Large-scale data classification and longitudinal data mining for survival analysis

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 'LEPPIRKIW ERH -WWYIW                             

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 7YFWTEGIVIPEXIH 'PEWWHMWTIVWMSR                  

 +SEPW ERH 1SXMZEXMSRW                             

 +SEPW JSV %TTPMGEXMSRW                        

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 1SXMZEXMSRW MR 1SHIPMRK                      

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 8IGLRMGEP 3FNIGXMZIW                         

 'SRXVMFYXMSRW                                  

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 8MQIXS)ZIRX %REP]WMW                            

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 8VERWJIV 0IEVRMRK                           

 1YPXMXEWO 0IEVRMRK                          

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 :EVMEFPI 7IPIGXMSR                           

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 'PEWWMࢶGEXMSR %REP]WMW                             

 ,MKLHMQIRWMSREP (EXE 'PEWWMࢶGEXMSR               

 &E]IWMER 'PEWWMࢶGEXMSR                        

 2E²ZI &E]IW ERH *IEXYVI ;IMKLXMRK                 \

 7YVZMZEP 1EGLMRI 0IEVRMRK 

 %GGYQYPEXMZI ,E^EVH FEWIH .SMRX 1SHIP                  

 6ITVIWIRXEXMSR SJ %GGYQYPEXMZI ,E^EVH             

 )WXMQEXMSR SJ 6IKVIWWMSR 'SIࢰGMIRXW               

 3TXMQM^EXMSR JSV 6IKYPEVM^IH 'SIࢰGMIRXW            

 :EVMEXMSRW SJ %,.                           

 7IQM4VSTSVXMSREP ,E^EVH                           

 7YVZMZEP 1SHIPMRK [MXL 8MQIZEV]MRK 'SIࢰGMIRXW       

 0MOIPMLSSH JSV *EMPYVIW                        

 ,E^EVH )WXMQEXMSR                          

 0IEVRMRK 6IKYPEVM^IH 'SIࢰGMIRXW                 

 :EVMEXMSRW SJ 74,                           

 7IUYIRGMRK SJ 8MQIXS)ZIRX (EXE JSV *YPPࢶXXMRK 0MOIPMLSSH MR 7YVZMZEP 1SHIP                                 

 7IUYIRGMRK SJ 8MQIXS)ZIRX (EXE                

 *YPPࢶXXMRK 0MOIPMLSSH                        

 0IEVRMRK *YPPHEXE 'SIࢰGMIRXW                   

 ;IMFYPP 7YVZMZEP 4VIHMGXMSR                     

 7YVZMZEP 2IYVEP 2IX[SVOW                           

 1YPXMSYXTYX 2IYVEP 2IX[SVO                   

 8722 [MXL 0EXIRX *EMPYVI 6MWO )WXMQEXMSR           

 690WTIGMࢶG 4VSFEFMPMX] )ZEPYEXMSR                

 0IEVRMRK 22 ;IMKLXW                        

 :EVMEXMSRW SJ 8722                         

 7YVZMZEP *IEXYVI 7IPIGXMSR 

 ;IMKLXIH 1YPXM&E]IWMER 'PEWWMࢶIV                      

 'PEWW 3ZIVPETTMRK ERH 'PEWWHMWTIVWMSR              

 *IEXYVI[IMKLXIH 1YPXMTPI &E]IWMER 'PEWWMࢶGEXMSR        

 1YPXMTPI &E]IWMER (IGMWMSR &SYRHEVMIW        

 &E]IWMER )WXMQEXMSR                   

 1IEWYVMRK XLI )ࢭIGXMZI (MWGVMQMRERX *YRGXMSRW  

 0IEVRMRK %PKSVMXLQ                         

 7IPIGXMSR SJ (MWGVMQMRERX *YRGXMSRW         

 7YFWTEGI 2& 0IEVRMRK                 

 6IQSHIPMRK 1YPXM6IKMSR               

 8MQI 'SQTPI\MX]                     

 7YVZMZEP *IEXYVI ;IMKLXMRK                          

 ;IMKLX *SVQYPEXMSR                         

 ;IMKLXMRK 'VMXIVME                          

 4VSTSVXMSREP,E^EVHW 1SHIPMRK                  

 (MVMGLPIXFEWIH ;IMKLX 6IKYPEVM^EXMSR               

 1SHIP 0IEVRMRK                            

 1SHIPMRK 7XEXIQIRX                         

 1SHIP )ZEPYEXMSR %TTVSEGLIW 

 (EXE                                        

 8MQIXSIZIRXPEFIPIH (EXE                     

 '34( (EXE                        

 4YFPMG (EXE                        

 1EWWMZI 'PEWWPEFIPIH (EXE                      

 ,MKLHMQIRWMSREP 0S[WEQTPIWM^I (EXE       

 ,MKLHMQIRWMSREP 1EWWMZIWEQTPIWM^I (EXE     

 0(177 (EXE                       

 (EXE 4VITVSGIWWMRK                          

 (YQQ] 'SHMRK JSV 'EXIKSVMGEP :EVMEFPIW      

 (EXE -QTYXEXMSR JSV 1MWWMRK :EPYIW         

 2SVQEPM^EXMSR JSV 'SRXMRYSYW :EVMEFPIW       

 &EWIPMRI 1SHIPW ERH 'SQTIXMXSVW                      

 4VIHMGXMSR 1SHIPW                           

 'PEWWMࢶGEXMSR 1SHIPW                         

 )ZEPYEXMSR 1IXVMGW                               

 7YVZMZEP 4VIHMGXMSR 1IXVMGW                     

 7YVZMZEP 'PEWWMࢶGEXMSR 1IXVMGW                   

 'VSWWZEPMHEXMSR                             \MM

 6IWYPXW ERH (MWGYWWMSRW 

 %,.ٻW 4IVJSVQERGIW                              

 7YVZMZEP 4VIHMGXMSR 6IWYPXW                     

 ,MKLVMWO ERH 0S[VMWO +VSYT 'PEWWMࢶGEXMSR           

 -RH[IPPMRK 'SRXVEWX                         

 7*7ٻW 4IVJSVQERGIW                               

 4VIHMGXMSR %GGYVEG]                         

 0SRKXIVQ ERH 7LSVXXIVQ 4VIHMGXMSR               

 74,ٻ 4IVJSVQERGIW                                 8722ٻW 4IVJSVQERGIW                               4VIHMGXMSR 6IWYPXW                             +IRIVEPM^EFMPMX]                              1&7'ٻW 4IVJSVQERGIW                               % 'EWI 7XYH]                               'SQTEVEXMZI )ZEPYEXMSR                       

 6YRXMQI ERH 7GEPEFMPMX]                       

 701ٻW 4IVJSVQERGIW                              

 4VIHMGXMSR %GGYVEG]                         

 4VIHMGXIH 4VSFEFMPMX]                         

 'PEWWMࢶGEXMSR %GGYVEG]                        

 )\XIRWMZI 8IWXW MR XIVQW SJ 4EVEQIXIVW              

 %REP]WMW SR 4VSKRSWXMG :EVMEFPIW                  

 'SRGPYWMSRW 

&MFPMSKVETL] 

0MWX SJ *MKYVIW

 %R I\EQTPI SJ MRXIVQMXXIRXP]ZEV]MRK HEXE % ]IPPS[ HSX QIERW XLI TEXMIRX MW WXMPP EPMZI [LMPI E VIH HSX MRHMGEXIW E JEMPYVI           

 'LERKI MR ;IMFYPPFEWIH FEWIPMRI LE^EVH [MXL HMࢭIVIRX WGEPI ERH WLETI TEVEQIXIVW                                

 8MQIHITIRHIRX WYVZMZEP RIYVEP RIX[SVOW                 

 (MWXVMFYXMSR SJ  WEQTPIW SJ 47; MR FVS[R ERH  SJ (S[R PSEHIV MR G]ER MR HMࢭIVIRX WYF WTEGIW E (MWXVMFYXMSR SJ  WEQTPIW JVSQ 47; ERH  JVSQ (S[RPSEHIV MR E JYPP WTEGI F (MWXVMFYXMSR SJ 47; ERH (S[RPSEHIV MR E TVSNIGXIH WYFWTEGI زPSGEP! ,   G ERH H (MWXVMFYXMSR SJ EPP  WEQ TPIW SJ 47; ERH  WEQTPIW SJ (S[RPSEHIV MR XLI WYFWTEGI زೆ! ,   PIJX  ERH EPP  WEQTPIW SJ 47; ERH XLI VIQEMRMRK  WEQTPIW SJ (S[RPSEHIV MR XLI WYFWTEGI ز_ೈ!  ,  VMKLX   *VEQI[SVO SJ XLI PIEVRMRK TVSGIHYVI VYRRMRK SR GPEWW ت        

 (MWXVMFYXMSR SJ JEMPYVI ERH GIRWSVMRK XMQIW JSV  '34( TEXMIRXW EGGSVHMRK XS EKI ERH KIRHIV %PP TSMRXW MRHMGEXMRK  HE]W EVI GIR WSVMRK XMQIW                                   

 'SQTEVMWSR SJ XLI QSHIPWٻ 7YV4VIH TIVJSVQERGIW MR XIVQW SJ *%9' 'MRHI\ ERH '&7 SR XLI 7': XVEMRMRK ERH XIWX TEXMIRXW HYVMRK ]IEV WXYH]                              

 'SQTEVMWSR SJ GLERKIW MR ]IEV  [IIOW WYVZMZEP TVSFEFMPMX] TVI HMGXIH F] XLI QSHIPW JSV XLI X[S MRHMZMHYEP TEXMIRXW JVSQ XLI LMKL VMWO ERH PS[VMWO KVSYTW 7:6 MW E GPEWWMࢶIV VEXLIV XLER E TVIHMGXMSR QSHIP ERH XLIVIJSVI GERRSX ]MIPH E WYVZMZEP TVSFEFMPMX] GYVZI 8LI ZIVXMGEP HEWL MW HVE[R EX  HE]W XLI XL [IIO  XLI JEMPYVI XMQI SJ XLI LMKLVMWO TEXMIRX                              

 8LI LE^EVHW ]MIPHIH F] XLI QSHIPW EX ZEVMSYW XMQI TSMRXW 8LI LE^ EVH MW EWWYQIH XS FI ^IVS [LIR XLI WYVZMZEP TVSFEFMPMX] HIGVIEWIW XS ^IVS +11 ERH 7:6 HS RSX MRGPYHI E LE^EVH MR XLIMV PIEVRMRK TVS GIWW                                        

 8LI HMWXVMFYXMSR SJ GSIࢰGMIRXW ࡦ ]MIPHIH F] 7*7 [MXL HMࢭIVIRX ZEP YIW SJ XLI VIKYPEVM^EXMSR GSRWXERX ࠿                     

 'SQTEVMWSR SJ HMࢭIVIRX QSHIPWٻ TIVJSVQERGIW MR XIVQW SJ *%9' ERH 'MRHI\                                   

 'SQTEVMWSR SJ 74, ERH MXW VIHYGIH ZIVWMSRW MR XIVQW SJ *%9' ERH 'MRHI\ ERH GLERKIW MR XLIMV TIVJSVQERGI [MXL ZEV]MRK TIV GIRXEKI SJ XVEMRMRK TEXMIRXW                          

 'LERKI MR TVIHMGXIH 690WTIGMࢶG TVSFEFMPMX] GYVZI JSV IRKMRIW    

 'LERKI MR 8722 TIVJSVQERGI SR XLI %KMRK HEXEWIX [MXL ZEV]MRK ؑ 

 'LERKI MR 8722 TIVJSVQERGI SR XLI %KMRK HEXEWIX [MXL ZEV]MRK ࡗ 

 7YFGPEWWIW SJ XLI X[S GPEWWIW MR HMࢭIVIRX WYFWTEGIW [MXL VIWTIGX XS JIEXYVI [IMKLXW  8LI X[S WYFGPEWWIW أೆ ERH أೈ EVI HMWGSZIVIH JVSQ ٯ_'ERGIV [LMPI حೆحೈ ERH حೊ EVI JVSQ ٯ2SVQEP                 6MWO ERH GPEWWMࢶGEXMSR EGGYVEG] MR XIVQW SJ XLI *QIEWYVI [MXL

ZEV]MRK RYQFIVW SJ HMWGVMQMRERX JYRGXMSRW TIV GPEWW           

 'LERKI MR WXVYGXYVEP VMWO IQTMVMGEP VMWO ERH :' GSRࢶHIRGI [MXL ZEV]MRK RYQFIVW SJ HMWGVMQMRERX JYRGXMSRW TIV GPEWW           

 'SQTEVMWSR SJ EGGYVEG] MR XIVQW SJ XLI *QIEWYVI SR XLI XVEMRMRK ERH XIWX WIXW                                   

 'LERKIW MR JIEXYVI [IMKLXW JSV HMࢭIVIRX ZEPYIW SJ XLI W]QQIXVMG (MVMGLPIX TVMSVM TEVEQIXIV ࠸                          

 'LERKIW MR *QIEWYVI QIER t WXERHEVH HIZMEXMSR SR XLI HEXEWIX 3ZEVMER 'ERGIV [MXL HMࢭIVIRX ZEPYIW SJ XLI W]QQIXVMG (MVMGLPIX TVMSV TEVEQIXIV ࠸                                

 'SQTEVMWSR SJ %9' SR XLI VIEP[SVPH HEXEWIXW              

 8VEMRMRK VYRXMQI VEXMS SJ GPEWWMࢶIVW XS 2& 2SXI XLEX XLI VEXMSW EVI HITIRHIRX SR XLI 2&ٻW FEWIPMRI TIVJSVQERGI               

 6IPEXMSRWLMTW FIX[IIR XLI VYRXMQI MR QMRYXIW SJ 1&7' ERH XLI RYQFIVW SJ JIEXYVIW ؜ ERH WEQTPIW ؔ SJ HEXE             

 'SQTEVMWSR SJ GLERKIW MR WYVZMZEP TVSFEFMPMX] JSV XLI LMKLVMWO ERH PS[VMWO TEXMIRXW JSV  ]IEV JSPPS[MRK HMWGLEVKI              

 'LERKI MR TIVJSVQERGI [MXL HMࢭIVIRX (MVMGLPIX TEVEQIXIV ࠸ JSV SYV 701 SR XLI ZEPMHEXMSR HEXE WIX                       

 'LERKI MR 'S\;MRXIVٻW GPEWWMࢶGEXMSR EGGYVEG] [MXL ZEV]MRK (MVMGL PIX TEVEQIXIV ࠸                                 

 'S\ VIKVIWWMSR GSIࢰGMIRXW JSV XLI TVSKRSWXMG ZEVMEFPIW         

 4VSKRSWXMG ZEVMEFPIWٻ [IMKLXW IWXMQEXIH F] XLI ;MRXIV GVMXIVMSR [MXL ZEV]MRK (MVMGLPIX TEVEQIXIV ࠸                        

 4VSKRSWXMG ZEVMEFPIWٻ [IMKLXW IWXMQEXIH F] XLI ;MRXVE GVMXIVMSR [MXL ZEV]MRK (MVMGLPIX TEVEQIXIV ࠸                        

 'SQTEVMWSR SJ QSHIPWٻ GPEWWMࢶGEXMSR EGGYVEGMIW SR 7': ZEPMHEXMSR HEXE [MXL XLI JYPP WIX ERH XLI WYFWIX SJ TVSKRSWXMG ZEVMEFPIW      

0MWX SJ 8EFPIW

 7XEXMWXMGEP %TTVSEGLIW SJ 7YVZMZEP 1SHIPW                  

 %R MPPYWXVEXMZI PMJI XEFPI GSRWXVYGXIH JSV 'EREHMER FSXL QEPI ERH JIQEPI JVSQ 7XEXMWXMGW 'EREHE JSV XLI TIVMSH         

 7XEXMWXMGEP HMWXVMFYXMSRW GSQQSRP] YWIH MR TEVEQIXVMG WYVZMZEP EREP]WMW 

 'LERKIW MR XLI LE^EVHW [MXL XMQI MR XLI GSRXI\X SJ HMࢭIVIRX WYV ZMZEP HMWXVMFYXMSRW                                

 4IREPX] JSV VIKYPEVM^EXMSR                           

 :EVMSYW JSVQW SJ WMQTPI HIGMWMSR FSYRHEV] YWIH F] 2&FEWIH GPEWWM ࢶIVW JSV GPEWW ت                                 

 %R I\EQTPI SJ KIRIVEXMRK WYVZMZEP TVSGIWW JVSQ PMJIXMQI HEXE      

 (IQSKVETLMGW MI TSTYPEXMSR SJ  '34( TEXMIRXW LSWTMXEPM^IH EX ',97 FIX[IIR %TVMP  ERH 1EVGL               

 '34(WTIGMࢶG TVSKRSWXMG ZEVMEFPIW YWIH MR JEMPYVI TVIHMGXMSR      

 7XEXMWXMGW SJ XLI JSYV TYFPMG HEXEWIXW                     

 8LI WXEXMWXMGEP GLEVEGXIVMWXMGW SJ XLI HEXEWIXW YWIH MR XLI I\TIVMQIRXW 7LS[R EVI XLI RYQFIVW SJ GPEWWIW ؑ WEQTPIW ؔ  ERH ZEVMEFPIW ؜   

 'SQTEVMWSR SJ XLI QSHIPWٻ 7YV4VIH TIVJSVQERGIW MR XIVQW SJ *%9' 'MRHI\ ERH '&7 SR XLI 033': XIWX TEXMIRXW HYVMRK HMJ JIVIRX WXYH] TIVMSHW                              

 'SQTEVMWSR SJ XLI QSHIPWٻ 7YV'PW TIVJSVQERGIW MR XIVQW SJ WTIGM ࢶGMX] WIRWMXMZMX] ERH *QIEWYVI SR XLI ': XIWX TEXMIRXW HYVMRK ]IEV WXYH]                                   

 'SQTEVMWSR SJ %,. EKEMRWX XLI XLVII VIHYGIH ZIVWMSRW MR XIVQW SJ *%9' 'MRHI\ ERH '&7 SR XLI 7': XIWX TEXMIRXW HYVMRK ]IEV WXYH]                                       

 'SQTEVMWSR SJ XLI QSHIPWٻ -H['RX TIVJSVQERGIW MR XIVQW SJ 7': *%9' 'MRHI\ ERH '&7 SR XLI HEXE MRZSPZMRK SRP]  WXEXMG ZEVMEFPIW WLS[R MR 8EFPI                       

 'SQTEVMWSR SJ XLI QSHIPWٻ 7': TIVJSVQERGI MR XIVQW SJ *%9' 'MRHI\ ERH '&7 JSV E ]IEV SFWIVZEXMSR TIVMSH MR XLI JSVQ QIERWXERHEVH HIZMEXMSR                           

 'SQTEVMWSR SJ XLI QSHIPWٻ 033': TIVJSVQERGIW MR XIVQW SJ TI VMSH *%9' JSV ZEVMSYW TIVMSHW QSRXLW SJ SFWIVZEXMSR        

 'SQTEVMWSR SJ XLI ': *%9' 'MRHI\ ERH '&7 VIWYPXW SR XLI XIWX HEXE MR XLI JSVQ SJ QIER WXERHEVH HIZMEXMSR  8LI FIWX VIWYPXW EVI MR FSPH ERH XLI WIGSRHFIWX TIVJSVQERGIW EVI YRHIVPMRIH      

 'PEWWMࢶGEXMSR EGGYVEGMIW MR XIVQW SJ *QIEWYVI   SJ XLI HMࢭIV IRX GPEWWMࢶIVW SR XLI JYPP WTEGI ERH X[S VIHYGIH WTEGIW GSRWMWXMRK SJ  ERH  JIEXYVIW                               

 'SQTEVMWSR SJ GPEWWMࢶGEXMSR EGGYVEG] MR XIVQW SJ 1MGVS* ERH 1EGVS* SR XLI X[S WIQMW]RXLIXMG ,(177 HEXEWIXW 8LI 1MGVS * ERH 1EGVS* MR IEGL GIPP EVI KMZIR MR XLI JSVQ QIERWXERHEVH HIZMEXMSR                                   

 'SQTEVMWSR SJ GPEWWMࢶGEXMSR EGGYVEG] MR XIVQW SJ  PSWW SR XLI X[S 0(177 HEXEWIXW 8LI  PSWW MR IEGL GIPP MW KMZIR MR XLI JSVQ QIERWXERHEVH HIZMEXMSR                          

 'SQTEVMWSR SJ TIVJSVQERGIW MR XIVQW SJ WYVZMZEP %9' ERH ' MRHI\ SR 7': XVEMRMRK ERH ZEPMHEXMSR TEXMIRXW             

 'SQTEVMWSR SJ XLI TIVJSVQERGIW SR XLI 7': XVEMRMRK ERH ZEPMHE XMSR TEXMIRXW HYVMRK ]IEV WXYH]                      

 8LI FIWX WYFWIX SJ ZEVMEFPIW WIPIGXIH F] ;MRXIV ERH ;MRXVE EGGSVH MRK XS XLI VERO SJ [IMKLX ZEPYIW                       

 'SQTEVMWSR SJ QSHIPWٻ TVIHMGXMZI TIVJSVQERGIW SR 7': ZEPMHE XMSR HEXE [MXL XLI JYPP WIX ERH WYFWIXW SJ ZEVMEFPIW            

-RXVSHYGXMSR

ૺବૺ &ैॖঀ५ঠ঑যঊड़

 7YVZMZEP %REP]WMW

 *EMPYVI )ZIRX

7XEXMWXMGEP TVSGIHYVIW HIZIPSTIH XS HIEP [MXL XMQIXSIZIRX HEXE EVI ORS[R GSPPIG XMZIP] EW WYVZMZEP EREP]WMW MR [LMGL XLI VIWTSRWI ZEVMEFPI MW XMQI XS IZIRX MI XLI XMQI ]IEVW QSRXLW [IIOW SV HE]W IPETWMRK JVSQ XMQI SVMKMREP IK XLI FIKMR RMRK SJ JSPPS[YT WXYH] YRXMP ER IZIRX SGGYVW 8LI IZIRX SJ MRXIVIWX MW GSQQSRP] EHZIVWI MRHMZMHYEP I\TIVMIRGI ERH XLIVIJSVI GEPPIH ٽJEMPYVIپ ;LEX [I QIER F] ٽWYV ZMZEPپ MR XLMW GSRXI\X MW VIQEMRMRK JVII SJ E JEMPYVI SZIV XMQI 8LMW WSGEPPIH ٽXMQI XS IZIRXپ MW GSQQSRP] VIJIVVIH XS EW WYVZMZEP XMQI IZIR MJ XLI IZIRX YRHIV GSRWMHIVE XMSR MW RSX HIEXL FYX VEXLIV  PSGEP VIGYVVIRGI SJ E XYQSVKEPPWXSRI VIEHQMWWMSR EJ XIV HMWGLEVKI SJ ER EWXLQE TEXMIRX FVIEWXJIIHMRK GIEWIH MR VIXVSWTIGXMZI GSLSVX WXYH MIW  JEMPYVI SJ QERYJEGXYVMRK IUYMTQIRXW MR ER MRHYWXVMEP WIXXMRK IK E HIZMGI JEYPX E QEGLMRI FVIEOHS[R  ࢶRERGMEP VIKMQI W[MXGLMRK E FEROVYTX E ࢶRERGMEP HMWXVIWW MR QEVOIX MRZIWXMKEXMSR  SV WSQIXMQIW E FIRIࢶGMEP IZIRX WYGL EW HMWIEWI VIGSZIV] LSWTMXEP HMWGLEVKI ERH LIEPMRK SJ E [SYRH 'LYRK IX EP  

 7MKRMࢶGERGI SJ 8MQIXS*EMPYVI 4VIHMGXMSR

&EWMGEPP] XLI KSEP SJ WYVZMZEP EREP]WMW MW XS I\TPSVI WSQI QENSV MWWYIW SJ MRZIWXMKE XMSR MR GEVI XVENIGXSV] WXYHMIW =EHEZ IX EP  ERH KIRIVEXI TVSKRSWXMG QSHIPW JSV YRHIVWXERHMRK IZIRX TVSGIWWIW +LEWWIQM IX EP   I\TPSVMRK MRXIVEGXMSR FI X[IIR TVSKRSWXMG ZEVMEFPIW _{/LSWPE IX EP  ERH WMQYPXERISYW IࢭIGXW SJ XLIWI}

ZEVMEFPIW ERH TVIHMGXMRK LS[ RI[ MRHMZMHYEPW [MPP FILEZI MR XLI GSRXI\X SJ ORS[R HEXE ,SRK ERH ,EYWOVIGLX   9WYEPP] SRI TVIHMGXW XLI SYXGSQI IK VIQEMR MRK YWIJYP PMJI ERH WYVZMZEP TVSFEFMPMX] YWMRK QIEWYVIQIRXW SJ ZEVMSYW TVSKRSWXMG ZEVMEFPIW GSPPIGXIH HYVMRK XLI WXYH] TIVMSH IK SRI]IEV JSPPS[YT WXYH] JVSQ E LSQSKIRISYW TSTYPEXMSR -R XLI GEWI SJ '34( WXYH] VIWIEVGLIVW EVI GSRGIVRIH [MXL E RYQFIV SJ WTIGMࢶG TVSKRSWXMG ZEVMEFPIW VERKMRK JVSQ HIQSKVETLMG MRJSVQE XMSR LIEPXLGEVI LMWXSV] ERH LSWTMXEPM^EXMSR VIGSVHW XS FMSQIHMGEP ERH TL]WMGEP XIWXW )\TPSVMRK XLI WMQYPXERISYW IࢭIGXW SJ TVSKRSWXMG ZEVMEFPIW SR SYXGSQI MW SJ TVEGXMGEP MRXIVIWX ERH LEW FIIR XLI WYFNIGX XS QYGL VIWIEVGL

8MQIXSJEMPYVI TVIHMGXMSR LEW FIGSQI ER IWWIRXMEP ETTVSEGL XS TIVJSVQMRK TVIHMG XMZI EREP]WMW [LMGL [SYPH EPPS[ SRIW XS ERW[IV XLI JSPPS[MRK UYIVMIW

Ȗ ٽ;LIR ERH LS[ TVSFEFP] XLEX E JEMPYVI IZIRX [MPP SGGYV#پ Ȗ ٽ,S[ PSRK TEXMIRXW SV IUYMTQIRXW VIQEMR JEMPYVIJVII#پ Ȗ ٽ,S[ HSIW XLI VMWO SJ JEMPYVI GLERKI SZIV XMQI#پ

Ȗ ٽ,S[ [IPP XLI] [MPP VIWTSRH XS E WTIGMࢶG MRXIVZIRXMSR#پ

7YGL ERW[IVW GER FI ZMXEP XS HIGMWMSRQEOMRK ERH EMH LIEPXL WIVZMGI TVSZMHIVW MR XLI IࢭIGXMZI YWI SJ PMQMXIH LIEPXLGEVI VIWSYVGIW [LIVI XLI GSWX JSV YRTPERRIH LSWTM XEP VIEHQMWWMSR MR IZIV] TVSZMRGI ERH XIVVMXSV] SJ 'EREHE MW IRSVQSYW ,YXGLMWSR IX EP   0IXٻW PSSO EX X[S I\EQTPIW

Ȗ 4VIHMGXMRK XLI XMQI XS VIGYVVIRGI SJ E HMWIEWI EPPS[W GPMRMGMERW XS EHETX XVIEX QIRX WXVEXIKMIW XS WYKKIWX PMJIWX]PI QSHMࢶGEXMSRW ERH WSQIXMQIW XS TPER IRH SJPMJI GEVI % HSGXSV QE] XIPP E ]IEVSPH TEXMIRX XLEX LIV TVIHMGXIH WYVZMZEP TVSFEFMPMX] MW  EX SRI ]IEV EJXIV XLI TVIZMSYW LSWTMXEP HMWGLEVKI ERH  EX  8LI XIVQMRSPSKMIW ٽTVSKRSWXMG ZEVMEFPIWپ ٽI\TPEREXSV] ZEVMEFPIWپ ٽJIEXYVIWپ ERH ٽVMWO JEGXSVWپ EVI YWIH MRXIVGLERKIEFP] XLVSYKLSYX XLI HMWWIVXEXMSR

XLVII ]IEVW

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 7XEXMWXMGEP %TTVSEGLIW

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8LI IZIVMRGVIEWMRK HEXEFEWIW MRGPYHI E [IEPXL SJ YREPMKRIH LMWXSVMGEP QIEWYVIQIRXW ,MWX1IEW HYI XS XLI GLIGOYTW EX ZEVMSYW XMQI MRXIVZEPW &IMVRI IX EP   *SV I\EQTPI SJ X[S TEXMIRXW VSYXMRIP] WGLIHYPIH JSV VIZMI[ TEXMIRX % QE] YRHIVKS E QSRXLP] GLIGOYT [LMPI TEXMIRX & MW I\EQMRIH FMQSRXLP] 8LMW QIERW [I [MPP EG UYMVI HEXE JSV [LMGL TEXMIRX & LEW MRXIVQMXXIRX QIEWYVIQIRXW MR GSRXVEWX XS TEXMIRX %ٻW QSRXLP] QIEWYVIQIRXW 7YGL HEXE MW E UYMXI X]TMGEP X]TI SJ MRXIVQMXXIRXP] ZEV] MRK -: HEXE FYX XLI HEXE MR XLMW WXYH] EVI QSVI KIRIVEP FIGEYWI XLI QIEWYVIQIRX QE] FI QEHI ER] XMQI VEXLIV XLER EX JEMPYVI XMQIW SRP] -: HEXE LEW F] JEV SYX TEGIH XLI TVSGIWWMRK ERH EREP]XMGEP GETEGMXMIW SJ XLI EJSVIQIRXMSRIH QSHIPW QEMRP] FIGEYWI  XLI SFWIVZEXMSR SJ TVIWIRX QIEWYVIQIRXW JSV ER MRHMZMHYEP MRHMGEXIW WLI [EW JEMPYVIJVII EPP XLI XMQI MR LMWXSV] ERH XLIVIJSVI IWXMQEXMRK LMWLIV WYVZMZEP TVSF EFMPMXMIW EX LMWXSVMGEP QIEWYVIQIRX XMQI WRETWLSXW HSIW RSX QEOI WIRWI EW WXEXIH MR /EPFࢹIMWGL ERH 4VIRXMGI    XLI TVSGIWW SJ IWXMQEXMRK GSIࢰGMIRXW EX IEGL

WRETWLSX MW GSRHYGXIH SR SRP] E TEVX SJ MRHMZMHYEPW MR XLI GSRXI\X SJ -: ,MWX1IEW XLMW QE] PIEH XS E FMEWIH IWXMQEXI XLEX GERRSX EHIUYEXIP] ࢶX XLI [LSPI FSH] SJ HEXE IWTIGMEPP] [MXLSYX MRJSVQEXMSR I\TPSMXIH JVSQ ,MWX1IEW JSV GSIࢰGMIRX STXM QM^EXMSR

1YGL [SVO WYGL EW 1SKLEHHEWW ERH 6YHMR  'LIR IX EP  'SVXIWI ERH %RHIVWIR  LEW HIQSRWXVEXIH XLI WMKRMࢶGERGI SJ ,MWX1IEW XS WYVZMZEP TVIHMG XMSR 8LMW MR XYVR WYKKIWXW XLI RIIH JSV E WXYH] SR ,MWX1IEW MR -: HEXE 8S SYV ORS[PIHKI XLIVI MW EW ]IX RS HSGYQIRXIH [SVO GSRGIVRIH [MXL WYGL WXYH] MR WYV ZMZEP TVIHMGXMSR %PP XLIWI QSHIPW IWXMQEXI XLI LE^EVH EX E KMZIR XMQI TSMRX YWMRK SRP] XLI SFWIVZEXMSRW JSV ZEVMEFPIW EX XLEX XMQI [LMPI PIEZMRK SYX XLSWI SFWIVZEXMSRW FIJSVI XLI XMQI TSMRX

 8MQIZEV]MRK :EVMEFPIW

8MQIXSJEMPYVI TVIHMGXMSR QIXLSHW EVI RSX WTIGMࢶGEPP] HIWMKRIH XS LERHPI XMQI ZEV]MRK TVSKRSWXMG ZEVMEFPIW 8LI GSQQSR ETTVSEGL IQTPS]IH MW XS TVIHMGX XLI WYVZMZEP TVSFEFMPMX] EX E GIVXEMR XMQI YWMRK SRP] XLI ZEPYIW SJ ZEVMEFPIW EX XLEX QS QIRX 8LI LMWXSVMGEP ZEPYIW EVI HMWGEVHIH MR TVIHMGXMSR FYX LEZI FIIR TVSZIR XS PEXIRXP] EࢭIGX XLI WYVZMZEP TVSFEFMPMX] 1SKLEHHEWW ERH 6YHMR  >LERK IX EP F  8LIWI EVKYQIRXW MR XYVR HIQSRWXVEXI E RIIH JSV E TVIHMGXMZI QSHIP XLEX VIPIEWIW TVMSVM WXEXMWXMGEP EWWYQTXMSRW I\TPSVIW PEXIRX VMWO ERH QEOIW JYPP YWI SJ XMQI ZEV]MRK TVSKRSWXMG ZEVMEFPIW ,S[IZIV RSRI SJ I\MWXMRK ETTVSEGLIW TVSZMHIW ER IJ JIGXMZI WSPYXMSR XS YRHIVWXERHMRK XLI VIPEXMSRWLMT FIX[IIR WYVZMZEP TVSFEFMPMX] ERH XMQIZEV]MRK ZEVMEFPIW FIGEYWI XLI] TIVJSVQ TVIHMGXMSR YRHIV XLI ٽYRVIEPMWXMGپ XEGMX EWWYQTXMSR XLEX XLI LE^EVH XS WYVZMZEP EX E GIVXEMR XMQI MW HITIRHIRX SRP] SR XLI SFWIVZEXMSR EX XLEX XMQI XLEX MW MRHITIRHIRX SJ XLI TVIZMSYW SFWIVZEXMSRW )\EQ TPIW MRGPYHI XLI XMQIHITIRHIRX 'S\ QSHIP *MWLIV ERH 0MR   NSMRX QSHIPW ;Y IX EP   GSQTIXMRK VMWO QSHIPW 'SVXIWI ERH %RHIVWIR   IXG +IR IVEPP] KMZIR E WIUYIRGI SJ SFWIVZEXMSRW JSV E XMQIZEV]MRK ZEVMEFPI XLIWI ETTVSEGLIW IWXMQEXI E 'S\ LE^EVH EX E GIVXEMR XMQI FEWIH SR XLI VIKVIWWMSR EREP]WMW WSPIP] SR XLI SFWIVZEXMSR JSV XLI ZEVMEFPI EX XLEX XMQI 8LI QENSV VIEWSR JSV XLI ٽYRVIEPMW XMGپ EWWYQTXMSR MW XLEX XLI LE^EVH XS WYVZMZEP MW FSYRH YT [MXL EPP GSRHMXMSRW *SV

I\EQTPI XLI SFWIVZIH QIEWYVIQIRX MI SFWIVZEXMSR JSV 7T3 E '34(WTIGMࢶG ZEVMEFPI EWWSGMEXIH [MXL E GPMRMGEP XIWX SR FPSSH S\]KIR PIZIP QE] FI FI]SRH XLI RSV QEP PIZIP SR XLI ࢶVWX HE] ERH XLIR VIXYVR XS RSVQEP SR XLI WIGSRH HE] 7T3 MW E X]TMGEP XMQIZEV]MRK ZEVMEFPI ERH IWXMQEXIW SJ XLI LE^EVH SR XLI WIGSRH HE] WLSYPH XEOI MRXS EGGSYRX XLI SFWIVZEXMSRW JSV 7T3 SR FSXL HE]W VEXLIV XLER SRP] SR XLI WIGSRH HE] MI XLI QSWX VIGIRX SFWIVZEXMSR 

 ,MKLHMQIRWMSREPMX]

8LI LMKL HMQIRWMSREPMX] SJ HEXE LEW JEV SYXTEGIH XLI TVSGIWWMRK ERH EREP]XMGEP GE TEGMXMIW SJ GYVVIRX GPEWWMࢶIVW 8ER IX EP  *ER ERH &MJIX   IK WYTTSVX ZIGXSV QEGLMRIW 7:1W 'LERK ERH 0MR   HIGMWMSR XVIIW (8W >LSY ERH 'LIR   VERHSQ JSVIWXW 6*W &VIMQER   RIYVEP RIX[SVOW 22W 2EOE NMQE ERH ;EXEREFI  ERH MRWXERGIFEWIH PIEVRMRK -&0 %PFIVX ERH %LE  %LE IX EP  8ER   [LIVI WSQI SJ XLI GPEWWMࢶIVW FEWIH SR QIEWYVIW WYGL EW XLI ə๰ HMWXERGI ERH XLI GSWMRI JYRGXMSR XIRH XS FI MRZEPMH MR LMKLHMQIRWMSREP

WTEGIW HYI XS XLI GYVWI SJ HMQIRWMSREPMX] 'LIR IX EP  

-R WYVZMZEP EREP]WMW XLI %*8 EGGIPIVEXIH JEMPYVI XMQI QSHIP LEW FIIR ETTPMIH XS KIRI I\TVIWWMSR HEXE [MXL E WQEPP WM^I FYX E PEVKI HMQIRWMSR ,YERK IX EP  1E ERH ,YERK  7LE IX EP   7YVZMZEP TVIHMGXMSR [MXL XLI EVIE YRHIV XLI 63' GYVZI %9' QE\MQM^EXMSR LEW EPWS FIIR TVSTSWIH 0MY IX EP  JSV LMKLHMQIRWMSREP KIRI I\TVIWWMSR HEXE [MXL E WQEPP WM^I ,S[IZIV MX MW QYGL QSVI HMࢰGYPX XS ETTP] XLIWI QIXLSHW JSV WYVZMZEP HEXE [MXL E PEVKI WM^I ERH E LMKL HM QIRWMSR 0MY IX EP F  1MXXEP IX EP   >LES  EREP]^IH QEWWMZI ZSPYQIW SJ HEXE ERH WXEXMWXMGW XS WIEVGL JSV TEXXIVRW XLEX QMKLX MRHMGEXI XLI IZIRX WYGL EW ER EXXEGO F] FMSXIVVSVMWXW -X MW GLEPPIRKMRK XS FYMPH XLI TVIHMGXMSR QSHIP [MXL EPP XLI ZEVMEFPIW ERH XLI QSHIP QMKLX TVSZMHI MREGGYVEXI VIWYPXW FIGEYWI SJ XLI SZIVࢶXXMRK TVSFPIQ 8LMW QSXMZEXIW YWMRK WTEVWMX] RSVQW XS WIPIGX ZMXEP JIEXYVIW MR LMKLHMQIRWMSR YRHIV XLI EWWYQTXMSR XLEX QSWX SJ XLI ZEVMEFPIW EVI RSX WMKRMࢶGERX 7MQSR IX EP  

 2SRPMRIEV *YRGXMSREP 'SVVIPEXMSR

%W 0MY IX EP F EVKYIH LMKLHMQIRWMSREP HEXE TSWI KVIEX HMࢰGYPXMIW XS EREP]WMW QIXLSHW QEMRP] HYI XS YRHIVP]MRK GSQTPI\ GSVVIPEXMSRW FIX[IIR TVSKRSWXMG ZEVM EFPIW -R QSWX GMVGYQWXERGIW XLI EWWYQTXMSR SJ PMRIEV LE^EVH VEXMS MW SZIVP] VIWXVMG XMZI SV IZIR RS PSRKIV ZEPMH 0MRIEV VIKVIWWMSR MW SJXIR YWIH JSV FYMPHMRK ER IQTMV MGEP QSHIP [LIVIEW TL]WMGEP VIEWSRW MR TVEGXMGI IRXERKPI XLI JYRGXMSREP GSVVIPEXMSR FIX[IIR TVSKRSWXMG ZEVMEFPIW ERH VIWTSRWI ERH YWYEPP] MX MW RSRPMRIEV MJ XLI TVIHMG XMSR HITIRHW SR QEWWMZI ZEVMEFPIW *SV I\EQTPI 0M ERH 0YER  GSQQIRXIH XLEX WXERHEVH QIXLSHW WYGL EW XLI 'S\ TEVXMEP PMOIPMLSSH [MXL XLI PMRIEV EWWYQTXMSR JSV IWXMQEXMRK XLI YRWTIGMࢶIH JYRGXMSR MW YRJIEWMFPI -R EHHMXMSR XLI LYKI RYQFIV SJ MRHMZMHYEPW VIWYPXW MR QEWWMZI WEQTPI WM^I SJ HEXE VIZIEPMRK MWWYIW WYGL EW LIEZ] GSQTYXEXMSREP GSWX ERH EPKSVMXLQMG MRWXEFMPMX]

 -RIࢭIGXMZIRIWW SJ :EVMEFPI 7IPIGXMSR

-X MW UYMXI PMOIP] XLEX RSX EPP EZEMPEFPI TVSKRSWXMG ZEVMEFPIW EVI EWWSGMEXIH [MXL XLI SYXGSQI EW QSWX SJ XLIQ EVI KIRIVEPP] MVVIPIZERX ;I VIEPM^IH XLEX XLI GYVVIRX QIXLSHW QE] RSX TIVJSVQ [IPP MR JEMPYVI TVIHMGXMSR SR QSWX GPMRMGEP HEXE [LMGL MR ZSPZIW LMKLP] GSVVIPEXIH TVSKRSWXMG ZEVMEFPIW ERH MVVIPIZERX ZEVMEFPIW %R MQQIHMEXI ETTVSEGL XS WIXXPMRK XLMW MWWYI MW ZEVMEFPI WIPIGXMSR *SV XLI TYVTSWI SJ EGLMIZMRK ER EGGYVEXI JEMPYVI TVIHMGXMSR ER MQTSVXERX TSMRX GSRGIVRMRK XLI STXMQEP WIX SJ TVSK RSWXMG ZEVMEFPIW MW XLIMV MRHMZMHYEP VIPIZERGI XS TVIHMGXMSR -R WYVZMZEP EREP]WMW WSQI [SVOW LEZI FIIR I\XIRHIH EGGSVHMRKP] XS GEVV] SYX E LEVH TVSNIGXMSR IK FSSXWXVET TVSGIHYVIW -WL[EVER IX EP   &E]IWMER ZEVMEFPI WIPIGXMSR *EVEKKM ERH 7MQSR  -FVELMQ IX EP   TIREPM^EXMSR WIPIGXMSR *ER IX EP  ERH VIKYPEVM^E XMSR >SY ERH ,EWXMI  ;ERK IX EP  8MFWLMVERM IX EP  JSV XLI 'S\ QSHIP 8LISVIXMGEP TVSTIVXMIW SJ XLIWI QIXLSHW LEZI RSX FIIR JYPP] ZEPMHEXIH *ER ERH 0M  

8LI SVMKMREP MRXIRXMSR SJ ETTP]MRK ZEVMEFPI WIPIGXMSR F] YWMRK GVMXIVME WYGL EW JIE XYVI HITIRHIRG] MRJSVQEXMSR KEMR SV XLI KEMR VEXMS MW XS ࢶPXIV SYX WSQI MVVIPIZERX VIHYRHERX JIEXYVIW ERH XS WIPIGX QSWX VIPIZERX ERH WMKRMࢶGERX TVSKRSWXMG ZEVMEFPIW

XLYW VIHYGMRK XLI HEXE HMQIRWMSREPMX] WS XLEX GSRZIRXMSREP GPEWWMࢶIVW EVI EFPI XS [SVO MR XLI VIHYGIH PS[HMQIRWMSREP JIEXYVI WTEGIW (IWTMXIW SJ XLI RMGI TVSTIV XMIW VITSVXIH MR XLI PMXIVEXYVIW XLI ZEVMEFPI WIPIGXMSR WYGL EW FIWXWYFWIX WIPIGXMSR .SZERSZMG IX EP  *EVELEX IX EP   FEGO[EVH WIPIGXMSR 2EVMR IX EP  ERH WXIT[MWI WIPIGXMSR (I0SRK IX EP   MR TVEGXMGI YWYEPP] ]MIPHW MRJIVMSV TIV JSVQERGIW 8LI HIࢶGMIRGMIW GER FI FVSEHP] HIWGVMFIH EW JSPPS[W

Ȗ 8LI WIPIGXMSR XIGLRMUYIW EVFMXVEVMP] XVIEX IZIV] ZEVMEFPI EW FIMRK EX SRI SJ X[S I\XVIQIW IMXLIV MVVIPIZERX SV VIPIZERX XS XEVKIX TVIHMGXMSR SV GPEWWMࢶGEXMSR EREP ]WMW %W E VIWYPX HMࢭIVIRGIW MR VIPIZERGI FIX[IIR TVSKRSWXMG ZEVMEFPIW XLEX EVI KIRIVEPP] YWIJYP JSV HIGMWMSRQEOMRK GERRSX FI EGGYVEXIP] HIWGVMFIH

Ȗ 7IEVGLMRK JSV XLI FIWX WYFWIX SJ TVSKRSWXMG ZEVMEFPIW MW MRJIEWMFPI [MXL XLIWI XIGLRMUYIW QEMRP] HYI XS IRSVQSYW GSQTYXEXMSRW *SV MRWXERGIW XLI FVYXI JSVGI WIPIGXMSR MW XS I\LEYWXMZIP] IZEPYEXI EPP TSWWMFPI GSQFMREXMSRW SJ XLI I\ TPEREXSV] ZEVMEFPIW ERH XLIR ࢶRH XLI FIWX WYFWIX PIEHMRK XS E TVSLMFMXMZIP] LMKL GSQTYXEXMSREP GSWX HYI XS XLI LYKI RYQFIV SJ EHQMWWMFPI WYFWIXW [LMGL MW I\TSRIRXMEP [MXL VIKEVH XS HEXE HMQIRWMSREPMX] -R EFWIRGI SJ TVMSV ORS[P IHKI EFSYX GSVVIPEXIH ZEVMEFPIW IPEWXMG RIX )2 LEW FIIR GSQQSRP] YWIH MR WXIEH SJ XLI 0%773 ERH XLI VMHKI VIKYPEVM^EXMSR [LIVIEW HIXIVQMRMRK XLI VIK YPEVM^EXMSR TEVEQIXIVW JSV 0%773 ERH VMHKI TIREPXMIW MW GSQTYXEXMSREPP] I\TIR WMZI ,EWXMI IX EP  

'SRWIUYIRXP] XLI ZEVMEFPI [IMKLXMRK XIGLRMUYI [LMGL EWWMKRW E GSRXMRYSYW [IMKLX XS IEGL ZEVMEFPIW LEW FIIR ETTPMIH XS TIVJSVQ WSJX ZEVMEFPI WIPIGXMSR WYGL EW ;( ت22 =ERK IX EP  ERH 44'S\ =Y IX EP  

 7YFWTEGIVIPEXIH 'PEWWHMWTIVWMSR

-R LMKLHMQIRWMSREP QEWWMZIWEQTPIWM^I ,(177 HEXE GSQTPI\ HMWXVMFYXMSRW EVI ZIV] PMOIP] JSV E GPEWW SJ WEQTPIW ERH QE] PIEH XS E WYFWTEGIVIPEXIH GPEWWHMWTIVWMSR TVSFPIQ XLI WEQTPIW SJ E GPEWW QE] RSX YRMJSVQP] ࢶPP XLI MRTYX WTEGI SV FI GSR ࢶRIH XS E YRMUYI WYFWTEGI FYX QE] WTVIEH SYX MRXS WSQI REXYVEP LMKLHIRWMX] VI KMSRW MR HMZIVWI JIEXYVI WYFWTEGIW 8LI I\MWXMRK GPEWWMࢶIVW LEZI RSX FIIR HIWMKRIH

XS EGGSYRX JSV WYGL E WGIREVMS ERH XLI] YWYEPP] WYࢭIV JVSQ ER MREFMPMX] SJ XEGO PMRK GPEWW HMWTIVWMSR FIGEYWI GPEWWIW GLEVEGXIVM^IH F] GSQTPI\ HMWXVMFYXMSRW GERRSX FI WITEVEXIH JVSQ IEGL SXLIV ZME XLI WMRKPI FSYRHEV] TIV GPEWW YWIH MR XLIWI GPEWWM ࢶIVW

ૺବૼ +঑ैঃত ैঊड़ 1঑ফॳ঻ैফॳ঑ঊত

3J RSXI [I RIIH XS XLMRO GEVIJYPP] SZIV XLI EFSZI GLEPPIRKIW ERH MWWYI EW XLI] MRIZMXEFP] KS EPSRK [MXL QSHIPMRK EW EP[E]W 8LMW MW XLI VEXMSREPI JSV XLI [SVO VITSVXIH MR XLI HMWWIVXEXMSR

 +SEPW JSV %TTPMGEXMSRW

8LI TVEGXMGEP KSEP MW XS QEOI ORS[PIHKI HMWGSZIV] JVSQ GSQTPI\ XMQIXSIZIRX HEXE IࢭIGXMZIP] ERH XS EMH HIGMWMSRQEOMRK MR LIEPXLGEVI QEREKIQIRX ERH TVIHMGXMZI QEMRXIRERGI

 '34( 7XYH]

'LVSRMG SFWXVYGXMZI TYPQSREV] HMWIEWI '34(  E WPS[P] TVSKVIWWMZI HMWIEWI GLEVEG XIVM^IH F] EMVࢹS[ PMQMXEXMSR ]MIPHW E LMKL QSVFMHMX] MI LSWTMXEPM^EXMSR VEXI ERH QSVXEPMX] MI HIEXL VEXI  'YVVIRXP] '34( MW XLI XLMVH PIEHMRK GEYWI SJ HIEXL MR XLI 9RMXIH 7XEXIW 'IRXIVW JSV (MWIEWI 'SRXVSP ERH 4VIZIRXMSR   XLI JSYVXL GEYWI MR 'EREHE 4VIZIRXMSR SJ 3VKER *EMPYVI 'IRXVI  ERH XLI ࢶJXL GEYWI [SVPH[MHI FYX XLI ;SVPH ,IEPXL 3VKERM^EXMSR ;,3 JSVIGEWXW MX [MPP FI XLI XLMVH PIEHMRK GEYWI [SVPH[MHI F]  ;SVPH ,IEPXL 3VKERM^EXMSR   8LMW HMWIEWI MW HIIQIH XS FI TSXIRXMEPP] TVIZIRXEFPI ERH XVIEXEFPI FYX RSX JYPP] VIZIVWMFPI ;MXL HIZIPSTQIRXW MR QIHMGEP GEVI HYVMRK LSWTMXEPM^EXMSR XLI PIRKXL SJ WXE] 037 JSV '34(GEYWI LSWTMXEPM^EXMSR LEW FIIR HIGVIEWMRK MR VIGIRX ]IEVW [LIVIEW XLI VEXI SJ JEMPYVIW WYGL EW LSWTMXEP VIEHQMWWMSR ERH FMSPSKMGEP HIEXL LEW IWGEPEXIH VIWYPXMRK MR E XVIQIRHSYW XVIEXQIRX ERH LIEPXLGEVI FYVHIR JSV '34( *SV I\EQTPI [LMPI

RSX EPP VIEHQMWWMSRW GER FI TVIZIRXIH IQTMVMGEP VIWIEVGL WYKKIWXW XLEX FIX[IIR  ERH  SJ '34( VIEHQMWWMSRW EVI EZSMHEFPI EW WXEXIH F] XLI 'EREHMER -RWXMXYXI JSV ,IEPXL -RJSVQEXMSR '-,- 'EREHMER -RWXMXYXI JSV ,IEPXL -RJSVQEXMSR   1ER] SJ TEXMIRXW GSYPH FI EHIUYEXIP] QEREKIH MJ [EVRMRK SJ EHZIVWI GPMRMGEP IZIRXW IK FMSPSKMGEP HIEXL ERH LSWTMXEP VIEHQMWWMSR [EW TVSZMHIH IEVP] FIJSVI XLIMV [SVW IRMRK 8LMW MW XLI QSXMZEXMSR JSV XLI [SVO VITSVXIH LIVI [LSWI EMQ MW XS TIVJSVQ TVIHMGXMRK JEMPYVI JSV '34( TEXMIRXW &IWMHIW TVIZIRXMRK YRTPERRIH LSWTMXEP VIEH QMWWMSRW ERH YRI\TIGXIH IEVP] HIEXL EGGYVEXI '34( JEMPYVI TVIHMGXMSR GER FI ZMXEP XS LIPT TEXMIRXW ERH XLIMV JEQMPMIW GSQI XS XIVQW [MXL MQTIRHMRK HIEXL SV LSWTM XEPM^EXMSR  QSHYPEXI XLI XVIEXQIRX EGGSVHMRK XS XLI WIZIVMX] SJ XLI TEXMIRXٻW HMWIEWI WS EW XS TVIZIRX EZSMHEFPI LSWTMXEP EHQMWWMSR SV IEVP] HIEXL SV WSQIXMQIW QEOI WYMX EFPI TPERW JSV XLIMV VIQEMRMRK PMJIWTER ,IRHIVWSR IX EP  

 6IQEMRMRK 9WIJYP 0MJI 4VIHMGXMSR

0IXٻW XLMRO EFSYX EPP XLI MRWIVZMGI QEGLMRIW [I YWI HEMP] ERH SVKERMWQW YRHIV TLEV QEGIYXMGEP GEVI JVSQ ER IRKMRITVSTIPPIH ZILMGPI SR XLI [E] XS [SVO SV E PMJX KSMRK YT ERH HS[R XS ER MRTEXMIRX MR XLI IEVP] WXEKIW SJ FVIEWX GERGIV -QEKMRI XLEX SRI SJ XLIWI WLSYPH JEMP IK FVIEO HS[R [SVWIR HMI IZIV] HE] JVSQ RS[ SR ;LEX MQTEGX [SYPH XLEX LEZI# 8LI XVYXL MW XLEX WSQI JEMPYVIW EVI NYWX ER MRGSRZIRMIRGI SV E ࢶRERGMEP PSWW [LMPI SXLIVW GSYPH QIER PMJI SV HIEXL 8LIVIJSVI TVIZIRXMZI MR XIVZIRXMSR IK TVIHMGXMZI QEMRXIRERGI ERH LIEPXL GEVI XS HIJIV JEMPYVIW LEW VIGIRXP] FIIR SJ KVIEX TVEGXMGEP MRXIVIWX ;Y IX EP   &YX LS[ GER [I ࢶRH XLI VMKLX QS QIRX JSV MRXIVZIRXMSR# 4VSZMHMRK ER ERW[IV XS XLMW UYIWXMSR MW SRI EMQ SJ XLMW HMW WIVXEXMSR [LMGL WIIOW XS FYMPH QSHIPW JSV EGGYVEXI TVSKRSWXMGW SJ VIQEMRMRK YWIJYP PMJI 690 ;Y IX EP  MR IUYMTQIRXW PMJIXMQI MR TEXMIRXW ERH WYVZMZEP XMQI MR SXLIV PMJI IRXMXMIW MR QEGLMRI QERYJEGXYVMRK QIHMGMRI ITMHIQMSPSK] IGSRSQMGW IXG

 1SXMZEXMSRW MR 1SHIPMRK

 *IEXYVI ;IMKLXMRK

*IEXYVI [IMKLXMRK LEW FIIR [MHIP] IQTPS]IH XS MQTPIQIRX E ٽWSJXپ JIEXYVI WIPIGXMSR F] EWWMKRMRK E GSRXMRYSYW [IMKLXMRK ZEPYI XS IEGL ZEVMEFPI 8LI VEXMSREPI JSV YW MRK JIEXYVI [IMKLXMRK MW XS VIHYGI HMQIRWMSREPMX] JSV FMK HEXE WMRGI ZEVMEFPIW GER FI WIPIGXIH EGGSVHMRK XS XLI ZEPYIW SJ XLIMV [IMKLXW [LMPI WLVMROMRK XLI GSVVIPEXMSR FI X[IIR ZEVMEFPIW -R WYVZMZEP EREP]WMW JIEXYVI [IMKLXMRK PIEVRW HMࢭIVIRX VMWO GSRXVMFY XMSRW SJ TVSKRSWXMG ZEVMEFPIW XS TVIHMGXMRK JEMPYVIW SJ MRXIVIWX ERH XLIR WLVMRO RSMWI ZEVMEFPIW XLEX EVI RSX MRJSVQEXMZI JSV XLI VIHYGXMSR SJ QMWTVIHMGXMSR VEXI -X GER KIRIVEXI E HIKVII SJ VIPIZERGI JSV IZIV] ZEVMEFPI F] QIERW SJ GSRXMRYSYW [IMKLXW EW WMKRIH XS ZEVMEFPI 8LI QSVI VIPIZERX E ZEVMEFPI MW XLI PEVKIV XLI [IMKLX EWWMKRIH XS MX -R EHHMXMSR WYGL E [IMKLXMRK XIGLRMUYI GER IEWMP] SZIVGSQI XLI WLSVXGSQMRK EVMW MRK JVSQ XLI XVEHMXMSREP ٽLEVHپ WIPIGXMSR XIGLRMUYI 8S XLI FIWX SJ SYV ORS[PIHKI XLIVI MW EW ]IX RS HSGYQIRXIH VITSVX SJ WYGL E WXYH] MR WYVZMZEP EREP]WMW

 'S\ [MXL %GGYQYPEXMZI ,E^EVH )WXMQEXMSR

'S\ 1SHIPMRK 8LI 'S\ QSHIP MW E [IPPVIGSKRM^IH WXEXMWXMGEP XIGLRMUYI JSV ERE P]^MRK XMQIXSIZIRX HEXE ;LIR MX MW YWIH XS EREP]^I XLI WYVZMZEP SJ TEXMIRXW MR E GPMRMGEP XVMEP XLI QSHIP EPPS[W YW XS MWSPEXI XLI IࢭIGXW SJ XVIEXQIRX JVSQ XLI IࢭIGXW SJ SXLIV ZEVMEFPIW 8LI QSHIP GER EPWS FI YWIH E TVMSVM MJ MX MW ORS[R XLEX XLIVI EVI SXLIV ZEVMEFPIW FIWMHIW XVIEXQIRX XLEX MRࢹYIRGI TEXMIRX WYVZMZEP ERH XLIWI ZEVMEFPIW GERRSX FI IEWMP] GSRXVSPPIH MR E GPMRMGEP XVMEP 9WMRK XLI QSHIP QE] MQTVSZI XLI IWXM QEXI SJ XVIEXQIRX IࢭIGX F] REVVS[MRK XLI GSRࢶHIRGI MRXIVZEP -R XIGLRMUYIW WTIGM J]MRK XLI HMWXVMFYXMSR SJ XLI WYVZMZEP XMQIW MW RSX VIUYMVIH HYI XS XLI TVSTSVXMSREP LE^EVHW WIXXMRK PIEHMRK XS MXW WMQTPMGMX] ERH TVSZIR IࢭIGXMZIRIWW EPXLSYKL MX WLSYPH RSX FI MRXIVTVIXIH EW E GPEMQ XLEX XLI 'S\ QSHIP MW XLI FIWX SRI XS GSTI [MXL XMQI XSIZIRX HEXE

%GGYQYPEXMZI ,E^EVH )WXMQEXMSR 8LI LMWXSVMGEP QIEWYVIQIRXW MRZSPZI E KVIEX ZSPYQI SJ PEXIRX VIPEXMSRWLMTW FIX[IIR ZEVMEFPIW ERH XLI LE^EVH SJ JEMPYVI 8LI VI

GIRX [SVO TVIWIRXIH MR 1SKLEHHEWW ERH 6YHMR  >LERK IX EP E EPWS MQTPMIH XLEX XLI TVIZMSYW SFWIVZEXMSRW EVI EWWSGMEXIH [MXL XLI LE^EVH ERH XLIVIJSVI YWIJYP JSV TVIHMGXMRK WYVZMZEP TVSFEFMPMX] *SV XLIWI VIEWSRW QSHIPMRK ER IࢭIGXMZI VITVIWIRXEXMSR SJ LE^EVH IK EGGYQYPEXMZI LE^EVH XS EGGYVEXIP] GETXYVI XLI VIPE XMSRWLMT FIX[IIR WYVZMZEP TVSFEFMPMX] ERH EPP SFWIVZEXMSRW JSV XMQIZEV]MRK ZEVMEFPIW MW RIGIWWEV] JSV JEMPYVI TVIHMGXMSR

 1YPXMTPI 7YVZMZEP 2IYVEP 2IX[SVO 'PEWWMࢶGEXMSRW

1YPXMTPI 7YVZMZEP 'PEWWMࢶGEXMSRW -QEKMRI E FMREV] GPEWWMࢶGEXMSR TIVJSVQIH XS TVIHMGX JEMPYVI SJ E QEGLMRI MR E KMZIR سHE] XMQI [MRHS[ MI XS ERW[IV XLI UYIW XMSR ٽ;MPP E QEGLMRI VIQEMR JEMPYVIJVII SZIV XLI RI\X س HE]W#پ 8LMW EPPS[W YW XS XVERWJSVQ XLI SVMKMREP 690 TVIHMGXMSR TVSFPIQ MRXS E WIVMIW SJ FMREV] GPEWWMࢶGEXMSR TVSFPIQW EW PSRK EW IEGL LEW ER SYXTYX TVSFEFMPMX] XLEX XLI EGXYEP XMQI XS IZIRX MW RSX IEVPMIV XLER س 8LMW WIXYT EPPS[W XS QSHIP E WYVZMZEP GYVZI F] QIERW SJ E WIVMIW SJ GPEWWMࢶGEXMSR TVSFEFMPMXMIW SZIV XLI XMQI TSMRXW [LIVI XLI SYXGSQIW EX ZEVMSYW XMQI TSMRXW EVI HITIRHIRX 7YGL QYPXMXEWO XVERWJSVQEXMSR [MPP EPWS VIHYGI XLI TVI HMGXMSR IVVSV SR IEGL XEWO ERH LIRGI TVSZMHI E QSVI EGGYVEXI IWXMQEXMSR XLER XLI QSHIPW [LMGL EMQ EX QSHIPMRK XLI IRXMVI TVSFPIQ EX SRGI

2IYVEP 2IX[SVOW 8S EREP]^I XLI WMQYPXERISYW IࢭIGXW SJ TVSKRSWXMG ZEVMEFPIW MR E KIRIVEP GEWI SRI YWYEPP] MRXVSHYGIW E PMRO JYRGXMSR SJ TVSKRSWXMG ZEVMEFPIW &EWM GEPP] KIRIVEPM^IH PMRIEV QSHIPW +01W ;ERK IX EP  TSWXYPEXI XLI PMRO JYRG XMSR SJ XLI 'S\ QSHIP MR XLI PMRIEV JSVQ EWWYQMRK XLEX XLI ZEVMEFPIW LEZI E PMRIEV VIPEXMSRWLMT [MXL XLI PSKEVMXLQ SJ JEMPYVI LE^EVH -R QSWX TVEGXMGEP YWIW LS[IZIV XLI JYRGXMSREP VIPEXMSRWLMT FIX[IIR ZEVMEFPIW ERH XLI SYXTYX MW RSX PMRIEV % RIY VEP RIX[SVO GER FI GETEFPI SJ TIVJSVQMRK E TVSFEFMPMWXMG GPEWWMࢶGEXMSR ERH EYXSQEX MGEPP] MHIRXMJ]MRK XLI RSRPMRIEV VIPEXMSRWLMT FIX[IIR ZEVMEFPIW ERH HIWMVIH WYVZMZEP SYXGSQIW

 1YPXMTPI ;IMKLXIH &E]IW

1YPXMTPI (MWGVMQMRERX *YRGXMSRW -R XLI PERKYEKI SJ PIEVRMRK XLISV] :ETRMO   XLI OI] XS E VIEWSREFPI PIEVRMRK QEGLMRI JSV GPEWWMࢶGEXMSR PMIW MR ETTVSTVMEXI HMWGVMQMRERX JYRGXMSRW XS MHIRXMJ] HIGMWMSR FSYRHEVMIW FIX[IIR GPEWWIW 7MQTPI GPEW WMࢶIVW EVI TVIJIVVIH XS GSQTPI\ SRIW PMOI RIYVEP RIX[SVOW [MXL E PEVKI RYQFIV SJ LMHHIR YRMXW ERH RIEVIWXRIMKLFSV GPEWWMࢶIVW [MXL JI[ RIMKLFSVW 7YGL GSQTPI\ GPEW WMࢶIVW I\LMFMX ࢹI\MFPI HIGMWMSR FSYRHEVMIW FYX EVI WIRWMXMZI XS WQEPP ZEVMEXMSRW MR XLI HEXE :MPEPXE IX EP   8LI YWI SJ E WMRKPI HMWGVMQMRERX JYRGXMSR TIV GPEWW GER IUYMT GPEWWMࢶIVW [MXL E KSSH KIRIVEPM^EXMSR EFMPMX] FYX QE] PIEH XS E HIGPMRI MR ࢹI\M FMPMX] ERH WYFWIUYIRXP] ER MRGVIEWI MR XLI VMWO SJ QMWGPEWWMࢶGEXMSR MI XLI TVSFEFMP MX] SJ IVVSV  IWTIGMEPP] MJ E GPEWW LEW E GSQTPI\ HMWXVMFYXMSR %XEWLTE^+EVKEVM IX EP   6IGEPPMRK XLI HEXEQETTMRK ETTVSEGL MRXVSHYGIH F] :MPEPXE ERH 6MWL   EYKQIRXMRK XLI RYQFIV SJ HIGMWMSR FSYRHEVMIW EGGSVHMRK XS GPEWW HIRWMX] HMWXVMFY XMSR IK XLI LMKLHIRWMX] VIKMSRW ETTIEVW XS FI E WXVEMKLXJSV[EVH [E] SJ EHHVIWWMRK XLI TVSFPIQ 9WMRK QYPXMTPI HMWGVMQMRERX JYRGXMSRW MW I\TIGXIH XS EPPS[ MQTVSZMRK XLI ࢹI\MFMPMX] [LMPI WXMPP VIXEMRMRK XLI KIRIVEPM^EXMSR EFMPMX] XLEX QEOIW XLIQ WYMXEFPI JSV [MHI YWI % VMWO QMRMQM^EXMSR XLEX IRXEMPW E FEPERGI FIX[IIR ࢹI\MFMPMX] ERH KIR IVEPM^EXMSR EFMPMX] GER FI YWIH MR GSQFMREXMSR [MXL &E]IWٻ XLISVIQ JSV PIEVRMRK FSYRHEVMIW

2E²ZI &E]IW &] GSQTEVMWSR [MXL SXLIV HEXE QMRMRK QIXLSHW RE²ZI &E]IW 2& .SLR ERH 0ERKPI]   [LMGL TIVJSVQW &E]IWMER MRJIVIRGI F] XLI EWWYQTXMSR XLEX XLI TVIHMGXSVW EVI GSRHMXMSREPP] MRHITIRHIRX KMZIR XLI VIWTSRWIW GJ GPEWW PE FIPW MR GPEWWMࢶGEXMSR EREP]WMW  MW E GSQTIXMXMZI GERHMHEXI JSV FMK HEXE GPEWWMࢶGEXMSR XEWOW 8LEROW XS XLI MRHITIRHIRGI EWWYQTXMSR 2& VIHYGIW E LMKLHMQIRWMSREP XEWO XS QYPXMTPI WMRKPIHMQIRWMSREP XEWOW ERH ]MIPHW MRGVIHMFPI WEZMRKW MR XLI RYQFIV SJ QSHIP TEVEQIXIVW VIWYPXMRK MR MXW WMQTPMGMX] ERH GSRWIUYIRXP] TSXIRXMEP GETEGMX] XS EHETX XS LMKLHMQIRWMSREP HEXE 8LI WMQTPMGMX] ERH IࢭIGXMZIRIWW SJ 2& QSXMZEXI YW XS YWI MX MR VIGIRX LMKLHMQIRWMSREP FMK HEXE VIWIEVGL XLMW LS[IZIV WLSYPH RSX FI MRXIVTVIXIH EW E GPEMQ XLEX 2& MW XLI FIWX ETTVSEGL XS GSTI [MXL ,(177 HEXE

&E]IWMER ;IMKLXMRK -R TEVXMGYPEV &E]IWMER GPEWWMࢶIVW IQTPS] WMQTPI VITVIWIRXE XMSRW 2& GSQFMRIH [MXL JIEXYVI [IMKLXMRK LEW XYVRIH SYX XS ]MIPH E GSQTIXM XMZI GPEWWMࢶIV SJ GLSMGI JSV LMKLHMQIRWMSREP HEXE GPEWWMࢶGEXMSR XEWOW *SV I\EQTPI QER] I\GIPPIRX VIWYPXW LEZI FIIR VITSVXIH MR *VERO IX EP  0II IX EP E 'LIR ERH ;ERK FE  &E]IWMER GPEWWMࢶIVW KIRIVEPP] IRGSQTEWW E WQEPP KVSYT SJ HMWGVMQMRERX JYRGXMSRW SRI JSV JSVQYPEXMRK IEGL HIGMWMSR FSYRHEV] TIV GPEWW IK XLI VIKYPEV 2& GPEWWMࢶIV .SLR ERH 0ERKPI]   PSGEPP] [IMKLXIH 2& 0;2& *VERO IX EP   JIEXYVI[IMKLXIH 2& *;2& 0II IX EP E  WYFWTEGI [IMKLIH 2& 7;2& ERH OIVRIP[IMKLXIH 2& /;2& 'LIR ERH ;ERKFE  8LIWI GPEWWMࢶIVW GER FI VIEWSREFP] ETTPMIH [LIR XLI WEQTPIW [MXLMR GPEWW EVI HVE[R JVSQ E WMQTPI HIRWMX] HMWXVMFYXMSR

 8IGLRMGEP 3FNIGXMZIW

8LI OI] XS EGLMIZMRK XLI KSEPW MRGPYHIW XLI JSPPS[MRK SFNIGXMZIW MR XIGLRMUYI Ȗ 8S HIVMZI E RI[ VITVIWIRXEXMSR SJ LE^EVH JSV PSRKMXYHMREP HEXE

Ȗ 8S HIZIPST E RI[ GIRWSVIH HEXE PIEVRMRK QIXLSH JSV 'S\ QSHIPMRK Ȗ 8S HIZIPST E TYVIP] QEGLMRI PIEVRMRK [MXLSYX WXEXMWXMGEP WYVZMZEP MRJIVIRGI Ȗ 8S HIZIPST E RI[ &E]IWMER QIXLSH JSV ,(177 HEXE GPEWWMࢶGEXMSR

Ȗ 8S IWXEFPMWL E RI[ JIEXYVI WIPIGXMSR GVMXIVMSR JSV WYVZMZEP TVIHMGXMSR

ૺବ૽ '঑ঊফঠॳ॓যফॳ঑ঊত

 4VSTSWIH %TTVSEGLIW

&] GSPPEFSVEXMSRW [MXL Q] WYTIVZMWSVW ERH GSPPIEKYIW [I LEZI TVSTSWIH RI[ PSR KMXYHMREP HEXE QMRMRK ETTVSEGLIW >LERK IX EP EF  WYVZMZEP TVSFEFMPMX] IWXM QEXSV >LERK IX EP E  WYVZMZEP RIYVEP RIX[SVOW >LERK IX EP E -RZMXIH 7YFQMWWMSR  WYVZMZEP JIEXYVI WIPIGXMSR >LERK IX EP F  ERH PEVKIWGEPI HEXE GPEW WMࢶGEXMSR QIXLSHW >LERK IX EP F JSV EGLMIZMRK XLI EJSVIQIRXMSRIH KSEPW ERH