التخريج عند الفقهاء والأصوليين

Texte intégral

(1) 2010 9 ‫ א

(2) אא‬. 9 . = .

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(6) א א אאאא א‬ . . ‫ אא"א! א א א כא‬#‫

(7) א אאכ‬ ‫ כא‬4%&'‫*) ( א‬+ ‫כ‬6 ,‫ כ‬4123 :/‫א‬+ . %&'‫*א) ( א‬+ ,‫כ‬- & @<=‫ > א‬, ? ‫ &'א א‬4%&'‫*) ( א‬+ ‫א‬789‫ א‬: ;8- : /*+ ,‫כ‬ ( AB ,9‫ א‬A8C ‫אכ‬: %&': /* , =B ‫*א‬D ‫ כ‬E F " A3 '& ( 3 .A=: 2- %&'‫ א‬,K /‫*א‬+ ‫ &' א‬G‫א‬H- E IJ( %&'‫א‬ . /M‫(א ( א=*א‬N ‫א‬O7=: P‫ א‬Q‫כ אא‬6 ,K #(‫א‬RS‫א‬B /‫=א‬3 #+"*‫א‬ Abstract A malekia scientist was asked about the choises of latercomers as : Ellakhmi, had it been considered as opinions in the doctrine ? He said : yes، it had. This opinion is for consideration, because he belived that every answer was based on the malek's doctrine, and this owner, it considers as adjoining opinions . we refer in this paper the adoption of " takhrij " as an approach of advisory opinion in chaos. . . ‫א‬7:X‫*א א א‬8‫ א‬VW ‫ א‬: B T2>‫ א‬A(2 4U9‫ א‬: /* ‫ א‬P4(1) ‫*&א‬D ‫ א א‬#Z+ ‫ א‬: E*‫כ‬- ‫ א‬#789‫\ א‬B‫*א‬H‫ א‬YD 4E*8B‫א‬Z‫ א‬#[ ‫א‬ 4#789‫ א‬17( /W : 1&‫*א‬+ 4#[ ‫ א‬/* `a‫ אכ‬: A3B T2>‫ א‬A(2 417* 1&‫*א‬+ ,K U*D‫א‬B cD #2+‫ ( א‬1‫ כא;@ כ‬b 17-W2- . 17O&‫=א‬: U‫>א‬-‫א‬B.

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(11) ‫ א

(12) אא ‪2010 9‬‬. ‫‪10‬‬. ‫‪2‬א‪ V*J3 Y: :‬א [‪ #‬א‪2( 7O‬א‪8- 17‬א‪7)Q e : 17-‬א‬‫‬ ‫‪d‬‬ ‫‪ ,‬א‪2‬א‪ 3‬אא‪7=B #fB‬א‪ 4‬א‪+W2‬א! א ‪72O-‬א‪ 4‬אא(‪ Y‬א‪ ,K #Qg‬א '‬ ‫‪B‬כ א‪"h‬א ‪ G7B 417=:‬א**‪ ,K /‬א‪*8‬א א ‪*=B‬א ‪7‬א א כא;‪.‬‬ ‫ (‪ - 17‬א‪+W2‬א! א*‪ B cQ*D‬א‪7f>R U9‬א ‪ 2B‬א‪ 179‬א‪41Z‬‬ ‫א"א‪ #‬אא‪B #:‬א‪ /* *R ( 4!W2‬א‪*+ #:‬א ‪D‬א‪=: 4#2:‬א&‪. cQ: P‬‬ ‫‪ A=: <= 7D‬א**‪ ,K /‬כא; ‪7 i= 1‬א א‪:S‬א;‪ 1j 4‬אכ‪7 1‬א‬ ‫‬ ‫‪d‬‬ ‫‪*8B‬א‪. AO7=: , k : A( /W : 4‬‬ ‫) ‪ "8‬א‪: l8- , 7O‬א ‪: 4AK *>J‬א ‪B )K 4A=: %fm‬כ‪4#78( #‬‬ ‫‪7B ID‬א ‪ B‬א‪"h‬א א ‪7= U9 1j #Q‬א א‪+Wf3‬א ‪ :‬א‪*8‬א א *‪ 4/‬‬ ‫‪B‬א ‪8‬א א‪ 1j 4U9‬כ‪ ( , 1‬א=*א‪ /M‬א‪f‬א"[‪ #‬א‪fB" 4cOZ‬א ‪B‬‬ ‫א *‪ /‬א‪88- 4U9‬א ) א" א‪ : #2a‬אכ‪. 9‬‬ ‫(‬ ‫א‪'7B k‬א א‪ 47O: ;*79‬א‪ 4kn : 7O‬א‪ %>Z‬א'? ‪: 2O‬‬ ‫‪n‬‬ ‫‪o‬‬ ‫‪o‬‬ ‫א‪q‬א‪ p‬א‪ ( P‬א‪ 7O‬א‪>D‬א ‪-‬כ ( א‪89‬א! א*א‪. #‬‬ ‫ ‪. ! "#$‬‬ ‫* א> א&*? א‪ #8>f‬א‪s‬א‪8>C : #3‬א! א‪ :7O‬אכ=*‪P- : E‬‬ ‫א כא; ‪:K V*J3 ,‬א‪q 4(2)17:‬א" ‪ ( c&M *B AK‬א‪ #8>f‬א‪s‬א‪: #3‬‬ ‫א‪ #8>C :A*8B D‬א‪ ( D‬א‪Z‬א[ א ) "א‪7( #‬א א ‪%‬‬ ‫א'&‪.%‬‬ ‫* ‪6‬כ א‪ B‬א‪ uWJ‬א‪ #8>f‬א‪s‬א‪ : #3‬א‪ 7O‬א‪ E 9‬כ*‪ E‬אא‬ ‫‪B‬א‪> A89‬א ‪ /*B‬א‪ 4A89‬א"(א ‪ #QB‬א כא; ‪JB WJ9-‬א ‪ZB‬א[ א ‪#Z+‬‬ ‫א‪2‬א‪- 3‬א; א)"‪-‬א‪ ( Q‬א‪ P‬א) =>א‪+n p‬א ‪wB‬א‪: v‬א ‪A V*J=B x‬‬ ‫‪o‬‬ ‫)‪(4‬‬ ‫( ‪:K %&':‬א‪*+ A>&': /*B A:‬א )‪ 4(3‬א א‪ 7O: :B C*Z‬א‪P‬‬ ‫* ‪ o‬א‪ B‬א‪ ( 18‬א‪ #>-‬א‪s‬א‪*>J3 ( #3‬א ‪ :F*9 17Z93‬א‪7O‬‬ ‫א‪ : %&': ( 8‬א[‪.(5) AB 1‬‬ ‫כ א‪J‬א" ‪:‬א ‪:A( pa‬‬ ‫&‪: ) *

(13) '( & %‬‬. ‫ ‪ E‬כ*‪ E‬כא‪ :‬א‪ F*8‬א‪B 4#82‬א|א א‪=:g: 4W+‬א ‪ #2aB‬א‪6 4;W S‬כ ‪B‬א‪4Y>f‬‬ ‫‪B 2Z:‬א‪ #D"Q }*B ,K cf9‬א)‪7D‬א‪8: 179 , 4Q‬א אכ‪17( ,K J ;W‬‬ ‫

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(16) ‬.

(17) ‫‬ ‫ א

(18) אא ‪2010 9‬‬. ‫‪11‬‬. ‫‪"QK‬אכ ‪8:‬א א כא; א‪B `J: 4#a‬א‪2‬א‪ %=O: 4#‬אכ>א[ ‪Q‬א[א‪8: 4‬א‬ ‫א‪|J‬א[ ( א‪ %‬א *א‪2>: 4/‬א א>‪:X: #‬א א‪3 + 4#=Z‬א‪ "Q‬א|‪4#9‬‬ ‫‪ q‬א)‪>3‬א‪.‬‬ ‫‪:./

(19) '( & ,-‬‬. ‫א‪f - 17( , c"8‬א א‪a‬א"‪ U‬א‪B B2‬א|‪ #‬א‪ 4#B2‬אא ‪B‬א‪4Z9‬‬ ‫א >א" א‪&3‬א אכ‪7 1‬א‪: 4‬א ‪*B‬א‪ Y+‬א‪DS‬א‪*: 4U‬א‪ YR‬א‪8‬א‬ ‫כ‪9‬א! א=< א) )‪: 4/‬א ‪ vfB‬א[ א) =>א‪ p‬א‪ : IJ‬א ‪. #Q‬‬ ‫א ‪8>C : #8>C kn‬א! א‪D"Q : #D"Q 47O‬א! א‪: 49‬‬ ‫‪o‬‬ ‫‪*J‬א! א‪73 F*9‬א ‪ |B |-‬א‪:X‬א‪ E‬אכא‪ E‬א *א‪'7 4/‬א (‪B) A3w‬‬ ‫‪B |a‬א‪ : P‬א‪B 12‬א‪. GW‬‬ ‫ ‪:4 5 & .5 67* & .

(20) 01& 2

(21) 3/‬‬. ‫‪Z‬א (‪ 8‬א`)‪ v( 4(6‬א‪ B‬א‪B‬‬ ‫א)‪9-‬א‪ 4v‬כ ‪:‬א ‪1‬‬ ‫א)‪on T83 GW‬‬ ‫‬ ‫‪ B‬א‪ GW‬א)‪( 4GW‬א ‪ : Q , =B‬א‪ 4GW‬א‪: :GW‬א) ‪4A Q‬‬ ‫‪ %&6‬א‪7‬א‪ E ,K ?*3‬א‪ /*8‬א‪8: ( u*D‬א‪ #B‬אא‪,Z ) GW ID‬‬ ‫א‪(W‬א‪ l8 4‬א‪:S‬א; א‪a‬א‪ ( >C‬א‪7=B v9‬א)‪ 4(7‬א'? ‪=& A=23‬א ‪:‬א כא‪( E‬‬ ‫‪8:‬א‪ #B‬אא‪ : ID‬כ‪: E 4u*D: Q 1‬א ) ‪B A9 A Q‬א>‪ EWf‬‬ ‫א‪Z9‬א‪ x . , Q‬כ ‪2-‬א" ‪ *+ B‬א‪(W‬א ‪88‬א)‪.(8‬‬ ‫א‪ ( GW‬א‪ # U9‬א‪ ) Y+‬כ ‪3K‬כא"@ ‪<3‬א )‪ GW‬א‪c*+ ( /*82‬‬ ‫א) =>א‪792R p‬א‪"QK 4‬אכ א ‪"QK ; #Q‬אכ‪7‬א‪ u*R* 4‬א‪2‬א‪7R* 3‬א‪4‬‬ ‫א'? ‪ Z9‬א=‪ i‬א‪ *& a‬א‪ Q ( 82‬א|‪ 4#‬א=א ( &'א ‪9:‬א‪.E*-‬‬ ‫ ‪ #2‬א‪ ;*2‬א‪ #a‬א *‪7 `+‬א א) =>א‪Q : Y * p‬א[‪ c‬א‪4GW‬‬ ‫‪g‬כ ‪ 4A*+ #‬א‪ ? X=- E #‬כ‪B ` 1‬א‪ GW‬א>

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(24) f + 1‬א‪ ; A‬א‪: WO3‬א ‪A( 2f‬‬ ‫‪ :‬א ‪ ) 4#Q‬כ*‪ E‬כ'כ = ‪ A-*8 , WQ ;8 + 4‬א‪8‬א‪Q‬‬ ‫‪ ,K %&' ( 4 `2R‬כ‪: x‬א ‪> "*7< AK %&6‬א = ‪1‬‬ ‫‪.| IH‬‬‫אכ‪ ( 1‬כ ‪6‬כ ‪+‬א‪ #B‬א א ‪ AK %&6‬כ א‪.1‬‬ ‫‬ ‫‬ ‫

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(28) 2010 9 ‫ א

(29) אא‬. 12. ‫ כא‬,‫א‬2- A3‫@ (א >א‬#‫א‬D‫ א‬#q # \B‫*א‬H‫א א‬Qh‫א; א‬X‫א‬ ö κå ]÷ ΒÏ M Ν | ¡ ó 9© $èY ‹u © Ï #( θΡç %.x ρu Ν ö κå ]s ƒŠÏ #( θ%è § ùs  t % Ï !© #$ β ¨ )Î : /* ‫א[ א‬82‫ ( א‬GW)‫; א‬6 (#θΡç θ3 ä ?s ω Ÿ ρu . :‫א‬H /‫א‬+ 4(9) βt θ=è èy ø ƒt #( θΡç %.x $ÿo 3Ï Νκå ♦ã 6mÎ ⊥t ƒã Ν§ Oè ! « #$ ’<n )Î Ν ö δ è á Βø &r $! ϑ y Ρ¯ )Î 4 >  ó « x ’ûÎ. .(10) ΟÒ ŠàÏ ãt > ë #‹ x ã t Ν ö λç ;m 7 y ×Í ≈¯ 9s ρ' &é ρu 4 M à ≈Ψo !iÉ 6t 9ø #$ Λæ ε è u %! ` y $Βt ‰ Ï è÷ /t  . ΒÏ #( θ à =n Ft z ÷ #$ ρu #( θ%è § x ?s  t % Ï !© %$ .x. 4E*‫ ( אכ‬,‫א‬2- A-‫ א‬: # 4#3‫א‬Z3K c&‫ א‬GW‫ א‬EB F #7D : "+ o ’ûÎ β ¨ )Î 4 /ö 3 ä ΡÏ ≡θu 9ø &r ρu Ν ö 6 à GÏ Ψo ¡ Å 9ø &r # ß ≈=n GÏ z ÷ #$ ρu Ú Ç ‘ö { F #$ ρu N Ï ≡θu ≈ϑ y ¡ ¡ 9#$ , ß =ù z y µÏ GÏ ≈ƒt #u  ô ΒÏ ρu :,‫א‬2- /‫א‬+ Ÿωρu ( οZ ‰ y n Ï ≡ρu πZ Β¨ &é ¨ } $Ζ¨ 9#$ ≅ Ÿ èy gp :m 7 y /• ‘u u $! © x θö 9s ρu . :‫א‬H /‫א‬+(11) .. tϑ Ï =Î ≈èy =ù 9jÏ M ; ≈ƒt ψ U 7 y 9Ï ≡Œs.  š  Ï =Î Gt ƒø Χè β t θ9ä #“t ƒt. (12). c"R 7<: ‫א‬...#82‫ א'כא אא"כ א‬179‫ א‬12‫ ( א‬GW)‫(א‬ Y *‫ א‬4cB‫כא‬: "‫כא‬3K 4Q‫א‬7D)‫א‬B \>-: #2‫ א‬#3‫א‬Z3S‫ א‬c‫ א‬#:MW: # Q: 4(13) ‫א‬7B ‫ א‬%O # A2: :‫א‬2‫א א‬Q 4‫א‬7f>R %O #2"6 A( :#Z ‫ >א‬,K GW‫א‬ . /*82‫ א‬GW‫ א‬:‫א‬7. .(\B‫*א‬R 4‫*א‬+ 4V*J3) ‫א‬73:4#a‫*; א‬2‫ א‬#2 :‫א‬73‫א‬j .(!‫א‬Q‫א‬2‫ א‬G‫ )א א‬#

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(37) q‬א ‪9‬א א‪ #B2‬א‪: 4#‬א ‪ 2‬כ א ‪9‬א ‪ :‬א=‪Z‬‬ ‫א‪ :*3 ID‬א ‪ 4*D* :‬א=‪ 41 7‬א‪ #|J‬אא‪*3 ;*2 #‬‬ ‫‪6‬כ‪: 4‬א ‪'& k‬א א=\ ‪ )K‬כ*‪ E‬א‪8‬א ‪ > #O‬א*א ‪9‬א!‬ ‫א‪.7O‬‬ ‫

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(40) ‬.

(41) ‫‪14‬‬. ‫ א

(42) אא ‪2010 9‬‬. ‫א‪ 1Z8‬א‪s‬א‪*+ : 3‬א כ‪ #D #78( #‬כ‪ cs‬א‪ #< Q2‬א‪, #a: Q‬‬ ‫ א" א‪ Ua‬כ‪ 4A‬כ ‪+‬א‪ : c‬א‪ : U9‬א‪: #2a‬א ) ‪' 1 4,J‬כ‬ ‫‪7=:‬א ‪ /* ( q‬א‪ EK A89‬א‪ 89-‬א‪qS‬א"‪=& AK c‬אכ ‪ > ,‬א‪DS‬א‪8>( /‬‬ ‫‪ '& 4 J 1 AJ9‬א‪*8‬א ‪ ( #7:‬א‪ #< A89‬א=‪: ,K Y9‬א ‪+‬א‪.(15)/‬‬‫‪+‬א‪ EK : YR*: ( /‬א‪*8‬א ‪ /* ( #>*Z: Z‬א‪#2a B A89‬‬ ‫‪*+‬א כ‪D cs‬א = [‪ #‬א‪ F*9‬א‪789‬א ) *‪ ( %D‬כ‪ /* %‬א‪.(16)W A89‬‬ ‫‪6K‬א ‪=8+Q‬א א=< ( ‪*+‬א א *‪*+ /‬א א‪= A89‬א ‪+( E‬א ‪X- c‬‬ ‫‪7=B‬א ‪7=:‬א‪:‬‬ ‫‪*+ EK 1‬א א *‪3K /‬א ‪B l2-‬א ‪9‬א ‪7-))Q‬א ‪ ,‬א כא; ( א‪%‬‬ ‫ *א‪7‬א‪: 4‬א ‪*+‬א א‪B l2( A89‬א כא; ‪6‬א‪7-‬א‪.‬‬ ‫‪*+ EK 2‬א א *‪3K /‬א ‪ vC 7O \>H 2R‬א) =>א‪ p‬א )‪A‬‬ ‫‪=: A89 1 -‬א&‪ P‬א>‪ e‬א=< ( א א‪ k‬א כא; אכ‪ : #‬א ‪#Q‬‬ ‫א‪DS‬א‪: 4#‬א ‪*+‬א א‪3w( A89‬א ‪-‬א‪ \B Q‬א‪Z‬א[ א‪ #9‬א ‪*B‬א ‪BB‬א‪p‬‬ ‫‪B" :‬א‪ p‬א &* אכ‪ 1‬א'? ‪ 8‬א‪8‬א‪.AD c‬‬ ‫‪*+ EK 3‬א א *‪3K /‬א ‪7 =>-‬א א כא; א‪DS‬א‪78C #‬א ‪\>=Z‬‬ ‫א‪ A89‬כא; א‪Z‬א[ א‪ : #[XO‬א ‪ #Q‬א‪: .#J9‬א ‪*+‬א א‪3w( A89‬א ‪7B 2-‬א‬ ‫ כא; א*א‪ Q‬א‪a‬א‪- + #7B‬כ*‪7 W E‬א‪.‬‬ ‫‪*+ EK 4‬א א *‪*B ( c"*J: /‬א א *‪*: /‬א‪Z: A2R‬א[‪: 4A‬א‬ ‫‪*+‬א א‪ cQ: c"*J: Z 7( A89‬א‪ & B Q2‬כ‪D cs‬א ‪( c"*s=:‬‬ ‫כ‪ %‬א‪ A89‬א‪2‬א; א‪ YD = F*9‬א'א&‪ ,K YO- 1 4%‬א‪CK ( Eh‬א" א ‪.‬‬ ‫‪*+ EK 5‬א א *‪6K /‬א א‪73*H: , l9-‬א ) ‪7=: ,=sZ‬א ‪*+ 7( q‬א‬ ‫כ‪ cQf: #‬כ‪*8‬א א‪.GW WB #B2‬‬ ‫ ‪:‬א ‪*+‬א א‪ Y: 7( A89‬א)‪9-‬א‪ E*H: , v‬כ‪7=: s‬א ‪ : ,=sZ‬כ ‪7=:‬א‬ ‫‪Z:‬א[ ‪-‬א` כ‪ 1‬א‪8‬א‪ : %>ZB c‬א >א כא) ‪=s‬א ‪B‬א=‪ i‬א‪DS‬א‪ /‬‬ ‫א‪6 c"H‬כ ‪> :‬א א) ‪=s‬א 'כ ‪7 lf‬א כ‪73B Es‬א ‪*+‬א‬ ‫ >‪ #‬כ‪ ) #s‬כ‪.cQf: #‬‬ ‫‪ u*R Y:‬א‪ B v9‬א‪*8‬א א *‪ #‬א‪*8‬א א‪*+ O3 8( #789‬א‬ ‫‪a:‬כ‪ B #‬א‪ 2‬כ ‪7( `-‬א ‪M‬א‪ #‬א=<@ ‪ EK e‬א‪8‬א‪ c‬א *‪#‬‬. ‫

(43) =


(45) ‬.

(46) ‫‬ ‫ א

(47) אא ‪2010 9‬‬. ‫‪15‬‬. ‫=< ‪7K‬א ‪ e :‬כ*‪73‬א ‪DK WQ‬אא ‪ A=: \>=Z‬כ‪ 1‬כ‪ 4‬א‪8‬א‪ c‬א‪#789‬‬ ‫אכ‪7K <= #‬א ‪ e :‬כ*‪73‬א כא ‪[XD‬א ‪2( : 29‬א‪ /‬אכ‪.9‬‬ ‫(‪+ Ws‬א‪ ) :c‬א)‪7D‬א‪B AsB T8= ) Q‬א)‪7D‬א‪7K <= (Q‬א א * ‪:‬‬ ‫ ‪ e‬כ*‪73‬א ‪B ( A 2 WQ‬א‪*D ; E‬א‪ T83 M‬כא; א‪H8‬א‪( c‬א‪F‬‬ ‫א‪6K 9‬א ‪7B 82-‬א א כא; ‪ > ,‬א‪ ;*2‬א‪DS‬א‪./‬‬ ‫=< ‪7K‬א א‪2( : 2( 2- e : A89‬א‪ /‬אכ‪ >( 9‬כ‪: A‬‬ ‫‪7W‬א‪6w( 4‬א כ‪ 1‬אכ‪+ 1‬א ‪ T8=B‬כ‪7( 7O: #Z: ( 1‬א כא‪ & Y‬‬ ‫&* (‪ + 4vWC 82 Z‬כא‪ E‬כ‪ 1‬אכ‪7=2B #Z: ( 1‬א ‪ EB‬א‪Z( Y‬‬ ‫ ‪D‬א‪ M‬א‪ , 82‬א‪72 c :‬א ‪7DM‬א ‪jWj‬א ‪D 1j 48C 2B‬א אכ‪"( 1‬א‪Q‬‬ ‫א‪ B l9‬א‪ E F A3 @DX‬א‪8( vWC Y‬א‪6 M*O ) :A /‬כ ‪E‬‬ ‫א)‪7D‬א‪.AsB T8= ) Q‬‬ ‫כ כ ( ‪a: F #Z:‬א‪- E #7B‬כ‪7( 1‬א ‪B‬א‪7D‬א‪Q‬כ ) ‪T8=- E‬‬ ‫ ככ כ‪ 1‬כ ( ‪ #Z:‬א‪7D‬א‪ 4#J3 ) #Q‬כ ‪, )*+ k- E‬‬ ‫‪:‬א ‪ +‬א‪+Wf3‬א ‪ :‬א‪*8‬א‪B 4‬א>א" א‪ZBW‬א! ‪.‬‬ ‫(כ‪ U( : s‬א [‪3K 417* #‬א & ‪Z: #D:‬א[‪ 17‬א‪ .#9‬כא‬ ‫‪o‬‬ ‫ ‪ ( #D: 17* D E‬א*א‪Z: Y+‬א[‪ 17‬א‪.#9‬‬ ‫‪o‬‬ ‫‪: 8 /‬‬. ‫‪ #7D :‬א|‪ *& : #‬א=‪9‬א‪ : 6‬א‪ a‬א<‪ E @"*7‬א‪93 # P‬א‪U9 6‬‬ ‫‪7K 4AQ :‬א" ‪ E 2B A‬כא‪9: E‬א (‪*B 4A‬א ‪ #f‬א‪*8‬א א *‪. (17)#‬‬ ‫= א‪789‬א א‪=2: j‬א א) =>א‪ AB E A3*8f 4p‬א>א ‪::‬‬ ‫א ‪ P- :/‬א‪ , U9‬א *‪./‬‬ ‫א‪s‬א‪ P- :3‬א‪ , U9‬א‪.U9‬‬ ‫‪ P- 1‬א‪ , U9‬א‪ :U9‬א *‪*+ /‬א‪ 4‬א‪ U9‬כא; ‪4#‬‬ ‫‪7Q : #f>=Z:‬א א‪ P( 4#J9‬א‪ , U9‬א *‪ 4/‬א =>א‪ p‬א כא;‬ ‫א‪ #a‬א‪7Q : #2‬א א‪*B 4#J9‬א ‪ #f‬א‪*8‬א א *‪.(18)#‬‬ ‫‪ P- 2‬א‪ : U9‬א‪'& G2 :U9‬א א=*‪ : U‬א‪B 4P‬א‪, P‬‬ ‫‪ i3‬א‪:S‬א;‪ 83 A3B" G + 4‬כ‪: ,K #Z: 1‬א ‪77>a‬א‪ 4‬א‪7=B #*Z‬א (‪ "A‬‬ ‫ ‪ A3‬א א‪ k‬כ‪ #*J=: F #Z: : #Z: 1‬א‪:S‬א;)‪.(19‬‬ ‫

(48) =


(50) ‬.

(51) ‫‪16‬‬. ‫ א

(52) אא ‪2010 9‬‬. ‫‪j 1Z+‬א‪=B *& :e‬א א *‪ , /‬א‪: *& 4U9‬א ‪ ,Z‬א א ‪*& x‬‬ ‫א =>א‪ p‬א‪*8‬א א *‪ #‬א ‪7B uJ 1‬א א‪:S‬א; ‪ /W :‬א‪ U9‬א=‪.A= #*8‬‬ ‫‪ : 9 :; ! 4& < =5

(53) 1‬כ‪ %‬א‪ : U9‬א‪f‬א‪ M‬א‪2‬א ) כ‪2B 9‬‬ ‫א‪Z‬א[ א‪ P7=: , #==8- #8fB #789‬א‪J‬א!@ ‪ \B- B‬א‪7*B U9‬א‬ ‫‪ :‬כא =‪DK #‬א‪+ U‬א‪6 4‬כ ‪ :‬א‪*8‬א א *‪ 4#‬א‪ #8>f‬א>‪c2‬‬ ‫ א‪ O‬א‪./O‬‬ ‫‪ :‬א‪*8‬א א *‪ #‬א‪B #82‬א‪J‬א‪ "Q‬א‪7 l9‬א‪ #O 4‬א‪8‬א‪4c‬‬ ‫א‪B #82‬א‪ "J‬א ‪ *& /‬אכא‪Z: 4‬א[ א=‪ & s: 4Z‬א‪X‬א‪ , cQ‬א=‪i‬‬ ‫‪( . ) ; Z3‬א=‪ E ,K E*>&' #9‬א‪X‬א‪ , cQ‬א=‪ 4paB Z3 i‬א‪"*7O‬‬ ‫א‪6 ( 173*9‬כ‪ ( 4‬א‪. J9- #Z‬‬ ‫‪ :‬א‪ U9‬א א‪ '& , =>3‬א‪8‬א‪ 4c‬א‪ ( 17(W‬א‪H8‬א ‪B‬א‪a‬א&‬ ‫א*א =‪ T2B ( A‬א‪ v*8‬א ‪*:‬א‪.(20)/‬‬ ‫≅ ‪.(21) βÈ $?s &r +z ∆ö #$ ρu‬‬ ‫_ ×‬ ‫‪ã t ùs ‬‬ ‫_ ‪È ÷ =n‬‬ ‫‪ã ‘u $Ρt θ3‬‬ ‫‪ä ƒt Ν‬‬ ‫(‪Z- #9= *B‬כ ‪2- A*8B‬א‪ö 9© β*Î ùs :,‬‬ ‫ ‪ %D‬א)‪J+‬א" ‪ ,‬א'כ*" ( א‪ e 4E 8‬א‪> B‬א "‪ R‬א =‪7‬א‪4‬‬ ‫ ‪ E » :‬א=> ‪ ,‬א ‪q B ,H+ 1 A‬א& «)‪D 6K (22‬א ‪ GWB‬א=‪i‬‬ ‫ ‪ E‬א‪7| 8=- 1 #H8‬א (‪6 Ew‬כ‬ ‫ ‪ : 1n‬א‪B A( u8‬א א‪o 4A<9 /‬‬ ‫א‪ 3 8‬‬ ‫‪M‬א‪ , cQ‬א=‪ 4i‬א‪X‬א‪ , cQ‬א=‪ 4Z3 i‬א=‪ ) Z‬כ*‪>B E‬א" א‪ h‬א‪.Q‬‬ ‫ ‪:‬א א‪ E*>8( "*7O‬א‪a‬א& ‪ Y:‬א ( א ‪*:‬א‪ E E 4/‬א‪X‬א‪ , cQ‬א=‪i‬‬ ‫) ‪-‬כ*‪Z3 E‬א ( כ א*א‪'& 4YR‬א ‪ :‬א*א‪ YR‬א ) ‪-‬כ*‪7( E‬א ‪Z3‬א‪.‬‬ ‫(א‪ B GW‬א‪ "*7O‬א=‪ ( #9‬א‪H8‬א ‪aB‬א& ‪+ , =>:‬א‪c‬‬ ‫)‪(23‬‬ ‫ *‪ :& #‬א‪X‬א‪ , cQ‬א=‪. ) ; Z3 & & i‬‬ ‫א` & א *‪ ( /‬א=‪6K Z‬א "‪ l8 ,: 4Q‬כ‪ , A‬אכ` ‬ ‫"‪ ,K Q‬א=> ‪ ,K A*B‬אכ` ‪ %&6 .(24) .‬א‪8‬א‪,K ,2 *B R‬‬ ‫ ‪ E‬א=א ‪6K‬א ‪ > 1 /X3‬אכ` (‪ W‬כ*‪Z3 E‬א ( ‪ *& 4A8‬א& ‪%&':‬‬ ‫ ‪:K %&6 AK‬א; א‪ :‬א|‪X‬א ( א‪ ,9JZ‬א‪ B‬אא‪( %D‬‬ ‫א=‪ /*+ *& 4,7‬א‪.(25)"*7O‬‬. ‫

(54) =


(56) ‬.

(57) ‫‬ ‫ א

(58) אא ‪2010 9‬‬. ‫‪17‬‬. ‫‪ %&6‬א>‪ >s A3 ,K T2‬א=‪ A|> 1 : l ( Z‬א=א ‪EJ8 4‬‬ ‫‪'B‬כ ‪ ;X‬א‪H8‬א‪'B 4‬כ ‪+‬א‪ *B /‬א‪f‬א‪ T2B %&': *& 4‬א‪a‬א(‪+ AB #2‬א‪/‬‬ ‫א‪a‬א‪ ( ?M‬א>‪ ( A= YD" cJ‬א‪.(26)Y‬‬ ‫"‪Q‬א ‪ #Z: ,K‬א=‪ Z‬א‪ #Z: 4#:8‬א‪ ( GW‬א*כ ‪6K‬א ‪2B GJ-‬‬ ‫‪'B 12 1 4AX‬כ‪8( .‬א*א ‪ ,‬א‪ EB /*8‬כ‪ 1‬א=‪|>= Q" ;M) Z‬‬ ‫ ‪2( H- ) E‬א‪ 2B A‬א‪6 A|> 1 EK 4#X2‬כ‪ , .‬א‪ /*8‬א‪s‬א‪- 3‬כ*‪2( E‬א‪A‬‬ ‫‪:‬א‪: #R‬א ‪ A|>- 1‬א‪.#X2‬‬ ‫‪B‬א‪s‬א‪+ 3‬א‪ & T2B /‬א‪2‬א‪ 4v‬אכ‪ #‬א‪a‬א(‪6 ( #2‬כ ‪+(27)4E)*+‬‬ ‫‪ ( 83‬א‪9‬א‪ F‬א‪ #=7‬א=‪ ( WJ9- #9‬א‪+ 1j 4#Z‬א‪AX EK » :/‬‬ ‫א*כ ‪ *& AX , 7q‬א[‪B >O 1 %‬א‪ 4/X2= ) /X2‬כ*‪E‬‬ ‫‪ >+ A(J‬א‪ 2B 12‬א‪ /X2‬כ‪ >+ A(J‬א‪ YD ( /X2‬א כא;« )‪.(28‬‬‫(‪ /X #Z‬א*כ ‪ ,K A*B ; 4Z3 , #=>: A >+‬אכ`‪.‬‬ ‫‪2‬א ( &' א‪ F #Q #Z‬א‪8‬א‪ c‬א‪Z‬א‪.#8B‬‬ ‫ ‪:‬א ‪=B‬א א‪ , U9‬א *‪ /‬א>‪ #2‬א` (‪7‬א ‪ B‬א‪2‬א‪( GWW( 4‬‬ ‫‪ T2B‬א ‪ #Q‬א>א‪ Q‬א‪ , j #2a‬א‪- : 4U9‬כ א‪*8‬א א) ‪O‬א‪: k‬‬ ‫‪B‬א'"א[‪ Y‬א) ‪J‬א א‪ G2‬א‪J‬א‪ I‬א ‪& #‬א &' ‪ T2B‬א ‪#s:‬‬ ‫א*‪: #R‬‬ ‫ ‪:>?(1%‬‬ ‫&=אכ ‪Z:‬א[ ‪ c‬א‪ , =>3‬א ' ‪'7B‬א א> א‪7=: 2a‬א‪:‬‬ ‫‪: ,K ,- : 1‬א ‪* O 1‬א *‪8( A=: R‬א‪O3 2 AZ93 ( /‬א ‪#‬‬ ‫ ‪ 4A Q" E >+ A( f8‬א‪ : Y=:‬א‪7f‬א"‪B x » :AB c‬א‪ u‬א"‪ k‬‬ ‫א) >א א @ ‪ E‬א א‪7f‬א"‪ ; c‬א‪*f‬א"‪ 4‬א ‪J‬א &'א כא‪12‬‬ ‫א'? < ‪.(29) «A=: q A( \8Z 1 A3 A=:‬‬ ‫‪ >D 2‬א>= א>כ ‪ ,‬א‪X‬א‪ i k‬א‪Bh‬א‪: 4‬א &‪ : 1‬א א (‪W‬‬ ‫כ*‪ >D E‬א>= א>כ ‪ EK‬כא‪'& 4# 3‬א ‪ ,‬א‪ ( "*7a‬א'&‪= %‬‬ ‫אאכ‪6K 4#‬א כא‪ 3‬א>= |‪.c‬‬. ‫

(59) =


(61) ‬.

(62) ‫ א

(63) אא ‪2010 9‬‬. ‫‪18‬‬. ‫ ‪:‬א ‪6K‬א ‪ |B‬א>כ ‪ : D‬א‪ |J‬א'? כא‪9 E‬א ‪ >O‬א ‪7‬א‪Ew( 4‬‬ ‫‪ >D‬א ‪7‬א ‪j‬א‪ = B‬אאכ‪ = @#‬א‪a‬א(‪ #2‬א ‪J‬א‪B‬א א א‪6 : A l9-‬כ‪4‬‬ ‫א ‪B >j‬א ‪ >+‬א>*})‪.(30‬‬ ‫ ‪:@7#A 1‬‬ ‫&'א א> ‪Z: c A =B‬א[ (‪ 4#‬א‪ = #‬אאכ‪: #‬‬ ‫‪: %&': 1‬אכ ( ‪ cW‬א‪=O‬א‪ ( cM‬א‪ OZ‬א=‪B J8 4Y‬א=‪=& Y‬א אכא&‪.#‬‬ ‫‪ ,‬א‪C A3B /*8‬א&)א(‪ 4‬כ*‪ AD E‬א=‪ A( Y‬א‪O9= W

(64) #2"' #‬‬ ‫‪ /* " : + 4q A=:‬א ‪ ,‬א ‪> %=O3 E 1 A‬א‪=3‬א ‪O:‬א‪=3‬א‬ ‫א‪Z‬א‪+ 4D‬א*א &'א ‪ A=: - E #9‬א=‪O‬א ‪+ #‬א‪ /‬אא‪'& » : ?"M‬א ‪: g‬א‬ ‫‪=7D‬א ‪ AB‬א‪ #‬א'"‪.(31) « #2‬‬ ‫‪6 : 2‬כ ‪ :‬א *‪ , /‬א ‪7B6 2B A& [W+ >J E 1 A‬א@‬ ‫‪ : 2a‬א&א ‪73‬א &?‪7>Z( 4‬א ‪ ,‬א*‪ AD‬א'? =>|‪+ 4‬א‪ T2B /‬א‪2‬א ‪3K‬א‬ ‫‪73‬א ‪ E‬כ ‪7=:‬א &* &‪ A8(" A‬א‪Z E #2"' #‬א& ( ‪&3‬א ‪ >+‬א‪.(32)A3‬‬ ‫(‪3 '7‬א‪7 l9: /* , D U9 k6‬א ‪7( `:‬א‪.‬‬ ‫‪:4& < ! 4& < 2‬‬ ‫א‪Z‬א[ א‪ #789‬א=‪ #*8‬א [‪ #‬א‪ 7O‬א ‪ ?*-‬א‪7D‬א‪Q‬א‪H+ 17-‬א[‪17‬‬ ‫(אא&‪ EaB 1‬כא; א*א‪ 4Y+‬א‪a‬א‪ :‬כ ‪:‬א ‪ a‬א‪ c‬א=א ‪(J-‬א‪,K 17-‬‬ ‫‪ F:‬א ‪ #=:M‬א‪*3 - 8( 4"*J2‬א‪* /M‬א‪ ( Q‬א‪2‬א‪ !W:‬א‪(J‬א! ‪1‬‬ ‫כ ( `‪' 4‬א ‪>- 1&':W- : 1&2B : O‬א‪ ,K 17‬א א‪" k‬א‬‫[‪- ( 17‬כ א*‪+‬א[‪ Y‬א=*א‪&X 4/M‬א ‪73 , 17K‬א ‪- :‬א‪ 17j‬א=‪417= /*8‬‬ ‫&'א א=*‪ : U‬א)‪7D‬א‪ Q‬א‪Q 2D P‬א א‪B P2- A89‬א‪Z‬א[ א‪"h‬א א‪#789‬‬ ‫א=‪ #[ ,K #B*Z‬א'א&‪.%‬‬ ‫&'א א=*‪ : U‬א) =>א‪=B ,Z p‬א א‪ , U9‬א‪ U9‬א‪i3 , P‬‬ ‫א‪:S‬א;‪ 4‬א‪ P‬כא כ*‪ V*J3 E‬א‪:S‬א;‪ + 4‬כ*‪2( E‬א‪8- A‬א‪A-‬‬ ‫‪6‬כ ‪B‬א‪8‬א ‪7‬א ‪7*Q‬א ( *‪7:‬א ‪H8:‬א&א‪ 4‬א‪*3 P‬א‪.c U‬‬ ‫ ) ! ‪2- i= : ! 5‬א"` כ‪ = cs‬א * א'?‬ ‫‪=7‬א &=א ‪ 173‬כ*‪ V*J3 E‬א [‪O: #‬א&א ‪( EJ8 173‬‬ ‫

(65) =


(67) ‬.

(68) ‫‬ ‫ א

(69) אא ‪2010 9‬‬. ‫‪19‬‬. ‫‪: ? A i3 1&>2‬א ‪9B A /Q‬א א ‪: A( 4#‬א ‪A /Q‬‬‫‪B‬א‪f‬א‪ #8B‬א‪ H‬א)‪X‬א;)‪. (33‬‬ ‫‪ P- :‬א‪ i3 , U9‬א‪:S‬א; ‪ k‬אאכ‪( #‬א ‪ V*J3 :‬א‪:S‬א;‪4‬‬ ‫א=‪ + i‬כ*‪ : E‬כ‪ ;W‬א‪:S‬א; כ‪*+‬א‪: /‬אכ ( א*‪: 4C‬א ‪A-':W- A= A83‬‬ ‫( א‪& #3‬א ‪ :‬אא ‪6 #s: :‬כ‪:‬‬ ‫‪: 1‬א "? ‪:‬אכ ‪+ A3‬א‪ ( /‬א‪ , IZ‬א‪ 8( 4IZ: ) :9‬א =>\‬ ‫‪ T2B A=:‬אאכ‪*D ; #‬א‪ M‬א‪ , IZ‬א‪ ( 9‬א‪ H‬א‪A 49Z‬‬ ‫א>‪ A3 , T2‬אא" ( ‪ AZ93‬א‪= A3 ) #‬כ ‪*D‬א‪( 4(34)M‬אאכ‪E)*+ 17 #‬‬ ‫( &' א‪O- #Z‬א ‪ i3‬א‪:S‬א;‪.‬‬ ‫‪+ 2‬א‪: /‬אכ ( א‪: )K O3 1 EK» :#3‬א (‪ A‬א=‪O‬א ‪ #‬א‪*& cZ‬‬ ‫‪ ' 4« 1 A3K +‬א>‪<B T2‬א& &* ‪ /*+‬א‪a‬א(‪+ 2‬א‪ /‬א>‪ T2‬א‪A3K : h‬‬ ‫‪ ) AB R* :=2 «1 » : A*+‬כ ) ‪ A3‬כ‪.(35)#D A‬‬ ‫‪j‬א‪3‬א‪:‬‬. ‫ !‬. ‫‪:BA CD% E F G! CH ,‬‬. ‫‪:‬א ‪ vfB # A‬א‪ P‬א ‪8‬א " ? א‪:S‬א; ‪'& 4A>&': ;M) :‬א ‪QQ: :‬‬ ‫= א * ‪J: R k" E B‬א‪ ;M) "Q‬א'&‪B %‬אא "‪ R k‬א‪XO‬‬ ‫א'? ‪ ) ;8-‬א‪ , P‬א=‪ : A3 @( i‬א‪ vf‬א ‪ ( Y>-‬א‪. P‬‬ ‫)‪ ;M‬א'&‪ = %‬א * ‪ , lf‬א‪ & 4#=2: #‬א‪: #‬א ‪6K‬א ‪G2 1‬‬ ‫‪ ( /*+ 7O‬א‪ 4#Z‬כ ‪&<3 ( /*+ A G‬א‪ 1 Ew( 4‬כ ‪ B‬א‪Z‬‬ ‫(‪ v‬א>‪( 4#‬א<א& ‪ E‬כ*‪ F K ( A*+ E‬א‪ ( )*+ Z‬א ‪.(36)F‬‬ ‫‪ ;M) "* :‬א'&‪ %‬א) )‪B /‬א‪ 4;MW‬כ‪ A93 : /Z E‬‬ ‫א=‪>jK , H8‬א! א ‪>jK : 4‬א! &א ‪ : 4 93 ,‬כ‪A‬‬ ‫‪B‬א‪ YR ,

(70) q B ;MW‬אא (‪ pq l‬א‪O: ( #‬א‪ /‬א כא;‬ ‫א‪ 4#a‬כא‪ B #:MW‬א=‪O‬א ‪ #‬א‪6w( 1‬א ‪

(71) q ; 1‬א ‪ P=Z3‬א‪; /*8‬‬ ‫)‪(37‬‬ ‫‪O3‬א ‪& A‬כ'א…‬ ‫כא ‪ ;M) lf‬א'&‪ , %‬א) )‪ , /‬א‪ Q*D*B a‬א‪ A‬כא) )‪/‬‬ ‫‪ E ,‬א*‪ , ?Qg A3 @9B x 93 -‬אא ‪ E ( *( 4(38)#‬א‪?8‬‬ ‫ ‪Q‬א ‪ ,‬אא ‪*O u #‬א‪6 M‬כ@ (‪6 : ;X A3w‬כ ‪ E‬כ*‪x A>&': E‬‬ ‫‪6 49B‬כ א ‪ E G‬א ‪Q‬א ‪ ,‬אא &* ‪ :‬א‪ #‬א=*א( )‪.(39‬‬ ‫

(72) =


(74) ‬.

(75) ‫‪20‬‬. ‫ א

(76) אא ‪2010 9‬‬. ‫ ( )‪ ;M‬א'&‪ %‬א) )‪B /‬א=‪ , #O‬א=‪&2B P‬א ‪; ,‬‬ ‫א=‪6w( 4P‬א ‪+‬א‪ /‬א‪ EK A89‬א>‪ 9 ) Y‬אכ (‪'& ,=2‬א ‪=& 82=: A3‬אכ‬ ‫*" ‪ ;MW F‬א'&‪- %‬א‪<: ( YD‬א‪73‬א)‪ : .(40‬א ‪7 #s:‬א ‪:‬‬ ‫‪ Q*O 1‬א‪*B x cW‬א‪ %D‬א` (‪o 2( . #= ; #H( *& & A‬‬ ‫א‪8‬א‪ > R‬א*&א ‪H( :‬א[ א‪+ 4cWJ‬א‪ : /‬אאכ‪+ 4#= A3K :#‬א*א‪:‬‬ ‫‪: A>a- : #= A3. 8Z‬אכ ‪K‬א ( א‪ cWJB #3‬א‪=O‬א‪ ( cM‬א*‪.(41)+‬‬ ‫"‪ +‬א ‪+ : /‬א‪73K /‬א =‪&OZ :A*8 #‬א ‪ 2B‬א‪: I>J‬א ‪2B 9Z 1‬‬ ‫א‪: J2‬א ‪ 9J- 1‬א‪78( xa‬א ‪B‬כ‪ cW 1‬א‪=O‬א‪72(" 4cM‬א "‪ #>-‬א=*א( ‪4‬‬ ‫&'א ‪73 H8‬א =‪.(42)" #‬‬ ‫‪ 2‬אכ א‪6K 3‬א ‪ "'3‬א‪ B ( cWJ‬א‪D ) 8‬א‪E @AK E‬‬ ‫‪:‬כא‪73‬א (‪ "'3 * @ H‬א‪ 8‬א‪ B cWJ‬א‪- :‬א ‪73‬א (‪: H‬‬ ‫‪:‬כא‪+ . A3‬א א ‪: /*+ ,‬אכ ‪ E :‬אכ ‪6K‬א ‪-K "'3‬א‪ OZ: E‬א=‪- #‬א‪6K 4‬א ‪"'3‬‬ ‫‪-K ( 3:‬א‪: OZ: E‬כ‪ OZ: E 4A- 1 #‬א=‪: OZ: : H( = #‬כ‪#‬‬ ‫‪+ .‬א‪ /‬א>‪ : T2‬א ‪ - E ,‬א‪ ,K 3‬א‪B OZ‬כ‪ #‬אכ ‪ OZ:‬א=‪@#‬‬ ‫‪7 ( GW : k‬א (‪. H‬‬ ‫(‪ ,2‬א‪ E /*8‬א=א‪ : k "6‬אכא‪ E‬א‪ ,K /*H9‬אכא‪ E‬א (‪EQ H‬‬ ‫כ‪: x‬כא‪ #3‬א=‪: = #‬אכ (‪: : H‬כ‪ k 1 #‬א‪: ,K 3‬כ‪#‬‬ ‫‪ , %D‬אכ א‪ ,K k‬א=‪( @#‬אכ ‪ ( i3 A x‬א‪ 4#Z‬כ‬ ‫‪ T2B‬א‪*D AB‬א ‪'& A‬א א‪+ /*8‬א א ‪ *& U( ,‬א‪ E /*8‬א=‪#‬‬ ‫‪o‬‬ ‫ (‪: : H‬כ‪.(43)#‬‬ ‫‪ A|> 1 : c*Q 3‬א‪ ;W S‬א‪&2B 4#>D‬א כ*‪ E‬א‪8‬א‪ ./‬א` א‪2‬א ‪6K‬א‬ ‫‪+‬א‪ A & 4A 1 A-*B : : -‬א‪: %&'( .) ; A8B #‬אכ ‪#9= *B‬‬ ‫ ‪ A E‬א‪O- #‬א ‪ E ,‬א=‪+ 7‬א‪ >+ 17‬א*‪: %D*- ) c‬א‪A9‬‬ ‫‪o ,K‬‬ ‫א‪ #‬כ‪ 8‬א=‪Z‬א א‪>J‬א‪ E ? @E‬א‪Q ( 173 & #2‬א" (‪417 #Q W‬‬ ‫&* ‪ %&':‬א‪a‬א(‪. 2‬‬ ‫‪*D‬א ‪'& ,‬א א‪+ /*+ 2‬א‪ /‬א‪ B‬א‪J8‬א"‪+ * ":‬א; א‪B 1Z‬א"‬ ‫‪o‬‬ ‫א ‪:‬א"א &* ‪+‬א‪ , "Q‬א‪7=: k‬א (*‪18: A3 Qg A3w( 4f A8: Y+‬‬ ‫‪B‬א" א ‪+‬א א ‪ ,‬א‪ #Z‬א ‪.(44),‬‬. ‫

(77) =


(79) ‬.

(80) ‫‬ ‫ א

(81) אא ‪2010 9‬‬. ‫‪21‬‬. ‫‪j‬א‪s‬א ‪ Y8 8( : BA CD% G! ' 'I :‬א‪+ /*+ P‬א א ‬ ‫‪XK‬א‪:‬א ‪+ /*8‬א‪ A‬א‪:S‬א; ‪7>a-‬א ‪Z: U9‬כ*! =‪@A V*J=: U( , A‬‬ ‫‪6 #s: :‬כ ‪:‬‬ ‫‪6K 1‬א א‪ J ( YD‬א ‪:K‬א‪:‬א‪ ,f2- E‬א>‪ 8 /b #2‬א‪s‬א‪6K 3‬א ‪1‬‬ ‫=‪" /X2‬א‪J la E Q‬א א‪'& .Z‬א ‪6K‬א ‪ *& : 1‬א ‪ *& : /‬א‪s‬א‪@3‬‬ ‫ ‪:‬א ‪6K‬א כא‪7 8 E‬א ‪ *& : 12 1‬א ‪& lZ 1 /‬א א) >א‪Q‬‬ ‫‪B‬א‪:S‬א‪*O @#:‬א‪ E M‬כ*‪ *& E‬א‪s‬א‪ 3‬א‪B A 82‬א‪ . C‬א‪- #Z‬כ*‪ E‬כ‪ #Z‬א ‪c‬‬ ‫‪6K‬א ‪7DM‬א א&א ‪ 12 1 D" :‬א ‪7=: /‬א‪3 >s ) A3w( 4‬כא‪& u‬א‬ ‫‪6K‬א ‪ Y8 1‬א*‪.(45)/‬‬ ‫‪ 2‬א` אאכ‪ ( #‬א‪6K A "*O‬א "‪9 1 q‬כ א‪H- & A= O‬‬ ‫ (‪2‬א‪ *& A‬כ‪ x‬א‪ A9Z‬א‪+ . 7‬א‪ /‬אא‪ :?"M‬א=< = ‪=q‬א > א ‪H8‬‬ ‫‪*D‬א‪2( M‬א‪ # Q*D* A‬א‪*O‬א‪ & 4M‬א‪ q‬א"‪9-‬א‪ # U‬א‪ & Q‬א‪& 4A9Z‬כ'א‬ ‫א` ( א‪6K -‬א ‪B‬א‪ >+ U‬א‪+ A O‬א א ‪ ,‬א‪ A9Z‬א‪.(46) 7‬‬ ‫(‪ '7‬א‪Z‬א[ ‪ 1‬כ (‪7‬א ‪ 4l> i3‬כ ‪ D‬כא‪7:‬א ‪+‬א א ‪,‬‬ ‫(‪ Q*D* F U‬א‪a: G‬כ‪.#‬‬ ‫"א‪2B‬א ‪:35! ' $5 L M 4& N G! * 4& <

(82) J C6 K :‬‬ ‫‪ /*8 +‬א‪( l #Z: ( /*8B 7O‬א ‪+ U9B‬א א ‪7>a-‬א‪4‬‬ ‫(‪6 ;X‬כ א‪O- U( /*8B 7O‬א‪ 4‬כ‪6 P= E‬כ א)‪7D‬א‪( Q‬א‬ ‫ ‪ #Z:‬כ &* =‪7‬א‪'& 4‬א א)‪X‬א; ‪ +‬כ*‪ B ;MW- lC E‬א‪U9‬‬ ‫א=‪ /*8‬א‪ U9‬א‪ lC 4A= k‬א‪8‬א א‪ A>a‬א)‪"3‬א‪;* ( k‬‬ ‫א ‪9‬א ‪6‬כ ‪: s: .‬‬ ‫‪:‬כ א‪Q ADM kX‬א ‪ :‬א‪8f‬א!‪7=: +B H+ Ew( 4‬א‪ Ew( 4‬א‪kX‬‬ ‫‪6K 1‬א ‬ ‫) ‪73b( @17H2B /*+ , q A:X‬א ‪ , H+‬א‪ #9J‬א ‪f‬א&א‪W( 4‬‬ ‫‪: A:X‬א ‪ ) 4AB H+‬א ‪ E‬אכ ( א א‪ E Q‬א כ‪7=: s‬א ‪\8Z‬‬ ‫א=‪ #89‬א א‪ 4AR GW ;X ) #8f‬כ ‪B‬א‪*j #jWj U‬א ("א‪Q‬‬ ‫‪ /*>+‬א ‪7=:‬א (‪6 x‬כ ‪ ;X + : A‬א‪ B‬א‪J8‬א" ‪6K‬א ‪:‬כ‪7‬א ‪&:‬א ‪ :‬א‪c :‬‬ ‫ ‪72: F‬א‪7Z93 8f( 4‬א א‪6 E #‬כ ) ‪: : ,=2: ( A3 F " 4A:X‬כ‬ ‫‪Q‬א (‪.A=: +B A H8‬‬. ‫

(83) =


(85) ‬.

(86) ‫‪22‬‬. ‫ א

(87) אא ‪2010 9‬‬. ‫(א‪ B‬א‪J8‬א" ‪+ : ;X‬א‪B /‬א‪ #Z‬א ‪B /*8 E ,‬א‪ U9‬א‪s‬א‪73 @3‬א‬ ‫"א‪ 2- /* E‬א (‪ l‬א‪s‬א‪B #3‬א ‪ 4(47),‬א<א& ‪ E‬א‪B v9‬‬ ‫א‪:7D : Z‬‬ ‫א*‪ AD‬א ‪ ( :/‬א‪ #Z‬א ‪3= ,‬א ‪ #:6‬א ‪ ( c‬א‪s‬א‪:6 #3‬א‪.E‬‬ ‫א*‪ AD‬א‪s‬א‪ :3‬אכ` ‪( GJ-‬א כ &* ) כ` ‪B‬א כ ‪)K 4‬‬ ‫(‪- *7‬כ` ‪B‬א ) ‪f‬א‪"K `- + A3 4v‬א‪-Q‬א‪.E‬‬ ‫‪> l : 2‬א *א כא‪ YD ; A=2B D" E‬א‪4Z‬‬ ‫‪D A=2B WD" A= l2‬א‪ #‬א‪+ .Z‬א‪ /‬א‪B‬‬ ‫('&‪: %‬אכ ‪ E‬א*)‬ ‫‬ ‫)‪(48‬‬ ‫‪n‬‬ ‫‪3‬א(‪ : Y‬א ‪:‬אכ ( א‪D l2‬א‪ #‬א‪ EK :Z‬א*) ‪. 173Q A‬‬ ‫‪+‬א‪ /‬אא‪+ :?"M‬א‪=*q T2B /‬א ‪: , A:X‬א ‪+‬א‪%&'B /*8 E /‬‬ ‫) ‪(49‬‬ ‫‪n‬‬ ‫‪ EK l2‬א‪...A=2B D" l‬‬ ‫אא`‪ EK 4‬א*)‬ ‫(א‪3 B‬א(‪ : XOB )K 8 1 Y‬א‪*D *& #Z‬א‪ M‬א‪D l2‬א‪ #‬א‪4Z‬‬ ‫כ=‪B ;X A‬א‪ XO‬א‪s‬א‪*D *& 3‬א‪ M‬א‪Z3K l2‬א‪ %&': *& A=2B E‬אא` &'א‬ ‫‪a‬א‪ AB‬א‪ Z‬א‪ M*D ( @;MW‬א‪O l2‬א‪ Q9 M*O E F ( #‬א ‪.‬‬ ‫א‪Z:‬א ‪7O: ;Xm + : 3!& N G * 9 OP

(88) >?:; C6 K :‬א א'&‪%‬‬ ‫‪*+B‬א‪ 17( , #:M) & /‬א *א ‪7B‬א ‪ lC‬א‪:P‬‬ ‫‪Q %&6 1‬א‪f Q‬א ‪ cW E ,K "*j *B‬א‪O‬א‪, ( #‬‬ ‫א א‪ %&': 4E‬א‪73 "*7O‬א ( ‪ ,‬אכ‪9‬א‪+ .#‬א‪ /‬אא‪#8C , :?"M‬‬ ‫א‪8‬א‪B *B R‬כ א>א‪- * A3K 3W+‬א & ‪- , B‬כ א ‪6‬א‪*-*8 E‬א‪E |>= 4‬‬ ‫כ*‪ cW E‬א‪O‬א‪ #‬כ'כ ? * ‪-‬א & א> ‪- ,‬כ ‪ cW‬א‪O‬א‪#‬‬‫‪8‬א‪.(50)A E*-‬‬ ‫(‪- Ew‬א & א‪- , J‬כ א‪6h‬א‪*j E‬א ‪>D E*2D‬א ‪Ew( A2( ,‬‬ ‫א‪*2=:‬א ‪B )K A 17 , "8 1‬א‪7O‬א‪&*D 4Q‬א ‪6w( 4*29 , A‬א‬ ‫(‪2q 7 , 17H2B A2‬א" א‪ ( ;W S‬אא" ‪B‬א‪S‬א‪ \8 E‬א‪17= 9‬‬ ‫‪ 4#7D :‬א"‪ Y9-‬א‪>DS‬א" א‪7O‬א‪'& 4Q‬א ‪ %&':‬א‪8‬א‪B B R‬כ ‪ B‬א‪%f‬‬ ‫) ‪(51‬‬ ‫‪ T2B‬א ‪q‬א א‪.‬‬ ‫(א‪8‬א‪B *B R‬כ ‪ #Z: , )K i= 1‬א ‪6‬א‪ 4E‬כ אא‪7 % ?"M‬א‬ ‫‪ cW #Z:‬א‪O‬א‪7B /*8B A:X #‬א‪.‬‬ ‫

(89) =


(91) ‬.

(92) ‫‬ ‫ א

(93) אא ‪2010 9‬‬. ‫‪23‬‬. ‫‪: s: 2‬א ‪+‬א‪ T2B A‬אאכ‪- : :#‬כ" ‪ ,K A*Q‬א‪A= \8Z- A3w( 4OZ‬‬ ‫‪o‬‬ ‫‪ #‬א‪ 4OZ‬כא ‪ E‬א‪: ,K 9‬כ‪ #‬א‪7K QQ‬א ‪ :‬א‪f‬א‪ & B‬‬‫א‪9‬אכ‪ 17= \8Z #7‬א*‪B /‬א‪ S‬א;‪ 4‬כ'כ א ‪*f8‬א ‪ Q*O‬א‪ cW‬א‪8‬א‬ ‫א‪ 4[8‬א*‪ x *R‬א‪ `J‬א‪.(52)2‬‬ ‫‪6K‬א (‪- #Z‬כא" א*‪ ,K /‬א‪7( x OZ‬א א=‪ > i‬כ‪ 1‬א‪7( cWJ‬א‪4‬‬ ‫כ ‪ T2B k‬א‪2‬א כ‪ '& 1‬א‪+ #Z‬א א ‪a F U( ,‬א‪77B‬א‪4‬‬ ‫‪o‬‬ ‫*‪ # Q*D‬א‪ k‬א‪.#8a‬‬ ‫ א‪ Q‬א‪: E F G! Q - 9 O RSK :‬‬ ‫‪ +‬כ*‪ ( E‬א‪ 2( 4E)*+ #Z‬א‪j /*+ P- ,K 7O‬א‪: e‬א)‬ ‫א‪ B YO‬א‪'B #s: : *8‬כ‪:‬‬ ‫‪3 1‬כא‪ u‬א‪|a‬א" ‪ T2B + 4A= 7=:‬א‪2‬א א=‪ J A3B 4A= 7‬א‪Q*82‬‬ ‫‬ ‫‪Q*82: AB‬א ‪ E @A‬א‪ D9‬כ א ‪7=:‬א ‪'& , .A Q*82: AB Q*82:‬‬ ‫א‪ #8f‬כ*‪Z( E‬א‪" Q‬א‪2D‬א ‪ 2B '& , Z9 48 ,K‬א*‪.A>+ /‬‬ ‫‪6 E ,K 17H2B %&6‬כ "א‪Z9 YD‬א‪ Q‬א‪J‬א‪ A3 4v‬כ ‪|B kX-‬‬ ‫א‪B H A 4v‬א*‪ F K , /‬א‪M B B F" + 48f‬א‪Q‬‬ ‫ ‪:‬אכ ‪B !*9 A3‬א*‪./‬‬ ‫= אאכ‪3 ( E)*+ #‬כא‪ u‬א‪|a‬א"@ א ‪ >+ Z9 :/‬א*‪42B /‬‬ ‫א‪s‬א‪B H: :3‬א*‪./‬‬ ‫‪+‬א‪ /‬אא‪ :?"M‬א‪=*q T2B /‬א ‪=>&': : k E‬א ‪j )*+‬א‪s‬א@ &* ‪A3‬‬ ‫‪o‬‬ ‫‪B !*9‬א‪=B 82‬א ‪ ,‬א ‪*+‬א‪3= /‬א (א א‪( A+‬א ‪B !*9 A3‬א‪E 482‬‬ ‫א‪ >+ A( Z9‬א*‪B : /‬א א) ‪Z‬א‪ E‬א) א‪.(53)p‬‬ ‫(‪'7‬א ‪ : k: /*+‬א‪ *8‬א‪Z‬א‪j /*+ *& 8B‬א‪.e‬‬ ‫‪o‬‬ ‫‪D"K ( 2‬א‪ U‬א‪=j ADX kX‬א א‪ 2D" vWC : c2‬א‪ B GW‬א‪2‬א‬ ‫( ‪*D‬א‪a|B M‬א‪ E‬א ‪+ 4c‬א‪ /‬אא‪6K :?"M‬א ‪=+‬א ‪ EB‬א*‪>Z W( ;: p‬א‪ u‬א‪a‬‬ ‫‪3K AZ9=B‬א ‪>Z‬א‪.|B u‬‬ ‫‪ Y+ +‬א‪'& ( GW‬א א| א'? ‪ AB IJ-‬א‪ J+ 4#2D‬א‪a‬א(‪, 2‬‬ ‫א ‪*+‬א‪ /‬א‪ J+ 4# <9‬אאכ‪ , #‬א‪q + .J8‬א" ‪ T2B‬א ‪:‬‬ ‫

(94) =


(96) ‬.

(97) ‫‪24‬‬. ‫ א

(98) אא ‪2010 9‬‬. ‫‪=*q‬א ‪- ,K‬כ א‪ , *2‬א‪H= E EQ QOB J8‬א‪@Z93 /*+ AK G‬‬ ‫&* ‪OK‬א א‪D"S‬א‪ ( U‬א=‪( 4x9‬כ*‪ E‬א)‪'& GW‬א ‪ Y:‬א‪==B a‬א ‪B‬‬ ‫א‪a‬א(‪ 2- ( 2‬א‪>jK , E*89: 3 /*8‬א! ‪ /*8>( :A‬א‪a‬א(‪ 2‬א‪/*8‬‬ ‫א‪6K /*+ <9‬א " =‪ `B A‬א *א‪ ( A2: `: 4/‬א‪.(54) 29‬‬ ‫(‪ '& 9‬א‪ " #Z‬א‪=: E‬א‪M‬א‪ T2B + E‬א‪j /*+ P- ,K *a‬א‪e‬‬ ‫=‪7‬א ‪.‬‬ ‫א‪'& ( W‬א א=*‪ : U‬א‪ E P‬א‪ B YO E 7O‬א‪*8‬‬ ‫‪ | E EQ‬א‪|K h‬א כא‪'& 4‬א ‪: : %+‬אא‪ c‬א‪.GW‬‬ ‫ א‪2B‬א ‪=B :‬א א‪ , GW‬א‪: :GW‬א ‪ k‬א>=א ‪ ,‬א‪Y8- E U9‬‬ ‫‪7( `( #Z:‬א א‪789‬א ‪- P=( *+ ,‬כ ‪#Z: -- 4( #Z:‬‬ ‫‪6 #s: : . ( B cQQ: cD‬כ‪:‬‬ ‫‪6K 1‬א ‪ Z‬א*‪B ( AD" R‬א‪ #‬א*‪ #=B *R‬א‪7f‬א"‪A9 x> 1j 4c‬‬ ‫ כ ‪ '7( @A[*R #8B‬א‪7( i3 ) #Z‬א ‪:N‬א;‪ Y+ + 4‬א‪7( GW‬א‬ ‫‪O‬א ‪7( `: ( ,‬א‪ + 4‬א` ( ‪*D‬א‪ M‬א‪7 IZ‬א ‪=B‬א ‪,‬‬‫ ‪7( `:‬א ‪2D‬א &א‪:‬‬ ‫ & ‪ IJ‬א*‪ Y: *R‬א=כ‪.) ; x‬‬ ‫ & (‪ Y‬א כ ‪B *H‬א; ‪ `+* AZ‬א"‪9-‬א‪ U‬א ‬ ‫‪K‬כא‪ /‬א*‪.*R‬‬ ‫( ‪ I‬א*‪ Y: *R‬א=כ‪ E F " x‬א ‪ Y9-‬כ ‪AZ|B *H‬‬ ‫א‪ #‬א‪ A>&': ,H+‬א‪*O‬א‪ ( M‬א‪ #Z‬א'כ*"‪.(55)c‬‬ ‫(‪'7‬א א‪ A( `: U9‬א‪ 9: EW A ,=>3‬א‪'& E W .E‬א א‪U9‬‬ ‫א‪ lC + .( , ,=>3‬אא‪ , ?"M‬א‪ 9‬א‪7 k‬א ‪9‬‬ ‫‪o‬‬ ‫א ‪ E ) 4‬א‪B : #Z‬א ‪ P-‬א‪ , U9‬א *‪ 4/‬כ ‪'& E‬א‬ ‫א‪ P‬כא‪ A8C E‬א‪8‬א‪ 4‬א'? ‪" :‬כא‪ A3‬א‪ U9‬א ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ 2‬א‪Z‬א = אאכ‪6K #‬א ‪- Ew( 4 + AZ9=B‬א ‪+ .AB*- >8- 1‬א‪ /‬אא‪:?"M‬‬ ‫&' א‪ , #=>: #Z‬א‪ #B*- /*>+ ( GW‬א‪ *& 4l3X‬א‪ Z‬כ‪ 9‬א<‪7‬‬ ‫‪N‬א‪'& 4E‬א ‪ A8 %D*: :‬כא‪Z‬א ‪'& 4‬א ‪.(56)/*+ ,‬‬. ‫

(99) =


(101) ‬.

(102) ‫‬ ‫ א

(103) אא ‪2010 9‬‬. ‫‪25‬‬. ‫(‪6w‬א כא‪ 3‬א‪ ( B cQQ: #Z‬כ‪&W‬א ‪( 4A( `:‬כ א א‪/‬‬ ‫"‪ ,K Q‬א‪ U9‬א ‪ 4F*+‬א'? &* | ‪ :‬א‪ I>J( 4U9‬א‪'& ( GW‬‬ ‫‪o‬‬ ‫א‪3 U9‬א‪ GW P-‬א‪ U9‬א‪7 k‬א‪'B 4‬כ כ*‪3 GW E‬א‪P-‬‬ ‫ ‪.GW‬‬ ‫א‪ #Z‬א ‪= B‬א ‪ & :*& 4A( `: U( , #=>:‬א‪ >8- l3X‬‬ ‫*‪+ ( .) ; AB‬א‪+ AB*- >83 /‬א ‪ A‬א‪Z‬א ‪+‬א‪H /‬א ‪+ : 4AB*- >8-‬א‪/‬‬‫) ‪ + ; A=: k >8-‬א‪Z‬א ‪.‬‬ ‫ '‬. ‫א‪ x A89‬כ‪ #[ V*J3 A‬א'א&‪ ( 17=: i3 AH2B B %‬כ>‪ 17‬‬ ‫‪783 )*83‬א =‪ .17-':W- 17‬א‪O‬א‪ %3‬א‪ /*8=: A=: 1<2‬א [‪O- #‬א ‬ ‫‪: 17*J3‬א ‪O: FD‬א&א‪* 4‬א כא‪'& E‬א ‪B :‬א ‪ P-‬א‪/* U9‬‬ ‫א [‪*+ #‬א&‪B : ; 1‬א ‪ *- P-‬א‪ U9‬א‪V*J=: U( cO‬‬ ‫‪7‬א‪ 4‬כא ‪ T2B E‬א ‪*+‬א‪ /‬כא‪XK 3‬א‪:‬א ‪*+‬א‪Z: /‬א[ א| ‪1 * ,‬‬ ‫‪* J‬א ‪7B‬א ‪3‬כ&א‪.‬‬ ‫‪o‬‬ ‫>‪ ,8‬א‪O‬א‪ *9: /‬א ( ‪- #>Z3 #‬כ א‪ ,K U9‬א‪:S‬א; ‪ +‬כ*‪E‬‬ ‫א‪ # R P‬א)‪7D‬א‪ Q‬א* א‪ 789‬א‪ => 4Z‬כ ‪7O:‬‬ ‫‪O‬א‪ A-‬א‪=B #789‬א ‪:K /* ,‬א‪' @A( A:‬כ כ‪ ( !s‬א'א&‪ %‬כ‪s‬‬‫‪72:‬א ‪+‬א[*&א‪.‬‬ ‫ א (‪ & Ew‬א‪ 12‬א‪*89-‬א ‪" #>Z3 # ,‬א ‪ ,K‬א‪:S‬א; ‪73 ,‬א ‪A>&':‬‬ ‫‪" :‬א[‪ 4A‬א‪*9‬א ( ‪.AK F #>Z3 #‬‬ ‫ ) ‪:‬א א‪*89-‬א ‪ %&': ,K A>Z3 # ,‬א‪:S‬א;‪:‬‬ ‫‪* A9- Af A*+ 1‬א כ>‪.':W- , W: AZ9=B A‬‬ ‫‪: 2‬א ‪ ':W- A= A83‬א‪ AB‬א‪J3 A E*:MW‬א ‪.,=2:‬‬ ‫‪: 3‬א א‪ AJ3 - k"3‬א‪2‬א; א'? ‪.AJJ- 1‬‬ ‫‪: 4‬א א‪ , A( AJ3 - k"3‬א‪.#2‬‬ ‫‪: 5‬א ‪ , A( AJ3 , x+‬א‪.#2‬‬ ‫‪: 6‬א ‪ 9=B A( Yf+‬א‪9‬א"‪: B A=B v‬א ‪.A i3‬‬ ‫‪: 7‬א א =>\ ‪ ;*79: lfB AJ3 :‬א*א(‪.(57)#8‬‬ ‫

(104) =


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(107) ‫‪26‬‬. ‫ א

(108) אא ‪2010 9‬‬. ‫‪j‬א‪3‬א ‪:‬א א‪*9‬א ( ‪>&': A>Z3 #‬א ‪:N‬א;‪:‬‬ ‫‪: 1‬א א =>\ ‪ ;*79: lfB AJ3 :‬אא‪.#9‬‬ ‫‪: 2‬א ‪ A /Q‬א‪.AJ3 : ;MW‬‬ ‫‪: 3‬א ‪ A /Q‬כ*‪.A-‬‬ ‫‪: 4‬א ‪.A2( A /Q‬‬ ‫‪: 5‬א ‪ AJ3 , x+‬א'? ‪ , i= 1‬א‪.#2‬‬ ‫‪: 6‬א א =>\ ‪a: #Z: ( A J3 :‬א‪7( i3 7B‬א ‪ ,‬כ‬ ‫‪.9:‬‬ ‫)‪(58‬‬ ‫‪: 7‬א א(‪ l‬א‪ e‬א‪. A8 1 IJ‬‬ ‫ ‪:‬א א‪ U9‬א‪O- #f>=Z‬א ‪*+ ,‬א א‪:S‬א; *‪A3 17H2B 83 8( 4A‬‬ ‫‪: ( ) 4A i3 : , `8 1‬א א‪*89-‬א ‪( ) 4A‬א א‪*9‬א (‪: @A‬א ‪/‬‬ ‫‪>&': A>Z3 # ; ,‬א ‪ .A‬א<א& ‪ E‬אאכ‪ E*>Z= #‬א‪ U9‬א‪, #D‬‬ ‫‪o‬‬ ‫ *‪*+ /‬א ‪:K‬א‪6K 17:‬א כא‪ E‬א‪

(109) 8( 4x93 A8( 7O‬א‪M*O & :#( B‬‬ ‫ ‪8 E‬א‪ : lC ( /‬א‪'& vf‬א ‪: %&':‬אכ‪D( .‬א ‪*8B #(2: A : EB‬א‬ ‫א'&‪*+ "*7a: %‬א‪ A‬א‪ ID‬א‪8‬א ‪6 A M*O‬כ‪'- A2 /'B 2B 4‬כ‬ ‫‪*+‬א א'&‪ 1 : @%‬כ כ'כ ) ‪6 A M*O‬כ ‪A>+ : ,K X2 E )K‬‬ ‫כאא‪ ?"M‬א‪& q" B‬א)‪.(59‬‬ ‫

(110) א אאכ‪ #‬אא"א! א א א ‪:‬‬ ‫אאכ‪ #‬כא & ‪-‬כ‪*+ ,‬א) ( א'&‪+ .%‬א‪ 123 :/‬כ‪/*+ ,‬‬ ‫א ‪ ( )*+‬א'&‪ 4%‬כא כ‪ : ;8- : /*+ ,‬א‪789‬א ‪ ( )*+‬א'&‪4%‬‬ ‫&'א א ? ‪ > ,‬א=<@ ‪ E F " A3‬כ ‪*D‬א ‪%&': /* , =B‬‬ ‫‪:‬אכ ‪ A8C‬א‪3K AB ,9‬א (‪H- E IJ( 4A>&': , ,‬א‪ '& G‬א ‪*+‬א‪/‬‬ ‫‪.(60)A=: 2-‬‬ ‫‪o‬‬. ‫&'א א'? <‪ : 7‬כ‪ ;W‬א‪ B‬א‪*D uWJ‬א‪ #>Z3 M‬א‪ /*8‬א‪/* , k‬‬ ‫‪o‬‬ ‫א‪:S‬א; ‪>&':‬א ‪+ e A‬א‪ " :/‬א‪- P‬א"‪ c‬כ*‪:S 2: i3 : E‬א‪#Z: ( A:‬‬ ‫‪- 4#=2:‬א"‪:S O ) c‬א‪J3 A:‬א ‪=2:‬א ‪O EB A* l( , k( 4A=: k‬‬ ‫‪: x=D : WQ‬א ‪:K AB P‬א‪ *& .(61)"A>D*B 9( ACq , A:‬אא"‬ ‫‪ "*7D‬א=‪ : #9‬א‪.(62)1& 417=: 88‬‬ ‫א ‪" :‬א א‪ *& J8‬א*(‪.l‬‬. ‫

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(113) ‬.

(114) 27. 2010 9 ‫ א

(115) אא‬. : T 591 8 '90 234 56 7 :,-. (#$%& / %0 ()* + "#$%& ' (%# 1 CD3 8 A B (= > 8 (?@ 2 94 JK 91F "GH "H I 3 116 F M0 JK DN +# O 4 185 1844 )RH Q$K 5 2314 W0 VH 0 U + + (T @ 6 1614 ">Z D / YH 7 2154 / YH :^0 [\ ,$N ]\ ,$N : ">Z '5GR 8 159 (_ Q )` 20% 9 115 (_ b5 cd 20% 10 22 (_ Q 20% 11 118 (_ 3 20% 12 ,$ef e gD)D A ) I 4h\ c ?H i3 j (kl (5 0m) j / mH +# ) n 3 13 ,$No 362 F ,01 p (= > 8 (?@ CD3 14 3 2 F 1 e j D r 15 124 F 2 e r is ,110 F 2 e r 16 61 F ,1 p ,1998 ,1 u ,()Ge (e>Z 0 ,ce Oe ] eD v tN 56 + bgk b TT 17 151 −150 F F ,w Vm 0 z C4 0 > ,64 −63 F F ,xH w >mH "# 63 F ,1 p ,c O ] v b TT 18 0 ,e5l e> + 56 } ~ ,W {l + I

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(117) )*U ' c j 2GH (5\ cd 19 8 e> 353F ,e9 Q #& JK NH >l b0 + 533 F ,/ x ,) I @K 64 F ,1 p ,c O ] v b T 821F ,9 Q #& 3i# c " (e eT0 +e 965 – 964 F F ,02 p ,,$ef Ge# Oe ,-& I e3 > 20 456 F ,02 p ,m H (

(118) ?H 282 (_ 2 > 20% 21 941F ,1712 R0 ,5 3 [ I , [ I ,DG# V 22 e6 117 F ,01 p ,meGH Ae= 148 – 146 F F ,' c j (# #0 m + 23 92 – 91 F F ,02 p ,/>k DG# w- ,/9 \Y 0 > 8 p , e ( 0 w- Z ) Z f (3` b0 + 121 – 120 F F ,01 p ,mGH A= 24 309 F ,02 p ,( z w- j 184 – 182 F F ,01 e

(119) # e l +e 121 – 120 F F ,01 p ,mGH A= 256 F ,02 p ,b 3h" 25 97 – 95 F F ,02 p , "D ,$f (D5 > 163 F ,# w- je 282 F ,e3 +Ge@ e56 0e }D)\ w ' c j 2> C4x 26 (eD5 0e 182 F ,01 p ,Z e) Z ef (e3` b0 + 309 F ,02 p ,( z 97 F ,02 p , "D ,$f ,Iie

(120) H C4x 209 F ,(`)H 611 – 610 F F ,02 p ,,-& I 3 > 27 497 F ,01 p 823 F ,02 p ,(D?H w- 4 %0 637 ,03 p ,( 28


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(124) 2010 9 ‫ א

(125) אא‬. 28. 310 F ,02 p ,D)H C04 H 29 144 F ,02 p ,'G` ^H 30 365F ,01 p ,,-& I 3 > 31 105 F ,02 p ,D)H C04 H 32 193 JK 191 F ,VH

(126) G@ > I ) 0 33 356 F ,01p ,D)H C04 H 34 364 F ,01 p ,} G ^H 35 127 F ,06 p ,VH V> 0 36 285 – 284 F F , G@ > 0 37 e9 0e }e ~ ,D) G# H '> b j D= T 56 + 56 ,A= 38 442 – 441 F F ,1971 ()>Z ,= T0& ()># ,> 442 – 441 F F ,D= T A= 289 F ,01 p ,,-& 39 286 F , G@ > 0 445 – 444 F F ,D= T A= 40 790 F ,02 p , D w- 422 F ,01 p ,D)H C04 H 41 791 F ,02 p , D w- C04 H 42 607 F ,02 p ,(`)H 503 F ,01 p ,,-& I 3 > 43 06F ,03p ,D)H C04 H 44 55F ,03p ,} G ^H 45 238F ,03p ,} G ^H 46 ]e5 +e# 3ieH j # ^* j r h 2 | >) ,` 199F 02p ,D)H C04 H 47 289−288 F ,1990 ()>Z ,/ x ,"#$%& I= 0 ,r Bx + } +# j ,$f g`K ' B o b 'G` + B> } +# b j gD) ,$N o 48 he e> +e 993 F ,02p ,,-& I e3 e> e 226 F ,02p ,D)H C04 H 49 513 F ,j 437F ,01p ,D)H C04 H 50 429 F ,01p , D w- ,D)H C04 H 51 448 F ,01p ,D)H C04 H 52 141 F ,002p ,D)H C04 H 53 189−188F ,01p ,D)H C04 H 54 359 −358F ,01p ,D)H C04 H 55 847 −845 F ,02p ,,-& I 3 > 161 F ,03p ,D)H C04 H 56 517 F−516 F ,2ee> C4xee 314 F−313 F ,02p ,ee5)H Cee> +Geel ee 57 > 0 535 F −532 F ,2GH (5\ cd 638 F ,03p ,( z w- j 810 F −807 F ,9 Q #& 3i# c " 8 424 F ,01p ,c O ] vb TT 58 53 F ,01p ,D 3#I l 59 101−100F ,(0 b "h= 60 97 F ,31 F ,"GH "H Iw$m + 61 G@ > 0 462 ,x>V p l x# + 249 F ,04p ,V xG\B T x# 62 102 F−101 F ,


(128) =

(129) .

(130)