓ ﺭﻴﺜﺄﺘﻝﺍ ﺩﺼﻗ ،ﺔﻠﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻨﻴﺩﻝﺍ ﻊﻴﻀﺍﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻑﺜﻜﻴ ، ﻊﻴـﻀﺍﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤﻓ ،ﺕﺎﻴﺤﻀﺘﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﻻﻭﻁﺒﻝﺍ ﺩﻬﻋ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻪﺘﺩﺎﻋﺇﻭ ،ﻱﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺏﻌﺸﻠﻝ ﻡﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﻱﺃﺭﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﻭﺎـﻨﻌﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺭﻜﺫﻨ ،ﻩﺎﺠﺘﻻﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻰﻌﺴﺘ ﺕﻨﺎﻜ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ : » ﺎـﺠﻤ ﺭﻴﻜﺫـﺘﻝﺍ ،ﺭﻴﻜﺫـﺘﻝﺍ ﺱﻝ : ﻝﺍ ﺔﺠﺎﺤ ،ﻪﺘﻘﻴﻘﺤ ﺤ ﻋ ﷲﺍ ﻰﻠﺼ ﻲﺒﻨﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﻜﺫﺘ ،ﻪﺒ ﻥﻭﻤﺌﺎﻘﻝﺍ ،ﻪﻴﻝﺇ ﻕ ﻠ ،ﻪﺒ ﺭﻜﺫﻴ ﻥﺎﻜ ﺎﻤ ،ﻡﻠﺴﻭ ﻪﻴ ﻥﻤ ﻹﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺭﻴﻜﺫﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻋﻭﺭﺸﻤ ،ﺭﻜﺫﻴ ﻥﺎﻜ ﻡﻼﺴ ... « ) 2 ( . ﻭﺤﻨ ،ﻱﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺏﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﻪﻴﺠﻭﺘ ،ﺎﻬﻨﻤ ﻑﺩﻬﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﻜ ،ﺍﺩﺠ ﺭﻴﺜﻜﻝﺍ ﺎﻫﺭﻴﻏﻭ ،ﻊﻴﻀﺍﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺔﻅﻘﻴﻝﺎﻓ ،ﻪﻀﺭﺃ ﺓﺩﺎﻌﺘﺴﺍ ﻲﻓ لﺜﻤﺘﻤﻝﺍ ؛ﻩﺭﻴﺼﻤ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺨﺍ ﺔﻴـﺸﺨ ﺭﺎـﻀﺤﺘﺴﺍ ﻲﻋﺩﺘﺴﺘ ﺔﻴﺤﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﷲﺍ ﺹﺭﺤ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ،ﻡﻴﺭﻜﻝﺍ ﻥﺁﺭﻘﻝﺍ ﻲﻨﺎﻌﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺭﺒﺩﺘﻝﺍﻭ ، " ﺱﻴﺩﺎﺒ ﻥﺒﺍ " ﻲـﻓ ﻩﺭﺸﻨﻭ ﻩﺭﻴﺴﻔﺘ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻠﺠﻤﻝﺍ لﻭﻘﻴ ﺫﺇ : » ﺝﺎـﻬﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﺀﺎﻤﻠﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻴﻌﻤﺠﻭ ﺏﺎﻬﺸﻝﺍ ﺏﺤﺎﺼ ﺱﻴﺩﺎﺒ ﻥﺒﺍ ﺩﻤﺘﻋﺍ ﺩﻘﻝ ﻡﻌﻨ ﻕﻘﺤﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺓﺩﻭﺸﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻀﻬﻨﻝﺍ ﻕﻴﻘﺤﺘﻝ ،ﻲﻨﺁﺭﻘﻝﺍ لﻼﻘﺘﺴﻻﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﺍﺭﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻤﻌﺘﺴﻻﺍ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴ ﻁﺒﺤﺘﻭ ، ) 1 ( ﺱﻴﺩﺎﺒ ﻥﺒﺍ : ﺍ ﺔﻠﺠﻤ ﻝ ﻡ ،ﺏﺎﻬﺸ 5 ﺀﺯﺠ ، 1 ، ﻱﺭﻔﻴﻓ 1929 ﺹ ، : 1 . ) 2 ( ﺱﻴﺩﺎﺒ ﻥﺒﺍ : ﺍ ﺔﻠﺠﻤ ﻝ ﻡ ،ﺏﺎﻬﺸ 5 ﺀﺯﺠ ، 1 ، ﻱﺭﻔﻴﻓ 1929 ﺹ ، : 4 .

9 ﻴﺩ ،ﺔﻴﺴﻨﺭﻓ ﺔﻴﻨﻴﺘﻻ ﺔﻴﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺽﺭﻷﺍ ﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺎﺒ ،ﻲﺘﺍﺫﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻨﺎﻴﻜ ﺭﻴﻴﻐﺘ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻨ ﻻ ،ﺎﺨﻴﺭﺎﺘﻭ ﺔﻐﻝﻭ ﺎ ﺔﻴﺒﺭﻋ ﺇ ﺍ ﻯﺭﻴ ﺎﻤﻜ ﺔﻴﻤﻼﺴ لﻭﻘﻴ ﺫﺇ ،ﻱﺭﺠﻴﻓﻻ لﺎﻨﻴﺩﺭﺎﻜﻝ : ﺽﺭﻷﺍ ﻥـﻤ لـﻌﺠﻨ ﻥﺃ ﺎـﻨﻴﻠﻋ ﺎﻬﻴﺤﻭ ﻊﺒﻨﻤ ،ﺔﻨﻴﺩﻤ ﺭﻭﻨﺒ ﺎﻫﺅﺎﺠﺭﺃ ﺀﺎﻀﺘ ﺔﻴﺤﻴﺴﻤ ﺔﻝﻭﺩﻝ ﺍﺩﻬﻤ ﺔﻴﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ لﻴﺠﻨﻹﺍ ... ﻲـﻫ ﻙﻠﺘ ﺎﻨﺘﻝﺎﺴﺭ « ) 1 ( . ﻥﻴﺩﻝﺍ لﺍﺩﺒﺇ لﺠﺃ ﻥﻤ ،ﺔﻴﺴﻨﺭﻔﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻁﻠﺴﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺘﻝﺫﺒ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﻭﻬﺠﻤﻠﻝ لﻌﻓ ﺩﺭﻜﻭ ﻲﻤﻼﺴﻹﺍ ﺩﻭﻬﺠ ﺕﺀﺎﺠ ،ﺔﻴﺤﻴﺴﻤﻝﺎﺒ " ﺱﻴﺩﺎﺒ ﻥﺒﺍ " ﺍﺫـﻫ ﺱـﻔﻨ ﻲـﻓ ﺔﻴﺤﻭﺭﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﻘﻝﺍ ﺀﺎﻨﺒ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺇ لﺠﺃ ﻥﻤ ﻋ ،ﺔﻗﺯﻤﻤﻝﺍ ﻱﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺔﺤﻴﺤﺼﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺩﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﻝﺎﻌﺘ ﺭﺸﻨ ﻕﻴﺭﻁ ﻥ ﺏﺴﺍﻭﺭﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﺎﻓﺍﺭﺨﻝﺍ لﻜ ﺫﺒﻨﻭ ، ﻥﻤ ﺔﻴﻓﻭﺼﻝﺍ ﻕﺭﻁﻝﺍ ﺽﻌﺒ ﻊﻤ ﻑﻝﺎﺤﺘﻝﺎﺒ ﺭﻤﻌﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻪﺒ ﺎﻬﻘﺤﻝﺃ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺏﻌـﺸﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﺩـﺨﺘ لـﺠﺃ ﻩﺭﻴﻘﻔﺘ ﻭ ﻪﻠﻴﻬﺠﺘﻭ ﺘﺩﺎﻴﻗ لﻬﺴﺘﻝ ﻪ. ﺍﻭ ﺱﻤﺎﺨﻝﺍ ﺩﻠﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻴﺴﻴﺌﺭﻝﺍ ﺔﺤﻔﺼﻝ ﹶﺘ ﺩﺼ ﻥـﻤ ﺽﺭـﻐﻝﺍ ﻥﺎـﻜ ،ﺕﺎﻤﻠﻜ ﻊﺒﺭﺃ ﺎﻬﺘﺭ ﺎﻫﺩﺍﺭﻴﺇ ،ﺔﻌﺌﺎﻀﻝﺍ ﻪﻗﻭﻘﺤ ﻰﻝﺇ ﻪﻫﺎﺒﺘﻨﺍ ﺕﻔﻝﻭ ،ﻱﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺉﺭﺎﻘﻝﺍ ﻩﺎﺒﺘﻨﺍ ﺩﺸ ــﻓ ) ﺔـﻴﺭﺤﻝﺍ -ﺓﻭﺨﻷﺍ -ﺔﻝﺍﺩﻌﻝﺍ -ﻡﻼﺴﻝﺍ ( ـﺤ ﻥﻁﻭﻝ ﺯﻭﻤﺭ ﻲﻫﻭ ،ﺏﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻴﻝﺇ ﺵﹼﻁﻌﺘ ﺎﻤﻝﺎﻁ ﻥﺎﻌﻤ ﻲﻫ ﺭ ﻡﻼﺴﻝﺍﻭ ﺓﻭﺨﻷﺍ ﻩﺩﻭﺴﺘ ﺵﻴﻌﻝﻭ . ﺭﻴﻴﻐﺘﻠﻝ ﻥﺍﻭﻨﻌﻜ ،ﺩﻠﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻬﻝ ﺔﻴﺴﻴﺌﺭﻝﺍ ﺔﺤﻔﺼﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺕﺎﻤﻠﻜﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺕﺩﺭﻭ ﺩﻗﻭ لﻜـﺸﻝﺎﺒ ﻲﻝﺎﺘﻝﺍ ) 2 ( : ) 1 ( ﻥﺎﺒﻴﺸ ﻥﻤﺤﺭﻝﺍ ﺩﺒﻋ : ﺹ ،ﺏﺎﻬﺸﻝﺍ ﺔﻠﺠﻤ ﺔﻤﺩﻘﻤ : 55 . ) 2 ( ﻡ ،ﺏﺎﻬﺸﻝﺍ ﺔﻠﺠﻤ 5 ﺀﺯﺠ ، 1 ، 1929 ﺹ ، : 1 .

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11 ﺔﻠﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﻑﻼﻐﻝ ﻡﻴﻤﺼﺘﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻥﺇ ﺍ ﻰﻐﺘﺒﻤ ﺭﺼﺘﺨﻴ ﻝ ﻡـﻠﺤﻴ ﻱﺫـﻝﺍ ،ﻱﺭـﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺏﻌـﺸ " ﺔﻴﺭﺤﻝﺎﺒ " ، ﺭﻭﻌﺸﻝﺎﺒ ﺱﺎﺴﺤﻺﻝ ﻩﺩﻭﻘﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ " ﻱﻭـﺨﻷﺍ " ،ﻡﻴﻤﺤﻝﺍ ﺩﺸﻨﻴﻝ ،ﺔﻨﻴﻜﺴﻝﺍ ﻪﺴﻔﻨ ﻲﻓ لﺤﺘﻓ " ﻡﻼﺴﻝﺍ " ﺘﻴ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺤ ﻴ ﻥ ﺔﻅﺤﻝ " ﻋ ﺩ ل " ﺔﻘﻠﻐﻤﻝﺍ ﻪﺘﺭﺌﺍﺩ ﻥﻤ ﻪﻘﺘﻌﺘ ، ﻓ ﺍﻭﺩـﻝﺍ ﻕﻼﻏﺈ ﺌ ﻰـﻠﻋ ﺭ ﻩﺫـﻫ ﺭﻴﻭﺼﺘ ﻭﻫ ،ﻊﺒﺭﻷﺍ ﺕﺎﻤﻠﻜﻝﺍ ﻝ ﺩﺸ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻕﺎﻨﺨﻠ ﻰﻨﻌﻤ لﻜ ﻰﻠﻋ ،ﻲﺴﻨﺭﻔﻝﺍ ﺭﻤﻌﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻩ ـﻴﻤﺠ ل ّلﻌﻝﻭ ،ﺏﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺓﺎﻴﺤ ﻲﻓ " ﻕﺍﺭﻭﻷﺍ " ﺴﻓ ﻲﻫ ﺭﺌﺍﻭﺩﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ لﻠﺨﺘﺘ ﺕﻨﺎﻜ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺤ ﺔ ﺕﺎﺒﺍﻭﺒ لﺒ ،لﻤﺃ ﺃ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ،ﻥﺠﺴﻝﺍ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻥﻤ ﺓﺎﺠﻨ ﺘﺤﻤﻝﺍ ﺩﻠﺒﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺎﻴﺤﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻤﻭﻘﻤ ﺭﺴ ل . ﺯﻤﺭﺘﻭ " ﻡﻬﺴﻷﺍ " ﺔﺴﻜﺎﻌﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﺘﺎﻫﺎﺠﺘﺎﺒ ﺔﻜﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﺩﻭﻬﺠ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﻴﻤﻼﺴﻹﺍ لﺨﺍﺩ ﻰﻌﺴﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ، ﻩﺩﺩﺤ ﺩﻭﺩﺤﻤ ﺭﺎﻁﺇ " لﻴﻁﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ " ﻙﻓ ﻰﻝﺇ ،ﺎﻬﻤﻀ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﻱﺩﻭﻤﻌﻝﺍ ﺫﻫ ﺭﺴﺃ ﻩ ﺕﺎﻤﻠﻜﻝﺍ ﺎﻬﻤـﻀﻭ ﺎﻬﻀﻌﺒ ﻰﻝﺇ لﺠﺃ ﻥﻤ ،ﺽﻌﺒﻝﺍ ﻡﻝﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ لﻤﺎﻜﺘﻤ ﻥﻁﻭ ﻕﺎﻘﺤﺇ . ﻲﺴﻨﺭﻔﻝﺍ ﺭﻤﻌﺘﺴﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﺎﻴﻐﻁ ﻥﺇ ﻪﻨﺍﻭﻔﻨﻋﻭ ﺔﻔﻘﺜﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻘﺒﻁﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻰﻀﺘﻗﺍ ﺦﻴﺭﺎﺘﻝﺍ ،ﻪﺘﺒﺜﺃ ﻱﺫﻝﺍ ﺩﻼﺒﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻙﻠﺴﺘ ﻥﺃ ﻑﺩﺎﻫ ﺱﺤﻭ ﺔﺌﺩﺎﻫ ﺔﻐﻠﺒ ﺏﻁﺎﺨﻴ ،ﺎﺴﻜﺎﻌﻤ ﺎﻫﺎﺠﺘﺍ ﻪـﺘﻠﻘﺜﺃ ،ﺎـﻴﻤﺍﺩ ﺎـﺒﻠﻗ ﻲﺴﺂﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺡﺍﺭﺠﻝﺍ لﻌﺠ ﺎﻤ ﺍﺫﻫﻭ ، " ﺱﻴﺩﺎﺒ ﻥﺒﺍ " ﺔﺤﻔﺼﻠﻝ ﺔﻴﻝﺍﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﺤﻔﺼﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺩﺭﻭﻴ ﺔﻴـﺴﻴﺌﺭﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺎﻌﺘ ﻪﻝﻭﻗ ،ﺱﻤﺎﺨﻝﺍ ﺩﻠﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ : ﴿ ﹸﻗ ْل ﻫ ﺫﻩ ﺴ ﹺﺒ ﻠﻴ َﺃ ﻲ ﺩ ﻋ ِﺇ ﻭ ﹶﻝ ﹶﻠﻝﺍ ﻰ ﻪ ﻋ ﹶﻠ ﺒ ﻰ ﺼ ﺭﻴ ﺓ َﺃ ـﹶﻨ ﻭ ﺎ ـﻤ ﻥ ﱠﺘﺍ ﺒﻌ ﻨ ﻭ ﻲ ﺴ ﺒ ﺤ ﻥﺎ ِﷲﺍ ﻭ ﻤ َﺃ ﺎ ﹶﻨ ﻤ ﺎ ﻥ ﹸﻝﺍ ﹾﺸﻤ ﹺﺭ ﻜ ﻥﻴ ﴾ ) 1 ( ﺎـﻀﻴﺃ ﻪﻝﻭﻗﻭ : ﴿ ُﺃ ﺩ ﻉ ِﺇ ـﹶﻝ ـﺴ ﻰ ﹺﺒ ِلﻴ ﺭ ـﺒ ﻙ ﹺﺒ ﹾﻝﺎ ﺤ ﹾﻜ ﻤ ﺔ ﻭ ﻤﻝﺍ ﹺﻭ ﻋ ﹶﻅ ﺔ ﺤﻝﺍ ﺴ ﹶﻨﺔ ﻭ ﺠ ﺩﺎ ﹾﻝﻬ ﻡ ﹺﺒ ﱠﻝﺎ ﺘ ﻫ ﻲ ﻲ َﺃ ﺤ ﺴ ﻥ ﴾ ) 2 ( . ﺔﻠﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﺏﺤﺎﺼ ﺩﺍﺭﺃ -ﻥﻴﺘﻤﻴﺭﻜﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺘﻴﻵﺍ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ﻡﻝﺎـﻌﻠﻝ ﺕﺒﺜﻴ ﻥﺃ ﺭﺎـﻗﻭ ﻲـﻓ ﻲﻤﻼﺴﺇ ﻥﻴﺩﻝﺍ ﺉﺩﺎﺒﻤ ﺔﻤﻅﻋ ،ﻲﻤﻼﺴﻹﺍ ﺓﻭﻋﺩﻝﺍ ﻕﻴﺭﻁ ﻥﻋ ﻲﻋﻭﻝﺍ ﺙﺒﻭ ﺔﻅﻘﻴﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺔﻓﺩﺎﻬﻝﺍ ﻝﺍ ﻱﺭﻜﻔ ﻕﺍﺭ ﻲﻤﻠﻋ ﺏﻭﻠﺴﺄﺒ ﻪﺘﺴﺎﻴﺴ ﺔﺴﺍﺭﺸﻭ ﺭﺎﻤﻌﺘﺴﻻﺍ ﻡﻠﻅ ﺯﻭﺎﺠﺘﻴ . ) 1 ( ﻭﺴ ﺔﻴﻵﺍ ،ﻑﺴﻭﻴ ﺓﺭ 108 . ) 2 ( ﺔﻴﻵﺍ ،لﺤﻨﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﻭﺴ 125 .

12 ﻡﻴﺩﻘﺘ ﻭﻫﻭ ﻪﻘﻓﺭﺃ " ﺱﻴﺩﺎﺒ ﻥﺒﺍ " " ﺏﺎﻬﺸﻠﻝ " ﹰﺔﻠﺠﻤ ، ﺔﻴﻋﻭﺒـﺴﺃ ﺓﺩـﻴﺭﺠ ﺕـﻨﺎﻜ ﻥﺃ ﺩـﻌﺒ ﺎﻬﺌﺍﺯﺠﺃ ﺩﺩﻋﻭ ﺔﻠﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﺴﻘﺘ ﺔﻴﻔﻴﻜ ﻥﻴﺒﻴ لﻭﺩﺠ ﺍﺫﻫﻭ ،ﺭﺸﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺩﻠﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﻰﺘﺤ ﺎﻬﻌﻤ ﺭﻤﺘﺴﺍﻭ : ﺏﺎﻬﺸﻝﺍ ﺔﻠﺠﻤ ﺦﻴﺭﺎﺘﻝﺍ ﺀﺍﺯﺠﻷﺍ ﺩﺩﻋ ﺕﺎﺤﻔﺼﻝﺍ ﺩﺩﻋ ﻠﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﺩ ﺱﻤﺎﺨﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﻤﺎﺨﻝﺍ ﺔﻨﺴﻝﺍ ) 1929 -1930 ( 12 662 ﺱﺩﺎﺴﻝﺍ ﺩﻠﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﺴﺩﺎﺴﻝﺍ ﺔﻨﺴﻝﺍ ) 1930 ( 12 862 ﻊﺒﺎﺴﻝﺍ ﺩﻠﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻌﺒﺎﺴﻝﺍ ﺔﻨﺴﻝﺍ ) 1931 ( 12 870 ﻥﻤﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﺩﻠﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻨﻤﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﺔﻨﺴﻝﺍ ) 1932 ( 12 740 ﻊﺴﺎﺘﻝﺍ ﺩﻠﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﺔﻌﺴﺎﺘﻝﺍ ﺔﻨﺴﻝﺍ ) 1933 ( 13 604 ﺭﺸﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺩﻠﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﺓﺭﺸﺎﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻨﺴﻝﺍ ) 1934 ( 12 644 ﺔﻠﺠﻤ ﺕﺭﻤﺘﺴﺍ " ﺏﺎﻬﺸﻝﺍ " ﺕﺍﺭﺎﻌﺸﻝﺍ ﺱﻔﻨﺒ ، ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﺭ ﺎﻬﺘﻘﻓﺍ ﺕﺍﻭﻨﺴ ﺱﻤﺨ ﺔﻠﻴﻁ ﺞﻝﺎﻌﺘ لﻭﻘﻴ ،ﺎﻬﺒﺤﺎﺼﻝ ﻥﺎﻜ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﻉﻭﻀﻭﻤ لﻭﺃﻭ ،ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻤﻝﺍ ﺓﺎﻴﺤﻝﺍ ﻊﻴﻀﺍﻭﻤ ﻪﻴﻓ : » ﺏﺎﻬـﺸﻝﺍ ﻡﺩـﻘﺘﻴ ﺒ ﻲﻓ ﻪﻴﺩﻴﺭﻤﻭ ﻩﺭﺎﺼﻨﻷ ﺯ ﺘ ﻴ ﻥﺄﺒ ﻡﻫﺎﻴﺇ ﺍﺩﻋﺍﻭ ،ﺔﻴﺭﻬﺸ ﺔﻠﺠﻤ ﺓﺩﻴﺩﺠﻝﺍ ﻪ ﻩﻭـﻓﺭﻋ ﺎﻤ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻥﻭﻜ ﻝﺍ ﺓﻭﻋﺩ ﻲﻓ ﻪﻨﻤ ﺓﺭـﺸﻋ ﻡﻭـﻴﻝﺍ ﻪـﺒﺍﻭﺒﺃ ﻥﻭﻜﺘـﺴﻭ ،لﺎﻏ ﻻﻭ ﻁﺭﻔﻤ ﺭﻴﻏ ،ﻕﺤ : ﺱﻝﺎـﺠﻤ ﺭﻴﻜﺫــﺘﻝﺍ ﻭ ، ﺭ ﻊــﻤﺘﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﻲــﻓﻭ ﻑﺤــﺼﻝﺍﻭ ﺏــﺘﻜﻝﺍ ﻥــﻤ ﺕﺎــﻴﻨﺘﺠﻤﻭ ﺕﻻﺎــﻘﻤﻭ لﺌﺎــﺴ ﺭﻅﻨﻭ ،ﻱﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺓ ﺔﺜﺤﺎﺒﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻤﻝﺎﻋ ﻭ لﺌﺎﺴﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﻯﻭﺘﻔﻝﺍﻭ ،ﺓﺭﻅﺎﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺩﺌﺍﻭﻓﻭ ﺭﺎﺒﺨﺃﻭ ﺔﺼﻗﻭ ، لﻭـﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﻩﺩﺤﻭ ﷲﺍ ﻰﻠﻋﻭ لﺎﺤﻝﺍ ﻰﻀﺘﻗﺍ ﺍﺫﺇ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﺩﺍﺯﻴ ﺩﻗﻭ ،ﻊﺒﺎﻁﻤﻝﺍﻭ لﻭﻘﻌﻝﺍ ﺭﺎﻤﺜﻭ ،ﺭﻬﺸﻝﺍ لﺎﻤﻵﺍ ﻕﻴﻘﺤﺘ ﻲﻓ « ) 1 ( . ﻥﺇ ﺽﺭﻐﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﺔﻤﻠﻜ " ﺱﻴﺩﺎﺒ ﻥﺒﺍ " ﻩﺫﻫ -ﻭﻫ ﻭﻬﻤﺠ ﺔﻨﺄﻤﻁ ﺭ" ﺏﺎﻬﺸﻝﺍ " ﺔـﻠﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﺄﺒ ، ﻡﹶﻝ ﺀﻲﺸ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﺭﻴﻐﺘﻴ ﺎـﻬﺘﺨﺄﻜ ﻲـﻫ لﺒ ، " ﺏﺎﻬـﺸﻝﺍ ﺓﺩـﻴﺭﺠ " ﺕﺭﻤﺘـﺴﺍ ﺏﻭﻠـﺴﻷﺍ ﺱﻔﻨـﺒ ) 1 ( ﺱﻴﺩﺎﺒ ﻥﺒﺍ " : ﺏﺎﻬﺸﻝﺍ " ﻊﻴﻁﺘﺴﺘ ﻻﻭ ،ﺎﻨﻔﻴﻴﻜﺘ ﻑﻭﺭﻅﻝﺍ ﻊﻴﻁﺘﺴﺘ ،ﻲﻋﻭﺒﺴﻷﺍ ﺩﻌﺒ ﻱﺭﻬﺸﻝﺍ ﷲﺍ ﻥﺫﺈـﺒ ﺔـﻠﺠﻤ ،ﺎـﻨﻓﻼﺘﺇ ﻡ ،ﺏﺎﻬﺸﻝﺍ 5 ﺀﺯﺠ ، 1 ، 1929 ﺹ ، : 3 .

13 ،ﺝﺎﻬﻨﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﻭ ﻰﻌﺴﺘﺴ لﺎﺠﺭ ﺓﺩﺍﺭﺇﻭ ﺔﻤﻴﺯﻌﺒ ﺡﻼﺼﻹﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺇ ﺽﺎـﻘﻨ ﻱﺭـﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﺏﻌـﺸﻝﺍ ﻪﻨﻭﻜ ،ﻥﻴﺩﻝﺍ ﺉﺩﺎﺒﻤ ﻕﻓﻭ ،ﻪﻤﻴﻅﻨﺘ ﺓﺩﺎﻋﺇﻭ ﺍﺭﻭﺘﺴﺩ ﻥﺎـﺴﻨﻹﺎﺒ ﺔﻘﻠﻌﺘﻤﻝﺍ ﺎﻴﺎﻀﻘﻝﺍ ﻊﻴﻤﺠ ﻕﺭﻁ ﻥﻴﺘﺎﻴﺤﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ . ﺔﻨﺴﻝﺍ ﻊﻤﻭ ﺭﺸﻋ ﺔﻴﺩﺎﺤﻝﺍ ) ﺭﺸﻋ ﻱﺩﺎﺤﻝﺍ ﺩﻠﺠﻤﻝﺍ ( ﻑﺫﺤ ، " ﺱﻴﺩﺎﺒ ﻥﺒﺍ " ﻊـﺒﺭﻷﺍ ﺕﺎﻤﻠﻜﻝﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﻠﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﺕﻘﻓﺍﺭ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ) 5 -6 -7 -8 -9 -10 ( ﺎﻬﺒ ﻲﻨﻌﻨﻭ )ﺍ ﺔـﻴﺭﺤﻝ ، لﺩـﻌﻝﺍ ، ﺓﻭـﺨﻷﺍ ، ﻡﻼﺴﻝﺍ ( ﺕﺍﺭﺎﻌـﺸﻝﺍ ﻲﻗﺎﺒ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻅﻓﺎﺤﻭ ، ﻲـﻓ ﺎﻨﻜﺎـﺴ ﻙﺭـﺤﺘ ﻡـﻝ ﺎـﻬﻨﺃ ﻙﺭﺩﺃ ﻪـﻨﺄﻜﻭ ، ﻤﻝﺍ ،ﺎﺴﻨﺭﻓ ﻭﻝ ﺔﻔﻠﺨ ﺩﻭﻋ ﺎـﺴﺎﺴﺤﺇ ﺏﻌـﺸﻝﺍ ﻲـﻓ ﻅـﻘﻴﺃ ﺩـﻗ ﻥﺎـﻜ ﻥﺇﻭ ،ﻥﻴﻴﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ﻊﻤ ﺎﻫ ﺎﻗﻭﺘﻭ ،ﺓﺯﻌﻝﺎﺒ لﻴﻨﻝ ﻡﻼﺴ ﻲﻓ ﺵﻴﻌﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺭﺤﻝﺍ . ﺔﻠﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﺴﻘﺘ ﻥﻴﺒﻴ ﻲﺘﻵﺍ لﻭﺩﺠﻝﺍﻭ : ﺏﺎﻬﺸﻝﺍ ﺔﻠﺠﻤ ﺦﻴﺭﺎﺘﻝﺍ ﺀﺍﺯﺠﻷﺍ ﺩﺩﻋ ﺕﺎﺤﻔﺼﻝﺍ ﺩﺩﻋ ﻱﺩﺎﺤﻝﺍ ﺩﻠﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﺸﻋ ﺭﺸﻋ ﺔﻴﺩﺎﺤﻝﺍ ﺔﻨﺴﻝﺍ ) 1935 ( 12 776 ﺭﺸﻋ ﻲﻨﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﺩﻠﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﺸﻋ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﺔﻨﺴﻝﺍ ) 1936 ( 12 610 ﺭﺸﻋ ﺙﻝﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﺩﻠﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﺸﻋ ﺔﺜﻝﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﺔﻨﺴﻝﺍ ) 1937 ( 12 617 ﻝﺍ ﺕﻨﺎﻜ ﻥﺇ ﹸﺔﻠﺠﻤ ﺔﻴﺴﻨﺭﻔﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻁﻠﺴﻝﺍ ﺕﺩﺸﺎﻨ ﺩﻗ ﹶﺔﻴﺭﺤﻝﺍ ﻝ ﺎﻬﻔﻴﻅﻭﺘ لﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ ، ﻠ ﺕﺎـﻤﻠﻜ : ) ﺔــﻴﺭﺤﻝﺍ -لﺩــﻌﻝﺍ -ﺓﻭــﺨﻷﺍ -ﻡﻼــﺴﻝﺍ ( ﺎــﻗﻭﻘﺤ لــﺜﻤﺘ ﺎــﻬﻨﻭﻜ ﺔﻴﻨﺎــﺴﻨﺇ ﺏﻌــﺸﻠﻝ ﻱﺭﺌﺍﺯﺠﻝﺍ ، ﺕﺍﺩﻠﺠﻤﻝﺎﻓ ) 11 -12 -13 ( ﻜﻝﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺎﻬﻨﻤ ﺕﻓﺫﺤ ﺩﻗ ﺱﻔﻨـﺒ ﺕﺭﺎـﺴ ﺎﻬﻨﻜﻝ ،ﺕﺎﻤﻠ ﺕﺎﻋﻭﻀﻭﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﻤﻷﺍ ﺎﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﻡﻭﻘﺘ ﻲﺘﻝﺍ ﻡﻝﺎﻌﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﺸﻨﺘﻭ ﻭﻋﺩﺘ . ﻝﺍ ﻲﻓﻭ ﺭﺸﻋ ﺙﻝﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﺩﻠﺠﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻥﻤﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﺀﺯﺠ ﺭﻴﻏ " ﺱﻴﺩﺎﺒ ﻥﺒﺍ " ﻩﺭﺎﻌﺸ : » لﺩﻌﻝﺍﻭ ﻕﺤﻝﺍ ﺓﺎﺨﺍﺅﻤﻝﺍﻭ ﺕﺎﺒﺠﺍﻭﻝﺍ ﻊﻴﻤﺠﺒ ﺍﻭﻤﺎﻗ ﻥﻴﺫﻠﻝ ﻕﻭﻘﺤﻝﺍ ﺀﺎﻁﻋﺇ ﻲﻓ « ) 1 ( ، ﺍﺭﺎﻌـﺸ ﻪـﻨﺎﻜﻤ ﻊـﻀﻭﻭ ﺍﺩﻴﺩﺠ : » ﺘﻨﻝﻭ ﺎﻨﺴﻔﻨﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ لﻭﻌﻨﻝ ﻭ ﷲﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ لﻜ « ) 2 ( ـﹸﺘ ﻥﻝ ﺎﺴﻨﺭﻓ ﻥﺃ ﻙﺭﺩﺃ ﺩﻘﻓ ، ﻤﺜ ﺩﻭـﻬﺠ ﻥ ) 1 ( ﻡ ،ﺏﺎﻬﺸﻝﺍ ﺔﻠﺠﻤ 5 ﺀﺯﺠ ، 1 ، ﻱﺭﻔﻴﻓ 1929 ﺹ ، : 1 . ) 2 ( ﻡ ،ﺏﺎﻬﺸﻝﺍ ﺔﻠﺠﻤ 13 ﺀﺯﺠ ، 8 ، 1937 ﺹ ، : 342 .